[ { "Title\/Name": "Benz, Hedwig", "Entry ID": "AWE6619", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/benz-hedwig\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Brig, Switzerland", "Death Place": "Queensland", "Occupations": "Interpreter", "Summary": "Hedwig Benz was the first full time interpreter at the Queen Victoria Memorial Hospital - a hospital for women - in Melbourne. Benz was awarded the British Empire Medal in 1972 in recognition of service to migrants in Victoria, for her work at the Queen Victoria Memorial Hospital. She played a valuable role in removing the responsibility from English-speaking children of migrants in liaising about their mother's illness with hospital staff.\n", "Details": "According to her immigration records, Hedwig Schl\u00e4pfer was born in Brig, Switzerland and lived in Switzerland most of her life until immigrating, with the exception of a year or two in Italy when she was 18. She arrived in Melbourne on the S M Almkerk in July 1949, intending to work as a housekeeper and a nurse. She then moved to Canberra, where she spent three years, returning to Melbourne in 1953. She married William Benz, another Swiss migrant, in Melbourne in 1954 and received her certificate of naturalization in 1958. In 1956 Benz began working full time at the Queen Victoria Memorial Hospital as an interpreter, where she remained until retiring in 1971. By 1977 the couple had moved to Queensland. Hedwig Benz died in 2006.\n", "Archival Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/benz-hedwig-2\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Denoon, Pamela", "Entry ID": "AWE0026", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/denoon-pamela\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Toowoomba, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Biochemist, Public servant", "Summary": "Pamela Denoon was National Coordinator of the Women's Electoral Lobby from 1982-84. She actively lobbied for women's rights in Canberra during the 1980s, and established by bequest the National Foundation for Australian Women and the Pamela Denoon Trust.\n", "Details": "Pamela completed a Bachelor of Science at Queensland University; a Bachelor of Arts (Honours) at the University of Papua New Guinea (1977); and was awarded her Master of Arts in Sociology by the London School of Economics.\nShe worked as a Biochemist in Cambridge, UK, and between 1966-72 was employed by Makarere University, Uganda. In 1981 she took up employment with the Abortion Counselling Service in Canberra, following which (from 1982-84) she was National Coordinator of the Women's Electoral Lobby. She worked for the Australian National University's Urban Research Unit in 1984, and was employed by the Office of Local Government.\nPamela played a major role in various women's campaigns and conferences including: the UN Women's Convention (CEDAW); the Commonwealth Sex Discrimination Act; the Economic Summit 1983; the Affirmative Action Act; National Women's Tax Summit 1985 and National Agenda for Women Conference 1986.\nPamela, who married Donald Denoon and was the mother of three children born between 1966-72, died at the age of 46 after battling leukaemia. She established two feminist organisations by bequest: the National Foundation for Australian Women and the Pamela Denoon Trust.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/from-lady-denman-to-katy-gallagher-a-century-of-womens-contributions-to-canberra\/", "Archival Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/records-of-the-womens-electoral-lobby-1952-2010-manuscript\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/collection-of-realia-and-papers-relating-to-womens-issues-and-organisations-1975-2008-manuscript\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/biographical-cuttings-on-pamela-denoon-public-servant-feminist-containing-one-or-more-cuttings-from-newspapers-or-journals\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/records-of-the-pamela-denoon-trust-1989-2005-manuscript\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/records-relating-to-the-pamela-denoon-lecture-series-1989-2013\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/records-of-the-national-foundation-for-australian-women-1988-2009-manuscript\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/papers-of-marilyn-lake-1964-1999-manuscript\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/papers-of-edna-ryan-1948-1993-manuscript\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Hill, Dorothy", "Entry ID": "AWE0064", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/hill-dorothy\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Brisbane, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Geologist, Palaeontologist", "Summary": "Dorothy Hill was the first female Fellow of the Australian Academy of Science (1956); the first Australian woman elected to the Royal Society (1965); the first female President of the Australian Academy of Science (1970); and the first woman in an Australian university to be president of her university's professorial board (1971-1972).\n", "Details": "Hill was Research Professor of Geology at the University of Queensland from 1959-1972 and published widely on palaeontology, stratigraphy and geology.\nShe was awarded the CBE in 1971 for services to geology and palaeontology, and received an AC in 1993.\n", "Events": "Inducted into the Victorian Honour Roll of Women (2001 - 2001)", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/dorothy-hill-1907-1997\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/dorothy-hill-1907-1997-2\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/finding-life-in-ancient-corals-dorothy-hill\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/hill-dorothy-1907-1997-biographical-entry\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/hill-dorothy-2\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/where-are-the-women-in-australian-science-2\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/faith-hope-and-charity-australian-women-and-imperial-honours-1901-1989\/", "Archival Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/dorothy-hill-records\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/dorothy-hill-papers\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Sanger, Ruth Anne", "Entry ID": "AWE0111", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/sanger-ruth-anne\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Southport, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Author, Haematologist", "Summary": "Dr Ruth Sanger was an internationally known expert in blood grouping, who for many years worked for the Medical Research Council in London.\nRuth Sanger, the daughter of Hubert and Katharine Mary Ross (n\u00e9e Cameron) Sanger, obtained her Science Degree from Sydney of University in 1940. She then worked in the blood-grouping laboratory of the Sydney Red Cross Blood Transfusion Service. After the Second World War Sanger moved to London and worked for Dr Robert Race, her future husband, at the Medical Research Council. In 1950 she co-wrote Blood Groups in Man, with her husband and they released their sixth and final edition in 1975. Dr Sanger also contributed papers to medical and genetic journals. She was admitted as a fellow of Britain's Royal Society in 1972 and in the same year she was a joint recipient of the Gairdner Foundation Award. In 1983 Dr Sanger retired as director of the British Medical Research Council, a position she had held for ten years. She was a member of the International Society of Blood Transfusion and an affiliate of similar groups in Canada, Germany, Mexico and Norway. The British Blood Transfusion Society has established the Race and Sanger Award.\n", "Events": "Attended the Women's College within the University of Sydney (1936 - 1939) \nAwarded a Fellow of the Royal Society, London (1972 - 1972) \nAwarded a gold medal from the Australasian Society of Blood Transfusion (1991 - 1991) \nAwarded Caird scholarship in zoology (1938 - 1938) \nAwarded her Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) from the University of London (1948 - 1948) \nAwarded the Gairdner Foundation Award, Canada (1972 - 1972) \nAwarded the Grace Frazer scholarship (1939 - 1939) \nAwarded the Karl Landsteiner Memorial Award (with R Race), United States of America (1957 - 1957) \nAwarded the Oliver Memorial Award for Blood Transfusion from the British Red Cross (1973 - 1973) \nAwarded the Philip Levene Award, United States of America (1970 - 1970) \nDirector of the Blood Group Unit of the Medical Research Council (London) (1973 - 1983) \nGraduated Bachelor of Science (BSc) (1940 - 1940) \nHonorary treasurer of the basketball club (1938 - 1938) \nMember of the Students' House committee (1938 - 1938) \nOn the scientific staff of the New South Wales Red Cross Blood Transfusion Service (1940 - 1946) \nPlayed in the inter-Varsity basketball team (1936 - 1939) \nReceived Doctor of Medicine (MD (Honoris Causa)) from the Helsinki University (1990 - 1990) \nReturned to Sydney and worked with the Blood Transfusion Service (1949 - 1949) \nScientific staff member of the Blood Group Unit of the Medical Research Council, London (1946 - 1973) \nSecretary of the Women's College dance committee (1938 - 1938) \nThe Ruth Sanger Oration established by the Australasian Society of Blood Transfusion (1990 - 1990) \nTravelled to London to work with Dr R Race, director of Medical Research Council's Blood Group Unit (1946 - 1946) \nTreasurer of the Women's College dance committee (1937 - 1937) \nVice-captain of the basketball team (1938 - 1938) \nWorked with the Science Research School in the Department of Zoology at the University of Sydney (1940 - 1940)", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/biographical-register-the-womens-college-within-the-university-of-sydney\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/", "Archival Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/correspondence-with-ruth-sanger-blood-group-research-unit-lister-institute\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Holt, Lillian Rose", "Entry ID": "AWE0113", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/holt-lillian-rose\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Cherbourg Aboriginal Settlement, Queensland, Australia", "Death Place": "Adelaide, South Australia, Australia", "Occupations": "Educator", "Summary": "Lillian Holt was a member of the first generation of Aboriginal high school and university graduates and had an impressive track record of full time work, study and concomitant achievements. She traversed new terrain in order that younger ones might follow.\nLillian worked or studied full time since the age of 17. She worked as an educator in Aboriginal affairs and education \"25 hours a day, eight days a week\"! She was appointed as a University of Melbourne Fellow in 2003 -2005, prior to that she was Director of the Centre for Indigenous Education, University of Melbourne.\nLillian Holt passed away on her birthday in February 2020, at the age of 75.\n", "Details": "In 1960, at a time when Aboriginal students rarely attended secondary school, Lillian was among the first dozen Aboriginal students to go to Murgon High School, Queensland, following her sister's entry to the school the previous year. There she studied for her junior certificate (year 10).\nIn the early 60's Lillian became secretary of the Opal Younger Set, Opal, Brisbane. Opal held monthly dances for the Aboriginal community and Lillian was instrumental in organising family occasions for the Aboriginal community in Brisbane.\nIn 1967 she returned to study for her senior (year 12) matriculation in order to enter university, as there was no special entry nor mature age entry in those days. Hence, she competed openly in the mainstream and gained her matriculation in one year studying at Hubbard Academy in Brisbane.\nIn 1977 Lillian completed a Bachelor of Arts at the University of Queensland, with majors in English and Journalism. She was awarded her Master of Arts by the University of Northern Colorado in 1980, and by 2000 had enrolled as a PhD candidate at the University of Melbourne.\nLillian is the first Aboriginal person to have worked for the Australian Broadcasting Commission (now Corporation) in Queensland. Her four years at Brisbane (1962-1966) were followed by a further four working in administration for Sydney's ABC. She was the first Aboriginal Executive Officer for the National Aboriginal Education Committee, Canberra (a federal advisory body to the Commonwealth government) in 1978; and the first Aboriginal principal at Tauondi, Port Adelaide (an adult Aboriginal community college) from 1990-1996. She worked for sixteen years (1980-1996) at Tauondi, firstly as teacher, then deputy principal, then principal.\nLillian has been a public speaker for the past twenty years; her vast number of speaking engagements include the UN (Millennium Forum) New York (2000), the Sambell Oration for the Brotherhood of St Laurence (1993); and the Anglican National Conference (1995) entitled 'Towards the end of the century: What does it mean to be human?'. Her work has been published in a number of journals, magazines, and anthologies. Her speaking engagements have taken her around the world, to England, Kenya, Tanzania, Sweden, Ireland, New Zealand, Canada, the USA, Brazil, Thailand, the Philippines, Singapore, Papua New Guinea, Spain, Guatemala, India, Egypt, South Africa, Morocco, Hong Kong, Japan, the Czech Republic, France, and Greece.\nLillian's committee membership has included International Council of Adult Education, Asian South Pacific Bureau of Adult Education (Sri Lanka), and the Australian Association of Adult and Community Education, Canberra. She has also served on the Port Adelaide Centre Ministerial Advisory Committee, the Catholic Education Commission - Aboriginal Consultative Group, the South Australian Aboriginal Education Training Advisory Committee - Ministerial Appointment, the Board of Management, Tandanya (National Aboriginal Cultural Institute) - Ministerial Appointment, the Brotherhood of St Laurence - Melbourne - 'Future of Work' Project - Patron, and the Labour and Employment Aboriginal Reference Group - Warren Snowden Committee.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/one-aboriginal-womans-identity-walking-in-both-worlds\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/the-traps-that-come-with-the-trappings-a-conversation-with-lillian-holt-interview-conducted-by-tapping-carmel\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/aboriginal-justice-democracy-and-adult-education\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/work-an-aboriginal-perspective-the-twelfth-sambell-memorial-oration\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/challenging-outcomes\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Edmond, Wendy Marjorie", "Entry ID": "AWE0169", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/edmond-wendy-marjorie\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Bundaberg, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Parliamentarian", "Summary": "Wendy Edmond was Queensland Minister for Heath and Minister Assisting the Premier on Women's Policy. She was elected MLA (ALP) for the electorate of Mount Coot-tha on 2 December 1989.\n", "Details": "After being educated at West Bundaberg, McIlwraith, Gin Gin State Schools and Bundaberg State High School, she attended the Queensland Radium Institute and graduated in 1967 with a Diploma of Radiography. In 1971 she obtained a Diploma of Nuclear Medicine Technology in Canada.\nEdmond worked as a therapy radiographer in Brisbane 1964-1967, in Copenhagen 1968, and New York 1969-1970 before taking up a position as a nuclear medicine technologist in Montreal 1970-1971, Adelaide 1972, Edinburgh 1973-1974, and at the Royal Brisbane Hospital 1984-1986 and the Holy Spirit Hospital in Brisbane 1986-89.\nShe is a former secretary of the Australian and New Zealand Society of Nuclear Medicine, a member of the Education Committee of the Society of Nuclear Medicine, a committee member of Citizens Against Route Twenty (CART), and a committee member of the Paddington Residents Group.\nSince entering parliament her service includes: Parliamentary Representative University of Queensland Senate 1993 - 31 December 1995; Member, Library Advisory Committee November 1992 - June 1995; Member, Parliamentary Criminal Justice Committee March 1990 - August 1992; Chairperson, Estimates Committee C 1994 and 1995; Minister for Employment and Training and Minister Assisting the Premier on Public Service Matters 31 July 1995 - 19 February 1996; Deputy Chairman Estimates Committee G 1996 and 1997; Shadow Minister for Health 27 February 1996 - 26 June 1998; Minister for Health since 29 June 1998 and Minister Assisting the Premier on Women's Policy since 22 February 2001.\nMarried with three children Edmond's interest include: theatre, environment, crafts, art, reading, tennis and cooking.\nSources: http:\/\/www.parliament.qld.gov.au\/Parlib\/Members\/women\/chapters\/edmond.htm> accessed 7\/11\/01;\nhttp:\/\/www.parliament.qld.gov.au\/Parlib\/handbook\/edmond.htm accessed 7\/11\/01\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/whos-who-in-australia-2002\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/edmond-hon-wendy-marjorie\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/women-members-of-the-legislative-assembly-from-1929\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/", "Archival Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/biographical-cuttings-on-wendy-edmond-politician-containing-one-or-more-cuttings-from-newspapers-or-journals\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Macklin, Jennifer Louise", "Entry ID": "AWE0229", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/macklin-jennifer-louise\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Brisbane, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Parliamentarian", "Summary": "A member of the Australian Labor Party, Jenny Macklin was elected to the House of Representatives of the Australian Parliament representing the electorate of Jagajaga, Victoria in 1996. She was re-elected in 1998, 2001, 2004, 2007, 2010, 2013 and 2016, retiring at the 2019 election. On 22 November 2001, Macklin was elected unopposed as Deputy Leader of the Federal Opposition and retained that position until November 2006. She was Shadow Minister for Employment, Education, Training and Science. With the election of a Labor Government in 2007, she took on the ministerial portfolio of Families, Housing, Community Service and Indigenous Affairs. She continued to hold that position after the 2010 election. Her final portfolios before the defeat of the Labor government in September 2013, were Disability Reform; Families, Community Services and Indigenous Affairs.\nA complete record of her parliamentary service, including links to her first and valedictory speeches, can be found in the Parliamentary Handbook of the Commonwealth of Australia (see below).\n", "Details": "Macklin was a member of the Opposition Shadow Ministry from 19 March 1996. She was Shadow Minister for the Aged, Family and Community Services from 20 March 1996 to 27 March 1997, when she was appointed Shadow Minister for Social Security, the Aged and Family Services. On 26 August 1997 Macklin became Shadow Minister for Social Security and the Aged as well as Assistant to the Leader of the Opposition on the Status of Women. By 20 October 1998 she was Shadow Minister for Health and was also Shadow Minister for the Status of Women until 5 September 2000.\nAfter completing a Bachelor of Commerce (Hons) at Melbourne University, Macklin worked as a Researcher at the Australian National University from 1976 to 1978 before being employed as an Economics Research Specialist, Legislative Research Service at the Parliamentary Library, Canberra 1978-81. She then worked at the Labor Resource Centre as a Research Coordinator from 1981 to 1985 and until 1988 was Adviser to the Victorian Minister for Health, the Hon. D R White, MLC. In 1990 Macklin became Director of the National Health Strategy and in 1993 Director of the Australian Urban and Regional Development Review.\nJenny Macklin was appointed a Companion of the Order of Australia (AC) in 2023 for eminent service to the people and Parliament of Australia, to social welfare, particularly the introduction of paid parental leave and the National Disability Insurance Scheme, and to the Indigenous community.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/jennifer-jenny-macklin-member-for-jagajaga\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/whos-who-in-australia-2002\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/macklin-the-hon-jennifer-jenny-louise-ac\/", "Archival Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/papers-of-the-migrant-and-indigenous-women-action-group\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "McLucas, Jan Elizabeth", "Entry ID": "AWE0237", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/mclucas-jan-elizabeth\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Atherton, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Politician", "Summary": "McLucas was elected as a Senator for Queensland in 1998. She trained as a Primary School teacher at the Townsville College of Advanced Education, and was the first woman President of the Townsville CAE Student Union in 1977. Her teaching career was mainly in northern Queensland. McLucas was an active member of the Queensland Teachers' Union in 1977 and was also the Secretary of the Cairns and District Provincial Trades and Labor Council from 1985-1988. In 1995 she was elected as a councillor for the Cairns City Council and represented the people of Division Seven until taking up her Senate seat on 1 July 1999. She was re-elected in 2004 and 2010. She currently holds the positions of Parliamentary Secretary for Regional Queensland and for Disabilities and Carers.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/whos-who-in-australia-2002\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Magarey, Susan", "Entry ID": "AWE0260", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/magarey-susan\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Brisbane, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Feminist, Historian", "Summary": "\"Margarey is founding Editor of Australian Feminist Studies, founding Director of the Research Centre for Women's Studies at the University of Adelaide, and author of a the biography of Catherine Spence Unbridling the Tongues of Women (1985). Other\npublications include Debutante Nation: Feminism contests the 1890s, co-edited with Sue Rowley and Susan Sheridan (1993) and Women in a Restructuring Australia: Work and Welfare, co-edited with Anne Edwards (1995).\n(Source: Passions of the first wave feminists, Susan Magarey.)\"\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/unbridling-the-tongues-of-women-a-biography-of-catherine-helen-spence\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/passions-of-the-first-wave-feminists\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/a-bibliography-of-australian-womens-history\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/debutante-nation-feminism-contests-the-1890s\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/womens-research-centre-womens-studies-symposium\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/women-in-a-restructuring-australia-work-and-welfare\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/human-rights-and-reconciliation\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/interview-with-susan-magarey-for-the-interchange-programme-november-16-1977-a-2xx-radio-station-broadcast-sound-recording-interviewer-biff-ward\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/dame-roma-glimpses-of-a-glorious-life\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/the-encyclopedia-of-women-and-leadership-in-twentieth-century-australia\/", "Archival Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/speech-re-catherine-helen-spence\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/interview-with-sylvia-kinder-sound-recording-interviewer-susan-magarey\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/a-history-of-the-australian-womens-movement-since-1967-summary-record-sound-recording-interviewers-kate-borrett-susan-magarey-deborah-worsley-pine-and-sarah-zetlein\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/address-by-dr-susan-magarey-sound-recording\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/women-in-politics-a-forum-in-the-centenary-year-of-womens-suffrage-sound-recording\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/womens-studies-tenth-anniversary-at-anu-dr-dorothy-broom-dr-jill-matthews-dr-susan-magarey-ms-wang-ying-ms-wu-lintao-ms-xu-xuehai-ms-liu-maoshu-ms-lian-lijuan-kathleen-taperell\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Shun Wah, Annette", "Entry ID": "AWE0299", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/shun-wah-annette\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Cairns, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Actor, Author, Host", "Summary": "A fourth-generation Chinese Australian, Shun Wah is known for hosting ABC & SBS programs Studio 22, The Big Picture, Image, Eat Carpet, The Noise and Media Dimensions.\nIn 1996, she was nominated for an AFI award in 'Best Performance by an Actor in a Supporting Role' for acting debut in Floating Life.\nShe is the co-author with Greg Aitkin of the publication Banquet: 10 Courses to Harmony.\n(Sources: http:\/\/www.amida.com.au\/profiles\/1001.diffe.html accessed 18\/02\/02; http:\/\/www.anu.edu\/pad\/community\/literary\/pastlitevents\/Text\/shun-wah.html accessed 18\/02\/02 and http:\/\/www.thei.aust.com\/isite\/cellfloatlife.html accessed 18\/02\/02)\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/contemporary-australian-women-1996-97\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/", "Archival Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/annette-shun-wah-interviewed-by-diana-giese-for-the-post-war-chinese-australians-oral-history-project-sound-recording\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Spearritt, Katherine Louise (Katie)", "Entry ID": "AWE0300", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/spearritt-katherine-louise-katie\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Brisbane, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Businesswoman, Feminist", "Summary": "Katie Spearritt completed her PhD in Industrial Relations and became E-commerce consultant at Hewlett-Packard.\nShe joined the Women's Electoral Lobby in 1993 and is founding convenor of the Young Feminists Group, Women's Electoral Lobby (Victoria).\nIn 1988 Spearritt was award the University Medal, University of Queensland and the Australian PostGrad Research Award in 1993.\n(Source: http:\/\/www.arts.monash.edu.au\/ws\/research\/projects\/women_changing.html accessed 01\/02\/02; http:\/\/www.buseco.monash.edu.au\/Centres\/NKCIR\/Update\/Issue2\/news05.html accessed 01\/02\/02 and Contemporary Australian Women 1996\/97)\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/contemporary-australian-women-1996-97\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Ward, Barbara", "Entry ID": "AWE0314", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/ward-barbara\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Gympie, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Businesswoman", "Summary": "Barbara Ward was born on February 12, 1954 in Gympie, Queensland, educated at Aspley State High School and studied Economics at the University of Queensland.\nBarbara was advisor to the Hon Paul Keating, MP between 1979 and 1985. ( Keating was Treasurer of Australia between 1983 and 1991).\nBarbara held various positions with TNT Finance between 1985 and 1993 and then was Chief Executive of Ansett Worldwide Aviation Services 1993-97.\nBarbara has been Chairman of North Power since 2000 and a director of the Commonwealth Bank since 1994.\n(Source: Herd, Margaret (editor) Who's Who in Australia, 2002, 38th edition, Crown Content, Melbourne.)\n[NB: the above biography was researched and written by Philida Sturgiss-Hoy]\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/contemporary-australian-women-1996-97\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/whos-who-in-australia-2002\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Hammer, Julie Margaret", "Entry ID": "AWE0319", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/hammer-julie-margaret\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Brisbane, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Servicewoman", "Summary": "Julie Hammer was the first woman to command an operational unit in the RAAF, the Electronic Warfare Squadron, and was awarded a Conspicuous Service Cross for that command. She was the recipient of the 1996 Association of Old Crows (Australian Chapter) Award for Distinguished Service to Electronic Warfare. She was awarded the 2001 Sir Charles Kingsford Smith Memorial Medal by the Royal Aeronautical Society to recognise her contribution to Australian aerospace and delivered the 2001 Kingsford Smith Memorial Lecture. She is a Fellow of the Institution of Engineers Australia, a Fellow of the Royal Aeronautical Society and a Graduate of the Australian Institute of Company Directors. She was the first woman in the RAAF to become a member of the General List on promotion to Group Captain 1996, and the first serving woman in the history of the Australian Defence Force to be promoted to One Star level, on promotion to Air Commodore in 1999. She served for three years from 1996 to 1998 as one of the Prime Minister's representatives on the Governor General's Australian Bravery Awards Council.\n", "Details": "Julie Hammer completed her schooling in Brisbane and in 1971 was placed 8th in the State of Queensland in the Senior Public (Matriculation) Examination. She joined the Royal Australian Air Force in 1977 after completing a B.Sc. (Hons) in Physics at the University of Queensland. Initially an Education Officer, she transferred to the Engineer Branch in 1981 shortly after that employment was opened to women. In her early career as a junior officer, she was a staff member at the Engineer Cadet Squadron, instructed in electronics at the School of Radio, managed deep level maintenance on F-111, Iroquois, Chinook and Canberra aircraft at Amberley, and worked at Headquarters Support Command in the engineering management of avionics equipment for the RAAF fleet. She was promoted to Squadron Leader in June 1985.\n In 1987, after 16 months study at RAF Cranwell, UK and completion of an M.Sc. in Aerosystems Engineering, Julie Hammer returned to Canberra and served as a technical intelligence analyst in the Joint Intelligence Organisation. She subsequently worked on a major Electronic Warfare project, the P-3C ESM Project, first as project engineer and then, after promotion to Wing Commander, as project manager. In 1992, she assumed command of the Electronic Warfare Squadron in Adelaide and served in that post for three years.\n Returning to Canberra in 1996 and completing a Graduate Diploma in Strategic Studies at the Joint Services Staff College, Julie Hammer was promoted to Group Captain and again posted into major projects, this time as the Project Director of a number of command and control projects. During this period, she was seconded for four months to serve on the Science and Technology Team of the Defence Efficiency Review. Throughout 1999, she was the sole Australian student at the prestigious Royal College of Defence Studies in London, completing that 12 month course in strategic and international studies with 83 fellow course members from 38 nations. Returning to Australia in December 1999 on promotion to Air Commodore, she assumed duties as Director General Information Services, responsible for the operations and support of Defence's fixed communications networks and computer systems throughout Australia. In December 2001 she became the Commandant of the Australian Defence Force Academy, where midshipmen and officer cadets from all three Services are provided with a balanced and liberal university education in a military environment.\nJulie Hammer was the first woman to command an operational unit in the RAAF, the Electronic Warfare Squadron, and was awarded a Conspicuous Service Cross for that command. She was awarded the 2001 Sir Charles Kingsford Smith Memorial Medal by the Royal Aeronautical Society to recognise her contribution to Australian aerospace and delivered the 2001 Kingsford Smith Memorial Lecture. She is the only woman in the history of the Australian Defence Force to have achieved 'starred' rank. In 2002, she was appointed by the Minister Assisting the Prime Minister for the Status of Women to be one of Australia's Honouring Women Ambassadors. She was awarded the 2003 Alumnus of the Year of the University of Queensland to recognise her contribution to her profession.\nOn 26 January 2004 Air Vice Marshal Julie Hammer was appointed a Member of the Order of Australia for exceptional service in the fields of electronics engineering in Defence, and military education as the Commandant of the Australian Defence Force Academy.\n", "Events": "Inducted into the Victorian Honour Roll of Women (2001 - 2001)", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/where-are-the-women-in-australian-science-2\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/engineers-in-our-community\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/julie-hammer-commandant-wife-daughter-engineer-role-model\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/julie-hammer-the-most-senior-woman-in-the-australian-defence-forces\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/air-vice-marshal-julie-hammer-is-uqs-2003-alumni-ace\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/julie-hammer-air-vice-marshal\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/from-lady-denman-to-katy-gallagher-a-century-of-womens-contributions-to-canberra\/", "Archival Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/biographical-cuttings-on-julie-hammer-airforce-officer-containing-one-or-more-cuttings-from-newspapers-or-journals\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Sherry, Ann Caroline", "Entry ID": "AWE0379", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/sherry-ann-caroline\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Gympie, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Bureaucrat, Businesswoman", "Summary": "First Assistant Secretary, Office of the Status of Women 1993-1994.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/whos-who-in-australia-2002\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/from-lady-denman-to-katy-gallagher-a-century-of-womens-contributions-to-canberra\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/the-encyclopedia-of-women-and-leadership-in-twentieth-century-australia\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Pender, Beryl Elizabeth", "Entry ID": "AWE0404", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/pender-beryl-elizabeth\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Gympie, Queensland, Australia", "Death Place": "Auchenflower, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Community worker", "Summary": "During World War II Beryl Pender was superintendent in Queensland of the Australian Women's Land Army (AWLA). She was previously with the Queensland Public Service and secretary to the Queensland Trade Commission. Pender was the first married woman to be readmitted to the public service on the outbreak of the war. Following the war she maintained an interest in the 'land girls' and helped with the organising of the 30-year reunion and a short history of the organisation.\n", "Events": "Administrator with Building & Industrial Suppliers Pty Ltd (1950 - 1950) \nAppointed administrative officer with the Australian Women's Land Army (Queensland) (1942 - 1942) \nAppointed State superintendent of the Australian Women's Land Army (Queensland) (1943 - 1943) \nDivorced (1946 - 1946) \nJoined the Queensland Public Service (1920 - 1920) \nMarried grazier Daniel Matthew McLeish (1946 - 1946) \nMarried solicitor Edward Francis Pender (1939 - 1939)", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/mcleish-beryl-elizabeth-1902-1974\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Pocock, Mary Anne (Bessie)", "Entry ID": "AWE0418", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/pocock-mary-anne-bessie\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Dalby, Queensland, Australia", "Death Place": "Grafton, New South Wales, Australia", "Occupations": "Nurse, Servicewoman", "Summary": "A member of the New South Wales Army Nursing Service Reserve (NSWANSR), Bessie Pocock served in the Boer War. She was awarded the Queen's and the King's South Africa medals and mentioned in despatches. Once again Pocock enlisted in the defence force at the outbreak of World War I. Serving in Cairo and Ismailia (Egypt) Pocock was later a matron on hospital ships. On 2 May 1916 Bessie Pocock was awarded the Royal Red Cross Medal (2nd class) for her service with the Australian Army Nursing Service (AANS).\n", "Details": "Before commencing her nursing training at Sydney Hospital in 1890, Bessie Pocock worked as a domestic. Upon completion she joined the hospital staff as a Sister. In 1899 Pocock became a member of the New South Wales Army Nursing Service Reserve (NSWANSR) and served in the Boer War being posted to hospitals in London, Johannesburg and Middleburg. She was mentioned in despatches and awarded the Queen's and the King's South Africa medals. After the war she returned to her position at the Sydney Hospital. From 1907 until 1911 Bessie became matron of the Newcastle Hospital and later (1911-1914) at Gladesville.\nDuring World War I Pocock served with the Australian Imperial Force (AIF) in hospitals at Cairo and Ismailia (Egypt). She was then matron of the Hospital Ship Assaye before being stationed at Marseilles and Wimereux (France), followed by Trois Arbres (Belgium), and then Boulogne and England. On 2 May 1916 Sister Bessie Pocock was awarded the Royal Red Cross Medal (2nd class) and she had been twice mentioned in despatches.\nAfter the war Pocock returned to Gladesville Hospital as matron. Before retiring she set up a convalescent hospital at Chatswood called 'Ismailia.' She remained an active member of the Australasian Trained Nurses' Association of which she became a life member as well as the Australian Army Nursing Service Reserve.\nBessie Pocock never married and was looked after by her nieces until she died on 16 July 1946.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/pocock-mary-anne-bessie-1863-1946\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/the-diggers-makers-of-the-australian-military-tradition\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/australian-nurses-in-the-boer-war\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/just-wanted-to-be-there-australian-service-nurses-1899-1999\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/nightingales-in-the-mud-the-digger-sisters-of-the-great-war-1914-1918\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/", "Archival Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/nominal-rolls-and-lists-of-medals-and-clasps-for-new-south-wales-military-forces-who-served-in-boer-war\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/nursing-sisters-including-sister-mary-a-bessie-pocock-far-left-back-row-mounted-on-camels-in-front-of-the-sphinx\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "O'Neil, Pamela Frances", "Entry ID": "AWE0451", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/oneil-pamela-frances\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Brisbane, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Feminist, Tribunal Member", "Summary": "Pamela O'Neil was Australia's first Sex Discrimination Commissioner.\n", "Events": "Appointed, Northern Territory representative to the CSIRO Committee on Information and Social Impact (1983 - 1983) \nAttended All Hallows' School, Queensland (1958 - 1962) \nAttended Queensland University (1963 - 1965) \nBiochemist with the Commonwealth Health Laboratory, Darwin (1966 - 1969) \nBorn: daughter of John Patrick and Lurline Margaret Patfield Caffery (1945 - 1945) \nChairperson of the Migration Agents Licensing Board (1996 - 1998) \nCommonwealth Sex Discrimination Commissioner (1984 - 1988) \nDeputy Opposition Leader, Northern Territory (1981 - 1983) \nDirector of the Australian Heritage Commission (1989 - 1989) \nHead of the Commonwealth Paedophile Inquiry (1996 - 1997) \nMember Legislative Assembly, Australian Labor Party, for Fannie Bay, Northern Territory (1977 - 1983) \nMember of the Committee for the Review of the System of Review of Migration Decisions (1992 - 1992) \nMember of the Executive Committee, Australian Institute Administrative Law (1991 - 1993) \nMember of the Human Rights and Equal Opportunity Commission (1986 - 1988) \nMember of the National Native Title Tribunal (1996 - 1999) \nPresident of the Royal Institute of Public Administration, ACT Division (1992 - 1993) \nPrincipal Member of the Immigration Review Tribunal (1989 - 1995) \nSenior Member of the Administrative Appeals Tribunal, ACT (1996 - 2009) \nVisiting Scholar of the Centre for International and Public Law at the Australian National University (1998 - 1998)", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/whos-who-in-australia-2002\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/where-are-the-women-in-australian-science-2\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/from-lady-denman-to-katy-gallagher-a-century-of-womens-contributions-to-canberra\/", "Archival Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/personalities-bob-hawke-with-sex-discrimination-commissioner-pam-oneill-1984\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Abbott, Joan Stevenson (Judy)", "Entry ID": "AWE0455", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/abbott-joan-stevenson-judy\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Normanby Hill, Queensland, Australia", "Death Place": "Bethesda Hospital Corinda, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Nurse, Servicewoman", "Summary": "Judy Abbott was awarded the Royal Red Cross, 1st Class on 18 February 1943 for her leadership while matron with the 2\/6 Australian General Hospital in the Middle East and Greece. After the war Abbott won the 1946 Florence Nightingale International Foundation scholarship, and studied at the Royal College of Nursing, London for 18 months. In 1948 she returned to her pre-war position on the tutorial staff at the Brisbane Hospital.\nAbbott was appointed principal matron of the Citizen Military Forces and served with the 1st Camp Hospital, Brisbane, for a short time during the Korean War. From 1954 until 1956 she was president of the Australasian Trained Nurses' Association (Queensland Branch) and a member of the Queensland State Nurses and Masseurs Registration Board. Nearing the end of her career, she worked as a staff nurse with the Commonwealth Savings Bank for five years and then in a doctors' surgery before retiring in 1970.\nJudy Abbott fractured her spine in 1975 and suffered quadriplegia. After her death on 27th November her body was given to the school of anatomy, University of Queensland.\n", "Events": "2\/6 A.G.H. expanded from 600 to 1500 beds (1942 - 1942) \nAppointed honorary Colonel of the Royal Australian Army Nursing Corps (1962 - 1962) \nAppointed principal matron of the Citizen Military Forces at the Northern Command headquarters (1948 - 1948) \nAwarded gold medal for theoretical and practical work (1923 - 1923) \nAwarded the Florence Nightingale medal (1957 - 1957) \nAwarded the Royal Red Cross Medal, 1st Class (1943 - 1943) \nBecame principal matron (1944 - 1944) \nBorn: daughter of John William and Isabella (n\u00e9e Stevenson) Abbott (1899 - 1899) \nCompleted general nursing certificate (1924 - 1924) \nCompleted State child-welfare course (1925 - 1925) \nDied: Bethesda Hospital and her body was given to the school of anatomy, University of Queensland (1975 - 1975) \nDisembarked with 55 nurses and masseuses to Greece (1941 - 1941) \nEmployed as a tutor sister by the Brisbane and South Coast Hospitals Board (1929 - 1929) \nEmployed briefly by the Canberra Community Hospital (1937 - 1937) \nEnlisted in the Australian Army at Windsor, Qld. Appointed matron of the 2\/6 Australian General Hospital (1940 - 1940) \nMember of the Queensland State Nurses and Masseurs Registration Board (1955 - 1958) \nMember of the tutorial staff of the Brisbane Hospital (1948 - 1948) \nNursing staff handled 615 admissions and 235 discharges in one day (1942 - 1942) \nObtained midwifery certificate at the Lady Bowen Hospital, Wickham Terrace, Brisbane (1924 - 1924) \nOrdered to evacuate to Alexandria, Egypt (1941 - 1941) \nPresident of the Australasian Trained Nurses' Association (Queensland Branch) (1954 - 1956) \nProbationer at the Brisbane General Hospital (1920 - 1920) \nPromoted to Lieutenant Colonel and posted to the Queensland Lines of Communication Area (1943 - 1943) \nRepatriated to Australia (1943 - 1943) \nTemporarily located at Jerusalem (1941 - 1942) \nTravelled in England (1937 - 1940) \nWinner of the Florence Nightingale International Foundation scholarship and studied for 18 months at the Royal College of Nursing, London (1946 - 1946) \nWorked in baby clinics (1926 - 1928)", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/whos-who-in-australia-1944\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/abbott-joan-stevenson-1899-1975\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/abbott-joan-stevenson\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/where-are-the-women-in-australian-science-2\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/", "Archival Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/abbott-joan-stevenson-service-number-qx6397-date-of-birth-11-dec-1899-place-of-birth-brisbane-qld-place-of-enlistment-unknown-next-of-kin-lewis-s\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/abbott-joan-stevenson-date-of-enlistment-19-august-1940-date-of-discharge-21-june-1946\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/recommendation-for-award-for-abbott-joan-stevenson-rank-matron\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Provan, Frances Betty", "Entry ID": "AWE0464", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/provan-frances-betty\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Spring Hill, Queensland, Australia", "Death Place": "Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Servicewoman", "Summary": "Frances Provan was one of the first 14 females posted to HMAS Harman, the communications station in Canberra, on 28 April 1941, making her one of the first members of the Women's Royal Australian Naval Service (WRANS).\n", "Details": "After completing her education, Frances Provan worked as a trainee-teacher, nurse and governess. She moved from Queensland to Sydney and trained as a wireless telegraphist with the Women's Emergency Signalling Corps, which had been established by Florence McKenzie. Provan was one of the first 14 females posted to HMAS Harman, the communications station in Canberra, on 28 April 1941. Her official number was WR\/1.\nIn September 1941 Provan was promoted to leading telegraphist and then petty officer telegraphist in December 1942. She attended the first WRANS officers' training course at Flinders Naval Depot, Victoria and was appointed third officer on 15 February 1943.\nIn June 1945 Provan was posted as officer-in-charge of the only draft of WRANS to serve in an operational zone, in Darwin. During her time in the navy she also served at bases in New South Wales and Queensland. Provan was stationed at HMAS Lonsdale, Melbourne, when she was discharged on 17 October 1946.\nAfter the war she travelled to England and became manager of the London office of the Melbourne firm, Jackson's United Meat Co. Pty Ltd. In 1963 after Provan had made a business trip to Melbourne, she died (21 June) while on her way to visit her mother.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/provan-frances-betty-2\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/provan-frances-betty-3\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/w-r-a-n-s-the-womens-royal-australian-naval-service\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/ships-belles-the-story-of-the-womens-royal-australian-naval-service-in-war-and-peace-1941-1985\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/belconnen-wireless-station-duntroon-harman-raaf-stations-1943\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/provan-frances-betty-1911-1963\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/", "Archival Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/members-of-the-first-wrans-officer-training-corps\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/senior-wrans-from-hmas-harman-naval-wireless-station-at-the-fourth-birthday-of-the-service\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Penman, Alice Maud", "Entry ID": "AWE0476", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/penman-alice-maud\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Rockhampton, Queensland, Australia", "Death Place": "Sydney, New South Wales, Australia", "Occupations": "Community worker, Servicewoman", "Summary": "President of the Women's Services Sub-Branch of the RSL, Alice Penman served with the Australian Army during World War II. She served in the Middle East as a Voluntary Aid Detachment member and then in Far North Queensland. Penman later served with the Australian Army Medical Women's Service (AAMWS) after the Government of the time decided to distinguish between military and non-military Voluntary Aids.\nDuring the 'Australia Remembers, 1945-1995' celebrations Penman participated in a number of functions emphasizing the work carried out by the Voluntary Aid Detachment Red Cross members.\nOn 13 June 1993 she was awarded the Medal of the Order of Australia for service to veterans particularly through the Returned & Services League New South Wales and to the Friends of the Northcott Neurological Centre.\n", "Events": "Along with a number of other Voluntary Aids from World War II, Alice Penman spoke about her wartime experiences at a commemorative luncheon as part of the 'Australia Remembers, 1945-1995' celebrations (1995 - 1995) \nAn Army Camp established at Bathurst and VADs worked in canteens, sewed a garment a week for the Red Cross, sold buttons and worked in local and camp hospitals (1939 - 1939) \nAssistant Commandant at Haberfield VAD (1947 - 1947) \nAwarded the Medal of the Order of Australia (1993 - 1993) \nBrown Owl of the 2nd Beecroft Brownies (1952 - 1952) \nFamily moved to Gilgandra, NSW. Joined the Red Cross and Country Women's Association (1962 - 1962) \nFoundation member of the Bathurst Voluntary Aid Detachment (VAD) (1937 - 1937) \nJoined Women's Services Sub-Branch RSL, and has served in a number of offices including being Women's State Councillor on State Council for 2 years (1946 - 1946) \nOrganised, with the help of Girl Guides, a memorabilia display at St Ives Shopping Centre as part of the 'Australia Remembers, 1945-1995' celebrations (1995 - 1995) \nPresident of the Women's Services Sub-Branch RSL (1995 - 1995) \nSelected to join the Australian Infantry Force (AIF) for service overseas (1941 - 1941) \nServed in Atherton, North Queensland (1943 - 1945) \nServed with the 2\/6 Australian General Hospital at Gaza, Palestine (1941 - 1943) \nVolunteer at the National Artillery Museum at North Fort. Has dressed two static models, one representing the Australian Women's Army Service (AWAS), whose members served at the Fort during World War II and the other wearing a VAD uniform (1987 - 1987) \nWar ended (1945 - 1945)", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/penman-alice-maud-2\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/collection-of-poetry-from-the-memorabilia-of-alice-penman-oam\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/their-sacrifice-australia-remembers-1945-1995\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/", "Archival Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/penman-alice-maud-service-number-nx76505-date-of-birth-17-mar-1918-place-of-birth-rockhampton-qld-place-of-enlistment-unknown-next-of-kin-burns-arthur\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/alice-maud-penman-nee-burns-as-a-corporal-served-gaza-ridge-palestine-and-2-6th-australia-general-hospital-atherton-qld-interviewed-by-edward-stokes-for-the-keith-murdoch-sound-archive-of-austral\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/corporal-alice-penman-with-private-h-e-emily-lewis\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/group-portrait-of-members-of-the-first-vad-voluntary-aid-detachment-contingent-to-travel-overseas\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/kilo-89-camp-gaza-ridge-palestine-c-december-1941-the-four-voluntary-aid-detachment-vad-occupants-of-tent-no-9-stand-in-front-of-their-quarters\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/studio-portrait-of-nx76505-alice-burns-voluntary-aid-detachment-vad\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Williams, Meta Talbot", "Entry ID": "AWE0483", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/williams-meta-talbot\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Brisbane, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Community worker", "Summary": "On 29 June 1985 Meta Williams was appointed to the Order of the British Empire - Officer (Civil) (OBE) for services to the Girl Guide Movement.\nWilliams' association with Guiding commenced at the end of 1930 when she became a member of the 1st Coorparoo Company (23rd Brisbane) and was enrolled in early 1931. She went on to hold a variety of positions at local, state and national levels.\nIn 1984 Williams researched and complied the publication The Continuing Challenge: a history of Queensland Guiding from 1919-84 which was launched by Senator Lady Bjelke-Petersen. This was followed by The Continuing Challenge Part 11 1984-91 in 1992 as well as histories of four former State Commissioners' terms of office.\nWilliams was also a member of the state executive of the YWCA Queensland, member of the Victoria League for Commonwealth Friendship in Queensland and the Pan-Pacific and South-East Asia Women's Association (Queensland).\nIn March 1981 Meta Williams was honoured in being elected Mother of the Year (Queensland).\n", "Events": "Assistant State Archivist of the Girl Guides Association of Queensland (1987 - 1992) \nAustralian Policy, Organisation and Rules Co-ordinator of the Girl Guides Association (1974 - 1975) \nAwarded the Red Kangaroo for Guiding (1969 - 1969) \nBorn: daughter of Hubert Lethbridge and Gladys Elwyn Talbot Deshon (1918 - 1918) \nChairman of the State Executive of the Girl Guides Association of Queensland (1976 - 1981) \nDivision Commissioner of the Girl Guides Association of Queensland (1961 - 1965) \nGuide Leader of the Girl Guides Association of Queensland (1936 - 1944) \nHonorary Treasurer of the Victoria League for Commonwealth Friendship in Queensland (1982 - 1985) \nMarried: Roderick Guildford Williams and they had one daughter (1943 - 1943) \nMember of the Australian Executive Girl Guides Association of Australia (1976 - 1981) \nMember of the Girl Guides Association of Queensland (1930 - ) \nMember of the Pan-Pacific and South East Asia Women's Association of Australia Inc Queensland Branch (1976 - 1987) \nMember of the State Council of the Girl Guides Association of Queensland (1961 - 1990) \nMember of the YWCA Queensland (1980 - 1991) \nMember of United Nations Queensland Branch (1981 - 1991) \nQueensland Mother of the Year (1981 - 1981) \nRegion Commissioner of the Girl Guides Association of Queensland (1972 - 1973) \nState Camping Advisor of the Girl Guides Association of Queensland (1970 - 1972) \nState Commissioner of the Girl Guides Association of Queensland (1976 - 1981) \nState Guide Advisor (1965 - 1970) \nState Headquarters Commissioner of the Girl Guides Association of Queensland (1973 - 1976) \nState Treasurer of the YWCA Queensland (1981 - 1986) \nVice-President of the State Council of the Girl Guides Association of Queensland (1981 - 1986)", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/whos-who-in-australia-2002\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/state-commissioner-1976-1981\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/the-continuing-challenge-part-2-a-brief-history-of-the-progression-and-achievements-of-the-girl-guides-association-queensland-australia-july-1984-march-1991\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/lady-macartney-state-commissioner-1919-1945-the-first-twenty-five-years\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/mrs-lilian-gresham-mbe-state-commissioner-1945-1954-the-post-war-reconstruction-era\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/mrs-meta-williams-obe-state-commissioner-1976-1981-the-progressive-seventies\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/mrs-joie-dwyer-state-commissioner-1986-1991-challenge-and-achievement\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Gordon, Margaret Bracken", "Entry ID": "AWE0512", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/gordon-margaret-bracken\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Brisbane, Queensland, Australia", "Death Place": "Brisbane, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Community worker", "Events": "Chairman if the Federal Women's Committee of the Liberal Party (1958 - 1959) \nChairman of the State Women's Council, Queensland Division, of the Liberal Party (1955 - 1960) \nFederal Vice-president of the Women's Committee for the Liberal Party (1959 - 1961) \nFoundation member of the War Widows' Guild of Australia (1948 - 1948) \nState President of the War Widows' Guild of Queensland (1950 - 1953)", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/whos-who-in-australia-1971\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Hartshorn, Alma Elizabeth", "Entry ID": "AWE0528", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/hartshorn-alma-elizabeth\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Brisbane, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Lecturer, Servicewoman", "Summary": "Alma Hartshorn was a member of the Australian Student Christian Movement before she joined the Australian Women's Army Service on 14 December 1942. She attended the first officer's school and was later posted as Assistant Commandant Northern Command with the rank of Captain. Hartshorn was discharged on 1 March 1945. \nFollowing the war, Hartshorn became a lecturer in Social Work at the University of Queensland. A member of the AWAS Association Qld, she became patron in 1995. For her academic and professional work, Alma Hartshorn was awarded an OAM (Member of the Order of Australia) on 26 January 1983, as well as a Fullbright Scholarship.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/milestone-in-education-for-social-work-the-carnegie-experiment-1954-1958\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/national-compensation-and-rehabilitation\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/old-people-at-home-an-exploratory-study-of-the-aged-population-in-the-city-of-brisbane\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/the-presentation-of-old-age-in-selected-twentieth-century-australian-novels\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/hartshorn-alma-elizabeth-2\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/", "Archival Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/alma-e-hartshorn-papers%e2%86%b5papers-1930-1984-manuscript\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Bryce, Joan Elvina", "Entry ID": "AWE0529", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/bryce-joan-elvina\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Brisbane, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Servicewoman", "Summary": "A member of the original Australian Women's Army Service Officer's School, Joan Bryce was appointed Assistant Commandant. She was discharged on 12 February 1946 with the rank of Lieutenant.\nWhen established in 1981, Joan Bryce became the first patron of the AWAS Association of Queensland.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/bryce-joan-elvina-2\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Skov, Dorathea Jane", "Entry ID": "AWE0530", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/skov-dorathea-jane\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Brisbane, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Servicewoman", "Summary": "Dorathea Skov joined the Australian Women's Army Service (AWAS) after seeing an advertisement for girls interested in becoming army officers in 1941. Prior to enlisting Skov had been secretary of a variety of sporting bodies and suburban church groups as well as being interested in the YWCA. She became a member of the original Officer's School and was later appointed Assistant Commandant Northern Command. Early in 1942 Captain Skov was one of the officers who interviewed candidates to enlist in the AWAS, visiting sixteen outback centres per week in the busiest period.\nDorathea Skov was the Queensland representative on the Sybil Irving Memorial Fund Committee.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/skov-dorathea-jane-2\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/australian-women-at-war\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Byth, Elsie Frances", "Entry ID": "AWE0598", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/byth-elsie-frances\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Brisbane, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Community worker, Women's rights activist, Women's rights organiser", "Summary": "During World War II Elsie Byth was an executive and\/or committee member of a number of organisations. President of the National Council of Women of Australia in 1944 and the National Council of Women of Queensland (1940-1945). She was vice-president of the Australian Comforts Fund in 1940 and the Women's Voluntary National Register; member of the management committee for the Queensland Patriotic Fund; member of the War Saving committee and the War Accommodation committee. Married to solicitor George Leonard Byth (Len) in 1917, they had four children. Her hobbies included music, flowers and fine needlework.\n", "Details": "Elsie Byth was president of the National Council of Women of Australia from 1945 to 1948 and the National Council of Women of Queensland (1940-1945, 1948-1952). As national president, the first Queenslander to hold the position, she saw the NCWA through the final stages of the Second World War, the beginnings of postwar reconstruction and the re-establishment of international links via the International Council of Women. Active in the Australian National Committee of the UN (ANCUN), she was Australia's second delegate to the Status of Women Commission in 1949. She maintained her commitment to international cooperation for the remainder of her life through the United Nations Association of Australia and also through the Pan Pacific and South East Asian Women's Association. She was responsible for the NCWA's first major engagement in the Asia-Pacific region when she organised a 'Pacific Assembly' in Brisbane in September 1948.\nElsie Frances Byth was the daughter of John Gasteen of Brisbane. She was born in Brisbane on 14 September 1890 and educated at Brisbane Girls' Grammar School and the University of Sydney. On 10 August 1917, Elsie married George L. Byth and they had 3 sons and 1 daughter.\nElsie Byth performed a wide variety of roles in the National Council of Women, state and federal. She was president of the National Council of Women of Queensland from 1940 to 1945 and, again, 1948-1952. In between these terms of office in her home state, she was president of the Australian Council (1945-1948)-a critical period that included the end of the war and postwar reconstruction. During her presidency, the 1946 conference agree to a Launceston delegate's request to allow branches that had 'attained a sufficiently large affiliation as almost to equal in importance the parent Council in the capital city' to communicate directly with the Australian secretary and international secretary, a step that was to create difficulties with regard to Tasmanian representation for the next 60 years. After her term had finished, Byth became a state delegate (1951, 1954) to the NCWA, an NCWA representative at the Pan Pacific Women's Conference in Christchurch, New Zealand (1952), and Australian convenor for Radio and Television (1954).\nElsie Byth was especially active in the international outreach of the Council movement, leading the NCWA during the period of reengagement with the re-formed ICW after the war. Under her presidency, the NCWA telegraphed a resolution to the secretary of the United Nations conference in San Francisco in April 1945 to 'request in all future planning no discrimination against women on account sex and principle equality of status and opportunity be established for all citizens'. During 1946 and 1947, her board undertook the successful reestablishment of the Australian Liaison Committee of international women's organisations on the lines of the Liaison Committee operating in London, as well as participating in the rival Australian National Committee of the UN (ANCUN) established in 1947 with government support to promote UN ideals and provide names of suitable persons as representatives of Australia on international bodies. Byth was also responsible for inaugurating a regional focus among the Australian Councils with the sponsoring of a 'Pacific Assembly' in Brisbane in September 1948 for the purpose of increasing knowledge and understanding as well as promoting 'tolerance' an appreciation of 'interdependence' and the 'desire to be \"a good neighbour\"'. Opened by Senator Annabelle Rankin and addressed by such luminaries as Professor G.S. Browne, as well as representatives of embassies of countries in the Pacific region, the conference received wide press coverage, its final session resolving to recommend compulsory study of international affairs in Australian schools and universities. The event marked the beginning of the NCWA's identity as part of a regional network beyond the European and American spheres.\nElsie Byth was a member of the United Nations Association of Australia for 30 years serving in a variety of roles, including as president of the Queensland division 1945-59. In 1949, the Australian government chose Mrs Byth as its representative to attend the third session of the Status of Women Commission (CSW) in Beirut, Lebanon, from 21 March to 4 April, following Jessie Street (1947-48). She was selected from a 'panel of names' submitted by ANCUN. At the CSW meeting, the USSR representative, referring to the significant number of women in paid employment in her country, informed delegates that Australian women received only 50 per cent of men's wages. As the official Australian spokesperson at the Commission, Elsie Byth attempted to divert criticism of Australian government policy by stressing that the differences between men's and women's wages in Australia had declined during the past ten years. She advised delegates that an appropriately assessed 'family wage' would prevent the need for married women to search for work in order to 'supplement the family income'. Nevertheless, the majority of CSW delegates agreed to a resolution supporting equal pay. Following instructions, Byth abstained from voting, despite her personal commitment, and that of NCWA, to the principle.\nThe position Byth was obliged to take was consistent with the Labor government's view that the ILO was the appropriate body to discuss 'rates of pay, hours and conditions of work for both sexes'. Byth's confidential report to the Australian government after her attendance at the CSW sessions explains this further, indicating that she followed the Department of External Affairs' instructions to counter communist accusations directed towards Australia's industrial relations system and that of other British Commonwealth countries. It seems highly probable that Byth's advisor, Eileen Powell, as a former employee of the Department of Labour and National Service, was entrusted with the task of ensuring that Byth supported the Australian government's position. This government attitude to the question of equal pay continued to be a problem faced by Australian women delegates to CSW during the 1950s and 60s. Within Australia, Byth and her successors continued to agitate for remuneration without discrimination based on sex.\nElsie Byth was also involved in a great many other community organisations in a voluntary role, for example, UNICEF, Brisbane Women's Club (president 1933-1936), the Queensland division of the Australian Comforts Fund (vice-president 1940-1945), the wartime state Women's Voluntary National Register (vice-president), the Management Committee of the Queensland Patriotic Club, and the War Savings Committee. She also held a number of government appointments for which she was nominated by the NCWA, for example, on the federal consultative committee on Imports Licensing Control, the Commonwealth Council of Medical Benefits Fund, and the ABC. She was appointed an Officer of the Order of the British Empire in 1953.\nPrepared by: Jan Hipgrave, Marian Quartly and Judith Smart\n", "Events": "Married G. Leonard Byth, they had 3 sons and 1 daughter (1917 - 1917) \nPresident of the Brisbane Women's Club (1933 - 1936) \nPresident of the National Council of Women of Australia (1944 - 1948) \nPresident of the National Council of Women of Queensland (1940 - 1945) \nVice-president of the Australian Comforts Fund (1940 - 1940)", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/whos-who-in-australia-1947\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/the-first-fifty-years-in-the-history-of-the-national-council-of-women-of-queensland\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/stirrers-with-style-presidents-of-the-national-council-of-women-of-australia-and-its-predecessors\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/on-the-way-to-beirut-status-of-women-commission\/", "Archival Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/national-council-of-women-of-australia-queensland-branch-mrs-g-l-blyth-brisbane\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/applications-for-positions-by-byth-elsie-frances\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/records-of-the-national-council-of-women-of-australia-1924-1990-manuscript\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/records-of-the-national-council-of-women-of-australia-1936-1972-manuscript\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/7266-national-council-of-women-of-queensland-minute-books-1905-2004\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Heagney, Muriel Agnes", "Entry ID": "AWE0599", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/heagney-muriel-agnes\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Brisbane, Queensland, Australia", "Death Place": "St Kilda, Victoria, Australia", "Occupations": "Political candidate, Trade unionist, Writer", "Summary": "Muriel Heagney worked tirelessly for the labour movement in various capacities during her long life. Her major commitment, however, was to achieve equal pay for women workers. Born into a labour family, she joined the Richmond branch of the Political Labour Council (later the Australian Labor Party - ALP) in 1906, and was a delegate to the Women's Central Organising Committee in 1909. Other positions she held included: membership of the Victorian central executive of the Australian Labor Party from 1926-1927; secretary of the Women's Central Organising Committee; and ex officio member of the party's central executive in 1955. She was a founding member of the Council of Action for Equal Pay which was established in Sydney in 1937 under the auspices of the New South Wales branch of the Federated Clerks' Union and was secretary for most of its existence. It disbanded in 1948. She returned to Victoria in 1950 and continued to maintain her union and political interests into the 1960s. Her publications include Are women taking men's jobs?, (1935), Equal pay for the sexes, (1948), Arbitration at the crossroads, (1954). She died in poverty in St Kilda in May 1974.\n", "Details": "Heagney made two attempts to enter an Australian parliament. She made her first attempt in 1933 when she stood as an ALP candidate in the by-election for the state Legislative Assembly seat of Boroondara, which was held on 29 April. This was and remains a conservative seat. She was placed second in a field of seven on the primary vote, with 20.54 per cent of the vote, but on the two-party preferred count she was placed third, with 24.36 per cent of the vote, after the winner Trevor Oldham (United Australia Party) and James Nettleton, another United Australia Party candidate. This was a creditable performance as the ALP had not fielded a candidate for that seat in the 1932 state election.\nShe made her second attempt in 1956 at the age of 70, when she stood unsuccessfully for ALP pre-selection to the Australian Senate.\n", "Events": "Inducted into the Victorian Honour Roll of Women (2001 - 2001)", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/are-women-taking-mens-jobs-a-survey-of-womens-work-in-victoria-with-special-regard-to-equal-status-equal-pay-and-equality-of-opportunity\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/arbitration-at-the-crossroads\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/heagney-muriel-agnes-1885-1975\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/muriel-heagney-and-the-council-of-action-for-equal-pay-1937-1948\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/in-the-cause-of-equality-muriel-heagney-and-the-position-of-women-in-the-depression\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/brazen-hussies-and-gods-police-fighting-back-in-the-depression-years-revised-version-of-article-published-in-hecate-v-8-no-1-1982\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/200-australian-women-a-redress-anthology\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/famine-relief-on-the-volga-muriel-heagneys-winter-sojourn\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/exercising-political-citizenship-muriel-heagney-and-the-australian-labor-party-1906-1914\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/carrying-on-the-fight-women-candidates-in-victorian-parliamentary-elections\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/heagney-muriel-agnes-1885-1974\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/heagney-patrick-reginald-1858-1922\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/the-encyclopedia-of-women-and-leadership-in-twentieth-century-australia\/", "Archival Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/papers-1936-1968-manuscript\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/jean-fleming-arnot-personal-and-professional-papers-1890-1995\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Hawthorn, Dorothy", "Entry ID": "AWE0617", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/hawthorn-dorothy\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Brisbane, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Servicewoman", "Summary": "Following her discharge from the Women's Auxiliary Australian Air Force (WAAAF) on 29 November 1945 Dorothy Hawthorn joined the Reserve of Officers.\nEducated at Brisbane Girls' High School and Sommerville House, Hawthorn had been Deputy State Commissioner for the Girl Guides' Association of Queensland, Secretary of the Federal Council for Girl Guides and worked for the Women's Voluntary National Register with the Red Cross and the Australian Comforts Fund. She was one of the first WAAAF Officers appointed in March 1941, firstly with the Air Board and then Adjunct and Barracks Officer at the WAAAF Training Depot, Malvern. She became Commanding Officer of the Training Section in Sydney, and later, Section Officer with a Training Group. In 1944 Hawthorn was promoted to Wing Officer whilst in command of No 1 Training Depot, Larundel, Preston Victoria. Subsequently she served as Section Officer WAAAF at the North Eastern Area Headquarters of the Royal Australian Air Force (RAAF).\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/hawthorn-dorothy-3\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/whos-who-in-australia-1947\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/", "Archival Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/hawthorn-dorothy-2\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Willmott, Joanne", "Entry ID": "AWE0689", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/willmott-joanne\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Cherbourg, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Aboriginal rights activist", "Summary": "Joanne Willmot was born at Cherbourg, Queensland. Living at the mission and later attending a state high school at Ipswich raised her political consciousness. A mother at the age of 17, Joanne moved to Adelaide in 1971, bringing her baby with her. She began work as a secretary with the Aboriginal Legal Rights Movement (ALRM) where she experienced both the excitement of being at the hub of Aboriginal activism and her growing awareness of sexism. Joanne left ALRM in 1976 to care for her family but maintained involvement in many Aboriginal organisations before taking up full time employment again with the Women's Information Switchboard in 1983.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/", "Archival Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/interview-with-joanne-willmot-sound-recording-interviewer-barbara-baird\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Carnell, Anne Katherine (Kate)", "Entry ID": "AWE0766", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/carnell-anne-katherine-kate\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Brisbane, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Chief Executive Officer, Parliamentarian, Pharmacist", "Summary": "Trained as a pharmacist in Brisbane, Kate Carnell came to Canberra in 1977, becoming one of the first woman pharmacy owners there in 1981. From 1982 she held positions in a number of professional organisations, including inaugural and first female president of the Australian Capital Territory Branch of the Pharmacy Guild of Australia 1988-94. Elected to the Legislative Assembly for the Australian Capital Territory in 1992 she became Liberal Leader in 1993 and Chief Minister from 1995 to 2000. Her subsequent positions include director of the NRMA and chief executive officer of the Australian Divisions of General Practice, the Australian Food and Grocery Council, Beyond Blue and the Australian Chamber of Commerce and Industry. She was the inaugural Small Business and Family Enterprise Ombudsman from 2016 to 2021. She subsequently held leadership positions on the boards of a number of community organisations.\n", "Details": "Kate Carnell was born in Brisbane on 30 May 1955, the eldest child of Dorothy n\u00e9e Grenning, and Donald Knowlman, an accountant and owner of a building company. Educated at Sherwood State School and St Aidan's Church of England Girls School, between the ages of 14 and 17 she struggled with anorexia. Her experience with other disturbed adolescents in the psychiatric ward of a Sydney hospital gave her a life-long interest in mental health issues. She initially enrolled in medicine at the University of Queensland then transferred to pharmacy, graduating as BPharm in 1976.\nFollowing her marriage to Ian Carnell in July 1977 she moved to Canberra where she worked first as a pharmacist at Woden Plaza before becoming one of the first women in Canberra to own a pharmacy in 1981 when she bought the Red Hill Pharmacy. In 1984 she acquired a second pharmacy at Gowrie. Her children were born in 1984 and 1986. She held positions in a number of professional organisations becoming chair of the Southern District Pharmacists Company 1982-92, vice president of the Retail Industry and Training Council of the ACT 1987-91, the first female\u00a0 and inaugural president of the ACT Branch of the Pharmacy Guild of Australia 1988-94, member of the ACT Pharmacy Registration Board 1985-91, counsellor at the Australian Institute of Pharmacy Management 1990-91, member of the ACT Board of Health 1990-91, member of the Pharmacy Restructuring Authority 1990-91, national vice president of\u00a0 the Pharmacy Guild of Australia and the first woman on its executive 1990-94, and board member of the Canberra Chamber of Commerce 1991-92.\nCarnell joined the Liberal Party in 1991 and the following year stood successfully as a Liberal candidate for the Legislative Assembly for the Australian Capital Territory. Elected Liberal leader in 1993, she became Chief Minister of the ACT following the 1995 election. During the period 1995-2000 she held the portfolios of Treasurer, Business and Employment 1997-98, the Status of Women, Aboriginal Affairs, Health and Community Affairs 1995-98, Arts and Multicultural and International Affairs 1995-2000. She established a sister city agreement with Beijing and pursued liberal social policies legalising abortion, prostitution, non-commercial surrogacy and decriminalising marijuana. She unsuccessfully attempted to introduce a heroin injecting room in the ACT. She aggressively promoted business investment and tourism to Canberra and the settlement of skilled migrants and refugees, particularly those from Kosovo in 1999. Her government was severely criticised for its management of the implosion of the Royal Canberra Hospital in July 1997 that resulted in the death of twelve-year-old Katy Bender. In 2000 she briefly served as Minister for Business Tourism and the Arts before resigning as Chief Minister of the ACT on 17 October that year, following a no-confidence vote over the funding of the Bruce Stadium development.\nAfter leaving politics Carnell became Chief Executive of Development at the Canberra-based telecommunications company TransACT before being elected a director of the National Roads and Motorists' Association (NRMA) in August 2001. She resigned from this position in 2002.\u00a0 In 2001 she was appointed chairperson of General Practice Education and Training Ltd by the health minister Michael Wooldridge and reappointed by his successor Tony Abbott in 2004. From 2001 to 2004 she was executive director of the National Association of Forest Industries. Between 2006 and 2008 she was chief executive officer of the Australian Divisions of General Practice and a board member of the Australian Red Cross 2006-11. She served as CEO of the Australian Food and Grocery Council 2008-12. Between 2008 and 2014 she was board director of Beyond Blue, a non-profit organisation supporting mental health and wellbeing and its CEO\u00a0 2012-14. She was CEO of the Australian Chamber of Commerce and Industry 2014-16 and inaugural Australian Small Business and Family Enterprise Ombudsman 2016-21. She chaired Racing and Sports from 2021-25 and has been chair of the disability and aged care support agency, Mable, since 2016. She is currently chair of the Australian Made Campaign Ltd; chair of Violet, a service providing advice on aged care planning; independent chair of Screen Producers Australia and is on the audit and risk committee of Beyond Blue.\nKate's marriage to Ian Carnell was dissolved in 1997 and in 2007 she married Ray Kiley.\nShe was a recipient of the 2001 Centenary Medal and in 2006 was appointed Officer in the Order of Australia 'for service to the community of the Australian Capital Territory through contributions to economic development and support for the business sector, knowledge industries, and medical technology advances.' In April 2013 she received an honorary doctorate from the University of Canberra and in 2019 she was named one of the Australian Financial Review's 100 Women of Influence in the Public Policy Category.\n", "Events": "Appointed inaugural Australian Small Business and Family Enterprise Ombudsman (2016 - 2016) \nAppointed Officer of Order of Australia (2006 - 2006) \nCEO of Australian Chamber of Commerce and Industry (ACCI) (2014 - 2016) \nChief Executive Officer Australian Food and Grocery Council (2008 - 2008) \nChief Executive Officer Australian General Practice Network (2006 - 2006) \nChief Executive Officer Beyond Blue (2012 - 2014) \nDeputy chair of the Red Cross 'Caring Across Canberra' Appeal (2002 - 2002) \nInaugural president of the Pharmacy Guild of Australia, Australian Capital Territory (ACT) Branch (1988 - 1994) \nLeader of the Liberal Party, Australian Capital Territory (ACT) (1993 - 2000) \nNational vice-president of the Pharmacy Guild of Australia, Australian Capital Territory (ACT) Branch (1990 - 1994) \nVice-president of the Australian Institute of Pharmacy Management (1987 - 1992) \n ( - ) \n ( - ) \n ( - )", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/whos-who-in-australia-2004\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/carnell-anne-katherine-kate-1955-biographical-entry\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/contemporary-australians-1995-96\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/where-are-the-women-in-australian-science-2\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/from-lady-denman-to-katy-gallagher-a-century-of-womens-contributions-to-canberra\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/the-encyclopedia-of-women-and-leadership-in-twentieth-century-australia\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/shades-of-blue-lunch-with-kate-carnell\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/oral-history-interview-with-kate-carnell-2006\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/consultation-commonsense-and-commitment-a-vision-for-the-government-in-the-act\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/kate-carnell-wikipedia-entry\/", "Archival Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/consultation-commonsense-and-commitment-a-vision-for-the-government-in-the-act\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Flick, Isabel Ann", "Entry ID": "AWE0960", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/flick-isabel-ann\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Goondiwindi, Queensland, Australia", "Death Place": "Australia", "Occupations": "Aboriginal rights activist, Community worker, Educator", "Summary": "Isabel Flick grew up in a camp in northern New South Wales, and worked on health, education and other social issues across the state. She helped establish Aboriginal housing in Collarenebri, New South Wales. She was a recipient of the Order of the British Empire for services to the community. Together with her sister Rose, she fought a long battle for the protection of the carved trees at the Collymongle Bora (male initiation) ground, northern New South Wales. The last four years before her death she lived in Gunnedah, New South Wales. She regularly travelled to Sydney to teach Aboriginal history at the Tranby Aboriginal College where she was on the Board of Directors.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/cataloguing-culture-in-search-of-the-origins-of-written-records-material-culture-and-oral-histories-of-the-gamaroi-northern-new-south-wales\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/isabel-flick-the-many-lives-of-an-extraordinary-aboriginal-woman\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/travelling-with-percy-a-south-coast-journey\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/flick-isabel\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/flick-isabelle\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/invasion-to-embassy-land-in-aboriginal-politics-in-new-south-wales-1770-1972\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/bicentennial-preliminaries-aboriginal-women-newspapers-and-the-politics-of-culture\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/inard-oongali-womens-journey\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/the-wailing-a-national-black-oral-history\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/obituaries-isabel-ann-flick\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/mourning-remembrance-and-the-politics-of-place-a-study-in-the-significance-of-collarenebri-aboriginal-cemetery\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/", "Archival Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/isabel-flick-gunnedah-13-september-1999-interview\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/group-photo-at-toomelah\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/in-our-time-photographs-from-the-movement-1970-1994\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Fesl, Eve Mumewa D.", "Entry ID": "AWE0974", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/fesl-eve-mumewa-d\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Academic, Associate professor, Author, Councillor, Director, Linguist, Track and Field Athlete", "Summary": "Eve Fesl is a former discus champion of Victoria and Queensland and a Queensland netball representative. In 1988 she received the Order of Australia Medal for her work with the ethnic community and maintenance of Aboriginal languages. She gained her PhD with her sociolinguistic study on language policy and implementation.\nFesl has been a local councillor for Nunawading, Victoria, and a member of a number of national bodies including the Advisory Council on Multicultural Affairs, the National Museum of Australia's Aboriginal Advisory Committee, the Aboriginal Literature Board and the Aboriginal Arts Board of the Australia Council.\nIn 1981 she became the first Aboriginal woman to be appointed Director of the Aboriginal Research Centre at Monash University, the position she currently holds. She also lectures in Koori and language studies, and she became an associate professor in 1992. In 1993 she published Conned! A Koori Perspective, a political history of the invasion and settlement of Australia from the Aboriginal point of view. She is author of numerous articles, book chapters, etc.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/some-aboriginal-women-pathfinders-their-difficulties-and-their-achievements\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/the-encyclopaedia-of-aboriginal-australia-aboriginal-and-torres-strait-islander-history-society-and-culture\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/conned\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/language-policy-formulation-and-implementation-manuscript-an-historical-perspective-of-australian-languages\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Watson, Roslyn", "Entry ID": "AWE1065", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/watson-roslyn\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Brisbane, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Choreographer, Dancer", "Summary": "Roslyn Watson is an Aboriginal Australian ballet dancer and choreographer of international renown. Born in Brisbane of Biri descent, she has danced in a number of Australian companies since beginning her career in the early 1970s. She has danced internationally, and with international companies, including the prestigious Dance Theatre of Harlem.\n", "Details": "Roslyn Watson was born in 1954 in Brisbane, of Biri descent. She commenced classical ballet training at the age of twelve in Brisbane. In 1969, she was awarded an Abstudy grant and entered the Australian Ballet School, Melbourne, where she studied under Kathleen Gorham. After graduating in 1972, she joined the Dance Theatre of New South Wales (later the Sydney Dance Company) and, having moved to New York, the following year she danced with the prestigious, all-black Dance Theatre of Harlem. \nReturning to Brisbane in 1975, Roslyn danced with the Queensland Ballet for three years before joining the Australian Dance Theatre (ADT) in Adelaide. She subsequently toured Southeast Asia and Europe with the ADT, and performed with the company at the Edinburgh Festival in 1980. Leaving the ADT in late 1981, she took up a tutoring position at the Aboriginal Islander Dance Theatre in Sydney. She went to Paris in 1982, and after mastering the language, she formed her own dance group, Company Brolga, which performed Images of Our Dreaming, which Roslyn herself had choreographed. \nShe returned to Brisbane in 1987 and has appeared in a variety of shows and has worked as a choreographer. In 1991, she established the Murri Dance Theatre in Brisbane, and in 1993 she worked on the production of an Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander ballet, titled Green Butterfly .\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/the-encyclopaedia-of-aboriginal-australia-aboriginal-and-torres-strait-islander-history-society-and-culture\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/murawina-australian-women-of-high-achievement\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Watson, Maureen", "Entry ID": "AWE1066", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/watson-maureen\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Rockhampton, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Aboriginal rights activist, Aboriginal storyteller, Actor, Singer", "Summary": "Maureen Watson was born in Rockhampton in 1930. Of Biri descent, spent her early life in rural Queensland, moving to Brisbane with her five sons in 1970. She became heavily involved in the struggle for indigenous right and justice throughout the 1970s and 80s, as her participation in protests at the Brisbane Commonwealth Games testified to. She developed a well deserved reputation as a storyteller, her major medium for the promotion of Aboriginal culture.\n", "Details": "Maureen Watson was born in 1931 in Rockhampton, Queensland, of Biri descent. She spent her early life in rural Queensland, left school at 13, married, and had five children.\nShe later returned to school and matriculated, and then moved to Brisbane with her five sons to begin an arts degree at the University of Queensland in 1970. She completed two years of her course before the pressures of raising a family forced her to quit. Over succeeding years, she emerged as a poet, singer, actor and political activist.\nMoving to Sydney, she set up the Aboriginal Peoples Gallery in Redfern in 1981. She was at the forefront of the Aboriginal protests against the Commonwealth Games in Brisbane in 1982, and was arrested three times while participating in demonstrations.\nBlack Reflections, a collection of her stories and poems, was published in 1982, followed by Kaiyu's Waiting, a school kit of children's stories, in 1984. She was the narrator for Robert Bropho's film, Mundu Nyuringu, in 1983, and she appeared in Jack Davis' play, The Honey Spot, in its 1986 tour of Victoria and New South Wales.\nStorytelling remained her major medium for promoting Aboriginal culture, and she has travelled widely in Australia, New Zealand and Europe to give storytelling presentations. Her stories told about the Aboriginal experience of urban life.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/the-encyclopaedia-of-aboriginal-australia-aboriginal-and-torres-strait-islander-history-society-and-culture\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/my-mob-the-story-of-aboriginal-family-life\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/honourable-grandmother\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/but-most-certainly-i-am-aboriginal-maureen-watson-speaks-to-bronwen-levy\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/black-child-i-too-am-human\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "O'Shane, Patricia", "Entry ID": "AWE1068", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/oshane-patricia\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Mossman, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Aboriginal rights activist, Barrister, Caf\u221a\u00a9 owner, Lawyer, Magistrate, Management consultant, Public servant, Teacher, University Chancellor", "Summary": "Patricia O'Shane was born in Northern Queensland in 1941. A noted activist for Indigenous rights, her achievements in the public sphere have been remarkable. She was the first Aboriginal Australian barrister (1976) and the first woman to be appointed to the New South Wales Metropolitan Water, Sewerage and Drainage Board (1979). When she was appointed permanent head of the New South Wales Ministry of Aboriginal Affairs in 1981, she became not only the first Aboriginal person but also the first woman to become a permanent head of ministry in Australia.\n", "Details": "Patricia O'Shane was born in 1941 in the small township of Mossman, North Queensland. She attended State primary and high schools in Cairns, and was awarded a Teacher's Scholarship, which enabled her to study full-time at the Queensland Teachers' Training College, and part-time at the University of Queensland. After graduating from Teachers' College, she taught at primary and high schools respectively before and after her marriage. In 1973, having received an Aboriginal study grant from the Federal Government, she undertook a Bachelor of Laws degree at the University of New South Wales, and completed the course at the end of 1975. In March 1976 she became Australia's first Aboriginal Barrister at a ceremony in the New South Wales Supreme Court. In 1979 she was appointed a Member of the New South Wales Metropolitan Water, Sewerage and Drainage Board - the first female member in the Board's 91-year history. She has worked with the New South Wales Select Committee of the Legislative Assembly on Aborigines, as Coordinator of the Aboriginal Task Force. In November 1981 Pat O'Shane was appointed permanent head of the New South Wales Ministry of Aboriginal Affairs, becoming not only the first Aboriginal person but also the first woman to become permanent head of a ministry in Australia.\n", "Events": "Inducted into the Victorian Honour Roll of Women (2001 - 2001)", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/some-aboriginal-women-pathfinders-their-difficulties-and-their-achievements\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/indigenous-heroes-and-leaders\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/a-healthy-sense-of-identity\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/tall-poppies-nine-successful-australian-women-talk-to-susan-mitchell\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/splitting-the-world-open-taller-poppies-and-me\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/the-wailing-a-national-black-oral-history\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/murawina-australian-women-of-high-achievement\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/aboriginal-women\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/dhirrabuu-mari-outstanding-indigenous-australians\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/the-matriarchs-twelve-australian-women-talk-about-their-lives-to-susan-mitchell\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/rebel-magistrate-with-a-passion-for-justice\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/aborigines-and-the-criminal-justice-system\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/australias-first-aboriginal-lawyer\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/the-encyclopedia-of-women-and-leadership-in-twentieth-century-australia\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/law\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/australian-women-lawyers-as-active-citizens\/", "Archival Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/papers-of-patricia-oshane-1998-manuscript\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Archer, Caroline Lillian", "Entry ID": "AWE1071", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/archer-caroline-lillian\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Cherbourg Aboriginal Reserve, Queensland, Australia", "Death Place": "Coonabarabran, New South Wales, Australia", "Occupations": "Aboriginal rights activist", "Summary": "Caroline Archer was born in 1922 and is best known for her leadership in the 1970s of the One People of Australian League (OPAL), an organisation that sought to promote the interests of Aboriginal people. She was appointed executive officer of OPAL in 1972, becoming the first Aboriginal person to hold the position.\n", "Details": "Caroline Archer was born at Cherbourg Aboriginal Reserve, where she received poor education and suffered from malnutrition. After working as a domestic servant at 'Whetstone' station near Inglewood, she moved to Brisbane, working first in a private home and then at the Canberra Hotel (1935-49), where she learnt to operate the switchboard. In 1950 she was employed as a PMG switchboard operator. On 29 December 1951 she married Fredrick Archer, a photographer; they had two daughters and a son. She opened an Aboriginal art shop, where she gave training to Aboriginal women.\nIn 1972 she was asked to run the Miss OPAL quest and was subsequently appointed the first Aboriginal executive officer of OPAL (the One People of Australia League). As State president of OPAL she travelled interstate to federal conferences and to lobby politicians. She was also nominated for election to the National Aboriginal Consultative Committee but failed to win election.\nCaroline spent much of her time teaching Aboriginal culture to children all over Queensland and in Canberra. She died at Archer, Coonabarabran on her way back to Brisbane from Narrabri on 8 September 1978.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/archer-caroline-lillian-1922-1978\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/200-australian-women-a-redress-anthology\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/death-of-two-opal-workers-joyce-wilding-and-caroline-archer-of-one-people-of-australia-league\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/my-people-my-lifes-work\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/from-lady-denman-to-katy-gallagher-a-century-of-womens-contributions-to-canberra\/", "Archival Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/aias-newspaper-clippings\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Ware, Kathy", "Entry ID": "AWE1082", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/ware-kathy\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Springsure, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Administrator, Public servant", "Summary": "Kathy Ware was born in 1949 at Springsure in Queensland. She grew up in Gladstone and Cairns, later working in various offices, as a kindergarten aide and as a teacher's assistant in a TAFE adult literacy program.\nShe joined the federal Department of Social Security in Cairns, and later became an assistant to the National Aboriginal Conference (NAC) representative for the Cairns region. After the NAC was disbanded, she worked with the Commonwealth Employment Service for two years.\nIn 1987 she took up an appointment as the administrator of Deeral Aboriginal and Islander Corporation at Babinda, 50 kilometres southeast of Cairns, and has since worked on the expansion of the corporation's facilities and enterprises.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/the-encyclopaedia-of-aboriginal-australia-aboriginal-and-torres-strait-islander-history-society-and-culture\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Toby, Ida", "Entry ID": "AWE1083", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/toby-ida\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Walgra or Carandotta Station, near Dajarra, Queensland, Australia", "Death Place": "Mount Isa, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Linguist", "Summary": "Ida Toby, also known as Queen, was born in 1899 at either Walgra or Carandotta station in Queensland. She was of Warluwarra and Wangka-Yutjurru (of Wangkamana group) descent. Her 'skin' was Bilarrindji and her Dreaming was Emu; she had a black birthmark on her elbow in the shape of a legless emu. She grew up along the Georgina - on Walgra, Carandotta, Roxborough and Glenormiston stations. She was married first to Deamrah, and then to his younger brother Belia. She had two children and raised three step-children. The family travelled about Carandotta, as the brothers worked together for years poisoning dogs on the station, until they both died in c1962.\nBetween 1967 and 1975 Ida Toby provided valuable linguistic information on the Warluwarra and Wangka-Yutjurru languages. She also had an acting ability which helped her make up and act out imaginary conversations in those languages.\nShe died in 1976.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/the-encyclopaedia-of-aboriginal-australia-aboriginal-and-torres-strait-islander-history-society-and-culture\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Nona, Dosina", "Entry ID": "AWE1084", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/nona-dosina\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Torres Strait Islands (?), Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Community worker", "Summary": "Dosina Nona married Peo ('Bul-Bul') Nona of Badu in 1960. A song composed for their wedding has become part of the Islands musical heritage. She nursed her husband until his death from renal disease in 1987.\nDosina is a community worker. She lives on Thursday Island in Torres Strait, where she is president of the Mothers Union, an Anglican church organisation representing Torres Strait women. In 1990 she represented the diocese of Carpentaria at a conference of South Pacific Mothers' Unions in Papua New Guinea. As a Mothers Union organiser, Nona has been responsible for arranging the catering for many large-scale church festivities, including the consecration of Kiwami Dai as bishop in 1986.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/the-encyclopaedia-of-aboriginal-australia-aboriginal-and-torres-strait-islander-history-society-and-culture\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Noble, Angelina", "Entry ID": "AWE1085", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/noble-angelina\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Near Winton, Queensland, Australia", "Death Place": "Yarrabah, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Missionary", "Summary": "Angelina Noble was born in c1890 near Winton in central Queensland. After being abducted by an itinerant horse dealer, she eventually came under the notice of the police in Cairns, and was sent to Yarrabah mission. An expert horsewoman, she accompanied her Aboriginal missionary husband James Noble, in 1904, on a gruelling overland expedition from Yarrabah to choose the site for a new mission on the Mitchell River, where 1,554 square kilometres of land had been gazetted as an Aboriginal reserve. From there they went to Roper River for three years, to help establish a new church missionary society.\nFurther pioneering work began in 1913 when Reverend E. Gribble requested their assistance in establishing a new mission at Forrest River (Oombulgurri) in Western Australia. They stayed there until 1932, before returning to Queensland to assist with work on Palm Island. Angelina was widowed in 1941 and, after a short period at Palm Island, died at St Luke's Hospital in Yarrabah in 1964.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/noble-angelina-1879-1964\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/the-encyclopaedia-of-aboriginal-australia-aboriginal-and-torres-strait-islander-history-society-and-culture\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/200-australian-women-a-redress-anthology\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/the-encyclopedia-of-women-and-leadership-in-twentieth-century-australia\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Clare, Monica", "Entry ID": "AWE1087", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/clare-monica\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Dareel, Queensland, Australia", "Death Place": "Sydney, New South Wales, Australia", "Occupations": "Aboriginal leader, Aboriginal rights activist, Administrator", "Summary": "Monica Clare was the daughter of an Aboriginal shearer and an English women who died in childbirth when Monica was two years old. Taken into care at the age of seven, she and her brother grew up in a variety of foster homes in Sydney. After learning the finer arts of domestic service, Monica went out to work as a waitress and a factory hand.\nIn the 1950s, Monica became interested in Labor Politics. Her second husband, the trade unionist Leslie Clare, encouraged this interest and also encouraged her to be active in Aboriginal politics. She became the Secretary of the Aborigines Committee of the South Coast at Wollongong during the 1960s and, subsequently, of an Aboriginal committee called the South Coast Illawarra Tribe, from 1968 to 1973.\nMonica Clare worked tirelessly for the political and social equality of Aboriginal people, and their independence. She died suddenly on National Aborigines Day, 13 July 1973.\n", "Details": "Monica Clare was born in 1924, at Dareel on the Mooni River, ten miles from Mungindi, on the Queensland side of the border. Her father was an Aboriginal shearer, and her mother, surnamed Scott, was English. The family roamed the upper Darling until Monica's mother died in childbirth in c.1926. In 1931 Monica and her younger brother were taken by Child Welfare. They were first taken to 'Yasmar' Home, Haberfield, in Sydney, and then to Redmyre Road, Strathfield, where Monica learned domestic service. By 1932 the two children were fostered to Bill and Stella Woodbury who owned a farm near Spencer on the lower Hawkesbury River. During World War Two, Monica worked as a servant, in the W.D.&H.O. Wills cigarette factory, as a waitress at a Greek caf\u00e9, and in Peggy Page, a well-known Sydney dress factory. Her first marriage ending in divorce, Monica became interested in Labor politics. In 1956 she met Leslie Clare, a well-known secretary of several trade unions, and decided to move to Wollongong. Leslie was sympathetic to Aboriginal people and took her to various Aboriginal missions along the New South Wales coast. They married in 1960.\nMonica was the Secretary of the Aborigines Committee of the South Coast at Wollongong during the 1960s and subsequently of an Aboriginal committee called the South Coast Illawarra Tribe, from 1968 to 1973. She worked tirelessly for the political and social equality of Aboriginal people, and their independence. She died suddenly on National Aborigines Day, 13 July 1973, before she could revise and rewrite the manuscript for her autobiographical book Karobran: The Story of an Aboriginal Girl which was published in 1978.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/karobran-the-story-of-an-aboriginal-girl\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/whos-been-writing-blak\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/yesterdays-words-the-editing-of-monica-clares-karobran\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/stories-of-herself-when-young-autobiographies-of-childhood-by-australian-women\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/review-of-review-of-karoban\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/mrs-monica-clare\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/", "Archival Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/papers-of-monica-clare-1978-manuscript\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Freeman, Catherine (Cathy) Astrid Salome", "Entry ID": "AWE1088", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/freeman-catherine-cathy-astrid-salome\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Mackay, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Commonwealth or Empire Games Gold Medalist, Olympian, Track and Field Athlete", "Summary": "Catherine (Cathy) Freeman was born in Mackay in Queensland in 1973. As a very good runner, she won a scholarship to boarding school where she was able to have professional coaching. In 1994 she became the first Aboriginal sprinter to win a gold medal at the Commonwealth Games, going on to win a silver medal in the 1996 Olympic Games and then gold at the Sydney Olympics in 2000.\nShe is very proud of her Aboriginal heritage and has carried the Australian and Aboriginal flags around the track after winning a race, which at times has resulted in public controversy.\nShe was made Young Australian of the Year in 1990 and Australian of the Year in 1998. She is the first person to receive both awards.\nIn the 2026 Australia Day Honours she was appointed Companion of the Order of Australia (AC) 'for eminent service to athletics as an international competitor and ambassador, to positive social impact across the community, to the reconciliation movement in the spirit of unity and inclusion, and as a role model to youth.'\n", "Events": "Athletics - 200m and 400m (1994 - 1994) \nAthletics - 4 X 100m Relay (1990 - 1990) \nAthletics - 4 x 400m Relay (2002 - 2002) \nAthletics - 400m event (1996 - 1996) \nAthletics - 400m Event (2000 - 2000) \nCompeted at Barcelona (1992 - 1992) \nInducted into the Victorian Honour Roll of Women (2001 - 2001)", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/australia-at-the-games\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/shes-game-women-making-australian-sporting-history-2\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/the-encyclopedia-of-women-and-leadership-in-twentieth-century-australia\/", "Archival Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/collection-of-posters-on-aboriginal-and-torres-strait-islanders-set-1\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Moffatt, Tracey", "Entry ID": "AWE1160", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/moffatt-tracey\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Brisbane, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Actor, Artist, Director, Filmmaker, Photographer, Producer, Scriptwriter", "Summary": "Tracey Moffatt is an internationally renowned Aboriginal photographer, documentary maker and director. Moffatt's photography is reflected in her films and documentaries, which explore Aboriginal culture by confronting commonly held stereotypes.\nTracey Moffatt was born in 1960 in Brisbane, where she graduated from the Queensland College of Arts. Her debut film, Nice Coloured Girls, won the Most Innovative Film award at the 1988 Festival of Australian Film and Video. At the same festival, she won the Best New Australian Video award for her 5-minute Aboriginal and Islander dance video, Watch Out. Moffatt also produced Moodeitj Yorgas, which includes interviews, dances, and storytelling by Western Australian Aboriginal women. Her film Night Cries: A Rural Tragedy (1990) draws from the 1955 Chauvel film Jedda.\nMoffatt's photographic exhibitions include \"Some Lads\" and \"Something More\".\n", "Details": "Moffatt released her first documentary in 1988. A Change of Face critically examined the popular understanding and construction of Australian identity in films, television drama and advertisements.\nMoffatt's first documentary focused solely on Aboriginal culture is Moodeitj Yorgas (Solid Women). Released in 1989, the film focused on strong and successful Aboriginal women. The film is constructed through the use of interviews, photographs of Aboriginal people and their land, stories about how the arrival of white man changed Aboriginal life (told in two Aboriginal languages), and Aboriginal music and dance. The interviews with Sally Morgan, Lois Olney, Helen Corbett and Helen Dorondorf are symbolic of the collective voice of Aboriginal women.\nHer next documentary was Nice Coloured Girls (1989). Moffatt again juxtaposed photography with voiceovers to examine the historical relationship between Aboriginal women and white men. The documentary questioned the validity of conventional white history that depicts Aborigines as passive and powerless.\nAlso in 1989, she wrote and directed Night Cries: A Rural Tragedy. Night Cries was inspired by Charles Chauvel's Jedda (1955), and continued the story of the two main characters, thirty years after Jedda. In the film, the relationship has changed from mother and child to carer and invalid.\nMoffatt's first feature film Bedevil was a set of three individual ghost stories that interlock to form one cohesive movie. The film was released in 1993 and is the second feature film to be directed by an indigenous Australian.\n", "Events": "Inducted into the Victorian Honour Roll of Women (2001 - 2001)", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/the-encyclopaedia-of-aboriginal-australia-aboriginal-and-torres-strait-islander-history-society-and-culture\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/the-oxford-companion-to-australian-film\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/womenvision-women-and-the-moving-image-in-australia\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/murawina-australian-women-of-high-achievement\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/the-moving-images-of-tracey-moffatt\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/the-encyclopedia-of-women-and-leadership-in-twentieth-century-australia\/", "Archival Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/women-88\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/boomalli-five-koori-artists\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/moodeitj-yorgas\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/nice-coloured-girls\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/night-cries-a-rural-tragedy\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/bedevil-original-release\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/a-change-of-face\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/a-positive-identity-for-black-film-makers-sydney-film-festival-film-forum\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/moffatt-tracey-interviewed-by-kari-hanet-oral-history\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/biographical-cuttings-on-tracey-moffatt-film-maker-containing-one-or-more-cuttings-from-newspapers-or-journals\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/moffatt-tracey-upper-body-shot-head-turned-to-right-corrugated-iron-roof-in-background\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Bell, Jeanie", "Entry ID": "AWE1162", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/bell-jeanie\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Brisbane, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Academic, Educator, Linguist", "Summary": "Jeanie Bell is a linguist and educator who has lived and worked in Queensland, Victoria and the Northern Territory. Over the course of her career Bell has made an extraordinary contribution to the development of Aboriginal education within the tertiary sector, and to the preservation of Aboriginal linguistic heritage.\n", "Details": "Jeanie Bell was born in 1949 and grew up in Brisbane. After leaving school she moved to Melbourne, where she worked first as a secretary and then as a nurse. Following her graduation from Monash University, Bell spent three years in Alice Springs teaching linguistics at the Yipirnya school and training Aboriginal interpreters for the Institute for Aboriginal Development, in addition to her work editing two books for the Aboriginal Languages Association.\nIn 1984 she was appointed Lecturer in Aboriginal Studies at the Northern Rivers College of Advanced Education in New South Wales. The following year she became the University of Queensland's first coordinator of the Aboriginal and Islander Studies Unit. She subsequently returned to Alice Springs as acting assistant director of the Institute for Aboriginal Development.\nIn 1988, Bell was a member of the National Aboriginal and Islander Education Policy Task Force, and in 1990 she undertook research for the Royal Commission into Aboriginal Deaths in Custody. Her research interests have included work on historical dictionaries of the Gubbi Gubbi and Badtjala languages, and biographical work.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/the-encyclopaedia-of-aboriginal-australia-aboriginal-and-torres-strait-islander-history-society-and-culture\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Barambah, Maroochy", "Entry ID": "AWE1171", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/barambah-maroochy\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Cherbourg Aboriginal Reserve, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Opera singer", "Summary": "Maroochy Barambah is a distinguished indigenous musician whose career since the 1970s has spanned the genres of jazz, rock, musical theatre and classical opera.\n", "Details": "Maroochy Barambah, formerly Yvette Isaacs, of Gubbi Gubbi descent, was born in c.1950s at Cherbourg reserve in Queensland. Her early years were spent in the dormitory system, designed to sever Aboriginal children from their cultural heritage. She participated in the Aboriginal Inland Mission choir at Cherbourg and, when fostered out to a family in Melbourne, she went to school there under the Harold Blair Aboriginal Children's project.\nIn the 1970s she was awarded a Melba Conservatorium of Music scholarship, and subsequently formed her own jazz group. She became lead singer with indigenous rock band Quokka and participated in the Rock Against Racism concert in Hobart, Tasmania. She also took part in the television series Women of the Sun (1982). In the same year she changed her name as a statement of pride in her Aboriginality.\nIn 1989 she performed in the Sydney Metropolitan Opera production, Black River, which won the Sounds Australian National Music Critics Award for the year and a film version has since been produced. In 1990 she played the lead role in the successful indigenous musical, Bran Nue Dae, and in 1991 was awarded the inaugural Aboriginal performing arts fellowship offered by the Aboriginal Arts Committee as she pursued a career as a classical opera singer. She also had the lead role in Beach Dreaming, an opera written not only for but about her, by Mark Isaacs.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/the-encyclopaedia-of-aboriginal-australia-aboriginal-and-torres-strait-islander-history-society-and-culture\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/women-of-the-sun\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Shillingsworth, Jessie", "Entry ID": "AWE1173", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/shillingsworth-jessie\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Beechal Creek, north of Eulo, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Community worker", "Summary": "Jessie Shillingsworth, of Margany descent, was born at Beechal Creek, north of Eulo in southwest Queensland. As a girl, she lived at Guwany-Mungarie camp, near the present Bundoona station. She married Arthur Shillingsworth and raised four sons and two daughters.\nJessie was the last person to have extensive knowledge of the language and culture of her people. She had not spoken her language for forty years prior to 1967, when she was first asked about it. She subsequently contributed many words to the grammar of her language published by Hazel McKellar in 1984. Jessie was also strongly opposed to the alcohol that was causing such damage to her people.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/the-encyclopaedia-of-aboriginal-australia-aboriginal-and-torres-strait-islander-history-society-and-culture\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "O'Keefe, Cherry (Tjapun)", "Entry ID": "AWE1180", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/okeefe-cherry-tjapun\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Cambridge Downs Station, near Richmond?, Queensland, Australia", "Death Place": "Hughenden, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Linguist", "Summary": "Cherry O'Keefe was an excellent horsewoman with a leading knowledge of the Ngawun language.\n", "Details": "Cherry O'Keefe (Tjapun) was a Ngawun woman probably born on Cambridge Downs station, near Richmond in north Queensland. In her early days she was well known as a fine horsewoman, and, at one time, as 'the Queen of the Forest'. Later she became an expert in saddlery and leatherwork. She never married. She lived a secluded and busy life on Poseidon Downs station, west of Hughenden, where she worked hard around the homestead for the privilege of living there in a galvanised iron humpy. After surviving flood, snakebite and burns (when her humpy was burnt down after a domestic accident), she died of pneumonia in Hughenden in 1977.\nCherry O'Keefe's knowledge of the Ngawun language, though limited, was much better than anyone else's. It was owing to her that a partial grammar and vocabulary of the language was eventually produced.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/the-encyclopaedia-of-aboriginal-australia-aboriginal-and-torres-strait-islander-history-society-and-culture\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Procter, Isabelle", "Entry ID": "AWE1186", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/procter-isabelle\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Cairns, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Administrator, Educator, Researcher", "Summary": "Isabelle Procter was born in Cairns, Queensland. Her family moved to Darwin, where she completed her schooling before training in Perth as an early childhood teacher. She taught in preschools and primary schools in Western Australia. Later, she tutored in tertiary institutions, and worked as a curriculum officer, project coordinator and educational consultant whilst completing Bachelor of Arts, Bachelor of Education and Master of Education degrees at Murdoch University.\nProcter has written widely on Aboriginal literacy and preschool education, and has worked on many project teams and committees. She was responsible for producing an Aboriginal employment and training management plan for the Western Australian Department of Conservation and Land Management; a study of community education for disadvantaged consumers for the Western Australian Ministry of Consumer Affairs; and a strategy for achieving social justice through Aboriginal education for the state's Ministry of Education. She helped write the National Aboriginal Education Committee's policy guidelines in 1989, and served as a member of Murdoch University's Aboriginal studies management committee, and the Western Australian Ministry of Education's Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander career and employment working party. She chaired the AIATSIS research advisory committee and the Western Australian government's Aboriginal Advisory Council.\nProcter's varied career has also seen her work as a Western Australian Ministry of Education district superintendent, responsible for 41 government schools and preschools in the south Perth district.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/the-encyclopaedia-of-aboriginal-australia-aboriginal-and-torres-strait-islander-history-society-and-culture\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Baylor, Hilda Gracia", "Entry ID": "AWE1187", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/baylor-hilda-gracia\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Brisbane, Queensland, Australia", "Death Place": "Wantirna, Victoria, Australia", "Occupations": "Feminist, Parliamentarian, Teacher, Women's rights activist, Women's rights organiser", "Summary": "In 1979, Gracia Baylor became the first woman member of the Liberal Party to be elected to the Victorian Legislative Council when she was elected as the member for Boronia. That year she was one of the first two women to be elected to the Upper House, the other being Joan Coxsedge of the Australian Labor Party. Baylor held her seat until 1985 when she resigned to contest (unsucessfully) the Legislative Assembly seat of Warrandyte.\n", "Details": "Gracia Baylor, daughter of Herbert David Parry-Okeden, a grazier and businessman and Hilary May Webster, was born in Brisbane, and educated in Victoria and Tasmania as well as Brisbane as a result of her father serving in the Royal Australian Air Force during World War Two.\nAt the National Gallery Art School in Melbourne she completed a Diploma of Fine Arts and subsequently trained as a secondary school teacher. In 1950 she married John du Frocq Freeman. She worked at Mercer House, a training college for teachers in independent schools, from 1951-57 and at Hamilton College from 1957-59. She married again in 1959, to Richard Patrick Baylor, a solicitor, with whom she had four children, three boys and a girl. She became a law clerk in her husband's firm in Healesville\nHer interest in politics was sparked when she recognised the need for a kindergarten in the town of Healesville. She served as a Healesville Shire Councillor from 1966-78 and ultimately became the first woman president of the Shire of Healesville from 1977-78. This also made her the first female Shire president in the state of Victoria. During her time in parliament she assisted in the establishment of the Queen Victoria Women's Centre.\nOver the course of her career, Gracia Baylor initiated the council-approved baby capsule program which all new parents use to safely carry their infants in cars for the first few months. 'Before this program, babies were just placed in the back of the car in a bassinet and if there was an accident, they didn't have a hope,' she said. Baylor was also instrumental in getting mammograms approved for the Medicare register and she saved the only remaining tower of the Queen Victoria Memorial Hospital for Women which is now a centre for women's health.\nBaylor was an active member of the National Council of Women at the national and state level, serving as president of the National Council of Women of Victoria from 1990-93 and of the National Council of Women Australia from 1997-2000.\n", "Events": "'Women Shaping the Nation' Centenary of Federation Committee (2000 - 2001) \nCommnwealth Advisory Board for Equal Employment Opportunity for Women (1999 - 2002) \nDr Vera Scantlebury Brown Memorial trust (1990 - 2008) \nIn recognition for her work in Parliament and women's affairs. (1999 - 1999) \nInducted into the Victorian Honour Roll of Women (2003 - 2003) \nMinisterial Advisory Committee to Minister for Women's Affairs (Victoria) (1999 - 2002) \nVictoria Women's Council (1991 - 1999)", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/biographical-register-of-the-victorian-parliament\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/gracia-baylor-am\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/the-liberal-party-of-australia-federal-womens-committee-history-and-achievements-1945-2003\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/carrying-on-the-fight-women-candidates-in-victorian-parliamentary-elections\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/stirrers-with-style-presidents-of-the-national-council-of-women-of-australia-and-its-predecessors\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/a-young-mother-from-healesville-breaks-political-barriers\/", "Archival Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/records-of-the-national-council-of-women-of-australia-1924-1990-manuscript\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/ncwa-papers-1984-2006\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/interview-with-gracia-baylor-am\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/national-council-of-women-of-victoria-2\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/a-young-mother-from-healesville-breaks-political-barriers\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Roughsey, Elsie (Labumore)", "Entry ID": "AWE1189", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/roughsey-elsie-labumore\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Mornington Island, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Community worker, Educator, Health worker, Writer", "Summary": "Elsie Roughsey (Labumore), of Lardil descent, was born on Mornington Island in Queensland. She was taken from her parents and placed in the local mission school at the age of eight. She stayed there until World War Two, not knowing that her own brother and sister were living in the same dormitory. When the missionaries were evacuated during the war, she returned to her family and lived in the bush learning Lardil customs.\nIn 1946 Elsie married Dick Roughsey, then a stockman but later an artist and author. She worked as a nursing aide, teacher's assistant and voluntary community worker on Mornington Island.\nIn 1984 she published her autobiography, which became a best seller, and her visits to southern capitals to promote it attracted widespread media interest. She was an authority on the local history of Mornington Island and a famed maker of cottonwood dolls.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/an-aboriginal-mother-tells-of-the-old-and-the-new\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/the-encyclopaedia-of-aboriginal-australia-aboriginal-and-torres-strait-islander-history-society-and-culture\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Saunders, Justine", "Entry ID": "AWE1190", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/saunders-justine\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Near Rockhampton, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Actor, Teacher", "Summary": "Justine Saunders was a member of the stolen generations of Aboriginal people. She became a professional actor in 1974 and was important to the establishment of Aboriginal theatre groups in the 1980s and 1990s.\n", "Details": "Justine Saunders, of Darumbal descent, was born next to a railway track during floods around Quilpie in Queensland. Her mother Heather was a stockwoman and belonged to the Woppaburra people from the Kanomie clan of Keppel Island. At the age of 11, Justine was taken from her mother and spent five years in a convent school is Brisbane. Here she had her first acting experience in productions of Finian's Rainbow and Annie Get Your Gun. She joined the Aboriginal Black Theatre Art and Culture Centre company in Redfern soon after it was established, her first part being in Bob Merritt's play The Cake Man. Her television debut was in the ABC production of Pig in a Poke.\nSaunders became a professional actor in 1974, although she later complained about stereotypical Aboriginal roles at the time. Her first film appearance was in The Chant of Jimmie Blacksmith (1978), followed by Women of the Sun (1982) and The Fringe Dwellers (1985), the latter being the Aboriginal National Theatre Trust's production of Not the 1988 Party, a revue run as a counter to the official bicentenary celebrations. She also had a part in Lorna Bol's play A Special Place (1989).\nIn addition to acting, Justine helped establish the Black Theatre and the Aboriginal National Theatre Trust, taught drama at the Eora Centre, and participated in the 1987 and 1988 national indigenous playwrights conferences. She was declared the Aboriginal Artist of the Year by NADOC in 1985, and received an Order of Australia Medal for her service to the performing arts and national Aboriginal theatre in 1991. In 2000, though, she asked Aboriginal senator Aden Ridgeway to return her medal after the Federal Government denied the term 'stolen generation'.\nJustine Saunders died in April 2007 at the age of 54 after a series of illnesses. She is survived by her partner, Peter Whittle.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/women-of-the-sun\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/women-of-the-sun-setting-the-record-straight\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/the-encyclopaedia-of-aboriginal-australia-aboriginal-and-torres-strait-islander-history-society-and-culture\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Schrieber, Lorna", "Entry ID": "AWE1191", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/schrieber-lorna\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Yarrabah Mission, Queensland, Australia", "Death Place": "Cairns?, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Aboriginal storyteller, Traditional Aboriginal custodian, Welfare worker", "Summary": "Lorna Schrieber (Balurr Wuppi), a descendant of the Gungganyji group of Yidinjdji people, was brought up in the girls dormitory between the ages of ten and sixteen, until 1942, when Yarrabah parents successfully appealed to the bishop of north Queensland to allow their children to live at home.\nLorna married Steven Schrieber, who became Yarrabah overseer while she worked in the welfare clinic. They moved to Cairns to give their children better schooling opportunities. They were given a large government house and fostered Aboriginal children from the outback who could then attend school.\nIn 1977, at the insistence of her people, Lorna was anointed Queen of Yarrabah by the bishop of north Queensland. She was one of the last Gungganyji speakers and custodians, and helped record traditional songs and stories. She paid regular visits to Yarrabah, encouraging children to speak the language and preserve the knowledge of their ancestors.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/the-encyclopaedia-of-aboriginal-australia-aboriginal-and-torres-strait-islander-history-society-and-culture\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/transcripts-of-interviews-with-a-group-of-people-associated-with-yarrabah-nth-qld-in-mission-days\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/oral-history-interviews-qld\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Smallwood, Gracelyn", "Entry ID": "AWE1193", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/smallwood-gracelyn\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Townsville, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Health worker, Midwife, Nurse", "Summary": "Gracelyn Smallwood, of Biri descent, was born and grew up in Townsville, Queensland. She obtained general nursing, midwifery and psychiatric nursing certificates from the Townsville hospital. She helped establish the Townsville Aboriginal Medical Service before working for a year as a volunteer among remote Aboriginal communities. In the 1970s and 1980s she studied indigenous health services in the United States and China. Upon her return to Australia, she worked for the national trachoma and eye health program, and the Pitjantjatjara council in northern South Australia. In 1985 she became matron of the Hetti Perkins home for the aged in Alice Springs.\nSmallwood continued her studies, enrolling in a Master of Science degree at James Cook University in Queensland. She was appointed adviser on indigenous health to the federal Minister of Health, and has since become a leading commentator on AIDS among Aboriginal communities.\nIn 1989 Smallwood became the proprietor of 'Birri's Walkabout', an outlet for Aboriginal arts and crafts at the Townsville airport. In 1991 she was a founding member of the advisory committee formed to guide the Aboriginal and Islander Health Worker journal.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/aboriginal-and-islander-health-worker-journal\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/the-encyclopaedia-of-aboriginal-australia-aboriginal-and-torres-strait-islander-history-society-and-culture\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/aboriginal-and-torres-strait-islander-health-goals-and-targets\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/australias-fourth-world-nation\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/aboriginal-and-islander-uniqueness-cultural-factors-indigenous-australia\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Sykes, Roberta (Bobbi)", "Entry ID": "AWE1199", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/sykes-roberta-bobbi\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Townsville, Queensland, Australia", "Death Place": "Sydney, New South Wales, Australia", "Occupations": "Academic, Administrator, Health worker, Journalist, Writer", "Summary": "Roberta (Bobbi) Sykes was born and brought up in Townsville, Queensland. She left school at 14 and trained as a nurse. In 1971 she moved to Sydney, and in 1972 helped establish the Aboriginal Tent Embassy in Canberra. She worked as Education and Publicity Officer for the newly founded Aboriginal Medical Service in Redfern, and began a ten-year career as a freelance journalist. She has written poetry and film reviews, and contributed to contemporary discussions on a wide range of indigenous issues.\nFrom 1975 to 1980 Bobbi Sykes was an adviser on Aboriginal health and education to the New South Wales Health Commission, following which she moved to the United States and completed her doctorate on Aboriginal education at Harvard University. Upon her return to Sydney, she continued writing and lecturing. She has held appointments at Charles Sturt and Macquarie universities and has worked as a consultant.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/dr-roberta-sykes\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/murawina-australian-women-of-high-achievement\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/while-my-name-is-remembered\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/snake-cradle-snake-dancing-and-snake-circle-autobiographical-trilogy\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/love-poems-and-other-revolutionary-actions\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/black-majority\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/black-women-in-australia-a-history\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/mum-shirl-an-autobiography-with-the-assistance-of-bobbi-sykes\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/women-who-do-and-women-who-dont-join-the-womens-movement\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/the-encyclopaedia-of-aboriginal-australia-aboriginal-and-torres-strait-islander-history-society-and-culture\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/", "Archival Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/papers-of-judith-wright-1944-2000-manuscript\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Thancoupie", "Entry ID": "AWE1200", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/thancoupie\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Napranum, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Artist, Teacher", "Summary": "Thancoupie was born at Napranum in Queensland, on the land traditionally occupied by her ancestors. Her father was killed in war. Thancoupie attended the local school before being sent to Brisbane to train as a preschool teacher. Upon her return to Napranum she established a preschool but was unhappy with the situation and resigned.\nThancoupie began writing down and illustrating (with paintings on bark) stories her grandmother had taught her, and had a number of exhibitions of her work. Her application to study at a Sydney art school was rejected because she lacked formal qualifications, however she came across a pottery school which accepted her as a student. Thancoupie then went to America and Mexico and worked with indigenous potters. This helped her develop her own style, and she has since been creating pots and tile murals at her studio in Cairns where she moved in 1976, after the Comalco mining company refused to allow her a house at Napranum because she had left the community. Thancoupie still visits her hometown on a regular basis.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/murawina-australian-women-of-high-achievement\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/thancoupie-earth-shaper\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/i-keep-my-head-above-my-shoulders-and-i-try-to-keep-him-strong-and-high\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/thancoupie-the-potter\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/the-encyclopaedia-of-aboriginal-australia-aboriginal-and-torres-strait-islander-history-society-and-culture\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/artist-kept-her-peoples-culture-and-language-alive\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Tripcony, Penny", "Entry ID": "AWE1203", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/tripcony-penny\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Brisbane, Queensland, Australia", "Death Place": "Brisbane, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Administrator, Community worker, Educator, Research officer", "Summary": "Penny Tripcony was born in Brisbane in 1942 and moved to Melbourne in the mid-1960s. She completed a Bachelor of Arts degree at the University of Melbourne in 1975, and a Diploma of Education the following year.\nAs the administrator of the Aboriginal Cooperative Ltd in Melbourne, she was instrumental in establishing the Aboriginal Housing Board of Victoria and several other Aboriginal organisations. In the early 1980s she was a Research Officer with the Board before becoming superintendent of Victorian Aboriginal Education Services. She was involved with many community-based Aboriginal organisations in Victoria, and tutored in the Aboriginal Community Organisation course at the Swinburne Institute of Technology.\nIn 1989, Tripcony returned to Brisbane to become Principal Policy Officer (Aboriginal and Torres Strait islander Education) with the state Department of Education. She was also a member of the National Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Studies Project.\nIn the 2005 Australia Day Honours, she was appointed a Member of the Order of Australia (AM) for service to the Indigenous community, particularly in the field of education as an administrator, policy adviser, researcher and educator.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/the-encyclopaedia-of-aboriginal-australia-aboriginal-and-torres-strait-islander-history-society-and-culture\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/the-commonwealth-referendum-of-1967-and-australian-indigenous-citizenship-an-interpretation-of-historical-events\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/learning-journeys-indigenous-teachers-sharing-their-success-stories\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/too-obvious-to-see-aboriginal-spirituality-and-cosmology\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/yatha-aboriginal-and-torres-strait-islander-studies-in-teacher-education\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Malamoo, Shireen", "Entry ID": "AWE1222", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/malamoo-shireen\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Townsville, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Community worker", "Summary": "Shireen Malamoo is an Aboriginal community worker who advocates a holistic approach to indigenous issues. In the 1970s she worked for the Department of Social Security in Townsville, Queensland. Her involvement with the Secretariat of National Aboriginal and Islander Child Care included membership of the Finance Committee. She was a Commissioner of the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Commission (ATSIC) from 1991 to 1993.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/the-black-grapevine-aboriginal-activism-and-the-stolen-generations\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/aboriginal-islander-womens-conference\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/reaching-a-balance\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Eatock, Pat", "Entry ID": "AWE1227", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/eatock-pat\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Redcliffe, Queensland, Australia", "Death Place": "Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia", "Occupations": "Aboriginal rights activist, Academic, Filmmaker, Public servant, Women's rights activist", "Summary": "In 1972 Pat Eatock became the first Aboriginal to stand for Federal Parliament in the Australian Capital Territory (ACT). She participated in the Aboriginal Embassy and Women's Liberation in 1972. In 1973 she became the first non-matriculated mature aged student at the Australian National University(ANU), graduating as a Bachelor of Arts in 1977. In 1975 she attended the 1975 Women in Politics Conference and the International Women's Year World Conference in Mexico City. She has worked as a public servant, university lecturer, and established and managed the Perleeka Aboriginal Television, producing films for community television and training Aboriginal film makers from 1992-96. Pat Eatock passed away on 17 March, 2015 after a long period of ill health.\n", "Details": "Pat Eatock was born at Redcliffe, Queensland on 14 December 1937. Her mother, Elizabeth Stephenson Anderson, was a Scottish immigrant, and her father, Roderick Eatock was of Aboriginal and English descent.\nShe had a disrupted education due to her father's mental illness and she left school at 14 to work in various factories. At 18 she moved to Sydney and married a cousin, Ron Eatock. They lived in Green Valley and by the time she was 26 she had had two miscarriages and five children, one of which was profoundly disabled.\nShe began to publicly identify as an Aboriginal in 1957 when she attended a meeting of the Union of Australian Women at which Faith Bandler spoke, but her political activities were limited by her family commitments until 1972, when she attended a FCAATSI land rights conference in Alice Springs with her sixth child.\nIn 1972 she left her husband and, with her baby, joined the Aboriginal Embassy in Canberra and participated in the protests against its removal. She lived initially in the Canberra headquarters of the Women's Liberation movement. She became the first Aboriginal candidate to stand for Federal parliament in the ACT when she campaigned, unsuccessfully, as an independent in the 1972 elections. Her platform, endorsed by the newly-formed Women's Electoral Lobby, focussed on Aboriginal, women's and children's issues.\nIn 1973 she enrolled in a Bachelor of Arts degree, becoming the first non-matriculated mature age student at the Australian National University. Majoring in Philosophy and History, she graduated in 1977. In 1975 she was sponsored by the government to attend the Alternative Tribune to the International Women's Year World Conference in Mexico City, and also attend the Women in Politics Conference in Canberra that year.\nHer public service career included working as a Project Officer in the Department of Social Security's Aboriginal Unit (1978-81), and in the EEO unit of the NSW Department of TAFE (1987-89). In 1991-92 she lectured in community development at Curtin University, Western Australia. In December 1992 she established Perleeka Aboriginal Television, which she managed until its demise in 1996. Through it she trained Aboriginal film-makers, produced films for community television, and unsuccessfully attempted to open an Aboriginal TV channel. She taught Aboriginal Studies at James Cook University in 1997, and in 1999 undertook a one-year preliminary course with the intention of beginning a Masters degree in history at the University of Queensland.\nIn 2011 Pat Eatock came to public attention when she brought a case of racial discrimination against Andrew Bolt, journalist with the Herald and Weekly Times newspaper, the Herald Sun. The case was heard in the Federal Court of Australia. Bolt wrote a number of articles implying that people of fair skin who identified as Aboriginal did so for social and political advantage. Pat Eatock's case was upheld and the court directed the newspaper organisation to print a corrective notice.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/aunty-pat-eatock-passes-away-quietly-after-a-lifetime-of-glorious-noise-making\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/theres-a-snake-in-my-caravan\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/a-small-but-stinging-twig-reflections-of-a-black-campaigner\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/black-demo\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/a-history-of-section-18c-and-the-racial-discrimination-act\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/federal-court-of-australia-eatock-v-bolt-no-2-2011-fca-1180\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/from-lady-denman-to-katy-gallagher-a-century-of-womens-contributions-to-canberra\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/the-encyclopedia-of-women-and-leadership-in-twentieth-century-australia\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/law\/", "Archival Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/pat-eatock-interviewed-by-ann-mari-jordens-sound-recording\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/interview-with-pat-eatock-for-the-interchange-programme-december-21-1977-a-2xx-radio-station-broadcast-sound-recording-interviewer-biff-ward\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Pryor, Jenny", "Entry ID": "AWE1253", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/pryor-jenny\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Administrator, Child welfare worker", "Summary": "Jenny Pryor is a Bindal clan member of the Birri Gubba nation and Kaanju people. She has been a Commissioner with the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Commission for North Queensland, holding the portfolio of infrastructure, housing, land and natural resources. For eight years she held the position of Administrator of the Northern Queensland Aboriginal and Islander Child Care Agency in Townsville, and has been associated with the Secretariat of National Aboriginal and Islander Child Care (SNAICC) since its inception in the early 1980s.\nPryor retains strong ties with the Palm Island community where her mother was born.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/the-black-grapevine-aboriginal-activism-and-the-stolen-generations\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/the-past-and-future-of-land-rights-and-native-title\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Buchanan, Cheryl", "Entry ID": "AWE1255", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/buchanan-cheryl\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Cunnamulla, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Aboriginal rights activist, Publisher, Writer", "Summary": "Cheryl Buchanan studied at the University of Hawaii as a scholarship-holder. Upon her return to Australia she became involved in the Brisbane Tribal Council, and attended the University of Queensland.\nDuring 1974 Buchanan worked as the race relations field director for the Australian Union of Students and spent several months visiting communities in the Northern Territory and Western Australia, encouraging their struggle for land rights. In 1975 she moved to Melbourne, Victoria, where she became director of the Black Resources Centre (BRC). The Centre later moved to Brisbane, and Cheryl became one of the principal campaigners for the acquittal of 'The Brisbane Three', two Aboriginal men and a Chilean charged with conspiracy over an alleged extortion attempt. The three were acquitted due partly to the support of BRC periodical Black Liberation from 1975 to 1977. Buchanan was one of the main contributors to this publication, writing articles on a range of issues including history, politics, education, land rights, prisons and welfare.\nIn 1980 she published Kargun, the first of a series of poetry volumes by Lionel Fogarty. This publication led to the development of Murrie Coo-ee, an Aboriginal publishing firm at Coominya which continues to operate under Buchanan's directorship.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/responding-to-custody-levels-a-greater-community-response-to-addressing-the-underlying-causes\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/communication-oral-tradition-telepathy-and-sign-language\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/the-true-history-of-australia\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/the-encyclopaedia-of-aboriginal-australia-aboriginal-and-torres-strait-islander-history-society-and-culture\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Colless, Daphne Rosina", "Entry ID": "AWE1257", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/colless-daphne-rosina\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Ayr, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Administrator, Community worker, Public servant", "Summary": "From working at the meatworks of Qeerah, Queensland, Rose Colless went on to be Queensland Commissioner for Aborigines and manage a centre for the rehabilitation of alcoholics before being presented with an Order of Australia Medal and an Australian human rights award.\n", "Details": "Daphne Rosina (Rose) Colless grew up in Ayr and Cairns, Queensland. She was offered a high school church scholarship, but her mother was persuaded by other children's (non-indigenous) mothers that this would be a waste of time. Rosina left school to do housework for ten shillings a week.\nColless worked at the meatworks at Qeerah from 1961 to 1973, becoming a union delegate before taking the position of Liaison Officer with the Department of Aboriginal and Islander Affairs, and later with the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Legal Service, visiting communities throughout north Queensland. In 1977 she became a Queensland Commissioner for Aborigines and advised the state government on indigenous issues. Her criticism of government actions on Aurukun and Mornington Island led to her losing this job.\nIn 1974 Colless became a director of Douglas House, a centre for the rehabilitation of alcoholics. In 1978 she became its manager, acquiring a farm on the tablelands and setting up meals in the park for the destitute.\nColless was awarded an Order of Australia Medal in 1984, and in 1987 received an Australian human rights award.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/the-encyclopaedia-of-aboriginal-australia-aboriginal-and-torres-strait-islander-history-society-and-culture\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/murawina-australian-women-of-high-achievement\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Francis, Susan", "Entry ID": "AWE1556", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/francis-susan\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Brisbane, Queensland, Australia", "Death Place": "Sydney, New South Wales, Australia", "Occupations": "Activist, Nurse", "Summary": "In 1927 Susan Francis stood as a Labor candidate in the New South Wales Legislative Assembly elections for Bondi. She then stood as a Lang Labor candidate in the Waverley Municipal Council elections of 1932.\n", "Details": "Susan Francis was born on 14 October 1877 in Brisbane, one of five children. She became a domestic servant, though she called herself a housekeeper, when she married Arthur Rawlins, known as Francis, in 1897. They had three children, two of whom survived to accompany her to Sydney in 1911.\nFrom the early 1920s Nurse Francis, although unqualified, advertised herself as a midwife and attended many births in inner city Sydney. She was the subject of two enquiries before the Nurses' Registration Board in 1927 and 1930 but was never prosecuted. She was well known for her work during the influenza epidemic of 1918-1919, and widely liked for her tireless help for the poor.\nSusan Francis was active in the Labor Party and ran in the seat of Bondi in 1927, gaining 22.7% of the votes. She was president, then secretary of the Labor Women's Organising Committee from 1928 to 1935 and led delegations to ministers, organised public meetings campaigned for candidates and was a delegate to the State Conference of the party. She was one of three delegates from New South Wales to the Interstate Women's Conference in 1930.\nDuring the depression in the 1930s, Susan Francis helped to set up a hostel for homeless women and girls which opened in 1931, and she became matron of such a hostel in 1935.\nThe regard in which she was held by the Labor Party was shown by the huge function put on in her honour in the Empress Room of Mark Foy's department store, when she married again, in 1936. She subsequently became known as Nurse Francis Wilkes, and remained an active member of the ALP until her death in 1946.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/francis-susan-1877-1946\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/putting-skirts-on-the-sacred-benches-women-candidates-for-the-new-south-wales-parliament-2\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Richardson, Terri (Therese Jean)", "Entry ID": "AWE1978", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/richardson-terri-therese-jean\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Brisbane, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Teacher, Tutor", "Summary": "Terri Richardson is a hard working party member of the Australian Democrats, deeply committed to a just society, and passionate on the subject of Indigenous education. Terri was on the State Executive Committee of the Australian Democrats for nine years, 1989-1998, and continues her connection with the party as Acting Convenor of the Cook Electorate branch. She also contested the following elections on their behalf:\nNew South Wales Legislative Assembly, Cronulla, 1991\nHouse of Representatives, Cook, 1990, 1993, 1996, 1998\nNew South Wales, Legislative Council, 1994.\nTerri Richardson grew up in the Sutherland Shire and was educated at Oyster Bay Primary School and St George Girls' High School. She trained as a primary school teacher at the Alexander Mackie College of Advanced Education and taught for 15 years. Subsequently she was a tutor at the Centre for Australian Indigenous Studies at the University of Technology, Sydney. In 2005, still passionate about the education of indigenous children, she was actively involved in the Indigenous Tutorial Assistance Scheme. She was also part way through a Masters of Professional Studies: Aboriginal Studies from the University of New England. She has one daughter.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/putting-skirts-on-the-sacred-benches-women-candidates-for-the-new-south-wales-parliament-2\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Saffin, Janelle Anne", "Entry ID": "AWE1991", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/saffin-janelle-anne\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Ipswich, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Businesswoman, Lawyer, Politician, Teacher", "Summary": "Janelle Saffin joined the Australian Labor Party in 1982 and held senior positions in her local branch, was a delegate to Country and State conferences and was a member of the Corrective Services Advisory Council. She has been President of the North Coast Breast Screening Program and a committee member of the Northern Rivers Social Development Council. After working as a teacher, and small business person and being active in community services and local charity, Janelle Saffin stood unsuccessfully for the seat of Lismore (New South Wales Legislative Assembly) in 1991. However in 1995 she was elected to the Legislative Council of the New South Wales Parliament (1995-2003); to the seat of Page in the House of Representatives (2007-2013); and to the New South Wales Legislative Assembly in 2019, representing the seat of Lismore. She holds three ministerial positions: Recovery; Small Business; and the North Coast.\nShe is married to Dr Jim Gallagher, and has one son and three stepsons. Janelle Saffin completed a Dip Prim T (Northern Rivers CAE), BLegalStud (Macq), and Mbus. \n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/putting-skirts-on-the-sacred-benches-women-candidates-for-the-new-south-wales-parliament-2\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/australian-women-lawyers-as-active-citizens\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Staunton, Patricia Jane", "Entry ID": "AWE2087", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/staunton-patricia-jane\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Townsville, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Alderman, Lawyer, Magistrate, Nurse, Parliamentarian", "Summary": "Patricia Staunton was a Member of the NSW Legislative Council from 25 March 1995 to 2 September 1997. She is a member of the Australian Labor Party, a Member of the Order of Australia (AM) and has worked as a Chief Magistrate, Alderman of the Sydney City Council and Registered Nurse.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/patricia-jane-staunton\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/putting-skirts-on-the-sacred-benches-women-candidates-for-the-new-south-wales-parliament-2\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/law-for-nurses-and-midwives\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/australian-women-lawyers-as-active-citizens\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Merenda, Francesca", "Entry ID": "AWE2148", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/merenda-francesca\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "North Queensland, Australia", "Death Place": "Darling Point, New South Wales, Australia", "Occupations": "Welfare worker", "Summary": "Francesca Merenda began work with Department of Immigration in 1969 as the first ever Italian speaking welfare worker. She was a member of the group appointed by Malcolm Fraser in 1977, and chaired by Sir Frank Galbally, to review post-arrival migrant programs and services.\nFrancesca Merenda had a long association with Co.As.It. Italian Association of Assistance, including as a member of the Board of Directors after the Association was incorporated in 1984.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/the-experience-of-wartime-internment-an-interview-with-francesca-merenda\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/faith-hope-and-charity-australian-women-and-imperial-honours-1901-1989\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Jones, Margaret Mary", "Entry ID": "AWE2175", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/jones-margaret-mary\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Rockhampton, Queensland, Australia", "Death Place": "Bondi, New South Wales, Australia", "Occupations": "Journalist", "Summary": "Margaret Jones was Literary Editor for the Herald and worked as a journalist in the London and New York bureaus of John Fairfax Ltd, before becoming Foreign Editor for the Sydney Morning Herald in the 1970s. She reported from North Korea and North Vietnam, and was staff correspondent in Peking, China. Described as a 'trailblazer for women journalists', Jones wrote for the Herald newspaper for a total of thirty-three years.\n", "Details": "Margaret Jones was the youngest of six children. Her father, John, worked on the Rockhampton Harbour Board for 40 years. She received a Catholic education at Rockhampton and spent a period at teachers' college in Brisbane, before working as a journalist on the Mackay Mercury and as a stringer for the ABC. Moving to Sydney, she worked on The Daily Mirror.\nIn 1954, despite ongoing prejudice against women in journalism, she joined the Herald. Two years later she resigned to work in England and Paris, before joining The Sun-Herald in 1961. In 1965 she received her first foreign posting, to the Herald's New York offices. There she worked, though not entirely in harmony, with Lillian Roxon. The following year she became the paper's first Washington correspondent. Barred from the National Press Club because of her sex, and consequently deprived of access to important functions and major speeches, her work was hindered, but she managed a successful stint in Washington, covering Lyndon Johnson's presidency and the Vietnam War.\nIn 1969 she moved to London, covering subjects from the IRA to the Beatles. She returned to Sydney to become literary editor of the paper. By the early 70s, the ratio of women to men on the staff had risen from 1:11 to 1:6. In 1972 Jones joined the successful campaign to allow women full membership of the Sydney Journalists Club. The following year, she was appointed foreign correspondent in Beijing (then Peking), the first to hold the position for the Herald since WWII.\nIn 1976, Jones gave the Paton-Wilkie-Deamer Newspaper Address organised by the Journalists' Club, Sydney, and the New South Wales branch of the Australian Journalists' Association. She was the first woman journalist to be invited to do so. According to Jones, 'the integrity of the press, or lack of it, is among the most topical of all subjects today, arising out of the upheavals in the Government of Australia over the last year or so'. Her primary concern was the tendency - on both sides of politics - to use the press as a 'whipping boy', carrying the blame for all misfortune. The credibility of the press, said Jones, was 'at a pretty low ebb - just about the lowest I can remember', but censorship or greater control of the press was not the solution. Jones used the address to reflect upon the dangers of a controlled press based on her own experiences as a reporter in China from 1973. China's two national newspapers, the Renmin Ribao and the Kwangming Ribao, were the only newspapers that foreigners were permitted the read. The papers were under the strict control of government, and could only report positive news - great feats, economic gains, general prosperity. Foreign correspondents, too, were carefully monitored and not permitted to write about any subject that touched on the health of Chairman Mao, dissension in the leadership, or defence. A 'warning system' ensured their compliance - after two warnings, foreign correspondents would be forced to leave.\nIn 1980 Jones returned to London as European correspondent. Following her retirement in 1987, she served on the Australian Press Council from 1988-98. Her publications include Thatcher's Kingdom, The Confucius Enigma, and The Smiling Buddha.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/thatchers-kingdom-a-view-of-britain-in-the-eighties\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/the-confucius-enigma\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/the-smiling-buddha\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/pressures-on-the-press\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/", "Archival Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/southern-africa-defence-and-aid-fund-in-australia-records-1961-1981-together-with-the-records-of-community-aid-abroad-australia-southern-africa-group-1981-1987\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/nancy-phelan-papers-1866-1996%e2%86%b5nancy-phelan-literary-manuscripts-with-working-papers-including-correspondence-1866-1996\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/salmon-family-malcolm-salmon-papers-1927-1986\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Ferguson, Adair", "Entry ID": "AWE2201", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/ferguson-adair\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Brisbane, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Commonwealth or Empire Games Gold Medalist, Rower", "Summary": "When Adair Ferguson won the single sculls title at the 1985 rowing World Championships in Belgium, she became Australia's first female world champion rower. Her performance was excellent enough for her to be named the 1985 Australian Athlete of the Year; in achieving the honour she beat fellow nominees Jeff Fenech and Alan Border. Ferguson proved it wasn't a fluke when she won a gold medal in the same event the following year in Edinburgh at the 1986 Commonwealth Games.\nFerguson represented Australia eight times at various international competitions but never at an Olympic Games. 1988 was considered to be her best chance of winning a medal but that year the Australian selectors decided not to send any female rowing competitors.\nAs well as representing Australia as a sportswoman, Ferguson tried her hand at politics. She stood as the Australian Democrats candidate in the blue ribbon liberal seat of Ryan in the 1990 federal election.\n", "Events": "Rowing - Lightweight Scull (1986 - 1986)", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/shes-game-women-making-australian-sporting-history-2\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/", "Archival Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/adair-ferguson-file\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "McLeod, Gertrude Evelyn", "Entry ID": "AWE2219", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/mcleod-gertrude-evelyn\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Brisbane, Queensland, Australia", "Death Place": "Brisbane", "Occupations": "Golfer, Sports administrator", "Summary": "Gertrude McLeod was educated at the Brisbane High School for Girls. McLeod was an enthusiastic, but not an outstanding, golf player. According to Margaret Kowald, her handicap never fell below sixteen. Nonetheless, McLeod was elected president of the Queensland Ladies' Golf Union in 1934. In this capacity she raised money for country championships and took the first Queensland women's team to Sydney in 1938. Like many women's organisations, the Q.L.G.U. offered financial support to patriotic bodies during World War II.\nFrom 1949 to 1954, McLeod served as president of the Australian Ladies' Golf Union, sending a team to the British Ladies' Open Championship in 1950. During her presidency, the Union discussed the changing social background of women golfers (once the domain of wealthy women) and dress codes for women.\nMcLeod was an associate-member of the Royal Queensland and Indooroopilly golf clubs, and was awarded honorary life membership of the Q.L.G.U. in 1962. She supported the establishment at Mt Ommaney (Brisbane) of the first golf club in Australia to be administered entirely by women, named the McLeod Country Golf Club in her honour.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/women-on-course-the-mcleod-country-golf-club-1968-1993\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/shes-game-women-making-australian-sporting-history-2\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/mcleod-gertrude-evelyn-1891-1971\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Springfield, Mabel Angelina", "Entry ID": "AWE2227", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/springfield-mabel-angelina\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Mooloolah, Queensland, Australia", "Death Place": "Brisbane, Queensland", "Occupations": "Swimmer, Swimming Coach", "Summary": "The second youngest of seven children, Mabel Springfield was raised in a sporty family, and began competitive swimming at an early age. At fourteen she was participating in the Queensland Ladies' Amateur Swimming Association's first women's State championship. She won the championship several years in a row. She qualified to compete in the Olympic Games in both 1920 and 1924, but could not afford to join the team until 1928, when she was selected as a chaperon for female competitors at the Games in Amsterdam. It was here that she decided to begin a career in coaching, rather than competing. She coached swimmers at the Booroodabin Baths in Brisbane, taught swimming at local schools, and trained several State representatives as well as Olympian Nancy Lyons.\nSpringfield died from injuries received in a car accident while returning from a holiday in 1966.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/shes-game-women-making-australian-sporting-history-2\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/springfield-mabel-angelina-1892-1966\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Gilbert, Karla", "Entry ID": "AWE2237", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/gilbert-karla\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Southport, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Ironwoman, Surf Lifesaver", "Summary": "Karla Gilbert's record speaks for itself. She has won back to back world Ironwoman championships (2000 and 2002), seven consecutive Ironwoman series wins (1996-2002), sixteen Australian championships, seven Queensland titles and numerous other championship events. There is absolutely no doubt of her dominance in the sport throughout the 1990s and early 2000's. Furthermore, through her involvement at the highest level, Gilbert has helped to raise public awareness of surf lifesaving in the community.\nGilbert entered the sport in 1980, when her parents joined her in the Nippers program at Palm Beach. She won her first attempt at a professional ironwoman event (the first even professional ironwoman race in Australia) ten years later in 1990. She was only fifteen years old.\n", "Events": "Inducted into the Gold Coast Sporting Hall of Fame (2003 - 2003) \nInducted into the Sport Australia Hall of Fame (2005 - 2005)", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/shes-game-women-making-australian-sporting-history-2\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Wilson, Vicki", "Entry ID": "AWE2249", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/wilson-vicki\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Brisbane, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Netball Player, Sports administrator, Sports commentator", "Summary": "Vicki Wilson started playing netball in 1972 at the age of seven. By the time she had hung up her skirt in 1999, she was one of Australia's most decorated and successful players, having earned 104 test caps over the journey, more than any other Australian player. She represented Australia for fifteen years with the last four as captain. She played in four World Championship tournaments (the most of any Australian player), was a member of a victorious team three times (1991, 1995, 1999), and captained the world champion team in her last game in 1999. She was captain of the team that won the first ever gold medal for netball in the Commonwealth Games at Kuala Lumpur in 1998, although she says the most memorable moment of her career was winning the 1991 World Championship in Sydney. Arguably the best goal shooter in the world in the 1990s, when asked by a junior netballer in 1999 why she had such great shooting accuracy, her response was, '200 shots a day x 6 days a week, and that's 200 shots that go in. I have been doing that since I was 20 years old'.\nA trained physical education teacher, Wilson continued to teach while playing netball, moving to the position of Schools Sports Promotions Officer with the Department of Education in Queensland in 1992. Since then she has held a number of board member ships and government advisory positions, including membership of the Board of the Queensland Academy of Sport. She continues to coach and mentor talented players and works as a senior project manager with Sport and Recreation Queensland in the Queensland Department of Premier and Cabinet.\n", "Events": "aptain of the World Championship Winning Team (1999 - 1999) \nCaptain of the Australian Netball Team (1996 - 1999) \nCaptain of the Queensland Firebirds (1997 - 1999) \nCaptain of the Team that won the first ever Gold Medal for netball at the Commonwealth Games (1998 - 1998) \nFor services to netball (1992 - 1992) \nMember of the Australian Netball Team (1985 - 1999) \nMember of the Queensland Open Team (Captain 1989-1996) (1983 - 1996) \nMember of the Queensland Under 19 Team (1982 - 1983) \nMember of the team that competed at the World Championships in Glasgow (Runners Up, jointly, with Trinidad and Tobago) (1987 - 1987) \nMember of the World Championship Winning Team (1991 - 1991) \nMember of the World Championship Winning Team (1995 - 1995) \nSelected as one of the Australian Institute of Sport' s 25 'Best of the Best' (2006 - 2006)", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/interview-with-vicki-wilson\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/shes-game-women-making-australian-sporting-history-2\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/", "Archival Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/netball-australia-papers\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Pirie, Daphne", "Entry ID": "AWE2250", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/pirie-daphne\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Brisbane, Queensland, Australia", "Death Place": "Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Hockey player, Sports administrator, Track and Field Athlete", "Summary": "Daphne Pirie was a nationally ranked track and field athlete who captained the Queensland women's athletics and hockey teams and represented Australia in hockey. She then became a world-ranked Master's Athlete, winning eight gold medals in international competitions. In 1989 she was awarded an MBE for services to hockey and appointed an Officer in the General Division of the Order of Australia in June 2012.\n", "Details": "One of eight children - six boys and two girls - Daphne Pirie came to love sport at an early age. Her father, President of the Queensland Rugby League and a former champion sprinter, lost a leg as a Lighthorseman in the First World War and turned to sports administration on his return home. On Sunday afternoon outings the family would hold potato races by the creek. Daphne's mother, who grew up on a farm in Rockhampton and worked hard to look after her children and her crippled husband, encouraged her daughter to get out and about and be involved in sport. School sport mostly consisted of air raid drills, but Daphne would swim at the Milton School swimming pool and run at the Exhibition Ground at State Primary School Athletics days.\nWhen the Queensland Women's Amateur Athletic Association re-formed after the war, Pirie began running. Serious training began at the age of seventeen when she was sent with a junior team to Sydney by the Mayne Harriers' Athletic Club in 1948. By 1955 she held 40 open championships in her State and was unbeaten in all events.\nIn the early 1950s Pirie and others re-formed the Valley Women's Hockey Club (disbanded during the war) as a social activity alongside the Valley men's team. In her second year in the game Pirie made the State team, and by 1955 was in the Australian team. She enjoyed the team game, finding it easier than running - 'running is tougher, and it's individual' - and was happy to switch between the two; playing hockey in the winter, running in summer, and working at Whatmore's Sports Store in between. Daphne Pirie was married in 1958 and had her first child soon afterward. The family lived at the Gold Coast and Pirie began playing hockey at Murwillumbah.\nNot content only to spectate when her elite career was over, Daphne developed a career in sports administration. On Ruby Robinson's retirement she was appointed to the Queensland Olympic Council, becoming its first female vice-president. She was founding president of Womensport Queensland and is a director of Gold Coast Events Management. She was awarded life memberships with Hockey Australia, Women's Hockey Australia and Hockey Queensland and is a Hockey Queensland Hall of Fame Inductee. She was a board member of the Queensland Academy of Sport and President of the Gold Coast Sporting Hall of Fame. She was honoured by Womensport Queensland who, in 2006, granted her their inaugural 2006 contribution to sport award.\n", "Events": "Appointed an Australian Umpire (1961 - 1961) \nAustralian Women's Hockey Association (1988 - 1988) \nAustralian Women's Track and Field Championships - Finalist 220 yards (1950 - 1950) \nAustralian Women's Track and Field Championships - Finalist 220 yards (1952 - 1952) \nAustralian Women's Track and Field Championships - Finalist 880 yards (1950 - 1950) \nAustralian Women's Track and Field Championships - Finalist High Jump (1950 - 1950) \nAustralian Women's Track and Field Championships - Finalist Long Jump (1950 - 1950) \nAustralian Women's Track and Field Championships - Fourth Place 880 yards (1956 - 1956) \nAustralian Women's Track and Field Championships - Member of the Queensland relay team to win run in third place in the 4 X 110 yards event. (1952 - 1952) \nAustralian Women's Track and Field Championships - Second Place 440 yards (1954 - 1954) \nAustralian Women's Track and Field Championships - Second Place 880 yards (1954 - 1954) \nAustralian Women's Track and Field Championships - Third Place 440 yards (1956 - 1956) \nBoard member (since inception) of the Queensland Academy of Sport (1989 - ) \nCaptain - Queensland Women's Hockey Team (1962 - 1962) \nElected Vice President of the Queensland Olympic Council Committee (The first woman to be elected to the position) (1997 - 1997) \nFounding President of Womensport Queensland (then named the Queensland Women's Sports Foundation) (1993 - 1993) \nInducted into the Queensland Hockey Hall of Fame (2003 - 2003) \nMember of the Australian Women's Hockey Team (1955 - 1955) \nMember of the Queensland Women's Hockey Team (1953 - 1957) \nMember of the Queensland Women's Hockey Team (1960 - 1962) \nPan Pacific Master's Games Competitor -winner of the 60m, 400 m and High Jump events in the 65 years category (2000 - 2000) \nPresident of the Queensland Women's Hockey Association (1987 - 1993) \nQueensland Olympic Council Committee member (1993 - 2000) \nQueensland Track and Field Championships - winner 440 yards (1956 - 1956) \nQueensland Track and Field Championships - winner 100 yards (1951 - 1952) \nQueensland Track and Field Championships - winner 440 yards (1952 - 1952) \nQueensland Track and Field Championships - winner 880 yards (1951 - 1952) \nQueensland Track and Field Championships - winner High Jump (1949 - 1949) \nQueensland Women's Hiockey Association (1991 - 1991) \nRecipient of the Inaugural award (2006 - 2006) \nServices to Hockey (1989 - 1989) \nVice Patron of Hockey Queensland (2002 - 2006)", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/interview-with-daphne-pirie\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/shes-game-women-making-australian-sporting-history-2\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/faith-hope-and-charity-australian-women-and-imperial-honours-1901-1989\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "O'Neill, Susie", "Entry ID": "AWE2260", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/oneill-susie\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Mackay, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Commonwealth or Empire Games Gold Medalist, Olympian, Swimmer", "Summary": "For an entire decade, Olympic swimmer Susie O'Neill won a medal at every single international swimming competition. She holds a record 35 Australian titles and eight Olympic medals. Dubbed 'Madame Butterfly', O'Neill achieved world number one ranking in both the 100m and 200m butterfly events. She was also ranked world number one in the 200m freestyle from 1999-2000.\n", "Details": "Susie O'Neill launched her competitive swimming career at the age of fourteen, when she narrowly missed selection for the 1988 Olympic Games in Seoul. Two years later she won both gold and silver medals at the Commonwealth Games. At the 1996 Olympic Games in Atlanta, O'Neill won gold, silver and bronze medals, making her Australia's most outstanding Olympic performer since Shane Gould in 1972.\nAt the 1998 Commonwealth Games in Kuala Lumpur, O'Neill once again outperformed her peers, winning a record eight medals, including six gold. At Sydney in 2000, she swam at her last Olympic Games, winning one gold and three silver medals. With Dawn Fraser and Petria Thomas, O'Neill holds the Australian women's record for her Olympic medal tally.\n", "Events": "Swimming - 200m Butterfly (1992 - 1992) \nSwimming - 200m Butterfly (1996 - 1996) \nSwimming - 200m Butterfly, 4 x 200m Freestyle Relay, 4 x 100m Medley Relay (2000 - 2000) \nSwimming - 200m Freestyle (2000 - 2000) \nSwimming - 200m Freestyle, 200m Butterfly, 4 x 200m Freestyle Relay (1994 - 1994) \nSwimming - 200m Freestyle, 400m Freestyle, 200m Butterfly, 4 x 100m Freestyle Relay, 4 x 200m Freestyle Relay, 4 x 100m Medley Relay (1998 - 1998) \nSwimming - 4 x 100m Fresstyle Relay (1990 - 1990) \nSwimming - 4 x 100m Medley Relay (1996 - 1996) \nSwimming - 4 x 200m Freestyle (1996 - 1996)", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/choose-to-win-achieving-your-goals-fulfilling-your-dreams\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/susie-oneill-our-champion\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/the-butterfly-has-landed-susie-oneill\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/a-fairytale-career-susie-oneill\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/mind-games-susie-oneill\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/susies-fairly-simple-path-to-greatness-susie-oneill\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/total-immersion-susie-oneill\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/susie-oneill-madame-butterfly\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/madame-butterfly-mark-2-susie-oneill\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/class-of-94-susie-oneill-and-rebecca-brown\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/australia-at-the-games\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/shes-game-women-making-australian-sporting-history-2\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Trickett, Lisbeth (Libby) Constance", "Entry ID": "AWE2262", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trickett-lisbeth-libby-constance\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Townsville, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Commonwealth or Empire Games Gold Medalist, Olympian, Swimmer", "Summary": "Libby Lenton's competitive swimming career was launched in 2003 at the Telstra Australian Championships when she broke the Australian record for the 50m freestyle. She broke her own record later that year, becoming the first Australian woman to swim the distance in less than 25 seconds. She set Commonwealth and Australian records in the 50m and 100m freestyle at the FINA World Cup and was named Australian Swimming Discovery of the Year.\nBy 2004, Lenton was a dual Olympic medallist, winning gold in the 4x100m freestyle relay with Alice Mills, Petria Thomas and Jodie Henry, and bronze in the 50m freestyle. At the Telstra Trials in Sydney, preceding the Olympics, she broke the 100m freestyle world record with a time of 53.66. In 2006, Libby Lenton won five gold and two silver medals at the Commonwealth Games in Melbourne. That year she broke the world record for the 100m freestyle at the Telstra Trials (also in Melbourne). She won five gold medals and one silver at the 2006 World Short Course in Shanghai, becoming the World Short Course record holder in the 100m and 200m freestyle and 100m butterfly.\n", "Events": "Swimming - 100m Butterfly (2008 - 2008) \nSwimming - 100m freestyle (2008 - 2008) \nSwimming - 4 x 100m Freestyle Relay (2004 - 2004) \nSwimming - 4 x 100m freestyle relay (2008 - 2008) \nSwimming - 4 x 100m Medley Relay (2008 - 2008) \nSwimming - 50m and 100m Freestyle, 4 x 100m Freestyle Relay, 4 x 200m Freestlye Relay, 4 x 10m Medley Relay (2006 - 2006) \nSwimming - 50m Freestyle (2004 - 2004)", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/libby-lenton-sets-new-world-mark-for-100m-freestyle\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/shes-game-women-making-australian-sporting-history-2\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Nunn, Glynis", "Entry ID": "AWE2271", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/nunn-glynis\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Toowoomba, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Athletics coach, Commonwealth or Empire Games Gold Medalist, Olympian, Track and Field Athlete", "Summary": "Glynis Nunn is the only Australian to have won an Olympic multi-discipline athletics event. She won gold in the heptathlon at the 1984 Los Angeles Olympic Games.\n", "Details": "Glynis Nunn began competing in athletics at the age of nine, when still a student at Toowoomba South State School. At fifteen, she won six events in the State championships and set records in five. She qualified for the Commonwealth Games in 1978 but couldn't compete due to injury. The heptathlon replaced the pentathlon in 1981, and prior to the 1982 Commonwealth Games, Glynis moved to Adelaide to train with Olympic coach John Daly. It was there that she married her first husband, decathlete Chris Nunn. Glynis won gold at the inaugural Commonwealth Games championship in 1982.\nHaving left her job as a physical education teacher in 1983 to concentrate on training, Glynis Nunn won gold at the Olympic Games in Los Angeles in 1984, beating American favourite Jackie Joyner by just a few points. Nunn also made the finals for the 100m hurdles and the long jump, and was placed fifth and seventh respectively. After the Games, she switched from the heptathlon to hurdling. She won bronze in the high hurdles event in the 1986 Commonwealth Games, but was later plagued by injury.\nNunn left competitive sport in 1990, by which time she had remarried. She now has an extensive background in sports coaching, and has worked as a sprint coach for the Brisbane Lions AFL football team. Nunn-Cearns lectures in fitness and is sought after for public speaking engagements. She was awarded the Order of Australia Medal for her contribution to athletics.\n", "Events": "Athletics - Heptathlon (1982 - 1982) \nAthletics - Heptathlon (1984 - 1984)", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/official-australian-guide-to-the-seoul-olympic-games-1988\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/australia-at-the-games\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/shes-game-women-making-australian-sporting-history-2\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/the-oxford-companion-to-australian-sport\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Williams, Loris Elaine", "Entry ID": "AWE2286", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/williams-loris-elaine\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Brisbane, Queensland, Australia", "Death Place": "Brisbane, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Aboriginal rights activist, Archivist", "Summary": "Loris Williams was a passionate advocate for the right of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people to use archives as a means of reconnecting with their family, country and Indigenous identity. She was the first Aboriginal person from Queensland to gain professional archival qualifications and only the second Aboriginal person to do so. She spent the last 11 years of her life helping Indigenous people to reconnect with their Indigenous identity and encouraging her professional colleagues, non-Indigenous as well as Indigenous, to recognize the significance of this work.\n", "Details": "Loris Williams was a passionate advocate for the right of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people to use archives as a means of re connecting with their family, country and Indigenous identity. She was the first Aboriginal person from Queensland to gain professional archival qualifications and only the second Aboriginal person to do so. She spent the last 11 years of her life helping Indigenous people to reconnect with their Indigenous identity and encouraging her professional colleagues, non-Indigenous as well as Indigenous, to recognize the significance of this work.\nLoris Williams was strongly connected to her Aboriginal heritage through her mother Agnes (nee Bell) who was from the Birra Gubba people of North Queensland; through her father Cyril who was from the Mulinjali people from Beaudesert south of Brisbane, and; through her personal and professional commitment to the wider Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander community as well.\nShe grew up in Brisbane in a strong family. She began work as a machinist and then joined Telstra as a telephone operator. At the age of 42, having been with Telstra for over 25 years, she was made redundant.\nShe returned to study at the University of Technology Sydney and graduated Bachelor of Education with a major in Aboriginal Studies. In 1999 she commenced part time study for a graduate diploma in archives and records at Edith Cowan University graduating in 2004.\nIn 1994 she began work assisting researchers at the Indigenous Resources Unit of the State Library of Queensland. In 1998 she moved to the Community and Personal Histories Section of the Queensland Department of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Policy (DATSIP). Part of her working week was spent at the Queensland State Archives helping Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander clients to trace their family and community through the records. Apart from a short secondment to the State Library of Queensland in 2002, she remained with the Community and Personal Histories Section until she passed away.\nLoris was an early member of the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Library and Information Resource Network (ATSILIRN) and organized the 1999 conference in Brisbane. She served as President of ATSILIRN in 2000.\nIn 1999 she told the story of her own family's journey through the archives at the Australian Society of Archivists' (ASA) Brisbane Conference and spoke of the 'emotional rollercoaster' that involved. She urged archivists to be aware of both the great happiness and the angry despair which Aboriginal people could experience as they traced their identity and she called on archivists to allocate the resources for indexing Indigenous records so that people could readily access their precious stories.\nLoris was a member of the Indigenous Advisory Committees of both the Queensland Museum and the State Library of Queensland.\nIn 2003 she was involved in the National Indigenous Access to Records Workshop held in Brisbane.\nShe also gave a paper which had been prepared by Kirsten Thorpe , Aboriginal Liaison Officer, State Records New South Wales at the Archives and Records Education Stakeholders (ARES) Forum. This led to the Forum recognizing that the education of Indigenous archivists was a critical issue for the profession. In 2004 and 2005 Loris was Convenor of the ASA Indigenous Issues Special Interest Group (IISIG). Under her leadership the group produced the brochure 'Pathways to your future and our past: careers for Indigenous peoples in archives and records' to encourage Indigenous people to train as archivists and records managers.\nLoris played a significant role in the concurrent official celebrations of the 40th anniversary of suffrage for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people - both women and men - and the celebration of the centenary of women's suffrage. She researched and prepared fact sheets which were made available on the web and in hard copy and spoke about the history of Indigenous suffrage at conferences. The artist Judy Watson was inspired by Loris' work to create her artist's book 'a preponderance of aboriginal blood' on the theme of Aboriginal suffrage.\nIn 2005 she provided an Indigenous community perspective on access to archives at the ASA's 30th anniversary seminar 'Made, kept and used'.\nIn 2006 the ASA held the inaugural Loris Williams Memorial lecture to commemorate her life and work. The lecture which will have a theme relating to Indigenous records will be held annually at the Society's conference.\nThe State Library of Queensland has named a room in honour of Loris and ATSILIRN has announced that an annual grant to assist an Indigenous member to attend their conference will be set up in her memory.\nLoris' dignity and strength is warmly remembered within the archival profession, by the community she served and no doubt by the many Indigenous clients she helped. She was an effective advocate for her people's right to have access to archives as part of a service which met their need for support on their journey into a difficult past and a mentor and friend to Indigenous and non-Indigenous people alike.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Whittle, Jennifer", "Entry ID": "AWE2320", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/whittle-jennifer\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Basketball Player, Olympian", "Events": "Member of the Opals, the Australian Women's Basketball Team (1996 - 1996) \nMember of the Opals, the Australian Women's Basketball Team (2000 - 2000)", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/shes-game-women-making-australian-sporting-history-2\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "White, Tarnee", "Entry ID": "AWE2322", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/white-tarnee\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Redcliffe, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Olympian, Swimmer", "Events": "Swimming - Member of the 4 x 100m medley relay team (2000 - 2000)", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/shes-game-women-making-australian-sporting-history-2\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Brondello, Sandra", "Entry ID": "AWE2341", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/brondello-sandra\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Eton, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Basketball Player, Olympian", "Events": "Member of the Opals, the Australian Women's Basketball Team (1996 - 1996) \nMember of the Opals, the Australian Women's Basketball Team (2000 - 2000) \nMember of the Opals, the Australian Women's Basketball Team (2004 - 2004) \nParticipated at the Olympic Games in Seoul (1988 - 1988)", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/shes-game-women-making-australian-sporting-history-2\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Garard, Renita", "Entry ID": "AWE2354", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/garard-renita\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Townsville, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Hockey player, Olympian", "Events": "Member of the Hockeyroos (1996 - 1996) \nMember of the Hockeyroos (2000 - 2000)", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/shes-game-women-making-australian-sporting-history-2\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Hudson, Nicole", "Entry ID": "AWE2357", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/hudson-nicole\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Rockhampton, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Hockey player, Olympian", "Events": "Member of the Hockeyroos (2000 - 2000) \nMember of the Hockeyroos (2004 - 2004)", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/shes-game-women-making-australian-sporting-history-2\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Lambert, Angela", "Entry ID": "AWE2359", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/lambert-angela\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Toowoomba, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Hockey player, Olympian", "Events": "Member of the Hockeyroos (2000 - 2000)", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/shes-game-women-making-australian-sporting-history-2\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Maitland, Clover", "Entry ID": "AWE2360", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/maitland-clover\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Maryborough, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Hockey player, Olympian", "Events": "Member of the Hockeyroos (1996 - 1996) \nMember of the Hockeyroos (2000 - 2000)", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/shes-game-women-making-australian-sporting-history-2\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Morris, Jennifer", "Entry ID": "AWE2363", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/morris-jennifer\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Maryborough, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Hockey player, Olympian", "Events": "Member of the Hockeyroos (1996 - 1996) \nMember of the Hockeyroos (2000 - 2000)", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/shes-game-women-making-australian-sporting-history-2\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Cook, Natalie", "Entry ID": "AWE2401", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/cook-natalie\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Townsville, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Beach Volleyball Player, Olympian", "Events": "Beach Volleyball - with Kerri-Ann Pottharst (1996 - 1996) \nBeach Volleyball - with Kerri-Ann Pottharst (2000 - 2000) \nCompeted in Athens (2004 - 2004)", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/shes-game-women-making-australian-sporting-history-2\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Carpadios, Marissa", "Entry ID": "AWE2406", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/carpadios-marissa\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Brisbane, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Olympian, Softball Player", "Events": "Member of the Softball Team (2004 - 2004)", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/shes-game-women-making-australian-sporting-history-2\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Crudgington, Carolyn", "Entry ID": "AWE2409", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/crudgington-carolyn\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Brisbane, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Olympian, Softball Player", "Events": "Member of the Softball Team (1996 - 1996)", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/shes-game-women-making-australian-sporting-history-2\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Harding, Tanya", "Entry ID": "AWE2416", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/harding-tanya\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Brisbane, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Olympian, Softball Player", "Summary": "Tanya Harding has won a medal at every Olympic softball tournament since the sport made its debut in 1996. She is one of only three Australian women to win medals at four Olympic Games, the other two being teammates Melanie Roche and Natalie Ward. Harding is regarded as one of the greatest pitchers ever to represent Australia, and has played an important role in some of the team's most exciting games.\n", "Events": "Member of the Softball Team (1996 - 1996) \nMember of the Softball Team (2000 - 2000) \nMember of the Softball Team (2004 - 2004) \nMember of the Softball Team (2008 - 2008)", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/shes-game-women-making-australian-sporting-history-2\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/australia-at-the-games\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Hodgskin, Natalie", "Entry ID": "AWE2417", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/hodgskin-natalie\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Brisbane, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Olympian, Softball Player", "Events": "Member of the Softball Team (2004 - 2004)", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/shes-game-women-making-australian-sporting-history-2\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Lester, Jocelyn", "Entry ID": "AWE2419", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/lester-jocelyn\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Brisbane, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Olympian, Softball Player", "Events": "Member of the Softball Team (1996 - 1996)", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/shes-game-women-making-australian-sporting-history-2\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Colquhoun, Alva", "Entry ID": "AWE2430", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/colquhoun-alva\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Brisbane, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Olympian, Swimmer", "Events": "Swimming - Member of the 4 x 100m freestyle relay team (1960 - 1960) \nSwimming - Member of the 4 x 110y Freestyle Relay Team (1958 - 1958)", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/shes-game-women-making-australian-sporting-history-2\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Fleming, Norma", "Entry ID": "AWE2442", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/fleming-norma\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Brisbane, Queensland, Australia", "Death Place": "Brisbane, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Olympian, Track and Field Athlete", "Events": "Athletics - Member of the 4 x 100m Relay Team (1956 - 1956) \nCompeted in Rome (1960 - 1960)", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/shes-game-women-making-australian-sporting-history-2\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Forder, Annemarie", "Entry ID": "AWE2444", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/forder-annemarie\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Commonwealth or Empire Games Gold Medalist, Olympian, Shooting champion", "Events": "Competed in Atlanta (1996 - 1996) \nShooting - 10m Air Pistol (2000 - 2000) \nShooting - Air Pistol Singles and Air Pistol Pairs (1998 - 1998)", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/shes-game-women-making-australian-sporting-history-2\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Harrop, Loretta", "Entry ID": "AWE2450", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/harrop-loretta\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Brisbane, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Olympian, Triathlete", "Events": "Competed in Sydney (2000 - 2000) \nTriathlon (2004 - 2004)", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/shes-game-women-making-australian-sporting-history-2\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Henry, Jodie", "Entry ID": "AWE2451", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/henry-jodie\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Brisbane, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Commonwealth or Empire Games Gold Medalist, Olympian, Swimmer", "Events": "Swimming - 100m Freestyle, 4 x 100m Freestyle Relay, 4 x 100m Medley Relay (2002 - 2002) \nSwimming - 100m Freestyle, 4 x 100m Freestyle Relay, 4 x 100m Medley Relay (2004 - 2004) \nSwimming - 4 x 100m Freestyle Relay (2006 - 2006)", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/australia-at-the-games\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/shes-game-women-making-australian-sporting-history-2\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Kennedy, Angela", "Entry ID": "AWE2459", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/kennedy-angela\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Nambour, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Olympian, Swimmer", "Events": "Swimmer - 4 x 100m Medley Relay (1996 - 1996)", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/shes-game-women-making-australian-sporting-history-2\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Schipper, Jessicah", "Entry ID": "AWE2462", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/schipper-jessicah\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Brisbane, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Commonwealth or Empire Games Gold Medalist, Olympian, Swimmer", "Events": "Swimming - 100m and 200m Butterfly, 4 x 100m Medley Relay (2006 - 2006) \nSwimming - 100m Butterfly (2008 - 2008) \nSwimming - 200m Butterfly (2008 - 2008) \nSwimming - 4 x 100m Medley Relay (2008 - 2008) \nSwimming - 4 x100m Medley Relay (2004 - 2004)", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/shes-game-women-making-australian-sporting-history-2\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Rooney, Giaan", "Entry ID": "AWE2467", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/rooney-giaan\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Brisbane, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Commonwealth or Empire Games Gold Medalist, Olympian, Swimmer", "Events": "Swimming - 100m Backstroke, 4 x 100m Medley Relay (1998 - 1998) \nSwimming - 4 x 100m Medley Relay (2004 - 2004) \nSwimming - 4 x 200m Freestyle Relay; 4 x 100m Medley Relay (2000 - 2000)", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/shes-game-women-making-australian-sporting-history-2\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Nock, Robyn Jean", "Entry ID": "AWE2473", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/nock-robyn-jean\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Kingaroy, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Olympian, Swimmer", "Events": "Swimming - 4 x 100m Freestyle (1964 - 1964)", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/shes-game-women-making-australian-sporting-history-2\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Mills, Alice", "Entry ID": "AWE2481", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/mills-alice\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Brisbane, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Commonwealth or Empire Games Gold Medalist, Olympian, Swimmer", "Events": "Swimming - 4 x 100m Freestyle Relay (2002 - 2002) \nSwimming - 4 x 100m freestyle relay (2008 - 2008) \nSwimming - 4 x 100m Medley Relay, 4 X 100m Freestyle Relay (2004 - 2004)", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/shes-game-women-making-australian-sporting-history-2\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/australia-at-the-games\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Meares, Anna Maree Devenish", "Entry ID": "AWE2483", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/meares-anna-maree-devenish\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Blackwater, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Commonwealth or Empire Games Gold Medalist, Cyclist, Olympian", "Summary": "In 2001 Anna Meares was awarded the Australian Junior Women's Track Cyclist of the Year. Since then, she has added an enormous array of trophies to her cabinet.\nMeares made an astonishing come back from a very bad cycling accident at the World Cup in January 2008 when she broke her neck. But she fought her way back and qualified for the 2008 Beijing Olympics, eventually winning a silver medal in the women's sprint event.\nIn London in 2012, she rode a brilliant tactical race to win a gold medal in the sprint.\nShe was the flag-bearer and captain for the Australian team at the 2016 Summer Olympics, where she won a bronze medal in keirin. This made her the first Australian to win individual medals in four consecutive Olympics.\nOn 16 October 2016 Meares announced her official retirement from her competitive cycling career.\n", "Events": "Cycling (Track) - 500m Time Trial (2004 - 2004) \nCycling (Track) - 500m Time Trial (2006 - 2006) \nCycling (Track) - 500m Time Trial (2010 - 2010) \nCycling (Track) - Keirin (2016 - 2016) \nCycling (Track) - Sprint (2004 - 2004) \nCycling (Track) - Sprint (2008 - 2008) \nCycling (Track) - Sprint (2010 - 2010) \nCycling (Track) - Sprint (2012 - 2012) \nCycling (Track) - Team Sprint (2010 - 2010) \nCycling (Track) - Team Sprint (2012 - 2012) \nCycling (Track)- 500m Time Trial (2014 - 2014)", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/shes-game-women-making-australian-sporting-history-2\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/australia-at-the-games\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Lluka, Rosemary", "Entry ID": "AWE2492", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/lluka-rosemary\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Bundaberg, Queensland, Australia", "Death Place": "Sydney, New South Wales, Australia", "Occupations": "Olympian, Swimmer", "Events": "Swimming - 4 x 100m Medley Relay (1960 - 1960)", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/shes-game-women-making-australian-sporting-history-2\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Lewis, Hayley", "Entry ID": "AWE2494", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/lewis-hayley\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Brisbane, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Olympian, Swimmer", "Events": "Competed in Atlanta and Sydney (1996 - 2000) \nSwimming - 200m and 400m Freestyle, 200m Butterfly, 4 x 200m Relay (1990 - 1990) \nSwimming - 400m Freestyle (1992 - 1992) \nSwimming - 400m Freestyle (1994 - 1994) \nSwimming - 800m Freestyle (1992 - 1992)", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/shes-game-women-making-australian-sporting-history-2\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Peake, Thelma", "Entry ID": "AWE2517", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/peake-thelma\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Brisbane, Queensland, Australia", "Death Place": "Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Commonwealth or Empire Games Gold Medalist, Track and Field Athlete", "Events": "Athletics - 660y Medley Relay (1938 - 1938)", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/shes-game-women-making-australian-sporting-history-2\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Spencer, Denise Dowling", "Entry ID": "AWE2529", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/spencer-denise-dowling\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Roma, Queensland, Australia", "Death Place": "Tugan, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Commonwealth or Empire Games Gold Medalist, Swimmer", "Events": "Swimming - 4 x 110y Freestyle Relay (1950 - 1950)", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/shes-game-women-making-australian-sporting-history-2\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Skinner, Lisa Maree", "Entry ID": "AWE2625", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/skinner-lisa-maree\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Clear Mountain, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Commonwealth or Empire Games Gold Medalist, Gymnast", "Events": "Gymnastics (Artistic) - Team All Round, Uneven Bars (1998 - 1998)", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/shes-game-women-making-australian-sporting-history-2\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Meares, Kerrie Ann Devenish", "Entry ID": "AWE2634", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/meares-kerrie-ann-devenish\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Blackwater, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Commonwealth or Empire Games Gold Medalist, Cyclist", "Events": "Cycling (Track) - Sprint, 500m Time Trial (2002 - 2002)", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/shes-game-women-making-australian-sporting-history-2\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Thompson, Bronwyn Lee", "Entry ID": "AWE2651", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/thompson-bronwyn-lee\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Commonwealth or Empire Games Gold Medalist, Track and Field Athlete", "Events": "Athletics - Long Jump (2006 - 2006)", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/shes-game-women-making-australian-sporting-history-2\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Simms, Chloe Leigh", "Entry ID": "AWE2660", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/simms-chloe-leigh\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Toowoomba, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Commonwealth or Empire Games Gold Medalist, Gymnast", "Events": "Gymnastics (Artistic) - Team All Around, Individual All Around (2006 - 2006)", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/shes-game-women-making-australian-sporting-history-2\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Barratt, Bronte Amelia", "Entry ID": "AWE2666", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/barratt-bronte-amelia\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Brisbane, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Commonwealth or Empire Games Gold Medalist, Olympian, Swimmer", "Summary": "Bronte Barratt began swimming when she was three years old. In 2009, she received a Medal of the Order of Australia for services to sport, having won a gold medal at the Olympic Games in Beijing in 2008.\n", "Events": "For services to Sport (2009 - 2009) \nSwimming - 200m Freestyle (2012 - 2012) \nSwimming - 4 x 200m Freestyle Relay (2006 - 2006) \nSwimming - 4 x 200m Freestyle Relay (2008 - 2008) \nSwimming - 4 x 200m Freestyle Relay (2012 - 2012) \nSwimming - 4 x 200m Freestyle Relay (2014 - 2014) \nSwimming - 4 x 200m Freestyle Relay (2016 - 2016)", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/shes-game-women-making-australian-sporting-history-2\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "MacKenzie, Linda June", "Entry ID": "AWE2669", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/mackenzie-linda-june\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Queensland", "Occupations": "Commonwealth or Empire Games Gold Medalist, Olympian, Swimmer", "Events": "Swimming - 4 x 200m Freestyle Relay (2006 - 2006) \nSwimming - 4 x 200m Freestyle Relay (2008 - 2008)", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/shes-game-women-making-australian-sporting-history-2\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Lovely, Deborah Esther Ainslie", "Entry ID": "AWE2677", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/lovely-deborah-esther-ainslie\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Commonwealth or Empire Games Gold Medalist, Weightlifter", "Events": "Weightlifting - 75kg class (2006 - 2006)", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/shes-game-women-making-australian-sporting-history-2\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Bailey, Frances (Fran) Esther", "Entry ID": "AWE2723", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/bailey-frances-fran-esther\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Brisbane, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Parliamentarian", "Summary": "Fran Bailey was elected to the House of Representatives for the Liberal Party of Australia in the seat of McEwan, Victoria, in March 1990. She was defeated in 1993, but re-elected in 1996, 1998, 2001, 2004 and 2007. She retired at the 2010 election.\n", "Details": "Formerly a secondary school teacher, business manager, retailer, business consultant, and cashmere goat breeder, Fran Bailey served as Secretary of the Liberal Party Yarra Glen Branch from 1984 to 1988, when she became President. She was elected to the House of Representatives in 1990.\nBailey has served on House of Representatives Standing Committees for Community Affairs; Legal and Constitutional Affairs; Financial Institutions and Public Administration; Industry, Science and Technology; Primary Industries, Resources and Rural and Regional Affairs. In 2004 she became Minister Assisting the Minister for Defence; Minister for Employment Services and Minister for Small Business and Tourism.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Stumm, Lorraine", "Entry ID": "AWE2740", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/stumm-lorraine\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Charters Towers, Queensland, Australia", "Death Place": "Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Journalist, War Correspondent", "Summary": "Lorraine Stumm wrote her name in the history books as the first Australian female to cover the Second World War in New Guinea. Her journey into the theatres of war was most unlike that of her contemporaries. While Stumm was an incredibly motivated woman, it was her desire to follow the man she loved - Harley Stumm - that took her from university in Brisbane to London, and ultimately to India. As a war correspondent and a soldier's wife, Stumm's writing provided a rich mixture of human interest stories and hard-line battle updates. She wrote for London's Daily Mirror and Sydney's Woman magazine.\n", "Details": "Stumm's career as a journalist abroad began in London in 1936. Engaged to the love of her life and struggling to make ends meet, she secured employment with London's Daily Mirror, having 'crashed in on the night editor and managed to convince him that I was worth a month's trial. I told him that if I was no good he could sack me. He laughed at my cheek and agreed.' [1] In 1938, Harley and Lorraine enjoyed a truncated sojourn at home in Australia. Barely six weeks after their wedding, Harvey was forced to leave his new wife to answer the call of duty and embark on a vessel destined for Singapore on August 29th 1939. For the second time in her life, Stumm was grateful for her father's insistence that she become a journalist as her career choice 'enabled her to sweep away any obstacles that threatened [hers and Harvey's] happiness together.' [2]\nHaving earned the requisite funds for the boat fare, Stumm was reunited with her husband in October 1939; a time when the war was far from Asian shores. Returning to work as a journalist, she wrote for the Malaya Tribune. Such was Stumm's determination to report what she saw as she saw it that her candour almost had her deported with 24 hours notice. The contention was based on her 'defaming' of the Governor Shelton-Thomas who was in violent opposition to the 'Buy a bomber for Britain' scheme; a wartime proposal supported by the Tribune. Unwilling to accept the governor's rash decision, Stumm confronted him in a private interview. She managed to retain her tenure, with the governor's acknowledgement that the situation was a private matter between them. Stumm's writing for the Tribune continued uninterrupted until 6pm on June 22nd 1941, when she made the journey to Singapore General hospital where she gave birth to her daughter Sheridan at one minute past midnight. Such was her good fortune that Lorraine barely had time to fret over her husband's involvement in an aircraft accident whilst she had been in labour. Harvey Stumm swaggered virtually unscathed into the maternity ward just moments after his daughter's birth.\nAlmost six months later, on December 8th, Stumm found herself crouched beneath an air raid shelter, Sheridan in her arms. Singapore had become a Japanese target. The day after the air raid, Stumm received a telegram from the Daily Mirror in London reading 'Delighted to know you are safe. Can you become our accredited war correspondent and start filing stories immediately?' Stumm seized the opportunity to take an active part in the war effort and rushed to obtain her official accreditation as a war correspondent. She resigned her post at the Tribune and offered temporary services in the employ of the British Ministry of Information. The appointment was cut short when she was seen with her baby daughter in her arms and was immediately 'released from duty.' [3]\nEarly in 1942, Stumm decided that the time had come to take her daughter home to Australia. Escape from Singapore meant a smooth flight to Java where mother and baby spent the night in a dingy, bat-infested hotel room before making the long airborne trek to Brisbane, via some unfriendly accommodation in Darwin and Townsville. Back home, Stumm wrote a number of retrospective pieces illustrating the pre-war situation in Singapore which had since fallen prey to the Japanese. In August of that year, she contacted the Daily Mirror with regard to some outstanding payments. She was well-pleased by the reply which read 'All delighted you are safe. Money following. Can you represent us at General McArthur's HQ in Brisbane?' [4] Not one to refuse a golden opportunity, Stumm hurriedly made the arrangements to have herself re-accredited under the Australian licence system and thus became the only female correspondent based at General McArthur's Brisbane headquarters. This appointment inevitably led to the chance for another sojourn in the field, but not before her passage to New Guinea had been refused on two occasions. It just so happened that Stumm was present at HQ in Brisbane when General McArthur asked who was willing to cover an attack on the city of Rabaul. Lorraine's hand shot up in the air, the General smiled at her and said, 'You can go tomorrow.' [5] Stumm's arrival however, was a point of fierce contention for the Australian military authorities who had previously barred the way for her. The acting head of Public Relations, Colonel Rasmussen was shocked to hear of her travel to New Guinea and campaigned for her immediate removal from the front lines and the absolute ban of her writing from any Australian publication. Fortunately there was little that Rasmussen could do to veto the wishes of General McArthur, and Stumm spent her time in New Guinea bunking with US army nurses.\nMeanwhile, Harvey had been posted from Singapore to Sumatra then Sri Lanka and India. Making use of professional connections, Stumm was able to arrange for her employment with the British Ministry of Information in New Delhi. She was also determined to travel with Sheridan who, at the age of almost three, had not seen her father since she was six months old. Arranging for passage from Brisbane to Delhi proved problematic for Stumm, who had been warned against making the journey with a small child in tow. At a meeting prior to her departure, General McArthur gave her a final gift: 'I've trusted you absolutely since you've been with us and now I'm going to tell you highly secret information that may be of use to you in your new job.' He told Stumm 'strictly off the record' about a projected Andaman Islands campaign designed to free Burma from the Japanese. He outlined the details of the British thrust on Burma and said it was to be led by Admiral Mountbatten. I was amazed to be trusted with this information.' [6] The family were briefly reunited before Harvey was forced to relocate to Northern India, to fill a Commander's position. Shortly after he left Lorraine was overcome by a feeling of unease which threatened to swamp her at 5 o'clock one Sunday night. This anxiety did not abate as she arrived at the Ministry on Monday to find a telegram on her desk at 10am. The missive read: Deeply distressed to inform you that your husband Wing Commander Harley Stumm DFC was killed in an aircraft accident while on active service with 45 Squadron at 5pm on 13 May 1945. Years later, Stumm noted in her memoir: 'I still believe that in his last moments of consciousness Harley was trying to say \"Goodbye - I love you\"'. [7]\nFollowing the tragedy of Harley's death, Lorraine and Sherry based themselves in Sydney where Lorraine's sister Kate was living with her family. As the war came to an end, Stumm was seconded to serve as a war correspondent once more with her coverage of the Japanese surrender. Her plans encountered a significant setback when she contracted pneumonia and pleurisy. On account of her ill-health, Lorraine missed the Japanese surrender aboard the Missouri by two days. It was, she later reflected, 'the greatest disappointment of my career as a journalist.' Nevertheless, Stumm arrived in Tokyo in time to be the first Australian woman to witness the devastation of Hiroshima six weeks after the atomic bomb had been dropped.\nStumm spent a month in Tokyo, and took twice as long to return home via Japan, Okinawa, Hong Kong, Singapore, Manila, Borneo, and finally, Darwin. After the war, she met General McArthur once again when he awarded her the Asiatic Pacific Service Star for services as a war correspondent in New Guinea. As such, Stumm was one of only two women war correspondents to be decorated in the south-west.\nThis entry was researched and written by Isobel Prowse.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/i-saw-too-much\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/a-handful-of-hacks\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/moresby-from-the-inside-i-took-part-in-an-invasion-and-other-articles\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/the-womens-pages-australian-women-and-journalism-since-1850-2\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/adventurous-mum-was-first-female-war-correspondent\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Hayter, Ellen Mary", "Entry ID": "AWE2742", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/hayter-ellen-mary\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Warra, Darling Downs, Queensland, Australia", "Death Place": "Byron Bay, New South Wales, Australia", "Occupations": "Community worker, Nurse", "Summary": "Mary Hayter (known always more formally as Mrs. Hayter or, in wartime, as Lieutenant Hayter) was an active community worker and nursing sister who served with distinction in WWII.\n", "Details": "Mary Hayter was the daughter of English-born Thomas Edward Adams and his Australian wife, Marion Bruce Gales. Aged 18, she began nurse's training at the Tenterfield District Hospital. She worked as a nursing sister at the Glendore Private Hospital, Gympie, Queensland, before enlisting for service in WWII (Service Number QX23505 (Q70253)). During the War, as Lieutenant Hayter, she was attached to 12 units and served in England, the Gaza Ridge, and Nazareth. En route to Singapore from Nazareth, the ship carrying her unit was diverted to Colombo and Bombay as news arrived of the fall of Singapore. The nurses spent over seven weeks on the water before reaching Port Moresby, and were subsequently shunted from port to port.\nIn 1944, Mary married Eric Herbert Barnard Hayter (1900-1988) at St John's Cathedral, Brisbane. They had one daughter, Erica Mary Hayter, born 11 November 1946. Mary was heavily involved in her local community, offering her time to the All Souls' Anglican Church; the Red Cross; the R.S.L, the A&I Society, the Poultry Society, Friends of Feros, the Church Army and St Luke's Private Hospital in Sydney. In 1974 she was awarded an MBE for services to the community.\nMrs. Hayter suffered from a stroke shortly after her 90th birthday, in June 2000, and passed away in the Byron Bay Hospital in September of that year.\nInformation for this entry was provided by Harold Bruce Edmonds, son of Hayter's cousin Dorothy Ada Edmonds (n\u00e9e Greaves, 1906-1989).\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/faith-hope-and-charity-australian-women-and-imperial-honours-1901-1989\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Bulcock, Emily Hemans", "Entry ID": "AWE2753", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/bulcock-emily-hemans\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Tinana, near Maryborough, Queensland, Australia", "Death Place": "Brisbane, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Journalist, Poet, Print journalist", "Summary": "Emily Bulcock was a poet and freelance journalist. She produced several volumes of verse and contributed regularly to major metropolitan newspapers in Australia.\n", "Details": "Emily Bulcock grew up in rural Queensland and was educated by her father, Henry Burnett Palmer. Her brother was writer Vance Palmer. She worked as a teacher until 1903 when she married orchardist Robert Bulcock. In 1914 the pair moved to Caloundra, where Emily Bulcock began writing regular newspaper pieces. In 1917 they moved again, to Brisbane.\nBulcock wrote several volumes of poetry including Jacaranda Blooms (1923), From Quenchless Springs (1945), and From Australia to Britain (1961). Her verse was published in major newspapers in Brisbane, Sydney and Melbourne. In the 1920s, Bulcock worked as a freelance journalist for the Graziers' Journal and Farmers' Gazette. She was a foundation member and vice-president of the Queensland Authors' and Artists' Association, later the Fellowship of Australian Writers (Queensland), and became a life member in 1965. She was appointed O.B.E. in 1964 for services to literature.\n", "Events": "Career in journalism active (1914 - 1930)", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/the-womens-pages-australian-women-and-journalism-since-1850-2\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/emily-bulcock\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/faith-hope-and-charity-australian-women-and-imperial-honours-1901-1989\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/bulcock-emily-hemans-1877-1969\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Cross, Zora Bernice May", "Entry ID": "AWE2782", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/cross-zora-bernice-may\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Brisbane, Queensland, Australia", "Death Place": "New South Wales, Australia", "Occupations": "Actor, Author, Journalist, Poet, Print journalist, Teacher", "Summary": "Zora Cross was, among other things, a poet and author of children's verse. She wrote for the Brisbane Daily Mail as a freelance journalist, and was drama critic for the magazines Green Room and the Lone Hand.\n", "Details": "The daughter of Australian-born parents, accountant Ernest William Cross and his wife Mary Louisa Eliza Ann (n\u00e9e Skyring), Zora Cross was educated in Sydney from 1905. She began work as a primary school teacher, but left the profession to give birth to a daughter who died as an infant. She married actor Stuart Smith in 1911, but insisted upon living separately. The marriage was dissolved in 1922. Zora gave birth to a son, Norman Garvin, in 1914, after a 'mysterious love affair' (ADB), and later had two daughters - Davidina and April - to her de facto husband, Bulletin 'Red Page' editor David McKee Wright. The eldest, Davidina, predeceased her mother in 1941.\nZora's first book of poems, A Song of Mother Love, was published in Brisbane in 1916. That same year she attempted publication of her first novel, on an Aboriginal theme, but was unsuccessful. In 1917 she published a second collection of poetry, Songs of Love and Life, comprising sixty love sonnets: 'the first sustained expression in Australian poetry of erotic experience from a woman's point of view' (ADB). A number of poems were published in the Bulletin. The Lilt of Life, published in 1918, ran along similar lines, but the inspiration behind the poems - Zora's relationship with David Wright, who had four sons to Margaret Fane - was the stuff of scandal. Zora also wrote verse for children, including The City of Riddle-mee-ree in 1918, and Elegy on an Australian Schoolboy, in memory of her soldier brother, in 1921.\nWhen David Wright died suddenly in 1928, Zora supported herself and her three children by working as a freelance journalist (particularly for the Brisbane Daily Mail), teacher of elocution, actor and drama critic. She attempted to write a trilogy of novels on a Roman theme, but never completed the work. She died of heart disease in the home she had shared with Wright at Glenbrook, in the Blue Mountains, and was buried at Emu Plains.\n", "Events": "Career in journalism active (1930 - 1960)", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/the-city-of-riddle-me-ree\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/daughters-of-the-seven-mile-the-love-story-of-an-australian-woman\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/elegy-on-an-australian-schoolboy\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/the-lilt-of-life\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/songs-of-love-and-life\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/the-hectic-age\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/200-australian-women-a-redress-anthology\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/the-womens-pages-australian-women-and-journalism-since-1850-2\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/cross-zora-bernice-may-1890-1964\/", "Archival Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/papers-1800-1936-manuscript\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "McKew, Maxine", "Entry ID": "AWE2815", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/mckew-maxine\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Brisbane, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Journalist, Parliamentarian, Print journalist, Radio Journalist, Television Journalist", "Summary": "Prior to her election to the House of Representatives as the member for Bennelong in 2007, Maxine McKew was an award-winning journalist with thirty years experience. She hosted a number of programmes on Australian Broadcasting Corporation (ABC) television and radio, including\u00a0Lateline and The 7.30 Report. In 2000 Maxine took up a position with the Bulletin Magazine as a regular contributor of feature interviews with prominent political business and arts\/entertainment figures. She is the winner of both a Walkley and a Logie award and is the recipient of a Centenary Medal for services to broadcasting. She remained in the federal Parliament for only one term, as she was defeated at the 2010 election.\nA complete record of her parliamentary service, including a link to her first speech, can be found in the Parliamentary Handbook of the Commonwealth of Australia (see below).\n", "Details": "Maxine McKew was only five years old when her mother died. Her father had a drinking problem and was ill-equipped to take care of her so, after her mother's death, she lived with her grandparents, who ran a corner shop in the Brisbane beachside suburb of Scarborough. Her grandmother - who McKew regards as the main influence on her life - did most of the work, rising at five to take deliveries, doing the washing in a big old copper, cooking for the family and spending her evenings keeping the books. After three years with her grandparents, McKew's father remarried. Maxine moved back with her father and had to adjust to living with a stepmother and an increasingly 'unwell' father. It was not a happy time. Her stepmother, now a good friend, kept the household together. 'She ran a very tight ship. As I get older, I am more and more like her,' says Maxine.\nMaxine was educated by the Sisters of Mercy at All Hallows' School, where she was known to be a very good student. She began a degree at the University of Queensland but dropped out. Says McKew, 'I was bursting to get out there and make enough money to fly away from Brisbane, and I did.' She travelled to London and worked as a typist with the BBC. From there, her career in journalism developed. She returned to Australia and started with the ABC in Brisbane in 1976 as a cadet reporter for the original This Day Tonight programme. She worked in Adelaide and in Canberra on Nationwide in the 1980s and was also news anchor and reporter on the Carleton\/Walsh Report. She was then appointed to the Washington Bureau in 1986. The early nineties saw McKew take up a position as chief political correspondent in Canberra for ABC Radio on the AM and PM programmes.\nMcKew moved to Sydney in 1993 and worked on the business programme The Bottom Line. When the host, Kerry O'Brien, moved into the anchor spot for the 7.30 Report, McKew in turn became Lateline presenter. In that capacity, she interviewed a host of national and international figures, including Tony Blair, Shimon Peres, Chris Patten, Fidel Ramos, B.J. Habibe and Aung Sang Suu Kyi. In the late 1990s, McKew branched out into print journalism and combined her successful 'Lunch with Maxine McKew' column for The Bulletin magazine with stand-in anchor duties on both the 7.30 Report and Lateline. McKew was also part of the ABC's federal election commentary team, along with Kerry O'Brien and Antony Green.\nIn 2006, McKew resigned from the ABC in order to seek out 'new challenges'. Chief amongst them was winning ALP pre-selection and then election for the Sydney seat of Bennelong in the Federal House of Representatives in November 2007. This she did, and on 29 November, 2007, newly elected Prime Minister Kevin Rudd announced that McKew would be his Parliamentary Secretary for Early Childhood Education and Child Care. Maxine McKew delivered her first speech in the House of Representatives on 14 February 2008.\nShe was appointed a Member of the Order of Australia (AM) in 2023 for significant service to journalism, to higher education, and to the Parliament of Australia.\n", "Events": "Broadcast Presenting - Australian Broadcasting Corporation (1998 - 1998)", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/agent-of-influence\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/the-battle-for-bennelong-the-adventures-of-maxine-mckew-aged-50something\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/beyond-the-disconnect-practical-ethics-interview-with-maxine-mckew\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/the-womens-pages-australian-women-and-journalism-since-1850-2\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/mckew-the-hon-maxine-margaret-am\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Haxton, Nance", "Entry ID": "AWE2869", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/haxton-nance\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Brisbane, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Journalist, Print journalist, Radio Broadcaster, Television Journalist", "Summary": "Nance Haxton is a Walkley Award winning journalist who impressed the judges in 2001 with her coverage of the riots at the Woomera Detention Centre in outback South Australia. She has worked across a variety of media in both metropolitan and regional locations.\n", "Details": "Nance Haxton has little time for recent Australian feature films that represent the Australian outback as a place of fear and menace, a place where women are routinely snatched by psychopaths only to disappear into a vast, unfriendly landscape. Given her own positive experience of living and working in regional and remote locations, she is frustrated by cultural images that serve to deter women and girls from doing the same. Not a country girl herself, (Nance was born in Brisbane in 1971) she gathered many personal and professional rewards when she took on these imagined bush psychopaths in 1999 by taking the posting of ABC radio's sole reporter in Port Augusta, South Australia. Tempting fate as she drove her four wheel drive around her patch (almost three quarters of the state of South Australia) she encountered no serial killers, just plenty of stories about people in remote and regional communities who she is proud to have given a voice. A journalist with a keen sense of social justice and the power of journalism to promote it, Nance Haxton's award-winning career vindicates the efforts of many rural and regional based reporters whose ground-breaking work often goes unrecognised.\nNance's childhood and family life in Brisbane were happy and stable, although her brother's intellectual disability created particular challenges for her and her parents, challenges that she has written about as a contributor to the book Siblings. Attracted to drama and performance as a youngster, she nevertheless decided she wanted to be a journalist at the age of ten and her secondary and tertiary education was geared towards achieving that aim. After completing her secondary education at Brisbane's Somerville House in 1988, she completed a Bachelor of Business in Communications with a major in Journalism at Queensland University of Technology in 1991. She went on in 1992 to complete Honours in Communications, the first person to be chosen to do so at QUT, and graduated with a Masters in Journalism in 2001. Beginning with a cadetship with Quest Newspapers in Brisbane in 1992, Nance has worked in print and electronic media, at a local and national level, while dabbling in the arts. An accomplished vocalist and actor, Nance has also combined her career in journalism with one in the performing arts. The lead vocalist in a local jazz band, she sang the national anthem at Port Augusta's official Australia Day ceremonies in 2000 and 2001, the same years her journalism was recognized by the Walkley judging panel.\nThe quality of Nance's work was first recognized while she was working for Quest Media in Brisbane when her investigation of cults on campus at the University of Queensland was recognized by the judging panel of the Queensland Media's Hinchliffe award for suburban and regional reporting. Deciding she wanted to expand her horizons and move into the electronic media, she wrote to a number of women with national profiles seeking advice on how to implement such a move. Only one of them wrote back. Sandra Sully, a television newsreader at the time, graciously provided some advice and remains a mentor in an industry where female friendships appear to be difficult to cement and maintain.\nNance successfully made the move to the electronic media when she took up the position of the ABC's reporter in Port Augusta in 1999. Working in a one woman bureau without supervision, writing stories for television, radio and the internet, she overcame logistical issues that reporters working in metropolitan contexts could barely imagine. Despite the challenges that working independently in remote areas threw up, including the occasional bout of loneliness, Nance thrived personally and professionally in the environment. She established strong relationships with local people, indigenous and non-indigenous, and has used her position with the national broadcaster to bring their local stories to a broader audience.\nHer effectiveness in so doing is reflected in the range of media awards across a variety of subject matter that she has won over the last ten years. In 2000 her story about possible mining in the Gammon Ranges National Park was highly commended by the Walkley judging panel. In 2001 she was awarded a Walkley for Best Radio News Story for her coverage of the riots at Woomera Detention Centre. She received a United Nations Media Peace Award for Promotion of Aboriginal Reconciliation in 2003 for a report on the Northern Flinders ranges Aboriginal Community of Iga Warta. She received a South Australian Media Award in 2004 for the same story and another one in 2005 for the best coverage of Social Equity Affairs for a story about the fiftieth anniversary of nuclear tests at Emu Field in South Australia's far north; the South Australian Institute of Justice also recognized this story in 2004. In the same year, the South Australian Law Society acknowledged her work as best radio reporter of the year with the Des Colquhorn Media Award. Most recently, she received awards for Best Sporting Coverage and Best Radio News and Current Affairs Reporting at the 2008 South Australian Media Awards. She was a Walkley finalist again in 2007 in the Best Radio Feature, Documentary or Broadcast Special. She is a finalist in the United Nations Peace Awards again in 2008 in the section Increasing Awareness and Understanding of Children's Rights and Issues for her coverage of the Mullighan report into the abuse of children in state care in South Australia.\nGiven the size of her patch, the range of stories Nance has covered is hardly surprising. She has reported on tragedies such as the Whyalla Airlines disaster and subsequent enquiry into the crash, and good news stories such as the initiative of one South Australian woman to coordinate a project that sees Australians donating bras to the help the women of Fiji. When asked to nominate her 'favourites' within her repertoire, the Woomera Detention Centre story rates highly because she was forced to draw upon all her resources to make it happen. Good local knowledge alerted her to the fact something was happening and where to go to find out; working independently enabled her to move quickly; a good grasp of the technology she had at hand facilitated her speedy response and the ability to accurately describe what she observes combined to produce a great scoop. The judges were impressed by Nance's ability to not only sniff out the story but to respond with speed in such a remote location and to hit the ground running once she was there. Fifteen minutes after arriving at Woomera she had her first live cross, telling a national audience that:\n'I'm looking at the detention centre now and reports are filtering out that 80 rioters have destroyed four buildings, including the recreation building, dining room, school and ablution block, and have set fire to more. As well, they are using slingshots and spears made from fence pickets in an attempt to repel the guards. Detention centre guards have used a water cannon in an attempt to break up the group, however they are continuing to storm the perimeter fence which has a number of holes'.\nNance painted a vivid picture of what was happening to detainees in the middle of the Australian desert, at a time when border and national security were staples of the Australian news diet.\nIt is hardly surprising that a journalist should list such a news gathering and reporting tour de force as the Woomera story amongst her favourites. Another choice of favourites is perhaps a little more surprising. In 2007, Nance reported on the rise of the community 'men's shed' in Australia. Her report focused specifically on the shed in Salisbury in Adelaide's northern suburbs as a place where men might connect and 'potter' but was reported to a national audience via the ABC's P.M. program. The audience response to the story was extraordinary as men and women contacted the station to determine the location of their nearest shed, or give information about the sheds in their own community. For Nance, the story was proof positive of the power of radio to bring meaningful, local stories to a national audience.\nNance has moved beyond radio (she had a stint in ABC television as a researcher for Australian Story) and South Australia (moving to Broken Hill and Sydney for a period) in the course of her career. The fact that she has returned to both of them indicates the extent of her commitment to both, a commitment that is unlikely to waver. What is likely, however, is that if a young woman working on a suburban newspaper asks for her advice on how best to further her career, she will a) reply; and b) tell her to pack her bags and go remote. It has worked for her.\n", "Events": "Radio News and Current Affairs Reporting - 'Justice system fails disabled victims of sexual abuse', AM, PM and The World Today, ABC Radio Current Affairs (2012 - 2012) \nRadio News Reporting, 'Woomera Detention Centre Riots', Australian Broadcasting Corporation (2001 - 2001)", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/inspiring-women-in-journalism\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/police-battle-to-contain-detainees-at-woomera-detention-centre\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/coroner-overturns-previous-whyalla-airlines-crash-findings\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/all-australian-boys-need-a-shed\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/bra-charity-giving-fiji-women-a-lift\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/siblings-brothers-and-sisters-of-children-with-special-needs\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/the-womens-pages-australian-women-and-journalism-since-1850-2\/", "Archival Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/abc-radio-news-2001-woomera-detention-centre-riots\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/abc-radio-2001-woomera-detention-centre\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Fisher, Mary Lucy (Lala)", "Entry ID": "AWE2888", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/fisher-mary-lucy-lala\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Rockhampton, Queensland, Australia", "Death Place": "Gladesville, New South Wales, Australia", "Occupations": "Editor, Journalist, Poet, Print journalist", "Summary": "Lala Fisher lived in London and worked as a journalist between 1897-1901. On her return to Australia she lived in Charters Towers and worked for various papers, including the radical New Eagle and Steele Rudd's Magazine. Later, in Sydney, she became the owner\/editor of Theatre Magazine from 1909 to 1918.\nFisher published several volumes of poetry. She was a founding member of the Society of Women Writers.\n", "Events": "Career in journalism active (1897 - 1920)", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/fisher-mary-lucy-lala-1872-1929\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/by-creek-and-gully-stories-and-sketches-mostly-of-bush-life-told-in-prose-and-rhyme-by-australian-writers-in-england\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/lala-fisher-obituary\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/earth-spiritual-verses\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/the-womens-pages-australian-women-and-journalism-since-1850-2\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Webb, Elizabeth", "Entry ID": "AWE3048", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/webb-elizabeth\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Cunnamulla, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Journalist, Radio Journalist", "Summary": "Elizabeth Webb was an Australian household name in the 1940s. She began her career in journalism in Sydney in 1932 on radio station 2FC where she launched a series of talks entitled 'The Women of the Outback' and 'Sidelights on Amateur Jackarooing.\n", "Events": "Career in journalism active (1932 - 1940)", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/the-womens-pages-australian-women-and-journalism-since-1850-2\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Curr, Pamela", "Entry ID": "AWE3242", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/curr-pamela\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Brisbane, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Human Rights Advocate, Midwife, Political candidate", "Summary": "Pamela Curr stood as a candidate for the Australian Greens Party in the Legislative Assembly seat of Brunswick at the Victorian state election, which was held on 30 November 2002.\n", "Details": "Pamela Curr has worked at the Asylum Seeker Resource Centre which is Located in North Melbourne as Campaign Co-ordinator. She is active in securing the human rights of people who arrive in Australia seeking asylum. She is active also in the Victorian Peace Network. She was involved in the Fairwear campaign for more than five years, working to ensure decent working conditions for workers in the clothing and textile industry.\n", "Events": "Inducted into the Victorian Honour Roll of Women (2009 - 2009)", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/carrying-on-the-fight-women-candidates-in-victorian-parliamentary-elections\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Bourne, Eleanor Elizabeth", "Entry ID": "AWE3670", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/bourne-eleanor-elizabeth\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "South Brisbane, Queensland, Australia", "Death Place": "Manly, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Doctor", "Summary": "Dr Eleanor Bourne was appointed first medical officer in the Department of Public Instruction in 1911. Her research on hookworm disease was used in the Rockefeller-financed hookworm survey of northern Queensland. During wartime, Dr Bourne served as a lieutenant of the Royal Army Medical Corps in London. She became medical officer to Queen Mary's Army Auxiliary Corps.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/bourne-eleanor-elizabeth-1878-1957\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/200-australian-women-a-redress-anthology\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Cameron, Marcella Mary", "Entry ID": "AWE3671", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/cameron-marcella-mary\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Warwick, Queensland, Australia", "Death Place": "Brisbane, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "factory manager", "Summary": "Marcella Cameron worked as secretary for Enoggera and Virginia Brick and Pipe Company in Brisbane before being transferred to Virginia, 13km from the city, to oversee the company's brick and pipe works. The works flourished under her management, and in the 1920s she secured a City Council contract for 10,000 pounds worth of pipes for the sewerage of Brisbane. Cameron was able to devise a scheme to protect the jobs of Virginia Pipe Works employees during the depression, earning her legendary status in the local community.\nThis is a summary of an article written by Lenore Coltheart in\u00a0200 Australian Women, edited by Heather Radi, Redress Press, 1988.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/200-australian-women-a-redress-anthology\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Mackerras, Mabel Josephine (Jo)", "Entry ID": "AWE3718", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/mackerras-mabel-josephine-jo\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Deception Bay, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Scientist", "Summary": "Jo Mackerras was an entomologist and parasitologist who began research into fly-borne diseases in cattle and fatal epizootics in fresh-water fish in 1918, with the help of a Walter and Eliza Hall Fellowship. With her husband Ian Mackerras, she joined CSIR's Division of Economic Entomology in Canberra in 1929. From 1943 she was at the Land Headquarters Medical Research Unit in Cairns, where she led pioneering research into malaria control. Post-war, Mackerras worked again at CSIR, this time at Yeerongpilly, as a parasitologist. The lungworm, A. Mackerrasae, was named after her, and she specialised in Australian cockroaches.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/mackerras-mabel-josephine-jo-1896-1971\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/the-insects-of-australia-a-textbook-for-students-and-research-workers\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/experimental-studies-of-ephemeral-fever-in-australian-cattle\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/sheep-blowfly-investigations-the-attractiveness-of-sheep-for-lucilia-cuprina\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/200-australian-women-a-redress-anthology\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/mackerras-mabel-josephine-1896-1971\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "MacFarlan, Margaret", "Entry ID": "AWE3727", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/macfarlan-margaret\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Queensland, Australia", "Death Place": "Gladstone, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Editor, Journalist, Newspaper Proprietor", "Summary": "Margaret Macfarlan and her daughter, Carmel took over the running of the Gladstone (Queensland) Observer in 1947 when her husband (Carmel's father), Colin Macfarlan, died. Colin had built the newspaper into an organ that reportedly 'accomplished more for the advancement of the town than all the public bodies put together'. Margaret followed in the tradition established by her husband, a fact that was acknowledged when she was awarded an MBE for services to journalism and the community in 1970.\nThe papers was sold to News Limited in 1969.\n", "Events": "Active career in journalism (1948 - 1968) \nAwarded MBE for services to journalism and the community (1970 - 1970) \nCareer in journalism active (1947 - 1968) \nMBE for services to journalism (1970 - 1970)", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/women-in-central-queensland-a-study-of-three-coastal-centres-1940-1965\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/the-womens-pages-australian-women-and-journalism-since-1850-2\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/faith-hope-and-charity-australian-women-and-imperial-honours-1901-1989\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Gibson, Margaret", "Entry ID": "AWE3728", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/gibson-margaret\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Rockhampton, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Editor, Journalist, Newspaper Proprietor", "Summary": "Margaret Gibson ran theCentral Queensland News for nearly twenty years in the 1960s and 70s. Established by her mother in 1937, who convinced some local businessmen that they should become shareholders and help her to purchase the Leichhardt Weekly (to be renamed the Central Queensland News), Gibson took over the running of the paper when her mother became ill in 1963. She was the first woman to be elected President and life member of the Queensland Country Press Association in 1978\/79.\n", "Details": "Like her mother before her, Margaret Gibson was an enterprising woman who was very much involved in community affairs in Emerald, where she lived. She became the first woman to be a member of the Emerald Shire Council, serving from 1970-1979. As deputy chair of the council from 1973-79 she represented the shire at regional and state government conferences. She was very influential in the Emerald Arts Council Committee and was foundation president of the Emerald Pioneer Cottage.\n", "Events": "Career in journalism active (1960 - 1980) \nMBE for services to the community (1980 - 1980)", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/women-in-central-queensland-a-study-of-three-coastal-centres-1940-1965\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/the-womens-pages-australian-women-and-journalism-since-1850-2\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/faith-hope-and-charity-australian-women-and-imperial-honours-1901-1989\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Moncrieff, Gladys Lillian", "Entry ID": "AWE3732", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/moncrieff-gladys-lillian\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Bundaberg, Queensland, Australia", "Death Place": "Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Soprano", "Summary": "In 1921 at Melbourne's Theatre Royal, Gladys Moncrieff performed the role of Teresa in Maid of the Mountains to great popular acclaim. After travelling through America and Europe for further training, she returned to Australia to play the title role in Rio Rita. Moncrieff made numerous popular recordings and sang on radio. She was featured on the Macquarie broadcasting network in the 'Gladys Moncrieff Show'.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/moncrieff-gladys-lillian-1892-1976\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/200-australian-women-a-redress-anthology\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Loch, Joice Mary NanKivell", "Entry ID": "AWE3768", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/loch-joice-mary-nankivell\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Farnham, Queensland, Australia", "Death Place": "Ouranouolis, Greece", "Occupations": "Author, Humanitarian, Journalist, Print journalist, Welfare worker", "Summary": "While working as an author and journalist, Joice NanKivell Loch became a volunteer medical orderly with Quaker Famine Relief worldwide. In memory of her brother Geoff, who died in France during World War I, she wrote The Solitary Pedestrian. She reviewed books for the Sun-Herald in Melbourne, and worked as secretary to the Professor of Classics at Melbourne University. After the war, with her husband Sydney Loch, Joice travelled to London, then Dublin. Together they wrote Ireland in Travail. In later years, Joice and Sydney developed a strong connection with Greece, where they made their home. At the American Farm School near Thessaloniki, Joyce worked throughout the Greek refugee crisis following the massacre of Greeks at Smyrna.\n", "Events": "Career in journalism active (1910 - 1930)", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/blue-ribbons-bitter-bread-the-life-of-joice-nankivell-loch\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/a-fringe-of-blue-an-autobiography\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/tales-of-christophilos\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/the-complete-book-of-great-australian-women-thirty-six-women-who-changed-the-course-of-australia\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/the-cobweb-ladder\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/the-fourteen-thumbs-of-st-peter\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/ireland-in-travail\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/the-river-of-a-hundred-ways\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/the-solitary-pedestrian\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/collected-poems-2\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/the-womens-pages-australian-women-and-journalism-since-1850-2\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Lyons, Elvira Marie", "Entry ID": "AWE3966", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/lyons-elvira-marie\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Brisbane, Queensland, Australia", "Death Place": "Sydney, New South Wales, Australia", "Occupations": "Businesswoman, Social worker", "Summary": "Elvira Lyons was a founder of Sydney's Catholic Welfare Bureau in 1941.\n", "Details": "The daughter of a schoolteacher, Elvira Lyons was educated at Brisbane Grammar School and embarked upon a business career, working for Nestles until 1928. In 1934, Lyons completed a Certificate in Social Studies at the BSST. She became secretary of the Royal Society for Mothers and Babies (later known as Tresillian), and continued to serve the Society until 1955. Lyons also became a member of the CTSWA and an executive member (later president) of the NSW branch of the Australian Association of Social Workers. She was a founder of Sydney's Catholic Welfare Bureau in 1941. Throughout the 1940s and early 1950s, Lyons and her sister Kathleen offered support to new migrants seeking employment and housing in Sydney.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/the-professionalisation-of-australian-catholic-social-welfare-1920-1985\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/the-encyclopedia-of-women-and-leadership-in-twentieth-century-australia\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Blackman, Barbara", "Entry ID": "AWE3967", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/blackman-barbara\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Brisbane, Queensland, Australia", "Death Place": "Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia", "Occupations": "Patron, Philanthropist, Writer", "Summary": "Barbara Blackman was an author, music-lover, essayist, librettist, letter writer and patron of the Arts. Former wife of Charles Blackman, she worked for many years as an artist's model. She conducted countless interviews for the National Library of Australia's oral history program. In 2006, Blackman was presented with the Australian Contemporary Music 2006 Award for Patronage.\n", "Details": "Barbara Blackman was born one of twin girls on 22 December 1928 - her sister, Coralie Hilda, lived just 16 days. Barbara's father, W.H. (Harry) Patterson, died when she was three years old, leaving her mother, Gertrude Olson Patterson, as sole parent. Mother and daughter lived together in a series of homes and boarding houses in Brisbane while Gertrude worked as an accountant.\nBarbara attended Brisbane State High School. She was introduced to the music of Shostakovich by fellow students Donald Munro, Roger Covell and Charles Osborne, and began a love affair with contemporary music that continues today. She frequently attended concerts with her mother and her friends. As a teenager, Barbara was the youngest member of the Barjai group of writers in Brisbane. Suffering from poor eyesight throughout her youth, she was diagnosed in 1950 with optic atrophy. Her vision declined rapidly until she became completely blind.\nBy 1952 Barbara was married to Charles Blackman, then an aspiring artist. The marriage was to last nearly thirty years. The two lived a meagre but happy existence in Melbourne, their income derived from Barbara's work as an artist's model and her blind pension, and Charles' work as a kitchen hand in the evenings. Much of this income went toward feeding 'the monster who lived with us' - Charles' studio. Charles and Barbara were to have three children: Auguste, Christabel and Barnaby. In 1960 Charles was awarded the prestigious Helen Rubinstein Travelling Scholarship and the family moved to London. The Blackmans lived in ten different homes over the course of their marriage.\nIn later life, Barbara married Frenchman Marcel Veldhoven. The pair spent twelve years together, living in Indooroopilly, before Veldhoven travelled to India to live and study Tibetan Buddhism. Though Barbara was raised in the Christian tradition, she broke away from the Church in her early twenties and today follows the teachings of Sufism.\nBarbara Blackman lived in Canberra. In 2004, she pledged $1 million to music in Australia: funds have since been distributed to Pro Musica, the Australian Chamber Orchestra, the Australian National University's School of Music and the Stopera Chamber Opera Company among other groups. Barbara had a long-held tradition of anonymous philanthropy supplementing her more public donations. She was the winner of the Australian Contemporary Music 2006 Award for Patronage, and Lead Donor in the Australian Chamber Orchestra's Capital Challenge.\nBarbara published an autobiographical work, Glass After Glass, in 1997. In 2007, the Miegunyah Press published over fifty years of letters between herself and Judith Wright in Portrait of a Friendship.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/portrait-of-a-friendship-the-letters-of-barbara-blackman-and-judith-wright\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/barbara-and-charles-blackman-talk-about-food\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/glass-after-glass-autobiographical-reflections\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/certain-chairs\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/portraits-of-a-lady\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/nigel-thomson-wins-1997-archibald-prize\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/in-her-gift-activism-and-altruism-in-australian-womens-philanthropy-1880-2005\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/a-great-form-of-love-women-philanthropists-in-australian-history\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/in-her-gift-women-philanthropists-in-australian-history\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/from-lady-denman-to-katy-gallagher-a-century-of-womens-contributions-to-canberra\/", "Archival Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/pixie-oharris-papers-1913-1987\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/the-good-looker-barbara-blackman-interview-source-material\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/papers-of-judith-wright-1944-2000-manuscript\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/papers-of-barbara-blackman-approximately-1950-1970\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/correspondence-of-barbara-blackman-with-judith-wright-1950-1998-manuscript\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/barbara-blackman-interviewed-by-ros-bandt-sound-recording\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/barbara-blackman-interviewed-by-ann-harrison-sound-recording\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/barbara-blackman-interviewed-by-hazel-de-berg-in-the-hazel-de-berg-collection-1974-sound-recording\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/barbara-blackman-interviewed-by-suzanne-lunney-about-the-national-library-of-australia-exhibition-celebration-of-writing-sound-recording\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/biographical-cuttings-on-barbara-blackman-containing-one-or-more-cuttings-from-newspapers-or-journals\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/sybil-craig-interviewed-by-barbara-blackman-sound-recording\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "White, Trish", "Entry ID": "AWE4026", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/white-trish\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Engineer, Parliamentarian", "Summary": "A member of the Australian Labor Party, Trish White was elected as the Member for Taylor in the House of Assembly of the Parliament of South Australia at a by-election, which was held on 5 November 1994. She served as a Minister for three years in the Rann Government holding the portfolios of Education, Transport, Urban Development and Planning and Information Economy. She was re-elected in 1997, 2002 and 2006, but did not re-contest the 2010 election.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Bressington, Ann Marie", "Entry ID": "AWE4041", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/bressington-ann-marie\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Parliamentarian", "Summary": "Ann Bressington was elected to the Legislative Council of the Parliament of South Australia as an Independent at the election which was held on 18 March 2006.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Darling, Elaine Elizabeth", "Entry ID": "AWE4107", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/darling-elaine-elizabeth\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Brisbane, Queensland, Australia", "Death Place": "Sunshine Coast, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Parliamentarian, Teacher", "Summary": "A member of a stong Australian Labor Party family, Elaine Darling was the first woman from Queensland to be elected to the House of Representatives in the Australian Parliament in 1980. She was the fifth woman elected to the House of Representatives, and the second female Labor member of that House. She represented the electorate of Lilley until her retirement in 1993.\nWhen Elaine Darling first arrived in parliament in 1980, as one of three women elected, the custom was still to refer to parliamentarians as a collective as 'The Honourable Gentlemen of the House.' When the Speaker of the House, Billy Sneddon, called the House to order, he asked the Honourable Gentlemen to sit. Elaine Darling remained standing and, when asked to explain herself, said 'Mr. Speaker, I am no gentleman'. That custom changed, and slowly, progressively, others did too.\n", "Details": "Elaine Darling was educated at the University of Queensland before becoming a teacher. She rose to the role of assistant to the Director of the Brisbane Kindergarten Training College.\nHer father, Jack Melloy, was a long serving member of the Australian Labor Party and member of the Legislative Assembly of Queensland. Her daughter, Vicki Darling, was a Member of the Queensland House of Assembly from 2006 - 2012.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/they-spoke-out-pretty-good-politics-and-gender-in-the-brisbane-aboriginal-rights-movement-1958-1962\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/they-spoke-out-pretty-good-the-leadership-of-women-in-the-brisbane-aboriginal-rights-movement-1958-1962\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Sullivan, Kathryn Jean", "Entry ID": "AWE4113", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/sullivan-kathryn-jean\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Brisbane, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Parliamentarian, Teacher, University teacher", "Summary": "A member of the Liberal Party of Australia, Kathy Martin was elected to the Australian Senate as a Representative for Queensland at the 1974 federal election. She remained in the Senate until 1984, when she resigned to contest a seat in the House of Representatives under her married name, Kathy Sullivan. She served as the Member for Moncrieff, Queensland, from December 1984, until her retirement in 2001. She held the position of Parliamentary Secretary to the Minister for Foreign Affairs from 1997 to 2000. She was the first woman to serve in both Houses of the Federal Parliament and held the distinction of being the longest serving woman in that institution when she retired.\n", "Details": "Kathy Sullivan was educated at the University of Queensland, where she graduated in arts. She was a teacher, administrative officer and part-time lecturer before entering politics.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/so-many-firsts-liberal-women-from-enid-lyons-to-the-turnbull-era\/", "Archival Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/biographical-cuttings-on-kathy-martin-former-senator-containing-one-or-more-cuttings-from-newspapers-or-journals\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/biographical-cuttings-on-kathy-sullivan-politician-containing-one-or-more-cuttings-from-newspapers-or-journals\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/papers-of-hon-kathy-martin-sullivan\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Crawford, Mary Catherine", "Entry ID": "AWE4115", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/crawford-mary-catherine\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Toowoomba, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Parliamentarian, Teacher", "Summary": "A member of the Australian Labor Party, Mary Crawford was elected to the House of Representatives of the Australian Parliament as the Member for Forde, Queensland, at the 1987 federal election. In 1994 she was appointed Parliamentary Secretary to the Minister for Housing and Regional Development in the Keating Government and held that position until her defeat at the 1996 election. A complete record of her parliamentary service, including a link to her first speech, can be found in the Parliamentary Handbook of the Commonwealth of Australia (see below).\n", "Details": "Mary Crawford completed her tertiary education at the University of Queensland and worked as a teacher before entering parliament.\n", "Events": "For significant service to women, and to the people and Parliament of Australia. (2020 - 2020)", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/sticks-and-stones-report-on-violence-in-australian-schools\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/crawford-the-hon-mary-catherine-am\/", "Archival Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/biographical-cuttings-on-mary-catherine-crawford-noted-in-house-magazine-sept-1989-containing-one-or-more-cuttings-from-newspapers-or-journals\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Elson, Kay Selma", "Entry ID": "AWE4122", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/elson-kay-selma\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Brisbane, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Financial adviser, Parliamentarian, Shop proprietor", "Summary": "A member of the Liberal Party of Australia, Kay Elson was elected to the House of Representatives of the Australian Parliament in the seat of Forde, Queensland in 1996. She was re-elected in 1998, 2001 and 2004, but retired before the November 2007 election.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Gambaro, Teresa", "Entry ID": "AWE4123", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/gambaro-teresa\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Brisbane, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Parliamentarian, Sales manager, Tutor", "Summary": "A member of the Liberal Party of Australia, Teresa Gambaro was elected to the House of Representatives of the Australian Parliament in the seat of Petrie, Queensland in 1996. She was re-elected in 1998, 2001 and 2004, but was defeated at the election which was held in November 2007. Her appointments included Parliamentary Secretary to the Minister for Defence in July 2004; Parliamentary Secretary to the Minister for Foreign Affairs and trade in 2006 and in 2007 Assistant Minister for Immigration and Citizenship. She returned to the Australian Parliament at the 2010 federal election representing the electorate of Brisbane, Queensland.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Hanson, Pauline Lee", "Entry ID": "AWE4125", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/hanson-pauline-lee\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Brisbane, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Parliamentarian, Shop proprietor", "Summary": "Pauline Hanson was elected to the House of Representatives of the Australian Parliament as the Member for Oxley in 1996. Originally a Liberal Party candidate for the seat, the Party disendorsed her in February 1996, less than a month before the election. She contested the seat as an Independent and was successful. She remained in Parliament for one term only, suffering defeat at the 1998 election. Before entering the Federal Parliament, she served for one year as a Local Government Councillor for Ipswich City Council. She continues to hold political ambitions, and has stood unsuccessfully as a candidate for the Australian Senate in 2004 and was a candidate again at the Queensland state election, which was held in March 2009.\n", "Details": "Pauline Hanson grew up in Woolloongabba and was educated at Buranda Girls' School and Cooparoo High School. She was a small business operator before entering the Federal Parliament.\nIn 1997, during her term in Parliament she formed the One Nation Party and served as its National President until January 2002. As a result of her involvement in the Party's affairs, she was convicted of electoral fraud and sent to gaol in 2003. She spent eleven weeks in prison, until her conviction was overturned.\nPauline Hanson became a controversial political figure as she was accused of racism in her attitude to asylum seekers and immigrants.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/off-the-rails-the-pauline-hanson-trip\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/untamed-and-unashamed-time-to-explain\/", "Archival Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/biographical-cuttings-on-pauline-hanson-containing-one-or-more-cuttings-from-newspapers-or-journals\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "West, Andrea Gail", "Entry ID": "AWE4129", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/west-andrea-gail\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Brisbane, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Parliamentarian, Teacher", "Summary": "A member of the Liberal Party of Australia, Andrea West was elected to the House of Representatives of the Parliament of Australia as Member for Bowman, Queensland in 1996. She remained in Parliament for one term only as she was defeated at the 1998 election.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Livermore, Kirsten Fiona", "Entry ID": "AWE4135", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/livermore-kirsten-fiona\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Mackay, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Lawyer, Parliamentarian, Solicitor, Union organiser", "Summary": "A member of the Australian Labor Party, Kirsten Livermore was elected to the House of Representatives of the Australian Parliament as the Member for Capricornia, Queensland in 1998. She was re-elected in 2001, 2004, 2007 and 2010.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/australian-women-lawyers-as-active-citizens\/", "Archival Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/biographical-cuttings-on-kirsten-livermore-politician-containing-one-or-more-cuttings-from-newspapers-or-journals\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Elliot, Maria Justine", "Entry ID": "AWE4142", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/elliot-maria-justine\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Brisbane, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Parliamentarian", "Summary": "A member of the Australian Labor Party, Justine Elliot was elected to the House of Representatives of the Australian Parliament as the Member for Richmond, New South Wales, in 2004. She was re-elected in 2007 and appointed Minister for the Ageing in the Rudd Labor Government. She was re-elected again in 2010 and currently holds the position of Parliamentary Secretary for Foreign Affairs and Trade.\nA complete record of her parliamentary service, including a link to her first speech, can be found in the Parliamentary Handbook of the Commonwealth of Australia (see below).\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Owens, Julie Ann", "Entry ID": "AWE4145", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/owens-julie-ann\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Rockhampton, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Businesswoman, Parliamentarian", "Summary": "A member of the Australian Labor Party, Julie Owens was elected to the House of Representatives of the Australian Parliament as the Member for Parramatta, New South Wales, in 2004. She was re-elected in 2007 and in 2010.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Neal, Belinda Jane", "Entry ID": "AWE4150", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/neal-belinda-jane\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Brisbane, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Lawyer, Parliamentarian, Solicitor", "Summary": "A member of the Australian Labor Party, Belinda Neal was elected to the House of Representatives of the Australian Parliament as the Member for Robertson, New South Wales, in 2007. She was appointed to the Australian Senate in 1994, serving until 1998, when she resigned to contest the seat of Robertson in the House of Representatives. She was unsuccessful on that occasion. Before entering the federal political arena, she served in local government as Councillor for the Gosford City Council from 1991-95. She was not a candidate at the 2010 election as she lost pre-selection for the seat.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/australian-women-lawyers-as-active-citizens\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Rea, Kerry Marie", "Entry ID": "AWE4152", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/rea-kerry-marie\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Bundaberg, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Local government councillor, Parliamentarian", "Summary": "A member of the Australian Labor Party, Kerry Rea was elected to the House of Representatives of the Australian Parliament as the Member for Bonner, Queensland, in 2007. Before entering the federal parliament, she served in Local Government on the Brisbane City Council from 1991-94 and 1997-2007.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Bjelke-Petersen, Florence Isabel", "Entry ID": "AWE4163", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/bjelke-petersen-florence-isabel\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Brisbane, Queensland, Australia", "Death Place": "Kingaroy, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Parliamentarian, Secretary, Senator", "Summary": "A member of the National Party, Flo Bjelke-Petersen was elected Senator for Queensland in the Senate of the Australian Parliament in 1980. She held the position of Deputy Leader of the Opposition in the Senate from 1985 until 1990 and retired from parliament in 1993. She was married to Sir Joh Bjelke-Petersen, who served as Premier of Queensland from 1968-87.\n", "Details": "Flo Bjelke-Petersen was educated at Brisbane Girls Grammar School and on leaving school worked in the Queensland Main Roads Department, and eventually became secretary to the Commissioner. She held that position from 1949-52. She married Joh Bjelke-Petersen in 1957. He received a knighthood in 1984, which meant a change of title for Flo. Sir Joh Bjelke-Petersen died in 2005. As wife of the Premier of Queensland and later as a Senator, Flo Bjelke-Petersen became famous for her pumpkin scones.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/classic-country-baking\/", "Archival Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/class-ms-acc13-034-consignment-received-2013\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/joh-and-flo-bjelke-petersen-on-their-wedding-day-1952\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/senator-lady-florence-bjelke-petersen-april-1987\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/biographical-cuttings-on-florence-bjelke-petersen-wife-of-sir-joh-containing-one-or-more-cuttings-from-newspapers-or-journals\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Knowles, Susan Christine", "Entry ID": "AWE4164", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/knowles-susan-christine\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Brisbane, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Parliamentarian, Sales manager", "Summary": "A member of the Liberal Party of Australia, Susan Knowles was elected to the Senate of the Parliament of Australia as a Senator for Western Australia in 1984. In 1987 she was elected Deputy Opposition Whip in the Senate, a position she retained until 1993. She remained in Parliament until 30 June 2005, having served for more than twenty years.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/provisions-of-the-research-involving-embryos-and-prohibition-of-human-cloning-bill-2002\/", "Archival Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/biographical-cuttings-on-sue-knowles-politician-containing-one-or-more-cuttings-from-newspapers-or-journals\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Moore, Claire Mary", "Entry ID": "AWE4185", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/moore-claire-mary\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Toowoomba, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Parliamentarian, Public servant, Union secretary", "Summary": "A member of the Australian Labor Party, Claire Moore was elected as a Senator for Queensland in the Senate of the Australian Parliament in 2001. She was re-elected in 2007.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Boyce, Suzanne Kay", "Entry ID": "AWE4202", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/boyce-suzanne-kay\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Brisbane, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Company director, Journalist, Parliamentarian, Public relations professional", "Summary": "A member of the Liberal Party of Australia, Sue Boyce was chosen by the Queensland Parliament to represent the state on 19 April 2007 on the resignation of Senator Santoro in the Senate of the Australian Parliament. She was elected in 2007 for a six year term.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Bryce, Quentin", "Entry ID": "AWE4213", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/bryce-quentin\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Brisbane, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Academic, Barrister, Governor, Governor-General, Lawyer", "Summary": "On the September 5, 2008, Quentin Bryce assumed the office of Governor-General of Australia, the twenty-fifth person to hold the office, but the first woman.\nThe appointment was the latest in a long line of 'firsts' for Bryce. A graduate from the University of Queensland with degrees in arts and law, she was one of the first Queensland women to be admitted to the Queensland Bar. In 1968 she became the first woman to be a faculty member of the Law school where she had studied. In 1984 she was appointed inaugural Director of the Queensland Women's Information Service, Office of the Status of Women, Department of Prime Minister and Cabinet. In the period 1993 to 1996, she was founding Chair and Chief Executive Officer of the National Childcare Accreditation Council. In 2003, she became the second woman to be appointed to the position of Governor of Queensland. She has also served as Queensland director of the Human Rights and Equal Opportunity Commission. In 1989 she became the Sex Discrimination Commissioner on the commission. And she was one of the first women to serve on the National Women's Advisory Council, established by the commonwealth government in 1978.\nFrom country stock, raised in a series of small towns scattered around central-west Queensland, Bryce was home schooled by her mother before being packed off to board at Brisbane's Moreton Bay College, attending the University of Queensland subsequently. At university she reacquainted herself with an architecture student, Michael Bryce, whom she had first met as a nine-year- old. They started dating and married in 1964. They now have two daughters, three sons and five grandchildren.\nOf his decision to recommend Quentin Bryce to the role of Governor-General, Prime Minister Kevin Rudd in 2008 said:\nIt's obvious that we needed to have a governor-general for Australia who captures the spirit of modern Australia, and the spirit of modern Australia is many things. Giving proper voice to people from the bush and the regions, giving proper voice to the rights of women, giving proper voice to the proper place of women in modern Australia and proper place to someone committed to the lives of, improving the lives for Indigenous Australians. These are all considerations in shaping my recommendation to her Majesty the Queen.\nOf her own appointment as Governor-General, Quentin Bryce has remarked:\nI grew up in a little bush town in Queensland of 200 people and what this day says to Australian women and to Australian girls is that you can do anything, you can be anything, and it makes my heart sing to see women in so many diverse roles across our country and Australia.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/exclusive-interview-with-quentin-bryce\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/to-the-manor-born\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/polished-trailblazer\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/quentin-bryce-to-become-nations-first-woman-g-g\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/on-the-occasion-of-the-fifth-anniversary-of-the-federal-sex-discrimination-act-1984-an-address-to-the-national-status-of-women-committee-by-quentin-bryce\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/from-lady-denman-to-katy-gallagher-a-century-of-womens-contributions-to-canberra\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/the-encyclopedia-of-women-and-leadership-in-twentieth-century-australia\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/law\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/australian-women-lawyers-as-active-citizens\/", "Archival Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/papers-of-the-hon-quentin-bryce\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/biographical-cuttings-on-quentin-bryce-chairman-of-the-womens-advisory-council-containing-one-or-more-cuttings-from-newspapers-or-journals\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/speeches-by-staff-members-single-number-series\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/pat-richardson-scrapbooks-relating-to-the-womens-electoral-lobby-and-womens-events-1977-2002\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Jordan, Ellen Violet", "Entry ID": "AWE4214", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/jordan-ellen-violet\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Ipswich, Queensland, Australia", "Death Place": "Ipswich, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Local government councillor, Musician, Parliamentarian, Teacher", "Summary": "A member of the Australian Labor Party, Vi Jordan was elected to the Parliament of Queensland as Member for Ipswich West at the state election, which was held in 1966. She was the second woman to be elected to the Queensland Parliament. She was re-elected in 1969 and 1972, but was ultimately defeated in 1974. Before entering the state Parliament, she served as a Councillor for the Ipswich City Council.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/women-in-the-queensland-parliament-1929-1994\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/jordan-ellen-violet-vi-1913-1982\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/", "Archival Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/biographical-cuttings-on-vi-jordan-politician-containing-one-or-more-cuttings-from-newspapers-or-journals\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Kippin, Victoria Ann", "Entry ID": "AWE4215", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/kippin-victoria-ann\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Ayr, Queensland, Australia", "Death Place": "East Palmerston, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Local government councillor, Manager, Parliamentarian, Teacher", "Summary": "A member of the National Party, Vicky Kippin was the first woman from her party to be elected to a parliament in Australia in 1974. She represented the electorate of Mourilyan in the Queensland Parliament. She was re-elected in 1977, but defeated at the 1980 election. She was a candidate again in 1983, but was unsuccessful in regaining the seat. After her parliamentary career she served as a councillor for the Johnstone Shire Council from 1982 to 1985.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/women-in-the-queensland-parliament-1929-1994\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Nelson, Beryce Ann", "Entry ID": "AWE4217", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/nelson-beryce-ann\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Brisbane, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Parliamentarian, Radiographer", "Summary": "Beryce Nelson represented both the Liberal and National Parties in the Queensland Parliament. She was elected as the Member for Aspley, representing the Liberal Party of Australia, in 1980. In August 1983, during her first term in parliament, she was appointed Government Deputy Whip, the first woman to gain the position, but was unfortunately defeated at the election, which was held in the same year. After her resignation from the Liberal Party in 1984 and on joining the National Party in 1985, she won the seat of Apsley in 1986 for the National Party and was appointed Minister for Family Services in 1989. She was the third woman to hold a ministerial portfolio in Queensland.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/women-in-the-queensland-parliament-1929-1994\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/", "Archival Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/biographical-cuttings-on-beryce-nelson-politician-containing-one-or-more-cuttings-from-newspapers-or-journals\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Chapman, Yvonne Ann", "Entry ID": "AWE4218", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/chapman-yvonne-ann\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Brisbane, Queensland, Australia", "Death Place": "Moreton Bay, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Businesswoman, Parliamentarian", "Summary": "A member of the National Party of Australia, Yvonne Chapman was elected to the seat of Pine Rivers in the Queensland Parliament in 1983. She held the ministerial portfolios of Transport and Ethnic Affairs from September 1989 until December 1989 and Welfare Services (later Family Services) from February 1986 until December 1987. She was the first woman to be appointed to Cabinet in the Queensland Government. She lost her seat at the 1989 state election. Before her entry into state parliament she served as a councillor on the Pine Rivers Shire Council from 1976 until 1983, assuming the position of vice-chairman in 1982. In 1994 she was elected Mayor of the Pine Rivers Shire and held the position until 2008 when she retired.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/women-in-the-queensland-parliament-1929-1994\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/no-ordinary-lives-pioneering-women-in-australian-politics\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/", "Archival Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/biographical-cuttings-on-mrs-yvonne-chapman-former-minister-for-welfare-and-transport-first-woman-in-state-cabinet-containing-one-or-more-cuttings-from-newspapers-or-journals\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Bird, Lorraine Rita", "Entry ID": "AWE4223", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/bird-lorraine-rita\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Charters Towers, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Antique dealer, Local government councillor, Parliamentarian", "Summary": "A member of the Australian Labor Party, Lorraine Bird was elected to the Parliament of Queensland representing the electorate of Whitsunday in 1989. She remained in parliament until her defeat at the 1998 election. Before her election to parliament she served as a local government councillor for the Pioneer Shire from 1985-91.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/women-in-the-queensland-parliament-1929-1994\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Power, Laurel Jean", "Entry ID": "AWE4225", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/power-laurel-jean\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Augathella, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Parliamentarian, Teacher", "Summary": "A member of the Australian Labor Party, Laurel Power was elected Member for Mansfield in the Parliament of Queensland in 1989. She remained in the parliament until July 1995.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/women-in-the-queensland-parliament-1929-1994\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Spence, Judith Caroline", "Entry ID": "AWE4227", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/spence-judith-caroline\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Brisbane, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Parliamentarian, Teacher", "Summary": "A member of the Australian Labor Party, Judy Spence was elected to the Parliament of Queensland as the representative for the electorate of Mount Gravatt in 1989. She is currently the Leader of the House in the Parliament as well as Parliamentary Secretary to the Premier and Minister for the Arts, Anna Bligh. She has held ministerial portfolios, which have included Police and Corrective Services and Seniors, since 1998.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/women-in-the-queensland-parliament-1929-1994\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/", "Archival Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/biographical-cuttings-on-judy-spence-politician-containing-one-or-more-cuttings-from-newspapers-or-journals\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Woodgate, Margaret Rosemary", "Entry ID": "AWE4228", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/woodgate-margaret-rosemary\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Brisbane, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Parliamentarian", "Summary": "A member of the Australian Labor Party, Margaret Woodgate was elected to the Parliament of Queensland as Member for Pine Rivers at the election, which was held in 1989. In an electoral redistribution, the seat of Pine Rivers was abolished and Margaret Woodgate became Member for the new seat of Kurwongbah at the 1992 election. During her period in parliament she held the ministerial portfolios of Family and Community Services and Minister Assisting the Premier on the Status of Women, from July 1995 until February 1996. She resigned from the Parliament in 1997. Before her election to the state parliament Margaret Woodgate served in local government as a councillor for the Shire of Pine Rivers from 1985-88.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/women-in-the-queensland-parliament-1929-1994\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/", "Archival Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/biographical-cuttings-on-margaret-woodgate-politician-containing-one-or-more-cuttings-from-newspapers-or-journals\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Sheldon, Joan Mary", "Entry ID": "AWE4229", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/sheldon-joan-mary\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Bundaberg, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Parliamentarian, Physiotherapist", "Summary": "A member of the Liberal Party of Australia, Joan Sheldon was elected to the Parliament of Queensland at a by-election which was held for the seat of Landsborough in 1990. She was the third woman to be elected to the Queensland Parliament and the first outside Brisbane. In the electoral redistribution before the 1992 election, Joan Sheldon stood successfully for the new seat of Caloundra and remained the Member until her retirement in 2004. On her election to the leadership of the Parliamentary Liberal Party on 11 November 1991, she gained the distinction of becoming the first woman to lead a political party in Queensland and the first to lead a Liberal Party in Australia. She held that position until June 1998. During her period in parliament she served as Deputy Premier, Treasurer and Minister for the Arts and Women's Policy from February 1996 until June 1998. She was Deputy Coalition Leader from November 1992 until June 1998.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/women-in-the-queensland-parliament-1929-1994\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/", "Archival Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/biographical-cuttings-on-joan-sheldon-politician-containing-one-or-more-cuttings-from-newspapers-or-journals\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Rose, Merrilyn Miriam", "Entry ID": "AWE4230", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/rose-merrilyn-miriam\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Kilcoy, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Parliamentarian", "Summary": "A member of the Australian Labor Party, Merri Rose was elected to the Parliament of Queensland as Member for Currumbin in 1992. During her period in Parliament she served as Minister for Tourism and Racing from 1999-2004, for Fair trading from 2001-2004 and for Emergency Services from 1998-1999. She was defeated at the 2004 election.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/women-in-the-queensland-parliament-1929-1994\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Warwick, Lynette Robyn", "Entry ID": "AWE4233", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/warwick-lynette-robyn\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Cairns, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Parliamentarian, Public relations professional", "Summary": "A member of the Liberal Party, Lynette Warwick was elected to the Parliament of Queensland as Member for Barron River in 1995. She was defeated at the 1998 election and was an unsuccessful candidate again at the 2001 election.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Lavarch, Linda Denise", "Entry ID": "AWE4235", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/lavarch-linda-denise\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Brisbane, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Attorney General, Lawyer, Parliamentarian, Solicitor", "Summary": "Linda Lavarch was the first female lawyer elected to the Parliament of Queensland, Australia. In July 2005 she was appointed Minister for Justice and Attorney-General - the first woman to be Attorney-General in Queensland. As Attorney-General she oversaw the introduction of permanent drug courts in Queensland and the creation of the offence of identity theft. Retiring from state politics in 2009, Lavarch became involved in medical research and the not-for-profit sector, chairing the Not-For-Profit Sector Reform Council. Lavarch stood as the Labor candidate for the Queensland seat of Dickson in the 2016 Australian federal election.\nLinda Lavarch was interviewed by Kim Rubenstein for the Trailblazing Women and the Law Oral History Project. For details of the interview see the National Library of Australia CATALOGUE RECORD.\n", "Details": "Linda Lavarch was born in 1958 in Brisbane, Queensland. After completing her secondary schooling at Miami High School on the Gold Coast, she attended Queensland University of Technology where she obtained a Bachelor of Laws. She has credited the Whitlam Government reforms which abolished up-front university fees and introduced a living allowance for students with giving her the opportunity to receive a tertiary education [JSchool]. Lavarch's political awareness developed early; she joined the Australian Labor Party in 1982 and while at university was involved in protests against the Bjelke-Petersen government [JSchool]. In 1984 she married her (now former) husband Michael Lavarch, who become Federal Attorney-General in the Keating Government (1993-1996). Together they have two children.\nAfter graduating, Lavarch practised as a solicitor in Strathpine, Caboolture and Redcliffe; she also volunteered at the Petrie Community Legal Centre (now the Pine Rivers Community Legal Service) [Linda Lavarch]. In the early 1990s she worked with Legal Aid, chairing family conferences and working to resolve family disputes. In 1993, Lavarch became advisor to State Attorney-General Dean Wells on Legal Aid and Community Legal Centres [Proctor]. She entered state politics in 1997 as the successful Labor candidate for the seat of Kurwongbah. In doing so, she became the first female lawyer elected to the Queensland Parliament. From 2001 to 2004 Lavarch was chair of the Fishing Industry Development Council and deputy chair of the Small Business Advisory Council.\nLavarch was Parliamentary Secretary to the Minister for State Development and Innovation in 2004; in 2005 she served as Parliamentary Secretary to the Minister for Energy and Minister for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Policy. In July 2005 Lavarch was also appointed Minister for Justice and Attorney-General - the first woman to be Attorney-General in Queensland. She would also assume responsibility for the portfolio of Minister for Women. Coincidentally, Lavarch became Attorney-General in the year marking the centenary of the Legal Practitioners Act 1905, which allowed women to practise as barristers and solicitors in Queensland for the first time [Proctor].\nUpon her appointment as Attorney-General, Lavarch noted about herself that she possessed \"a strong interest in ensuring public confidence in our legal system, and also in enhancing access to justice\" [Cole]. As Attorney-General, Lavarch concentrated on community justice initiatives and the treatment of vulnerable people in the criminal justice system. She was responsible for the establishment of permanent drug courts in Queensland and for creating the specific offence of identity theft [FindLaw; Innisfail Advocate]. Suffering ill-health, Lavarch resigned as Attorney-General in 2006.\nRemaining a backbencher in the Queensland Parliament, Lavarch turned her attentions to medical research and sporting initiatives. From 2007 to 2009 she was Director of the Princess Alexandra Foundation, assisting in raising funds and awarding research grants to support scientists whose budding work has directly led to break-throughs in the areas of transplantation, cancer, diabetes, melanoma and Parkinson's disease. In 2007 Lavarch was the Director of Hockey Queensland, chaired the Legal, Planning and Facilities Committee, and also headed the Hockey Judiciary [Company Directors].\nLavarch retired from state politics in 2009 and returned to private practice as a solicitor at Michael Hefford Solicitors. In 2010 Lavarch was appointed a Research Fellow with the Australian Centre for Philanthropy and Non-profit Studies at Queensland University of Technology; here she was involved in developing model laws for the legal structures of, and activities undertaken by, charities and non-profit organisations. In 2014 she was appointed a Member of the Advisory Board [Pro Bono].\nLavarch's involvement in the not-for-profit sector continued between 2010 and 2013, and included a role as chair of the Coast2Bay Housing Company, which provides affordable housing on the Sunshine Coast and in the Moreton Bay region of Queensland. She was Chair of the Not-For-Profit (NFP) Sector Reform Council, established by the Federal Government in 2010 to provide high-level sector advice on proposed reforms to improve the regulatory environment for the NFP sector in Australia. In 2012 Lavarch chaired and delivered a final report for the Not-For-Profit Tax Concessions Working Group, established to consider ideas for better delivery of the support provided through tax concessions to the NFP sector [Sydney Morning Herald].\nLavarch is currently the Director of Member & Specialist Services for the Queensland Nurses Union, a position she has held since January 2015. She is also Deputy Chair and a Director of the Australian Cervical Cancer Foundation. She stood as the Labor candidate for the Queensland seat of Dickson in the Australian federal election held on 2 July 2016 [Linda Lavarch].\nAcross legal, parliamentary and board roles, Lavarch has promoted and contributed to access to justice, medical research and reforms to maximise the impact of the philanthropic sector in Australia.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/elizabeth-hamilton-hart\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/matter-of-privilege-referred-by-the-speaker-on-9-october-2008-relating-to-an-alleged-deliberate-misleading-of-the-house-by-a-member\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/australian-women-lawyers-as-active-citizens\/", "Archival Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/linda-lavarch-interviewed-by-kim-rubenstein-in-the-trailblazing-women-and-the-law-oral-history-project\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Cunningham, Junita Irene", "Entry ID": "AWE4236", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/cunningham-junita-irene\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Bundaberg, Queensland, Australia", "Death Place": "Bundaberg, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Parliamentarian", "Summary": "A member of the Australian Labor Party, Nita Cunningham was elected to the Parliament of Queensland in 1998 as Member for Bundaberg and served until her retirement from parliament in 2006. During her parliamentary career she served as Minister for Local Government and Planning from November 2000 until February 2004. Before her entry into state parliament she served as a local government councillor and Deputy Mayor from 1988 until 1991 and as Mayor from 1991 until 1998.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/community-mourns-death-of-nita-cunningham\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Miller, Jo-Ann Roslyn", "Entry ID": "AWE4240", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/miller-jo-ann-roslyn\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Ipswich, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Parliamentarian, Public servant", "Summary": "A member of the Australian Labor Party, Jo-Ann Miller was elected to the Parliament of Queensland as Member for Bundamba at a by-election, which was held in February 2000. She has served as Parliamentary secretary to the Minister for Education, 2001-2004 and the Minister for Health, 2004-2006. She is a member of the current parliament.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Croft, Peta-Kaye", "Entry ID": "AWE4243", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/croft-peta-kaye\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Mount Isa, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Administrative officer, Parliamentarian", "Summary": "A member of the Australian Labor Party, Peta-Kaye Croft was elected to the Parliament of Queensland as Member for Broadwater in February 2001. She currently holds the position of Parliamentary Secretary for Emergency Services.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Jarratt, Janice Heather", "Entry ID": "AWE4244", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/jarratt-janice-heather\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Miles, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Parliamentarian, Teacher", "Summary": "A member of the Australian Labor Party, Jan Jarrett was elected to the Parliament of Queensland as Member for Whitsunday in 2001. She currently holds the position of Parliamentary Secretary for Employment and Economic Development.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Lee Long, Rosa", "Entry ID": "AWE4246", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/lee-long-rosa\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Atherton, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Businesswoman, Grazier, Parliamentarian, Public servant", "Summary": "A member of the One Nation Party, Rosa Lee Long was elected to the Parliament of Queensland as the Member for Tablelands in February 2001. She remained in parliament for eight years, suffering defeat at the 2009 election.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Male, Carolyn Therese", "Entry ID": "AWE4247", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/male-carolyn-therese\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Nambour, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Parliamentarian, Teacher", "Summary": "A member of the Australian Labor Party, Carolyn Male was elected to the Parliament of Queensland as the Member for Glasshouse in 2001. After the electoral redistribution of 2008 she stood successfully for the seat of Pine Rivers at the 2009 election. She currently holds the position of Parliamentary Secretary for Education.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Nolan, Rachel Genevieve", "Entry ID": "AWE4249", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/nolan-rachel-genevieve\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Ipswich, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Parliamentarian, Political advisor", "Summary": "A member of the Australian Labor Party, Rachel Nolan was elected to the Parliament of Queensland as the Member for Ipswich in 2001. She was the youngest woman to enter the Queensland Parliament. She held the position of Deputy Government Whip from 2004 until 2007. She currently holds the Ministerial portfolio of Transport.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Reilly, Dianne Ann", "Entry ID": "AWE4257", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/reilly-dianne-ann\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Brisbane, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Parliamentarian", "Summary": "A member of the Australian Labor Party, Dianne Reilly was elected to the Parliament of Queensland as the Member for Mudgeeraba in 2001. She served in that capacity for eight years until she was defeated at the 2009 election.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/biannual-review-of-the-office-of-the-ombudsman-may-2008\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Scott, Desley Carleton", "Entry ID": "AWE4260", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/scott-desley-carleton\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Toowoomba, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Dental nurse, Electorate Officer, Parliamentarian", "Summary": "A member of the Australian Labor Party, Desley Scott was elected to the Parliament of Queensland as the Member for Woodridge in 2001. She was re-elected in 2004, 2006 and 2009.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Stone, Barbara Gwendoline", "Entry ID": "AWE4262", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/stone-barbara-gwendoline\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Brisbane, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Electorate Officer, Parliamentarian", "Summary": "A member of the Australian Labor Party, Barbara Stone was elected to the Parliament of Queensland as the Member for Springwood in 2001. She was re-elected in 2004, 2006 and 2009.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Sullivan, Carryn Elizabeth", "Entry ID": "AWE4266", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/sullivan-carryn-elizabeth\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Millmerran, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Parliamentarian, Teacher", "Summary": "A member of the Australian Labor Party, Carryn Sullivan was elected to the Parliament of Queensland as Member for Pumicestone in 2001. She was re-elected in 2004, 2006 and 2009. Before her entry into the state parliament, she served as a councillor for the Shire of Caboolture from 1991-94.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Menkens, Rosemary Norma", "Entry ID": "AWE4267", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/menkens-rosemary-norma\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Collinsville, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Company director, Parliamentarian, Teacher", "Summary": "Originally a member of the National Party in Queensland, now the Liberal National Party since the merger of the Liberal and National Parties in Queensland in September 2008, Rosemary Menkens was elected to the Parliament of Queensland as the Member for Burdekin in 2004. She was re-elected in 2006 and 2009.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Darling, Vicky Elizabeth", "Entry ID": "AWE4269", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/darling-vicky-elizabeth\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Brisbane, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Lecturer, Parliamentarian, Public servant", "Summary": "A member of the Australian Labor Party, Vicky Darling was elected to the Parliament of Queensland as Member for Sandgate in 2006. She was re-elected in 2009 and currently holds the position of Deputy Government Whip.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Jones, Kate Jennifer", "Entry ID": "AWE4270", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/jones-kate-jennifer\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Brisbane, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Parliamentarian", "Summary": "A member of the Australian Labor party, Kate Jones was elected to the Parliament of Queensland as Member for Ashgrove in 2006. She was re-elected in 2009 and currently holds the ministerial portfolio of Climate Change and Sustainability.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Kiernan, Betty Margaret", "Entry ID": "AWE4271", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/kiernan-betty-margaret\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Mt Isa, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Local government councillor, Parliamentarian", "Summary": "A member of the Australian Labor Party, Betty Kiernan was elected to the Parliament of Queensland as Member for Mt Isa in 2006. She was re-elected in 2009 and currently holds the position of Deputy Government Whip. Before her election to parliament she served as a local government councillor for the Shire of Cloncurry from 1981-1990.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Palaszczuk, Annastacia", "Entry ID": "AWE4272", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/palaszczuk-annastacia\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Brisbane, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Lawyer, Parliamentarian, Political advisor", "Summary": "A member of the Australian Labor Party, Annastacia Palaszczuk was elected to the Parliament of Queensland as the Member for Inala in 2006. She was a minister in the Bligh government, and was elected Leader of the Opposition in March 2012 after the landslide defeat of the Labor Government. After the collapse of the Liberal National Party Government at the 2015 election she became Premier and led the Government for nearly nine years. She resigned as Premier on 15 December 2023 and resigned from Parliament on 31 December that year.\n", "Details": "Annastacia Palaszczuk was born on 25 July 1969, in Brisbane, Queensland. She grew up in the Brisbane suburb of Durack and attended Jaboree Heights State School and St Mary's Catholic College, Ipswich. She graduated from the University of Queensland with degrees in Arts and Law and completed a Graduate Diploma of Legal Practice at the Australian National University. She followed that up with a British Council Chevening academic scholarship at London University in 1996.\nIn 2006 she was admitted to practise as a lawyer two weeks after she was elected to the Queensland Parliament, having made the decision to embark on a parliamentary career to make the laws rather than interpret them. She followed her father, Henry Palaszczuk, into politics by standing for the seat of Inala on his retirement and was re-elected at each election from 2009 to 2020. Having been Leader of the Opposition since March 2012 in January 2015 Annastacia Palaszczuk led the Labor Party to an unexpected victory, becoming the first woman to take a party from opposition into government when she became Premier on 14 February 2015 and she led the first majority female cabinet in Australian federal and state and history. She resigned as Premier in December 2023 and from Parliament later that month. A complete record of her parliamentary service, including a link to her first speech, can be found on the Queensland Parliament site (see link below).\nBefore entering politics, Palaszczuk worked as a part-time sales assistant, a tutor with the Aboriginal and Island Students Service at the University of Queensland, a tutor at the Australian National University, and as an advisor to federal and state members of parliament and ministers. After leaving parliament she was appointed to the Board of Australia Post in August 2024, and from May 2025 has been an Adjunct Professor in the School of Political Science International Studies at the the University of Queensland. In October 2025 Palaszczuk was elected to the Senate of that university.\nIn the 2026 Australia Day Honours she was appointed as Companion of the Order of Australia (AC) 'for eminent service to the people and Parliament of Queensland, particularly as Premier, to educational equity, to multiculturalism, and to public health.'\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/annastacia-palaszczuk-queenslands-accidental-premier\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/australian-women-lawyers-as-active-citizens\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/annastacia-palaszczuk-wikipedia-entry\/", "Archival Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/the-honourable-annastacia-palaszczuk-mp-official-correspondence-2013\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/palaszczuk-annastacia-correspondence-2018-2019-2020\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/ministerial-diaries-of-annastacia-palaszczuk-mp\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Grace, Grace", "Entry ID": "AWE4276", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/grace-grace\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Brisbane, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Industrial officer, Parliamentarian, Union officer", "Summary": "A member of the Australian Labor Party, Grace Grace was elected to the Parliament of Queensland as Member for Brisbane Central at a by-election, which was held on 13 October 2007. She was re-elected at the 2009 election.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Davis, Tracy Ellen", "Entry ID": "AWE4278", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/davis-tracy-ellen\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Nambour, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Businesswoman, Parliamentarian", "Summary": "A member of the Liberal National Party, Tracy Davis was elected to the Parliament of Queensland as Member for Aspley at the election which was held on 21 March 2009.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Farmer, Dianne Elizabeth", "Entry ID": "AWE4279", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/farmer-dianne-elizabeth\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Brisbane, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Parliamentarian, Public servant", "Summary": "A member of the Australian Labor Party, Di Farmer was elected to the Parliament of Queensland as Member for Bulimba at the election which was held on 21 March 2009.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Johnstone, Amanda Ann", "Entry ID": "AWE4280", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/johnstone-amanda-ann\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Townsville, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Community worker, Parliamentarian", "Summary": "A member of the Australian Labor Party, Mandy Johnstone was elected to the Parliament of Queensland as Member for Townsville at the election which was held on 21 March 2009.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Bailey, Margaret Ann Montgomery", "Entry ID": "AWE4287", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/bailey-margaret-ann-montgomery\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Toowoomba, Queensland, Australia", "Death Place": "Sydney, New South Wales, Australia", "Occupations": "Headmistress, Teacher", "Summary": "Margaret Ann Montgomery Bailey was the longest serving headmistress of Ascham School. She experimented with new learning methods, introducing the 'Dalton plan', a philosophy of learning which emphasises self-responsibility and independence, into the senior school in 1922.\nShe was educated at the Newnham School for Girls, Toowoomba, and attended the University of Sydney, graduating with a Bachelor of Arts in 1900.\n", "Details": "After graduating from University of Sydney, Margaret Bailey returned to Queensland to teach. She had two stints at Rockhampton Girls' Grammar (1900-03, 1908-11) with a stint at Girton College, Toowoomba (1903-1907) in between.\nFor two years between 1912-14 she studied abroad. Upon returning she joined the staff at Ascham School in Darling Point, Sydney, which she purchased with another staff Her most adventurous move as principal was the 1922 introduction into the senior school of a modified version of the 'Dalton plan', a philosophy of learning which emphasises self-responsibility and independence. She resigned as principal of Ascham in 1946.\nAs the principal of Ascham School from 1916 to 1946, Bailey was active in the Headmistresses' Association of Australia and the New Education Fellowship.\nShe also served as vice-president and president of the Sydney University Women Graduates' Association, and was an executive member of the Australian Federation of University Women.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/bailey-margaret-ann-montgomery-1879-1955\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/ascham-school-website\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Marks, Gladys Hope", "Entry ID": "AWE4330", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/marks-gladys-hope\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Brisbane, Queensland, Australia", "Death Place": "Paddington, New South Wales, Australia", "Occupations": "Academic, Teacher, Women's rights activist", "Summary": "Gladys Hope Marks was a lifelong supporter of women's rights. She was active in a range of feminist groups, including the National Council of Women of New South Wales. A gifted linguist, she taught French at the University of Sydney in the 1920s and 30s.\nThe New South Wales branch of the Australian Federation of University Women established the Gladys Marks memorial fund to assist mature women to complete courses at the university.\n", "Events": "Appointed Acting Lecturer in French, University of Sydney (1916 - 1916) \nAppointed officier d'Acad\u00e9mie by the French government; awarded les Palmes Acad\u00e9miques. (1934 - 1934) \nAppointed to a permanent position as Lecturer in French (1922 - 1922) \nAttended the International Women's Congress in Copenhagen. (1924 - 1924) \nAttended the International Women's Congress in Rome (1914 - 1914) \nBecame an honorary life vice-president of the National Council of Women of New South Wales (1934 - 1934) \nEnrolled in Arts at the University of Sydney, despite opposition from her father (1905 - 1905) \nGraduated with a Bachelor of Arts and prizes for English, French and German. (1908 - 1908) \nInternational Secretary, National Council of Women of New South Wales (1921 - 1926) \nPresident, Australian Federation of University Women (1930 - 1934) \nRetired (1943 - 1943) \nServed as acting head of department (1936 - 1936) \nServed as acting head of department - the first female acting-professor at the University of Sydney. (1929 - 1929) \nStudied phonetics part-time at the Sorbonne, Paris. (1914 - 1914) \nTaught in private schools for girls before travelling extensively in Europe. (1908 - 1913) \nVice-President, Sydney University Women's Union (1919 - 1921)", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/marks-gladys-hope-1883-1971\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/", "Archival Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/personal-archives-of-marks-gladys-hope-1883-1970\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Purick, Kezia Dorcas Tibisay", "Entry ID": "AWE4384", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/purick-kezia-dorcas-tibisay\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Brisbane, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Parliamentarian", "Summary": "A member of the Country Liberal Party, Kezia Purick was elected to the Northern Territory Assembly as the Member for Goyder in 2008. She currently holds the position of Deputy Leader of the Opposition.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Palmer, Kylie", "Entry ID": "AWE4393", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/palmer-kylie\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Brisbane, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Olympian, Swimmer", "Summary": "At the Beijing Olympics, Kylie Palmer won gold for the 4\u00d7200 women's relay team, with other members Stephanie Rice, Bronte Barratt and Linda MacKenzie. Kylie swam the fastest leg of the race for the Australian team, helping them to a world record time and defeating the teams from the U.S.A and China.\nIn London, in 2012, she followed up with a silver medal in the 4 x 200m relay.\n", "Events": "Swimming - 200m Freestyle (2010 - 2010) \nSwimming - 4 x 200m Freestyle Relay (2008 - 2008) \nSwimming - 4 x 200m Freestyle relay (2012 - 2012)", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/website-of-swimming-australia\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/shes-game-women-making-australian-sporting-history-2\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Schlanger, Melanie", "Entry ID": "AWE4409", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/schlanger-melanie\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Nambour, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Olympian, Swimmer", "Summary": "Melanie Schlanger was a member of the 4 x 100m freestyle relay team that won a gold medal at the 2012 London Olympic Games.\n", "Events": "Swimming - 4 x 100m freestyle relay (2008 - 2008) \nSwimming - 4 x 100m Freestyle Relay (2012 - 2012) \nSwimming - 4 x 100m Freesyle Relay (2014 - 2014) \nSwimming - 4 x 100m medley relay (2012 - 2012) \nSwimming - 4 x 200m freestyle relay (2012 - 2012)", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/australia-at-the-games\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/shes-game-women-making-australian-sporting-history-2\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Langton, Marcia Lynne", "Entry ID": "AWE4416", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/langton-marcia-lynne\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Brisbane, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Academic, Activist", "Summary": "A member of the Aboriginal Bidjara Nation, Marcia Langton is an authority on social issues concerning Aboriginal people. She holds the Chair of Australian Indigenous Studies in the Centre for Health and Society at the University of Melbourne. During the 1970s she was active in the Women's Liberation movement, drawing attention to the oppression of black women. She continued to work for Aboriginal causes and became a key participant in the Wik Land rights negotiations which were conducted during the late 1990s. She has appeared in film and television portraying strong Aboriginal characters. In 1993 she was made a Member of the Order of Australia 'for service as an anthropologist and advocate of Aboriginal issues'. In 2001 she was admitted as a Fellow of the Academy of Social Sciences in Australia.\n", "Events": "Inducted into the Victorian Honour Roll of Women (2001 - 2001)", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/australian-feminism-a-companion\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/the-encyclopedia-of-women-and-leadership-in-twentieth-century-australia\/", "Archival Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/biographical-cuttings-on-marcia-langton-academic-containing-one-or-more-cuttings-from-newspapers-or-journals\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/night-cries-a-rural-tragedy\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Plant, Merilyn", "Entry ID": "AWE4474", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/plant-merilyn\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Toowoomba, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Agriculturalist, Farmer, Marketing officer", "Summary": "Merilyn Plant was a nominee for the ABC Rural Woman of the year Award in 1994. She and her husband run a Poll Hereford Stud Farm near Toowoomba, in Queensland.\n", "Details": "A self-described 'city slicker' from Towoomba, Merilyn Plant only came to agriculture when she married a farmer. She admits to being quite lonely for the first few years as she made the adjustment to life on the land. Loneliness is what prompted her to establish in 1971 the 'Poll-Hers', a social support group for women like herself, living on Poll Hereford farms. She felt that women needed to have some means of contacting people beyond the farm gate.\nWhen her husband became state president of the Poll Hereford Society , she convinced him to allow her to invite the wives to their annual meeting, so that they could have a separate gathering. Not all women were allowed to come when the invitations were first issued. It seems that there was quite a bit of opposition to the ladies meeting together in some quarters. 'I think they thought we were going to run up the national debt' says Merilyn. Only women with what she referred to as 'enlightened husbands' were allowed to come.\nIt started as a social thing - going to galleries and having lunches and teas etc. in Toowoomba - but grew into something more. The women began to think about how they could promote poll Herefords and beef in general. Still a social organisation the Poll -Hers nevertheless decided that they wanted to do something to support farming activities.\nThey decided upon publishing a recipe book containing nothing but their favourite beef recipes. This good idea proved difficult to implement - no-one was prepared to lend the women the money to cover the printing costs. They eventually had to rely on the aid of three men who put the money up front. Their faith in the venture was rewarded. The book sold 25,000 copies. They had an easy distribution point through which to sell - hundreds of local butcher's shops around the nation. After the book, they moved into other forms of merchandise marketing - t-shirts, caps, teaspoons. When it came to advertising their product - the Poll-Hers were leaders in the field for their industry.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/the-poll-hers-pantry-presents-basic-beef\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/", "Archival Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/merilyn-plant-interviewed-by-ros-bowden-in-the-women-of-the-land-oral-history-project-sound-recording\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/women-of-the-land-oral-history-project\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Salvetti, Maryann", "Entry ID": "AWE4503", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/salvetti-maryann\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Businesswoman, Community stalwart, Farmer", "Summary": "Maryann Salvetti was state winner for Queensland of the ABC Rural Woman of the year award in 1997, representing the far northern region. She has roughly thirty years as a primary producer in the region; she and her family have produced maize, peanuts, potatoes, navy beans, mangoes, and over 10 different grasses (including sugar cane) and legume crops on their mixed farming properties near Tolga on the Atherton Tablelands. She is co-managing director and marketing manager for North Queensland Tropical Seeds, a wholesale, processing and exporting company supplying seed to both the domestic and international markets.\nA sugar grower for twenty years, Maryann has expanded her interest and commitment to the industry beyond the farm gate. She has serves as the chairperson of Tableland Sugar Services, a director of Tableland Canegrowers Limited, Queensland Sugar Limited, a board member of the Bureau of Sugar Experiment Stations (BSES) and Tableland Contracting Services Pty Ltd, Tanita Pty Ltd and secretary\/public officer of Tableland Sugar Pty Ltd. She played a crucial role in the construction of a sugar mill on the Atherton Tablelands which opened in 1998.\nMaryann's commitment to industry and community has been recognised in a variety of forums besides in the ABC Rural Woman of the Year Award. She has been an Atherton Shire Australia Citizen of the Year and was awarded a Centenary Medal in 2001. She won a bursary that enabled her to attend the Second International Women in 1998.\n", "Details": "When Maryann Salvetti, from Tolga in the Atherton Tablelands, was announced Queensland Rural Woman of the Year in 1997, she was in the thick of overseeing the establishment of the first new sugar mill to be opened in Queensland in over seventy years. Administering Tablelands Canegrowers from a home office, while juggling family business interests and the raising of three children, she was co-ordinating the set-up of more than 50 new cane farms which were to supply the new Bundaberg Sugar Company mill at Mareeba, due to open next June. 'Because we are a completely new industry, we've been able to plug into all the most modern technology. I can't wait for the opening. There's going to be a big party,' she said.\nFast forward fourteen years and Maryann is still a spokeswoman for North Queensland cane producers. Angry at the overseas owners of the mill she helped to establish, over extraordinary marketing charges they have passed on to local growers, Maryann is front and centre in the group of growers disputing the charges and standing up for their rights. The Deputy Chair of the industry group, Canegrowers, is one of a number of canegrowers calling upon the mill owners to 'do the right thing and play fair' for the sake of canegrowers, families and local communities who, in the last six months have endured a category five cyclone and the worst harvest on record.\nMaryann has high praise for the ABC Radio Awards as a mechanism for encouraging women to 'get involved in their industries'. A farmer for over thirty years, Maryann Salvetti and her family have long been innovators and experimenters to get a competitive edge. They have produced maize, peanuts, potatoes, navy beans, mangoes, and over 10 different grasses and legume crops on their three mixed farming properties near Tolga on the Atherton Tablelands, more recently branching out into sugar and seeds. North Queensland Tropical Seeds supplies seeds to both domestic and export markets, specialising in legume seeds for the northern New South Wales and Queensland Sugar Industries. Diversity appears to have been the source of their long term success. 'Farming is not about lifestyle anymore,' Salvetti said in 1997. 'It's a business where you have got to be innovative and stay one step ahead of the competition.'\nShe has always been an active partner and manager in her own business and an active participant in the community it supports, as this ABC award, and others, acknowledge. Maryann is currently (2011) chairperson of Tableland Sugar Services, a director and deputy chair of Tableland Canegrowers Limited, Tableland Contracting Services Pty Ltd, Tanita Pty Ltd and secretary\/public officer of Tableland Sugar Pty Ltd. Maryann was a director of BSES Ltd (formerly the Bureau if Sugar Experiment Stations. She is a past, Atherton Shire Australia Citizen of the Year and was awarded a Centenary Medal in 2001 for services to the Rural Community.\nIn 1998 she was one of three Queensland women to win bursaries funding them to attend the Second Women in Agriculture conference held in Washington D.C. The conference was an important opportunity to raise the profile of women in Australian agriculture on an international level, as well as creating networks and contacts and gathering knowledge to share with interested women back home.\nMaryann did precisely that when she got home. She helped establish the Tablelands Agribusiness Women's Group. From speaking with women in her own network, Maryann observed that:\nLots of women want to be involved in the executive of their organisations but they lack the skills and confidence. The Tablelands Agribusiness Women's Group is about building that confidence and accessing skills that will qualify them for those roles\u2026 This group is about training women, and giving them the confidence and skills to attend local community and industry meetings, get known, have their say and get elected.\nMaryann was also involved in organising the 1999 World Rural Women's Day celebrations at Mareeba. On hearing her speak at that occasion, another ten women approached her about joining the rapidly growing group. She was delighted by the response and noted that 'the women's commitment to their industries, and the understanding they have of each other's needs and level of confidence, is a valuable resource for industry, community and government alike'.\nDescribed as 'an outstanding ambassador for her state', Maryann Salvetti was the final Queensland winner of the ABC version of the award that established roots in her state. Fitting, given that it was the brainchild of the grand-daughter of a cane-farmer, that it should go to someone who is still representing that industry's interests.\n", "Events": "Winner - ABC Queensland Rural Woman of the Year (1997 - 1997)", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/1997-abc-queensland-rural-woman-of-the-year-award-winners\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/tableland-farmer-claims-rural-woman-award\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/whats-on\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/rural-women-break-new-ground\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/north-queensland-tropical-seeds-website\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/media-release-formal-dispute-lodged-on-recalcitrant-mill-by-far-northern-cane-growers\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/vision-for-change-national-plan-for-women-in-agriculture-and-resource-management\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/brilliant-ideas-and-huge-visions-abc-radio-australian-rural-women-of-the-year-1994-1997\/", "Archival Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/biographical-cuttings-on-maryann-salvetti-farmer-containing-one-or-more-cuttings-from-newspapers-or-journals\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Paton, Sandy", "Entry ID": "AWE4504", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/paton-sandy\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Community development worker, Community stalwart, Environmentalist", "Summary": "Sandy Paton was a regional winner of the ABC Rural Woman if the Year Award for the Queensland district of Capricornia in 1997. Then and now, her interest has been in the creation of sustainable futures and communities in regional and rural Australia. She has had a long-term commitment to Landcare Australia and has been constantly travelling in her region to promote it and to educate people on sustainable farming practices.\nHaving spent thirty years living in isolated regional communities in Queensland, Sandy has a broad understanding of the range of issues confronting rural and regional Queenslanders. She has many years experience working in paid and voluntary positions in community organisations. She has worked as a Community Sector Development Worker in the Rockhampton region, and was employed by Central Queensland University's Institute for Sustainable Regional Development. She has served on several Ministerial advisory panels and boards.\n", "Events": "Nominated for ABC Rural Woman of the Year in Queensland (1997 - 1997)", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/1997-abc-queensland-rural-woman-of-the-year-award-winners\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/brilliant-ideas-and-huge-visions-abc-radio-australian-rural-women-of-the-year-1994-1997\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Vlahos, Leesa", "Entry ID": "AWE4513", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/vlahos-leesa\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Parliamentarian", "Summary": "A member of the Australian Labor Party, Leesa Vlahos was elected to the seat of Taylor in the House of Assembly of the Parliament of South Australia at the election, which was held on 20 March 2010.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Waters, Larissa", "Entry ID": "AWE4582", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/waters-larissa\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Brisbane, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Lawyer, Parliamentarian", "Summary": "A member of the Greens Party, Larissa Waters was elected to the Senate of the Australian Parliament representing the state of Queensland at the federal election, which was held on 21 August 2010. She took her seat in the Senate on 1 July 2011.\nShe became Leader of the Federal Parliamentary Australian Greens on 15 May 2025.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/mills-mines-and-other-controversies-the-environmental-assessment-of-major-projects\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/australian-women-lawyers-as-active-citizens\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Eckford, Shirley Anne", "Entry ID": "AWE4589", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/eckford-shirley-anne\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Hughenden, Queensland, Australia", "Death Place": "Townsville, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Community stalwart, Pastoralist", "Summary": "Shirley Eckford was nominated for the ABC Rural Woman of the Year Award in 1995, for the Carpentaria district in Queensland.\nShe was a community stalwart in the Julia Creek area, having been awarded the Australia Day Citizens Award twice, the Queensland Day Community Service Award once and maintaining an extremely active profile in the community arts sector, including teaching pottery. In 2007, Julia Creek's centenary year, she researched and published a history of the district that was launched by the then Governor of Queensland, Quentin Bryce. She was received an Order of Australia Medal in 2010 and continued to live in Julia Creek until her final years in aged care in Townsville.\n", "Events": "Nominated for ABC Rural Woman of the Year in Queensland (1995 - 1995)", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/shirley-a-shining-light-in-julia-creek\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/brilliant-ideas-and-huge-visions-abc-radio-australian-rural-women-of-the-year-1994-1997\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "O'Brien, Clair", "Entry ID": "AWE4630", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/obrien-clair\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Babinda, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Cattle Farmer, Community stalwart, Local government councillor, Pastoralist", "Summary": "Clair O'Brien was the State winner (for the Northern Territory) of the ABC Rural Woman of the Year Award in 1996. She is a pastoralist and community worker with a strong commitment to improving the lives of women and children in remote and isolated communities.\n", "Details": "Clair O'Brien says that being announced the Northern Territory winner of the ABC Radio Rural woman of the year award in 1996 came as a 'huge surprise', but a marvellous one all the same. In her view, it wasn't only her twenty-five year career in the bush that had been recognised, it was those of all the families living in regional and remote Australia. Running a cattle station at Carmor Plains, 210 km east of Darwin at the time, Clair believes that it all comes back to family. 'When you are as isolated as we have been, family is your only support network'. Little wonder, then, that the vision for the future she articulated for the judges of the ABC Award was family-centric! 'The successful family unit is my vision for rural Australia - there is no more practical support mechanism than THE FAMILY.'\nHer own physical isolation, however, has not stopped Clair from making sure that other people in remote and isolated locations can learn from her experiences. 'People think our lives in the bush must be quite boring,' she observes, 'but their eyes pop out when they see how much we've got to cope with.' Her consistent effort to offer advice and guidance to others in her position, helping them to cope, has been her hallmark. Even when that effort came in the form of a regular newspaper column, it came from someone who truly believes that 'sharing the knowledge' is the best way to lead people through tough times. 'I know I am nothing special,' she says:\nThere are plenty of other women living and doing exactly what I am doing and raising a family and trying to keep them and their business on an even keel. I do feel special though in the fact that I have the opportunity to share some of my family experiences in a way that may help another rural woman somewhere, realise that she is not alone; that she can relate to what I have to say in my column - that she too has 'been there done that' - and that then she also feels some sort of achievement and recognition.\nAs a winner of the ABC Northern Territory Woman of the Year Award, Clair O'Brien was eager to share the glory, with her family, here community and with all the other rural women she knows are doing amazing things in just getting by.\nA native of Northern Queensland, Clair is the middle one of three sisters brought up on sugar cane farms around Cairns in the 1950s and 60s. The first in her family to complete senior high school, Clair planned to go to teacher's college in Brisbane once she completed school. A short stint in the city, however, taught her that it was never going to work. Brought up in space, she needed it to thrive and so decided she wouldn't live in town if she didn't have to. She returned to her family home near Cairns and secured a position as governess on a property at Mt Garnet, roughly 1000 kilometers west of Cairns. She has moved from Mt Garnet to the Northern Territory, but since that short sortie into Brisbane, Clair has never lived south of the Tropic of Capricorn.\nClair met her husband, Michael, while she was a governess at Mt Garnet and he was working on the next door property. The married in 1970 and she moved to the property he and his family established from scratch in 1964 in the Valley of Lagoons region, Craig's Pocket. Clair was used to outback living, but it would be fair to say that the conditions at her new home were rough. There were no services, including no running water, which needed to be fetched from the creek. Wood stoves in searing heat, kerosene fridges and pit toilets were the appliances available. Cows, chickens, pigs and vegetable gardens were the 'supermarket'. It was 1976 before they had a home generator for power on the property; 1989 before they had a telephone. The two way radio was their lifeline, functioning as an emergency services provider, educator, business facilitator and social network. 'You wonder how we managed to run a business,' she says, 'but we did and quite successfully, it seems'.\nYou also wonder how she managed to run a family! If anyone understands the challenges faced by parents of children in remote and isolated locations, it is Claire O'Brien. With four children under the age of five, Claire had her work cut out for her. They were all distance educated for their primary schooling, and Claire played a major role in that, recruiting a governess at times for assistance. The children 'attended' the School of the Air and had their lessons supplemented by correspondence classes. The classes were generally looked forward to, although Claire soon realised that there was little to no coordination between what was being taught over the airwaves and through the mail. Her first foray, arguably, into campaigning on behalf of families in remote Australia, was when she lobbied for the improvement of the delivery of education to children in isolated communities.\nClaire's experience also demonstrates how hard it is for parents in isolated communities to gain access to a range of services and experiences that urban dwellers take for granted. One of her children had a speech impediment that health authorities claimed was behavioural and that would improve if she changed her behaviour. They offered her no support or assistance, and the experience was both worrying and demoralizing. Living in isolation, and without a network of support or a basis of comparison, it was hard for her to argue against this diagnosis, or ask for the advice of other parents in the community. Nevertheless, her instincts told her that she should persist and get a second and third opinion. Eventually, she found someone who confirmed her suspicions that the impediment was the result of a physical condition that could be fixed through a course of speech therapy.\nThe unhappy battle with health authorities knocked her confidence about and reinforced the importance of organisations such as the Isolated Children's Parents Association (ICPA), of which Clair is now a life member. Through the airwaves, she was actively involved in a number of organisations, including ICPA, the Country Women's Association and the Parents and Citizens Association of the School of the Air. These organisations, she says, were as much a lifeline to the members as the airwaves that carried the meetings. They helped isolated women to keep in touch and to gather the confidence to trust their instincts.\nAfter establishing a successful business in northern Queensland, the O'Brien's decided to transport their operations over the border into the Northern Territory. Carmor Plains, in the Northern Territory flood plains, shared a border with Kakadu National Park and presented the O'Brien's with a series of challenges and interests that were not part of the Mt Garnet experience! Being less isolated geographically made it easier for Clair to become involved in community organisations in a 'hands on' and practical way. Smaller distances, better roads and cars meant sharing knowledge with real people could be a reality. Clair was elected President\/ Secretary of the Lower Mary River Landcare Group, and also represented Coastal, Rural and Horticultural Groups on the Landcare Council of the Northern Territory, where she was a member of the regional and state assessment panels for the National Landcare Program submissions. Her environmental concerns became personal; she embarked on a mission to rid the country of feral pigs and make money out of it. 'Feral pigs degrade the land, but rather than leaving them, we've decided to use them as an export product and put the returns back into the property.' They must have made good eating - she served some up an Australian Women in Agriculture dinner one year, much to the appreciation of the diners.\nIt was while she was living at Carmor Plains that Clair won the Northern Territory Rural Woman of the Year Award. It was very important to her, not only as a measure of recognition of her own community involvement and vision, but because it focused attention and resources on other Territory women. Like other winners, she got an enormous amount out of the Canberra awards ceremony and training program, especially the networking opportunities that it provided. 'Everyone who attended was a winner,' she said. She is certain that it encouraged more women to get out, speak their minds and get involved in community organisations, although she points out that, due to the relatively small population, the Territory has always provided opportunities for women that might not be possible in other states. It encouraged her to continue developing her own leadership skills so that she can be a better advocate for and on behalf of rural women. She participated in the Australian Rural Leadership Program in 2002-3 and was elected Deputy Mayor of the Roper Shire Council in 2010.\nAfter several years at Carmor Plains, the O'Brien family decided to move in 2001, to drier country where they would focus again on cattle. They now manage properties in the Roper Valley district, at Coodardie and Numul Numul stations, not far from Mataranka about halfway between Darwin and Tennant Creek. They lease land from traditional owners with whom they have an excellent relationship. Says one traditional owner of the sharing of knowledge between the community and the family, \"It's really, really good I think. I've been a stockman all my life ever since I was very young, 20 years old. [The O'Briens] show me what they're doing out in the paddock and I think that's alright.\" Clair suspects that the mutual respect and trust comes on the back of mutual appreciation of family.\nBut then again, for Clair, it has always been about family.\n", "Events": "Winner - ABC Northern Territory Rural Woman of the Year (1996 - 1996)", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/1996-abc-rural-woman-of-the-year-state-winners\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/family-the-key-to-rural-womans-win\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/brilliant-ideas-and-huge-visions-abc-radio-australian-rural-women-of-the-year-1994-1997\/", "Archival Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/clair-obrien-interviewed-by-nikki-henningham-in-the-rural-women-of-the-year-award-oral-history-project-sound-recording\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Dugdale, Helen Blanche", "Entry ID": "AWE4822", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/dugdale-helen-blanche\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Queensland, Australia", "Death Place": "Kalgoorlie, Western Australia, Australia", "Occupations": "Inspector for State Children's Department, Matron, Nurse, Policewoman, Prospector", "Details": "Helen Blanche Ryrie, nee Stirling married George Dugdale in Perth in 1912.\nShe\u00a0was a Registered Nurse who had worked as a matron of a women's institution, and been employed as an Inspector for the State Children's Department prior to her employment with the police force.\nAppointed in 1917, she along with Laura Ethel Chipper, was a one of the first two Women's Police constables appointed to work with the Western Australian Police Force.\nThey began what was primarily welfare work in Perth but also worked in Kalgoorlie. Helen served in Perth and was transferred to Kalgoorlie in 1933. She served there until her retirement on the 10th of April 1939.\nHelen died in Kalgoorlie 1952 and is buried in the Kalgoorlie cemetery.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/first-women-police-1917\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/karlkurla-gold-a-history-of-the-women-of-kalgoorlie-boulder\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Coutts, Alicia Jayne", "Entry ID": "AWE4823", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/coutts-alicia-jayne\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Brisbane, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Commonwealth or Empire Games Gold Medalist, Olympian, Swimmer", "Summary": "Alicia Coutts is an Australian medley, butterfly and freestyle swimmer. She represented Australia at the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing, the 2012 Summer Olympics in London and the 2010 Commonwealth Games (New Delhi). In 2010 she was named the Telstra Australian swimmer of the year.\n", "Events": "Swimming - 100m Butterfly (2010 - 2010) \nSwimming - 100m butterfly (2012 - 2012) \nSwimming - 100m Freestyle (2010 - 2010) \nSwimming - 200m Medley (2010 - 2010) \nSwimming - 200m medley (2012 - 2012) \nSwimming - 4 x 100m Freestyle Relay (2010 - 2010) \nSwimming - 4 x 100m Freestyle Relay (2012 - 2012) \nSwimming - 4 x 100m Freesyle Relay (2014 - 2014) \nSwimming - 4 x 100m Medley Relay (2010 - 2010) \nSwimming - 4 x 100m medley relay (2012 - 2012) \nSwimming - 4 x 100m Medley Relay (2014 - 2014) \nSwimming - 4 x 200m freestyle relay (2012 - 2012) \nSwimming - 4 x 200m Freesyle Relay (2014 - 2014)", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Elmslie, Brittany Joyce", "Entry ID": "AWE4824", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/elmslie-brittany-joyce\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Nambour, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Commonwealth or Empire Games Gold Medalist, Olympian, Swimmer", "Summary": "Brittany Elmslie was a gold medalist at both the London Olympic Games (2012) and the Glasgow Commonwealth Games (2014). She received a Medal of the Order of Australia for service to sport in 2014.\n", "Events": "Swimming - 4 x 100m Freestyle Relay (2012 - 2012) \nSwimming - 4 x 100m Freestyle Relay (2016 - 2016) \nSwimming - 4 x 100m Freesyle Relay (2014 - 2014) \nSwimming - 4 x 100m medley relay (2016 - 2016) \nSwimming - 4 x 200m Freesyle Relay (2014 - 2014)", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Broben, Brittany", "Entry ID": "AWE4825", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/broben-brittany\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Diver, Olympian", "Events": "Diving - 10m platform (2012 - 2012)", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Churcher, Betty", "Entry ID": "AWE4846", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/churcher-betty\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Brisbane, Queensland, Australia", "Death Place": "Wamboin, New South Wales, Australia", "Occupations": "Art educator, Arts administrator, Director", "Summary": "Titles\/ Honours\n\u2022 2012 ACT Senior Australian of the Year\n\u2022 2009 Australia Council's $10,000 Visual Arts Emeritus Medal\n\u2022 2005 New South Wales Premier's Award for Script Writing for the documentary series, The Art of War 2004-2005\n\u2022 2004 HonDUniv (Queensland University) 2004\n\u2022 2003 Honorary Fellow of the Australian Academy of the Humanities\n\u2022 2001 - Centenary Medal\n\u2022 HonDLit (Curtin University)\n\u2022 1996: AO - Officer of the Order of Australia, in recognition of service to art and to the community as Director of the Australian National Gallery\n\u2022 1996 The Australian newspaper's Australian of the Year\n\u2022 1996 HonLLD (ANU)\n\u2022 1995 HonDA (RMIT)\n\u2022 1990 AM - Member of the Order of Australia, in recognition of service to the arts, particularly in the field of arts administration and education\n\u2022 1988 Fulbright Scholar\nBetty Churcher AO AM FAHA was director of the National Gallery of Australia in Canberra from 1990-1997 where she was nicknamed \"Blockbuster Betty\" because of the large-scale exhibitions of famous artworks she organised to make art relevant and accessible to the community. Betty Churcher has been a pioneer and role model for women in the art world: she was the first woman to head a tertiary institution when she was Dean of the Art and Design School, Phillip Institute of Technology (now RMIT University), the first female director of a state art gallery when appointed to the Art Gallery of Western Australia and the first female director of the National Gallery of Australia.\n", "Details": "Betty Churcher was born Elizabeth Ann Dewar Cameron, the second child and only daughter of Scottish-born William Dewar Cameron, and Queenslander Vida Margaret n\u00e9e Hutton. Churcher felt her mother and grandmother focused their attention on her older brother, making her acutely aware of the unfairness of gender differentials in her family during childhood. She cites this awareness as formative, saying that as a child she felt that 'just about everything I wanted to do, I couldn't because I was a girl'.\nFeeling an outsider at her first school but born with the ability to draw, Churcher said of her time at Buranda State School\n\"my friends - could outrun, out-jump and out-spell me but they couldn't out-draw me. Drawing was my way of creating order in a confusing world.\" (Notebooks, p. 2)\nShe describes how she first had her eyes opened to art in 1939 when she was seven and her parents took her to the Queensland Art Gallery where she saw 'Evicted', an 1887 painting by Blandford Fletcher (http:\/\/qagoma.qld.gov.au\/collection\/international_art\/blandford_fletcher):\n\"I really wanted to be able to do it. It was the magic of being able to evoke an image with such precision and full of \u2026 Emotion \u2026It was as though the artist had opened up a glimpse of the past \u2026 as if time had parted \u2026I marvelled that an artist had that power.\" (Canberra Times, 1993)\nThe young Betty Cameron's artistic talent was evident in her early years. She won The Sunday Mail Child Art Contest in 1944 and 3rd prize the following year. She initially studied art with Patricia Prentice at Somerville House School and later studied art privately with Caroline Barker and Richard Rodier Rivron.\nA bequest from her maternal great-grandmother enabled Churcher to attend Somerville House, a private girls' school in Brisbane from 1938-1946. Here she met Patricia Prentice, art teacher and watercolourist who introduced Churcher to art history, ballet and music and encouraged her to travel to broaden her horizons.\nChurcher's father had other plans; he decided there would be no more schooling for his daughter once she reached the age of fifteen, believing education 'spoiled a girl'. Fortunately for Churcher, headmistress Frances Craig intervened. She encouraged William Cameron to allow his daughter to stay at school by offering to waive the fees if Churcher taught art in the junior school art. Cameron agreed and Churcher progressed to her senior year.\nAfter finishing school, Churcher returned to Somerville House as a teacher of art and art history and also taught at two other private girls' schools in Brisbane - Clayfield College and Moreton Bay College. She loved conveying her enthusiasm and passion. \"That's when I first felt the joy of being able to share an enthusiasm\".\nShe joined the Younger Artists Group of the Royal Queensland Art Society, along with future significant artists like Margaret Olley, Margaret Cilento, Peter Abraham, Harold Lane and Joy Roggenkamp. Churcher first exhibited with them in 1948 and was considered one of the most promising members. Her work was included in Queensland Art Gallery's 1951 'Exhibition of Queensland Art', and 'Queensland Artists of Fame and Promise'.\nAs Chair of the Younger Artists Group, Churcher led the charge to establish a travelling art scholarship which she won, setting off for London in early 1952 where she initially studied with Stuart Ray at The South West Essex Technical College before gaining a place at the Royal College of Art. She won the Princess of Wales Scholarship for the best female student's entrant portfolio and had three happy years at the Royal College from 1953-1956.\nIn London Churcher met and married Roy Churcher who was studying painting at the Slade School of Fine Art. Betty Churcher won the Royal College composition prize, graduated ARCA with a First Class pass, won the RCA Drawing Prize and the much coveted Travelling Scholarship which took her and Roy to Europe for three months.\nIn 1957 Betty and Roy Churcher returned to Brisbane for what was to be a brief visit to her parents but Roy fell in love with the place and they stayed, setting up a studio and giving classes. Although she painted and exhibited during that time, by the end of 1959 Churcher said the fire went out of her belly about painting and she gave it up. Unsure of her ability to be both a good mother and a good painter she said motherhood, which she loved, gave her 'an out'. When her youngest son started school in 1971 Churcher took a full-time lecturing job at Kelvin Grove Teachers' Training College, where she wrote her first book - \"Understanding Art\" - for which she won a Times Literary Award. She remained at Kelvin Grove for seven years, taking her husband and four sons to London for a one-year sabbatical during which she completed an MA at London University's prestigious Courtauld Institute. Her thesis topic, that Alfred Barr's exhibition policy at New York's Museum of Modern Art in the 1930s and 1940s influenced the emerging school of Abstract Expressionist painters in New York, shaped her future career and gave her time at Museum of Modern Art (MoMA) and contact with the likes of Jackson Pollock's widow - painter Lee Krasner, Robert Motherwell and Philip Gunson.\nThe Courtauld MA made her 'hot property' back in Australia and from 1979-1987 she taught at the School of Art and Design at Phillip Institute of Technology (now RMIT University, Melbourne) rising to become Dean in 1982.\nIn 1987 Churcher was headhunted by Robert Holmes \u00e0 Court as Director of the Art Gallery of Western Australia. She had doubled attendance figures by late 1980 when she was invited to apply for the position of Director of the National Gallery of Australia (NGA) in Canberra after founding director James Mollison's resignation. She was appointed by a selection panel headed by former Prime Minister, Gough Whitlam.\nChurcher's appointment was controversial and her first years at the National Gallery were made difficult by serious management and building maintenance problems and resistance from existing staff members to her directorship. Her arrival in February 1990 coincided with public service cuts and Churcher faced a budget slide into the red. Her program of cuts through voluntary redundancies was unwelcome and her decision to change the name from the Australian National Gallery to the National Gallery of Australia aroused more controversy. But in the face of all this, Churcher directed a number of highly successful major exhibitions that made significant profits for the Gallery and introduced the Australian public to works that had not previously been shown in Australia. Previously the National Gallery had accepted exhibitions from other institutions. Churcher set in motion the pattern of the Gallery compiling its own exhibitions, using their own curatorial skills and insights. The exhibitions included curator David Jaff\u00e9's Rubens and The Italian Renaissance (1992) which made a profit of around $1 million, and Michael Lloyd's Surrealism: Revolution by Night (1993), the first major surrealist exhibition to include Australian works.\nAfter eight years, in July 1997, Churcher retired from the NGA and moved into another phase of professional life as presenter of television series on art including the ABC's Take Five, Proud Possessors, The Art of War, Focus on John Olsen, The Hidden Treasures of the National Library and The Hidden Treasures of the National Library plus the SBS series, The Art of War.\nIn 1998 the Australian National University appointed her an adjunct professor at the Centre for Cross-Cultural Research.\nChurcher lost the sight in her right eye to melanoma in 2003 and has lost some sight in her left eye as a result of macular degeneration. In 2006 she travelled to London and Madrid to commit to memory those pictures that she most wanted to hold in her mind's eye before her sight further deteriorated. Out of this she produced her latest book \"Notebooks\", featuring drawings and commentary on some of her favourite paintings. \"Notebooks\" was shortlisted for the 2012 Indie Awards for a non-fiction book.\nBetty Churcher lived with her husband Roy in the NSW countryside near Canberra where their second son maintains the hobby vineyard on the banks of the Yass River. They had four children and seven grandchildren. She died on March 30, 2015.\n", "Events": "Inducted into the Victorian Honour Roll of Women (2001 - 2001)", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/notebooks\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/betty-churcher\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/betty-churcher-2\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/losing-her-sight-but-not-passion\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/sunny-surrealism\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/giulia-jones\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/betty-churcher-3\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/double-take\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/evicted\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/the-art-of-war\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/molvig-the-lost-antipodean\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/understanding-art-the-use-of-space-form-and-structure\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/former-director-of-national-gallery-of-australia-betty-churcher-dies-aged-84\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/from-lady-denman-to-katy-gallagher-a-century-of-womens-contributions-to-canberra\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/betty-churcher-cultural-giant-loses-battle-with-cancer\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/the-encyclopedia-of-women-and-leadership-in-twentieth-century-australia\/", "Archival Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/papers-of-betty-churcher-1989-2008\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/biographical-cuttings-on-betty-churcher-director-of-the-national-gallery-of-australia-containing-one-or-more-cuttings-from-newspapers-or-journals\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/betty-churcher-interviewed-by-sheridan-palmer-in-the-australian-art-from-1950-to-the-present-oral-history-project-sound-recording\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Doobov, Sue", "Entry ID": "AWE4885", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/doobov-sue\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Brisbane, Queensland", "Death Place": "Jerusalem, Israel", "Occupations": "Community Leader, Office worker, Youth worker", "Summary": "Sue Doobov moved to Canberra in 1965 from Brisbane. She was a leader of the Jewish community in Canberra, as well as the Executive Officer of the Council on the Ageing ACT at a time when it assisted in the establishment of many service organisations. Sue is recognised as the instigator of the University of the Third Age (U3A) in Canberra. She retired to Israel in 1998.\n", "Details": "Sue Doobov was the daughter of Siegfried (Fred) and Leoni (Lee) Gans, who had escaped Nazi Germany in 1937. She had an older brother, Alfred, who survived her.\nShe grew up in Brisbane and was initially educated for office work. She led the Betar Zionist youth movement in Brisbane and studied in Israel at the Machon leMadrichai Chutz l'Aretz (the Institute for Youth Leaders from Abroad). In Betar she met Mervyn Doobov, whom she subsequently married, in 1964, and with whom she moved to Canberra. Her two children, Ilana and Arieh, were born there, in 1967 and 1969.\nShe and Mervyn became very involved with the small Jewish community in Canberra and served in many roles within it, including president. Sue was mainly active in the women's side of the community and in educational activities. For many years she prepared girls for bat mitzvah and led the women's volunteer Chevra Kadisha. She was known for her interest in helping elderly members of the community as well as being a by-word in hospitality. For her contributions to the Jewish community, she was awarded a medal in the Order of Australia, in 1998, a distinction she shared with her husband.\nAfter a period at home caring for two young children, Sue decided that it was time to continue her formal education. She had not completed secondary education in Queensland, but decided to try for a university degree. Without matriculation, the Canberra College of Advanced Education (now the University of Canberra) required her to pass a minimum of four subjects in her first year. She succeeded and completed a degree in Sociology and Economics in five years.\nShe then became the Executive Director of the Council on the Ageing ACT, from 1982 to 1994. Under her leadership, the Council was active in establishing other organisations to provide services for older people. Some of these organisations were the Abbeyfield Society (a not-for-profit community housing provider), Community Options (a not-for-profit, community-based organisation providing care and support to older people, people with disabilities, their families and friends), Handy Help, Home Help and Respite Care. The University of the Third Age (U3A) has recognised a public meeting called by Sue as the starting point for its activities in Canberra. In September 2011, she was guest of honour at the 25th Anniversary Celebrations for U3A.\nThe family moved to Israel in 1998. She was diagnosed with a brain tumour in 2000 and subsequently underwent a number of operations and extensive treatment, all without complaint and with fortitude. She managed to visit Australia for the U3A celebrations less than one year before her death in August 2012.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/sue-doobov\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/u3a-act-25th-anniversary\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/u3a-act-news\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/from-lady-denman-to-katy-gallagher-a-century-of-womens-contributions-to-canberra\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Bain, Yvonne", "Entry ID": "AWE4919", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/bain-yvonne\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Brisbane, Queensland, Australia", "Death Place": "Brisbane, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Educator, Engineer, Women's rights activist, Women's rights organiser", "Summary": "Yvonne Bain was a woman who respected tradition while enjoying new challenges. She was passionate about education, for herself and for others. She was appointed to the governing council of Griffith University, and to a range of national and state advisory committees on aspects of education. Griffith University awarded her an honorary doctorate of the University in 1998. Bain was also passionate about the rights of women, working for decades in the Queensland National Council of Women and the National Council of Women of Australia. She served as the national president 1991-1994. In 1990, she was made a Member of the Order of Australia for service to women's affairs, particularly through the National Council of Women. During her presidency of NCWA, Bain persuaded the Australian Bureau of Statistics to include the categories of work in the home and volunteer work in the national census data, allowing the calculation of the value of unpaid work within national productivity. This is perhaps her most lasting contribution to the Australian women's movement.\n", "Details": "Yvonne Bain was born in Brisbane in 1929, the daughter of Jeffrey and Helen West. She was raised in Rainworth where she was the dux of the local primary school. At Brisbane Girls' Grammar School, she proved to be a good netballer, an academic prize winner, and dux of the state in history.\nAt her mother's insistence, she left school without completing her final year to join the Post-Master General's Department where her father worked. She enrolled in night classes at the Central Technical College and gained a Diploma in Civil Engineering, the only woman in her class. She met her husband, Thomas, in the drafting department of the PMG, and married him on 16 June 1951. The young couple lived in the Bain family home, Gowrie House, an old colonial mansion in the centre of Brisbane. Yvonne Bain turned the front wing into professional rooms, leased mainly to speech and drama teachers, and the ballroom into a space for amateur theatre. When the house was demolished for roadworks in the 1960s, Bain established a second Gowrie House nearby, allowing the speech and drama teachers to stay together.\nBain's two children, a son and a daughter, were born in 1955 and 1959. Bain served on the Parents and Citizens Association at their school, Brisbane Central, for 10 years, much of the time as president. She researched the history of the school and led a campaign to recover its original foundation stone. She was also actively involved with the Brisbane Girls' Grammar Old Girls and, in 1968, she was appointed to the school's board of trustees, serving till 1990, with 4 years as vice-chair. She was chair of the school's development fund and later its centenary building fund, negotiating grants from government and reviving her engineering skills. Brisbane Girls' Grammar named one of its new centres in her honour. It was as a delegate of the BGG Old Girls' Association that she joined the National Council of Women of Queensland.\nIn 1979, after her children had finished their schooling, Bain returned to study as a mature-age student at Griffith University. In the same year, she was appointed to the Queensland Planning and Finance Committee of the Commonwealth Schools Commission, serving until 1985. It was also in 1979 that she took up the twin roles of treasurer of NCWQ, and treasurer of NCWA on Laurel Macintosh's Queensland-based board. In 1980, Bain was appointed to the Australian Statistics Advisory Committee, and she gave a talk to NCWQ on the topic 'Statistics as a Means of Communication between Individuals and Public Authorities'.\nThomas Bain died in 1981. Thereafter, Bain's studies at Griffith University became more central to her life. She completed a Bachelor of Administration in 1983 and a Master of Philosophy in Administration in 1988. In 1994, her continuing interest in the university was recognised by her appointment to the university council, and she served there until 2000, chairing the university's library committee and funds committee and assisting with the establishment of the university's eco centre and multi-faith centre.\nYvonne Bain continued to work with NCWQ, as vice-president and then as president from 1986-1990. A highlight of her presidency was the creation and furnishing in 1989 of Ballard Cottage, showing aspects of the history of Queensland pioneer women: 'a project which will enable children of the future to understand the life of our pioneers'. The project was developed in close co-operation with the Queensland Department of Education, a link that was strengthened in 1990 with Bain's appointment to the minister for education's Advisory Committee on Non-State Schooling and, in 1991, to the Advisory Committee on Gender Equity. On 26 January 1990, Yvonne Bain was appointed a Member of the Order of Australia (AM) for service to women's affairs, particularly through the National Council of Women.\nIn 1991, Bain became the president of the National Council of Women of Australia. Her presidency was distinguished by her exceptional ability to advance the interests of the Councils-and of Australian women-through close co-operation with politicians and bureaucrats. Bain and her fellow Board members became expert at writing submissions, winning grants, and delivering the outcomes bureaucrats wanted. Thus a seminar in February 1993 on Women and Ecologically Sustainable Development presented the results of 2 major research projects carried out by NCWA in co-operation with the National Women's Consultative Council. Another important submission came out of a national seminar on Care for the Carers, NCWA's principal activity for the International Year of the Family.\nWomen's unpaid work was also a major concern of Bain's presidency. It was Bain's lobbying that persuaded the Australian Bureau of Statistics to include the categories of work in the home and volunteer work in national census data, allowing a degree of systematic assessment of the value of this work to the community and the economy. It was at the end of her presidency in 1994 that the necessity to re-incorporate NCWA to conform with new federal legislation about liability saw a rewriting of the national constitution, which resulted in the omission from the articles of membership of the clause providing for one constituent council only for each state or territory. In by-law C7 of the 1994-1997 constitution, it seems that Launceston appeared for the first time as a constituent council rather than simply an autonomous one. This compounded the 'Tasmanian problem', which had been festering since 1946.\nIn the international sphere, Yvonne Bain and her Board produced a series of well-researched and well-written submissions for International Council of Women committees and enquiries, with the effect of strengthening NCWA's international profile. The ICW 1994 Paris conference, which Bain attended, adopted an Australian resolution that rape should be recognised as a war crime, a formulation later included in the UN Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women (CEDAW) and other UN instruments. Bain served the ICW as the International Convenor in Economics, enabling her to take her campaign for the recognition of women's unpaid work to a global audience.\nYvonne Bain contributed to a wide range of community activities beyond the National Councils of Women. She worked as president and chairman of the Queensland Arts Council and director of the Arts Council of Australia. She was also a senior associate of the Australian Institute of Management and an active member of the Australian Federation of University Women. She continued her long association with Anglican education by serving on the council of the All Saints Anglican School at Mudgeeraba from 1987 to 1989. From 1990 to 1999 she served on the Anglican Schools Commission, and from 1988 to 2000 on the Anglican Schools Systems Council.\nIn April 1999, Griffith University conferred on Yvonne Bain a doctorate of the university for her services to education. She also received a medal from the retiring archbishop of Brisbane, Peter Hollingworth, in recognition of her services to the archdiocese in education. Yvonne Bain held a firm faith, and was a traditionalist who loved the liturgies of the church. She died in Brisbane in May 2004.\nRetiring as NCWA president in 1994, she welcomed the future as 'a time for the formulation of positive plans and strategies to cope with future changes, future technologies and the future multiple roles women will have opportunity to fulfil in the next century'.\n", "Events": "Brisbane Girls' Grammar School Board of Trustees (1968 - 1990)", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/stirrers-with-style-presidents-of-the-national-council-of-women-of-australia-and-its-predecessors\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/the-national-council-of-women-of-queensland-the-second-fifty-years-1955-2005\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/yvonne-bain\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/pressmans-l5161\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/weekend-weddings\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/womens-rights-advocate-tireless-behind-the-scenes\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/", "Archival Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/records-of-the-national-council-of-women-of-australia-1924-1990-manuscript\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/ncwa-board-minute-books-and-ncwa-papers\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/7266-national-council-of-women-of-queensland-minute-books-1905-2004\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Roderick, Gwendoline Blanche", "Entry ID": "AWE4939", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/roderick-gwendoline-blanche\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Toowoomba, Queensland, Australia", "Death Place": "Perth, Western Australia, Australia", "Occupations": "Public relations professional, Volunteer, Women's rights activist, Women's rights organiser", "Summary": "Gwen Roderick was the first Western Australian woman to be elected president of the National Council of Women of Australia - 63 years after it was founded. She brought to the presidency a passion for efficient management that served the association well during a difficult period in terms of its relationship with government.\n", "Details": "Gwen Roderick was born Gwendolyn Blanche Pearce in Toowoomba, Queensland, and educated at Fairholme Presbyterian Ladies College in that city. She trained as a secretary and held several administrative positions, including that of personal assistant for public relations to the Queensland manager of the ANZ Bank. She then travelled overseas, working in London and then Canada, where she was employed as an assistant producer for Canadian Television. Gwen married a Canadian geologist, Stanley Roderick, and had two children born in Canada. The family then spent 6 years in Brazil and 5 years in Queensland, finally settling in Perth, Western Australia, where she was a producer for community radio.\nRoderick joined the National Council of Women of Western Australia as a delegate from the State Women's Council of the Liberal Party. In 1984, she became the state convenor of economics, in 1987 the honorary secretary, and, from 1991 to 1994, president of NCW WA. Relations with the state government were excellent during this period. When Roderick was elected president of the National Council of Women of Australia for the 1994-1997 triennium, she was the first Western Australian woman to hold this position, an indication that, after 6 decades, communication barriers with the state most distant from Canberra had finally become less significant within the NCWA. Furthermore, Western Australia's minister for women's interests assisted in facilitating communication with the eastern states by supplying an office and office equipment for the NCWA Board, allowing administrative processes to be modernised, with teleconferencing employed to overcome the remaining elements of the tyranny of distance.\nRoderick was always an advocate of bureaucratic and business efficiency. In 1995, she took the NCWA Board through a SWOT analysis (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, Threats) of the organisation. The major challenge was the rise of a new coalition of women's organisations, CAPOW! (Coalition of Participating Organisations of Women) initiated by the Women's Electoral Lobby, which, under the Keating federal Labor government, was displacing NCWA as the peak body linking government and women's groups. Government funding of NCWA was also under threat. Roderick and the Board responded by developing promotional material, publicising the fact that NCWA represented some 500 organisations, looking to maintain a corporate image with a national logo, badges and stationery, cultivating bureaucrats and media representatives, producing high-quality submissions, and organising high-profile national seminars with prominent speakers on matters of public interest, such as women and technology. The election of the Howard Liberal-National Party government in 1997 undermined CAPOW!'s ministerial access and raised that of NCWA once more but failed to guarantee recurrent funding for non-government women's organisations.\nRoderick's Board faced a further challenge in the ongoing and growing antagonism between the Hobart-based National Council of Women of Tasmania and the National Council of Women of Launceston. An attempt was made by Launceston delegates to the Perth conference of 1997 to redirect and resolve this conflict by focusing on the principle of regional organisation but without success. The continuing conflict became the major challenge confronting Roderick's successor as president of NCWA.\nAs national president, Roderick represented NCWA at many national and international meetings. She was a member of the Optus, Telstra and Austel telecommunication advisory councils, where she spoke as a consumers' representative. In 1995, she was a delegate representing NCWA and Australia at the 39th session of the UN Commission on the Status of Women in New York. This was the final preparatory meeting for the Beijing 4th World Conference on Women: Action for Equality, Development of Peace, which she also attended in September 1995. Roderick then led the Australian delegation to International Council of Women conferences in Auckland and Ottawa in 1997, acknowledging the importance of putting Australia's views to ICW although she emphasised that her major concerns were national ones and that 'Australian women were my priority'. In August 1997, Gwen Roderick was one of 10 representatives from women's organisations invited to meet with Prime Minister John Howard. The NCWA's major areas of concern were economic security for older women, women on public service boards and committees, domestic and community violence, availability of clean water for all Australians and family-friendly workplaces.\nRoderick was also a member of the WA Censorship Advisory Committee, an executive member of the WA branch of the Order of Australia Committee, and a life member of the Australian Institute of Mining and Metallurgy Women's Auxiliary.\nIn 1998, Gwen Roderick received the NCWA Centenary Award, and, in 1999, she was made a Member of the Order of Australia, for 'service to women, particularly through the National Council of Women of Australia'.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/stirrers-with-style-presidents-of-the-national-council-of-women-of-australia-and-its-predecessors\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/", "Archival Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/national-council-of-women-of-western-australia-records-1911-2001\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/ncwa-papers-1984-2006\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/interview-with-gwen-roderick\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Brown, Jocelyn", "Entry ID": "AWE4999", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/brown-jocelyn\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Queensland, Australia", "Death Place": "Camden, New South Wales, Australia", "Occupations": "Artist, Author, Florist, Garden designer", "Summary": "Read more about Jocelyn Brown in our sister publication The Encyclopedia of Women and Leadership in Twentieth-Century Australia.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/the-encyclopedia-of-women-and-leadership-in-twentieth-century-australia\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Chamberlain, Edna", "Entry ID": "AWE5014", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/chamberlain-edna\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Kangaroo Point, Queensland, Australia", "Death Place": "Brisbane, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Academic, Professor, Social work educator", "Summary": "Read more about Edna Chamberlain in our sister publication The Encyclopedia of Women and Leadership in Twentieth-Century Australia.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/the-encyclopedia-of-women-and-leadership-in-twentieth-century-australia\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Deacon, Desley", "Entry ID": "AWE5050", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/deacon-desley\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Pomona, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Academic, Author, Public servant, Research assistant", "Summary": "Read more about Desley Deacon in our sister publication The Encyclopedia of Women and Leadership in Twentieth-Century Australia.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/the-encyclopedia-of-women-and-leadership-in-twentieth-century-australia\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Fraser, Val", "Entry ID": "AWE5086", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/fraser-val\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Brisbane, Queensland, Australia", "Death Place": "Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Communist, Feminist", "Summary": "Read more about Val Fraser in our sister publication The Encyclopedia of Women and Leadership in Twentieth-Century Australia.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/the-encyclopedia-of-women-and-leadership-in-twentieth-century-australia\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Haebich, Anna Elizabeth", "Entry ID": "AWE5111", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/haebich-anna-elizabeth\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Toowoomba, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Historian", "Summary": "Read more about Anna Elizabeth Haebich in our sister publication The Encyclopedia of Women and Leadership in Twentieth-Century Australia.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/the-encyclopedia-of-women-and-leadership-in-twentieth-century-australia\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Hill, Ernestine", "Entry ID": "AWE5131", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/hill-ernestine\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Rockhampton, Queensland, Australia", "Death Place": "Brisbane, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Biographer, Photographer, Writer", "Summary": "Ernestine Hill travelled extensively around Australia photographing and writing about the varied landscapes and people she encountered. She is particularly well known for her photographs of Aboriginal people.\nRead more about Ernestine Hill in our sister publication The Encyclopedia of Women and Leadership in Twentieth-Century Australia.\n", "Details": "Ernestine Hill was born in 1899 in Rockhampton, Queensland. She was the only child of Robert Hemmings, who was born in London and worked as a factory manager. He married his second wife Margaret Foster (n\u00e9e Lynam), who was a Queensland-born schoolteacher.\nHill grew up in Brisbane. As a young student she showed sufficient academic promise to win a bursary to attend the All Hallows convent school. In 1916 her first book of poems, Peter Pan Land and Other Poems, was published by Hibernian Newspaper. The collection included a preface by Archbishop (Sir) James Duhig. In 1917 Hill won a scholarship that enabled her to study at Stott & Hoare's Business College, Brisbane. She completed her studies with top marks and subsequently gained employment with the public service. By 1918 she was working for the Department of Justice library as a typist.\nIn 1919 Hill left the public service and began working for Smith's Weekly in Sydney. She worked as a secretary to the literary editor J.F. Archibald, before becoming the subeditor of the newspaper and embarking on a career as a journalist in the 1930s.\nHill became the editor of the ABC Weekly's women's pages from 1940-1942, and then held the position of commissioner with the ABC from 1941-1944. Hill then resigned from this role and embarked on her travels. She travelled across Australia, covering 100 thousand miles by foot, camel, train, truck, and by a pearling lugger. Hill took over three thousand photographs during these travels, documenting the landscape and encounters with Aboriginal people; some of her images include a number of male and female corroborees as the subject. Hill wrote numerous articles relating to her travels, some of which were considered controversial at the time. They were published in newspapers and periodicals such as Walkabout and the Sunday Sun.\nFollowing her travels, Hill continued to write, producing a number unpublished novels, plays, and radio and film scripts. She published three books: The Great Australian Loneliness, in 1937, and My Love Must Wait: The Story of Matthew Flinders, in 1941 and The Territory, in 1951.\nHill's photographs express the observations of an intelligent and well-travelled woman. Candice Bruce noted that Hill had 'lamented that the \"echoes of the wild sweet singing\" were dying.' Hill's images were not ethnographic studies; rather, they revealed a deep 'understanding of the land and its people that many writers have failed to discover' (Bruce 147). Hill's appreciation of Aboriginal culture was evident in her photographs and writing.\nIn 1959 Hill was awarded a Commonwealth Literary Fund fellowship and received a small pension. Unfortunately the latter part of her life was plagued by financial and health difficulties. Hill returned to Brisbane in 1970 to be cared for by her family and died in their care on 22 August 1972.\nHill's vast collection of manuscripts, letters and photographs are held by the Fryer Library, University of Queensland. Portraits of Hill are held by the Art Gallery of Queensland.\nCollections\nFryer Library, University of Queensland\nQueensland Art Gallery | Gallery of Modern Art\n", "Events": "Ernestine Hill's work featured in Twentieth Century Australian Women Artists (1995 - 1995)", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/great-australian-loneliness-ports-of-sunset\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/my-love-must-wait-the-story-of-matthew-flinders\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/the-territory\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/hill-mary-ernestine\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/ernestine-hill\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/ernestine-hill-2\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/ernestine-hill-dies\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/obituary-the-writer-and-her-country\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/heritage-the-national-womens-art-book-500-works-by-500-australian-women-artists-from-colonial-times-to-1955\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/the-encyclopedia-of-women-and-leadership-in-twentieth-century-australia\/", "Archival Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/autobiographical-notes-not-after-1972-manuscript\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/ernestine-hill-papers\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/letters-1971-1972-to-the-university-of-queensland\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/louise-campbell-papers\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/typescripts-and-photographs-ca-1947-manuscript\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Huggins, Jacqueline (Jackie) Gail", "Entry ID": "AWE5142", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/huggins-jacqueline-jackie-gail\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Ayr, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Aboriginal rights activist, Historian", "Summary": "Read more about Jackie Huggins in our sister publication The Encyclopedia of Women and Leadership in Twentieth-Century Australia.\n", "Events": "Awarded the Bettison and James Award for her book and research about the history of Aboriginal soldiers in World Wars 1 and 2 (2019 - 2019)", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/the-encyclopedia-of-women-and-leadership-in-twentieth-century-australia\/", "Archival Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/opening-of-a-memorial-to-the-stolen-generations\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/larissa-behrendt-interviewed-by-peter-read-and-jackie-huggins-in-2011-for-the-seven-years-on-continuing-life-histories-of-aboriginal-leaders-oral-history-project-sound-recording\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/larissa-behrendt-interviewed-by-peter-read-and-jackie-huggins-in-2002-for-the-seven-years-on-continuing-life-histories-of-aboriginal-leaders-oral-history-project-sound-recording\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Keto, Aila Inkeri", "Entry ID": "AWE5165", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/keto-aila-inkeri\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Tully, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Biochemist, Environmentalist", "Summary": "Read more about Aila Inkeri Keto in our sister publication The Encyclopedia of Women and Leadership in Twentieth-Century Australia.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/the-encyclopedia-of-women-and-leadership-in-twentieth-century-australia\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Lee, Georgia", "Entry ID": "AWE5188", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/lee-georgia\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Cairns, Queensland, Australia", "Death Place": "Cairns, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Singer", "Summary": "Read more about Georgia Lee in our sister publication The Encyclopedia of Women and Leadership in Twentieth-Century Australia.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/the-encyclopedia-of-women-and-leadership-in-twentieth-century-australia\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Moreton-Robinson, Aileen", "Entry ID": "AWE5234", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/moreton-robinson-aileen\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Quandamooka First Nation (Moreton bay), Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Aboriginal rights activist, Feminist, Professor, Sociologist", "Summary": "Read more about Aileen Moreton-Robinson in our sister publication The Encyclopedia of Women and Leadership in Twentieth-Century Australia.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/the-encyclopedia-of-women-and-leadership-in-twentieth-century-australia\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "O'Kane, Mary Josephine", "Entry ID": "AWE5252", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/okane-mary-josephine\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Mount Morgan, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Company director, Engineer, Scientist, University vice-chancellor", "Summary": "Read more about Mary Josephine O'Kane in our sister publication The Encyclopedia of Women and Leadership in Twentieth-Century Australia.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/australia-day-honours-david-walsh-and-elizabeth-broderick-among-recipients\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/the-encyclopedia-of-women-and-leadership-in-twentieth-century-australia\/", "Archival Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/papers-of-ragbir-singh-bhathal-1949-2006-bulk-1996-1999-manuscript\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "O'Shane, Gladys Dorothy", "Entry ID": "AWE5256", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/oshane-gladys-dorothy\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Mossman, Queensland, Australia", "Death Place": "Cairns, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Aboriginal rights activist, Community Leader", "Summary": "Read more about Gladys Dorothy O'Shane in our sister publication The Encyclopedia of Women and Leadership in Twentieth-Century Australia.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/the-encyclopedia-of-women-and-leadership-in-twentieth-century-australia\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/", "Archival Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/photographs-from-the-aboriginal-and-torres-strait-islander-advancement-league-conference-in-cairns-1962-and-indigent-ration-day-1954\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Russell, Penelope (Penny) Ann", "Entry ID": "AWE5291", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/russell-penelope-penny-ann\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Maryborough, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Historian", "Summary": "Read more about Penny Ann Russell in our sister publication The Encyclopedia of Women and Leadership in Twentieth-Century Australia.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/the-encyclopedia-of-women-and-leadership-in-twentieth-century-australia\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Saunders, Kay Elizabeth Bass", "Entry ID": "AWE5297", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/saunders-kay-elizabeth-bass\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Brisbane, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Historian", "Summary": "Read more about Kay Elizabeth Bass Saunders in our sister publication The Encyclopedia of Women and Leadership in Twentieth-Century Australia.\n", "Events": "For distinguished service to tertiary education, particularly to history, as an academic and author, to professional associations, and to the community. (2021 - 2021)", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/the-encyclopedia-of-women-and-leadership-in-twentieth-century-australia\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Schultz, Beth", "Entry ID": "AWE5298", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/schultz-beth\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Roma, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Environmentalist", "Summary": "Read more about Beth Schultz in our sister publication The Encyclopedia of Women and Leadership in Twentieth-Century Australia.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/the-encyclopedia-of-women-and-leadership-in-twentieth-century-australia\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Tulip, Marie", "Entry ID": "AWE5341", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/tulip-marie\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Mackay, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Academic, Feminist theologian", "Summary": "Read more about Marie Tulip in our sister publication The Encyclopedia of Women and Leadership in Twentieth-Century Australia.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/the-encyclopedia-of-women-and-leadership-in-twentieth-century-australia\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/", "Archival Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/jill-lennon-and-gwen-bloomfield-interview-some-foundation-members-of-the-womens-liberation-movement-1995\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Uhr, Marie-Louise", "Entry ID": "AWE5342", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/uhr-marie-louise\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Brisbane, Queensland, Australia", "Death Place": "Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia", "Occupations": "Activist, Biochemist", "Summary": "Read more about Marie-Louise Uhr in our sister publication The Encyclopedia of Women and Leadership in Twentieth-Century Australia.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/the-encyclopedia-of-women-and-leadership-in-twentieth-century-australia\/", "Archival Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/papers-of-marie-louise-uhr-1977-2001-manuscript\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Hart, Elizabeth Hamilton", "Entry ID": "AWE5383", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/hart-elizabeth-hamilton\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Indooroopilly, Queensland, Australia", "Death Place": "Clayfield, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Barrister, Lawyer, Solicitor", "Summary": "Elizabeth Hart was the second woman to be admitted a solicitor in Queensland and went on to enjoy a career that spanned five decades. She was a partner for thirty-four years and then a senior partner for twenty-one at the major Brisbane firm, Flower and Hart.\n", "Details": "Elizabeth Hamilton Hart was born into the law. There have been six generations of the Hart family working as lawyers in Queensland since 1863, when Elizabeth's grandfather, Graham Lloyd Hart was admitted. The firm she worked for, for her entire life, Flower and Hart, was established in 1876 by her grandfather and his partner John Henry Flower. The firm remains one of Brisbane's leading commercial law firms. Other family members, including her father, William Hamilton Hart, had careers in the law, including her uncle, Percy Lloyd Hart, who served as an acting judge of the Supreme Court of Queensland.\nBorn in Indooroopilly, Brisbane in 1904, Hart attended Brisbane Girls Grammar School where she excelled academically. She was a good sportswoman, and particularly enjoyed basketball (now netball) where she enjoyed a significant height advantage. She went on to complete a BA at the University of Queensland, graduating in 1924 with Honours in Modern Language and Literature.\nStraight out of university, in 1925, she entered into Articles of Clerkship with her father at Flower and Hart. On 1 October 1929, she became only the second woman admitted as a solicitor in Queensland. She was a hard worker, a straight talker, reliable, well-spoken and was rewarded with a partnership in the firm in November 1938. When her father passed away in 1951 she became senior partner.\nIt is said that Hart would ask colleagues and partners to view her just as 'a fellow practitioner' and 'not to think of her as a woman'. Nevertheless, there can be no doubt that gender had an impact on her reception by the business community at large. Her brother Bill, younger than her by eight years and a partner in the firm while she was a senior partner, was invited to sit on the boards of a variety of Queensland companies, including the Queensland Board of the National Bank, when she was not.\nA pioneering woman in the Queensland legal world, Elizabeth Hart provided jobs to several women who went on to have prominent careers. She gave Naida Haxton, Queensland's first practising female barrister, her start in 1963, although Haxton's decision after three years to pursue a career at the Bar after three years saw her dismissed for breach of contract, which required three years' service with the firm post-Articles. Haxton recalls Hart as being a somewhat 'daunting and engaging' woman who trained her young lawyers to 'be careful to the point of pedantry'.\nHart maintained a busy commercial practice and did the odd bit of pro bono work if the cause suited her. She was respected and liked by her colleagues and her retirement came about largely through bad health; she had a fall at work in 1971 and broke her hip. She retired on December 31, 1971, continuing to work as a consultant for two more years before retiring completely.\nHart never married and lived with her elder sister, Eleanor, who also never married. She was not particularly interested in professional social events, preferring to mix with members of the Moreton Club, a women's club established in 1924, of which she became a member in 1929. She was a devoted aunt to her six nieces and nephews and is remembered fondly by them for her generosity. She died on Christmas Day in 1925. Never an active feminist or political activist on behalf of women, her legacy to women lawyers who came after her is the longevity of her career. Certainly, the advantages of her family position in Brisbane legal circles made a legal career accessible. But a fifty-five year career, regardless of her gender, is worthy of celebration.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/elizabeth-hamilton-hart\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/a-woman-lawyer\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/called-to-the-bar\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/law\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/australian-women-lawyers-as-active-citizens\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Holmes, Catherine", "Entry ID": "AWE5425", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/holmes-catherine\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Brisbane, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Barrister, Judge, Lawyer, Senior Counsel, Solicitor", "Summary": "Catherine Ena \"Cate\" Holmes, AC, assumed the office of Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of Queensland on 11 September 2015.She holds the degrees of B.Econ (ANU), B.A. (Hons), LLB, LLM (Advanced) (UQ).\nHolmes was admitted as a solicitor in 1982 and as a barrister in 1984, taking silk in 1999. While in practice, Justice Holmes was at various times a part time member of the Anti-Discrimination Tribunal, Deputy President of the Queensland Community Corrections Board and, during 1998 and 1999, Counsel assisting the Forde Commission of Inquiry into Child Abuse. Her Honour was appointed to the Supreme Court of Queensland in March 2000. She was the judge overseeing the Court's criminal list for some years, and was the judge constituting the Mental Health Court from February 2005 until May 2006, when she was appointed to the Court of Appeal. From 16 January 2011 until 16 March 2012, Justice Holmes was the Commissioner of the Commission of Inquiry into the Queensland Floods 2010-2011.\nJustice Holmes AC was made a Companion in the General Division of the Order of Australia on Australia Day in 2020, for eminent service to the judiciary, notably to criminal, administrative, and mental health law, and to the community of Queensland. She was a founding member of the Queensland Women's Legal Service in 1984.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/a-womans-place-100-years-of-queensland-women-lawyers\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/who-is-catherine-holmes-queenslands-first-female-chief-justice\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/australian-women-lawyers-as-active-citizens\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Durham, Helen", "Entry ID": "AWE5432", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/durham-helen\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Mt Isa, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Academic, Feminist, Human rights activist, Lawyer", "Summary": "Dr Helen Durham is a leading international lawyer, focusing on international humanitarian law (IHL or the laws of war). With a passion for the protections afforded to civilians during times of armed conflict (in particular women) Helen has had a long term career with the International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement. In 2014 she was appointed as the Director of International Law and Policy for the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) headquarters in Geneva Switzerland and is the first woman to occupy this role in the institution's 150 year history.\nIn 2017, Helen Durham was made an Officer in the General Division of the Order of Australia 'for distinguished service to international relations in the area of humanitarian and criminal law, to the protection of women during times of armed conflict, and to legal education'.\n", "Details": "Studying Arts\/Law at Melbourne University in the late 1980s Helen was always active in matters of local and global justice, doing voluntary work with a number of Non-Government Organisations (NGOs), an internship in Bangkok and becoming interested in the need to create legal clarity around rape and sexual violence as war crimes. Starting her career as an articled clerk with the Labor law firm Holding Redlich and then moving to work for Asialink, she established a leadership program and explored the different ways human rights are understood by business and culture. Concurrently she commenced a doctorate in international law at Melbourne Law School examining the role of community groups and NGOs in international criminal prosecutions with the emphasis on cases dealing with sexual violence. After obtaining a Queens Trust Scholarship she was able to complete her studies at New York University and engage directly with the discussions being held at the United Nations on the creation of an International Criminal Court.\nIn 1997 she commenced with Australian Red Cross as National Manager of the International Humanitarian Law (IHL) program, working closely with Professor Tim McCormack and her team to build a stronger understanding and respect for IHL within the Australian academic sector, government, militaries and the general public. She was part of the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) delegation to the negotiations for the Statute of the International Criminal Court in Rome in 1998 and did a number of short missions for ICRC in the field to places such as Burma, Aceh, the Philippines and the Pacific.\nIn 2002 Helen became Head of Office for ICRC in Australia based in Sydney and regional legal adviser for the Mission of the ICRC in the Pacific. For the next three years she travelled extensively in the Pacific, assisting governments ratify IHL treaties, implement these laws domestically as well as training military officers and non-state armed groups on matters such as the conduct of hostilities. Due to family commitments (son Alexander born in 2001 and daughter Hannah in 2004) Helen returned to Melbourne and took up the part time position as Director of Research for the Asia Pacific Centre for Military Law at Melbourne Law School, teaching in the Masters of Law program (Women, War and Peacebuilding) and also supervising a number of PhDs in international law.\nAfter a few years in academia Helen went back to Australian Red Cross as Director of International Law and Strategy, whilst continuing to teach and publish in the area of IHL as a Senior Fellow of Melbourne Law School. Combining her practical field experience and the 'grass root' work of the Red Cross during conflict and her research allowed Helen to focus upon bridging the gap between legal practitioners in the humanitarian sector and the academic community. In 2014 she was appointed to the Directorate of the ICRC in Geneva, with a portfolio which includes the legal division, armed forces delegates, academic outreach and policy\/multilateral engagement. Presenting to the Security Council of the United Nations on the needs of women during war, visiting detainees in Iraq, lecturing at military institutes in Europe and Americas and providing training to diplomats in New York - her current position builds upon her experiences and the support gained from many over the years. In 2014 Helen was inducted into the Victorian Honour Roll of Women and in 2015 she was honoured with a Women's International League for Peace and Freedom (WILPF) Centenary PeaceWomen Award.\n", "Events": "Inducted into the Victorian Honour Roll of Women (2014 - 2014)", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/australian-women-lawyers-as-active-citizens\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Macdonnell, Jane", "Entry ID": "AWE5434", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/macdonnell-jane\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "North Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Barrister, Lawyer, Public servant, Solicitor", "Summary": "Jane Macdonnell is a lawyer with extensive experience in public sector administration. She grew up in North Queensland and is a graduate of the James Cook University and of the Queensland University of Technology (QUT).\nMacdonnell's public sector career commenced as a graduate clerk with the Department of Defence in 1975 and thereafter she advanced to senior managerial positions in internal audit, corporate services, disability services and aged care programs in the then Departments of Social Security; Community Services; Community Services and Health. She was the first woman appointed to many of those positions.\nMacdonnell was admitted to practise as a barrister in 1987 and was the recipient of the James Archibald Douglas prize for the outstanding reader of her Bar Practice Course. Having accepted an offer of employment with Henderson Trout, she was admitted as a solicitor in 1989. In 1990, she became the first head of the Queensland Office of State Revenue and served in that role for five years. She subsequently served as a General Manger of Victoria Legal Aid before returning to Queensland in 1998 as Director-General of the Department of Justice and Attorney-General.\nIn 2000, Macdonnell was named the Outstanding Alumni for Law by QUT. At the end of 2000, she returned to Victoria as a partner with Clayton Utz before joining the Victorian Bar in 2003 where she continued to practise public law. In 2010, Macdonnell was appointed the Principal Member of the Social Security Appeals Tribunal (SSAT) and served in that role until the SSAT amalgamated with the Administrative Appeals Tribunal on 1 July 2015.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/jane-mcdonnell\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/australian-women-lawyers-as-active-citizens\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Dick, Julie Maree", "Entry ID": "AWE5436", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/dick-julie-maree\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Brisbane, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Barrister, Judge, Lawyer, Senior Counsel, Solicitor", "Summary": "Justice Julie Dick is a judge of the District Court of Queensland, having been appointed to the bench in 2000. She has also served as an acting Judge of the Supreme Court of Queensland. She served as president of the Queensland Children's Court 2007 - 2011, having been appointed a judge of that court in 2001.\nJudge Dick was an articled clerk between 1973 and 1975. She was admitted to the bar in December 1975 and appointed Senior Counsel in November 1997. She had an extensive practice in criminal law, appearing in nearly fifty murder trials and many other high profile criminal matters.\nJudge Dick was a member of the Law Reform Commission (Criminal Law Subdivision), a member of the Committee of the Queensland Bar Association and a member of the committee overseeing the 1997 Review of the Criminal Code. She was the inaugural Parliamentary Criminal Justice Commissioner between 1998 and December 2000 when she was appointed a District Court Judge. She was the President of the Children's Court of Queensland from 2007 to 2011, Acting Supreme Court Judge in 2011 and a member of the Higher Courts Benchbook Committee since 2000.\nGo to 'Details' below to read an essay written by Helen Moye about Julie Dick for the Trailblazing Women and the Law Project.\n", "Details": "The following additional information was provided by Julie Dick and is reproduced with permission in its entirety.\n\nIt was about a quarter to five in the afternoon. People were streaming out of the Brisbane Law Courts complex in George Street. Bridget was heading off to the park with her father, while her mother took the baby, who was due to be breast-fed. This was part of the daily ritual. That day, though, Bridget noticed something interesting in the rush of people going about the business of the law.\n\"Mum, did you know that boys can be barristers too?\"\nYes, she did know. Julie Dick, barrister-at-law, knew that very well. Since being called to the Queensland Bar in 1975, she had been one of that body of legal professionals of whom, even in 2005, only 15.6 per cent are women. This is despite the fact that in recent years women have comprised at least half of the law graduates from Queensland universities.\nIn 1997, Julie, the then newly appointed Senior Counsel had expressed optimism that the developing institution of women at the Bar would offer encouragement to other women. She was, however, also on record as acknowledging the continuing difficulties experienced by women in being briefed, particularly by larger firms, and particularly in the area of criminal law. Today, with the perspective of over four years on the Bench, her concerns have not abated. \"Since I have been a judge, I have seen many, many female prosecutors, in fact sometimes it seems as though they are in the majority, but I still do not see an equal number of women appearing for the defence.\" It has been her observation that, for women, hard work and creditable performance are not, in themselves, sufficient to guarantee recognition and further opportunity. A complicating factor has been those female practitioners who, perhaps in response to perceived prejudice, \"[do] not really dare to be women lawyers.\" In such an environment, it can also be the case that women do not \"dare\" to recognise or encourage other women. In the end, the career of Judge Julie Dick does not reflect that experience. In the words of Roberta Devereaux, this is a woman and a lawyer \"confident and happy in her own skin,\" successful on her own terms, and one who has been \"a great supporter of other women.\"\nIn her turn, Judge Dick acknowledges the example and support of Barbara Newton, who, as Public Defender, ensured that she was briefed regularly and in high\u00ad profile matters when she returned to practice in 1989 after a break in which she gave birth to four children.\nThe break showed no signs of upsetting the rhythm of a career well on track. After marrying in 1984, Julie had given birth to Michael in 1985 and then daughters Jennifer (1986), Christy (1988) and Bridget (1989). Her return to practice saw her appearing in a number of significant trials (usually funded by the then Public Defender's Office). In 1992, three days' after the conclusion of a five-week robbery trial, her youngest daughter Kathleen was born. An hour after the caesarean birth, Julie received a phone call from the Legal Aid office, checking her availability for another trial, set down for three weeks time. She accepted the brief.\nHer support network at that time consisted of a nanny and her husband, solicitor Terry Mellifont. The nanny stayed until Kathleen commenced primary school, but Terry has remained a constant, ever since Julie started work as his articled clerk in January 1973. Julie acknowledges the enormous contribution he has made to her being able to pursue her career, and to the \"wonderful children\" and \"warm, loving home\" they share.\nTJ Mellifont and Company was a small, busy general practice, with Terry as sole practitioner. Dealing with a wide range of matters, including industrial, criminal, civil, defamation and family law, it offered Julie exposure to a cross-section of the law, as well as considerable in-court experience, from the Magistrates Court to the Federal Court on circuit from Sydney. She recalls days on which there might be 12 or 13 appearances to coordinate in various courts on the one morning. Increasingly, within this spectrum of activity and high energy, the role of solicitor sitting in the office seemed to lack the allure and excitement of what she saw and experienced in court. She became engrossed in the \"complete theatre\" of court and litigation practice, the tactics and legal argument, and \"loved everything about criminal trials, from the picking of the jury through to the verdict.\"\nProfessionally, this experience inspired her move to the Bar. Personally, it was an eye-opener for a young woman who had spent most of her childhood in a home where \"the pantry was full and everyone was happy.\" Working in that practice, Julie Dick first realised that not everyone shared her comfortable circumstances; and it was in this period that she realised there was more she could do to help her clients-such as the young single mother, pregnant, with toddler in tow-than to lend them money, only to find it being spent immediately on cigarettes.\nJulie Maree Dick was born on 21 June 1952 in Brisbane, the third-born (and first daughter) of the nine children of Frank and Norma Dick. When Julie was young, the family moved to the Gold Coast, where Frank, an electrician by trade, expanded into the building industry and flourished in the first wave of development to hit the area. It was a life that offered freedom and security. The only address needed for a taxi-ride from Coolangatta to home was \"Frank Dick's house.\" Sundays meant a trip to the beach with Dad, while Mum had some peace and quiet at home. There was \u00b7sailing, singing around the pianola, and teenage socialising with siblings and their friends. There were two memorable holidays-to South Molle Island and Fiji-and there was school.\nJulie's mother and father had both been educated in Brisbane, at Lourdes Hill College and at St Laurence's College respectively. Her own education began in 1957 at St Augustine's Catholic Primary School in Coolangatta. From 1965 to 1968 she attended high school at Star of the Sea in Southport, during which time her scholastic ability became evident. She received academic awards and each year there was happy competition with friend Josephine Morton for dux of the class. She remembers in particular the encouragement of her class teacher from Grades Eight to Ten, Sister Xaviera.\nHigh achievement in Junior (Grade Ten) meant inevitable streaming into the sciences for the final school years. However, Science and Maths classes had to be undertaken at the local Brothers college because so few girls enrolled in those subjects. This unconventional arrangement was bypassed in favour of Julie's transfer to St Rita's College in Brisbane, where she completed her secondary schooling as a boarder-a chronically homesick one. It was quickly obvious to her that this was a far bigger pond than the one in which she had swum to date: there was more competition. It was also only one of many ponds-there was a much larger world out there with people from different backgrounds. She was also finding her science-based subjects difficult. Her father encouraged her educational pursuits and aspirations, but their talk of a career in medicine or pharmacy was pragmatic rather than heartfelt; this was a student who craved the humanities. Nonetheless, Julie excelled at St Rita's and became a prefect.\nNorma Dick's preference for her daughter would have been hairdressing, \"a wonderful profession for a young woman;\" however, having won a Commonwealth Scholarship, Julie enrolled in Arts Law at the University of Queensland in 1970. For the next three years she enjoyed the safe and sociable environment of Duchesne College, becoming involved in the college committee, including one year as social secretary.\nIn second year, Julie decided to pursue law studies exclusively. There was no identifiable prompt for law either as a course of study or a profession, and no family connection to it. The character of Sir Thomas More in the Robert Bolt play A Man for All Seasons had mesmerised her in high school: his bravery, his scholarship, his ethics and his commitment to the law. She also remembers reading Great Trials of the Twentieth Century as a child, and To Kill a Mockingbird (many times). It was the court scenes which captured her imagination and, again, the private introduction to lives so different from her own.\nOnce at university, Jurisprudence provided a first insight into what the law was really all about. However, it was only after commencing as an articled clerk that Julie's practical experience of the law and of those seeking its help enlivened her sense of justice. With that came a growing appreciation of human weakness and miscalculation-rather than evil intent -in some of the matters needing resolution.\nAs an articled clerk, living alone for the first time and working long hours, Julie started to feel overwhelmed. She felt she needed to tweak her direction, to refocus and re-energise. On the urging of Terry and Tom Quirk, then a junior counsel and later a District Court judge, Julie relinquished university study in favour of the Bar Board examinations, which she successfully completed in 1975. She was admitted as a barrister on 18 December 1975 (and later, in 1992, as a practitioner of the High Court and Federal Court of Australia). In March 1976, she completed her Articles.\nIt was a bold move, she concedes, going to the Bar so early, and she pays tribute to the friendship, professionalism and high ethical standards of each of her original colleagues in chambers-John Jerrard, Kiernan Dorney and Frank Wilkie-and Basil Martin, her pupil master. Indeed, one of Julie's particular concerns with the profession today is the frequent apparent ignorance (or avoidance) of the basic ethical rules which characterised the behaviour and practices of colleagues such as these.\nNotwithstanding the support of her colleagues, Julie suffered \"the usual difficulties\" -such as developing sufficient self-confidence, engendering the confidence of briefing solicitors and managing a business. Then there were the slightly less usual difficulties-those attached to being a woman at the Bar. With few other women in active practice at the time, there were even fewer with long experience who could serve as role models. There was also discrimination, and Julie notes that, even after establishing an extensive criminal practice, she was \"very rarely briefed by firms in crime with private clients. Most of my work came from the Public Defender's Office.\" Still, her advice today to women coming to the Bar is to cultivate the habits of persistence and hard work and to avoid thinking that \"to have a practice like a man, you have to act like a man.\"\nHer personal style reflects a certain self-sufficiency, directness and honesty. Her professional style is characterised by intelligence and wit, \"a good forensic mind,\" commonsense and an ability to empathise with clients and yet maintain an appropriate professional distance. Not surprisingly, as her confidence and experience developed, so did her practice. It also shifted from a general practice to a criminal practice, partly the result perhaps of the amount of work she was undertaking with legally aided clients through regular briefing by the Public Defender and, later, the Legal Aid Office. At a time when other colleagues made the decision that to accept such matters would inhibit their career and their income, her readiness to do so was not entirely self-serving, although the high volume of work in itself did provide a valuable basis for developing her skills and expertise. Julie Dick soon came to believe that it is the responsibility of practitioners and governments to ensure that those who come before the courts, charged by the State, receive the defence to which all are entitled. Significantly, her own workload reflected that commitment to the rights of legal aid clients.\nThis philosophy of fairness, compassion and contribution is evident in the record of her dealings with clients, colleagues, the broader profession and the community over the years. She served as a member of the Bar Association Committee from 1995 to 1998; a member of the Litigation Reform Commission (Criminal Law Subdivision) until it was disbanded in 1997; and has served as a member of the International Law Reform Commission since being introduced by former High Court Justice Mary Gaudron in 1998. She was the Bar representative on the Criminal Case Management Committee chaired by Justice Margaret White, which resulted in the successful Committals Project. In 1997 she contributed as a member of the Advisory Working Group for the Criminal Code Review which passed into legislation; and she was the government-appointed legal representative on the Podiatrists Board of Queensland from 1995 to 1998.\nSince her elevation to the Bench, she has served as a member and convenor of both the District Court Criminal Law and Conference Committees, and as a member of the District Court Strategic Planning and Benchbook Committees. She particularly counts her participation in the Benchbook Committee among her positive achievements. The Benchbook, a manual for guidance in Court proceedings, assists judges in ensuring, for example, that appropriate matters are taken into account in summing up at trial. It is equally relevant (and available) to others, such as legal practitioners and juries, who can be assisted in their understanding of procedures and protocols and, by extension, the execution of their responsibilities. In addition, she has made an active contribution to continuing legal education for both solicitors and barristers, including presenting papers, conducting seminars, and acting as facilitator and judge in moot and advocacy programs for several Queensland university law schools and the Bar Practice Course. She has strong views on the importance of continuing education for all, including judges, and is vocal in her response to criticisms directed at judicial travel to conferences, many of which are held overseas. She stresses the importance of promoting and utilising opportunities to network with peers and colleagues from other jurisdictions as a means of learning from and contributing to the international judicial community and, by extension, the administration of justice. Julie actively endeavours to broaden her knowledge, in order to minimise the risk of developing an insular or insulated perspective. She points out that conferences also provide exposure to broader areas of concern than strictly \"black letter law\" issues-recent examples being genetics and ethical investments-which are likely at some stage to be directly or indirectly relevant to the range of issues and people coming before the courts.\nFrom her early years, Julie was a practitioner who went the extra mile, for example, when those working with her needed flexible employment arrangements to care for children; or when she managed to appear for a client, having split her lip in an accident en route to court on the North Coast and having had 12 stitches. That memorable day continued with her driving back to Brisbane, calling home for the cutting of her child's birthday cake, and then dropping her instructing solicitor back at the office.\nSuch stories add a telling dimension to a career which began auspiciously as a barrister with 13 not-guilty verdicts in her first 13 trials and went on to include over 40 murder trials (many of them \"leading cases in this jurisdiction\") and other high\u00ad profile and complex matters across the range of rape, robbery, arson, drug trafficking, fraud, corruption and perjury. In 1980 Julie had received a commission to prosecute on behalf of the Crown and in that capacity had appeared frequently before the District and Supreme Courts. By the mid-1990s her practice had begun to diversify and she was also appearing regularly in the Medical Assessment Tribunal, the Industrial Court of Australia and Administrative Appeals Tribunal, as well as in disciplinary tribunals such as the Queensland Nursing Council and Psychologists Board of Queensland.\nIn 1998 Julie was approached by the Parliamentary Criminal Justice Committee (PCJC) to take the newly created role of Parliamentary Criminal Justice Commissioner for Queensland the first such role in Australia. Broadly, the function of the Commissioner was, \"Upon request, [to assist] the PCJC to discharge its role in monitoring and reviewing the activities of the CJC [Criminal Justice Commission],\" as well as functions in relation to the Queensland Crime Commission and the Queensland Police Service. The concept and practice of civilian oversight of law enforcement authorities was innovative and relatively untried at the time, and the role of Commissioner was an important and powerful one. It was not the time for a token gesture in the direction of political correctness. So it was particularly significant that the first incumbent was a woman, and one whose appointment had the enthusiastic support of a bipartisan committee. This was an appointment based clearly on merit.\nAt the time, Julie expressed the view that wherever there is great power vested in an organisation, there is a need for commensurate accountability. She saw her role as charged with managing that accountability. Initially, however, she was faced with the practicalities of establishing an office, engaging staff and developing documentation and procedures. She recalls the first three months as being an isolated, lonely time, as she and her sole staff member confronted the challenge of making it all happen. Later, her team consisted of two solicitors\/investigators, a document controller and a personal assistant. Meanwhile, she was learning about managing staff, adapting to a working environment which involved strict reporting responsibilities and an unfamiliar administrative framework, and coming to grips with the finer points of administrative law. In her two years in the role, she conducted 27 investigations during a time which was highly politically charged and fraught with controversy.\nThe Queensland Criminal Justice Commission was still reeling from the investigation into it, known as the Connolly-Ryan Inquiry. Having inherited that inquisitorial responsibility, Commissioner Dick found herself reviewing the extensive records of the Inquiry, as well as interviewing the approximately one hundred and fifty complainants. Her investigations, and the confidentiality requirements attaching to them, were strictly circumscribed by the legislation. This did not prevent complaints (which might have been better directed towards the legislation) assuming the force of projectiles targeting the role of the Commissioner. Most notably, the investigation into alleged leaks from the CJC to the Courier-Mail-and the parties' responses to that investigation\u00ad contributed to the difficult situation.\nThe death of both of Julie's parents during the period of her appointment further challenged her resilience. She describes herself as \"pretty robust,\" but was conscious that she could not always protect others from the consequences of her position. She later learnt that her appointment to the Bench of the District Court of Queensland on 14 December 2000 had brought private tears of relief, as much as of congratulation, from her oldest daughter.\nIt had started as an attraction to the excitement of criminal law, to \"the discipline. . . And the predictability of the Criminal Code,\" and the rules of evidence which support it. This fascination continues to underpin Julie's work. \"I am there to act within the law,\" she says; policy matters are outside the jurisdiction of judges, whose responsibility it is to administer justice. This is not to suggest that the law-or judges- should be static, or ignore the changing world, with its advances in technology and evolving social imperatives. Judge Dick has been involved in the most recent review of the Queensland Criminal Code; daily, she sees ways in which technology can be deployed in the operations of the court (for example, the pre-recording of evidence by children); and progressively, she sees trends in the types of offences that come before her.\nAs a judge of the Children's Court since 2001 (and with the perspective and experience that comes from being the mother of teenagers), Julie Dick worries that children are growing up too fast. She believes that the nature of material available on television, music video and film is creating in child viewers a false perception of reality, mortality and accountability: the beaten victim gets up to fight on, or reappears in the sequel; the perpetrator is defiant and proud; but the consequences appear in soft focus, if at all. What she is now seeing is a flow-on effect of that distorted perception, an increase in sexual offences in the Children's Court. The \"new problem,\" she says, is crimes \"by kids against kids.\"\nHer experience also suggests that, more broadly, crimes involving street violence and amphetamine addiction are on the increase, and \"getting uglier.\" In the face of these trends, her particular concern is for the education of children, suggesting a front-end program of education and information, since \"penalties aren't going to solve the problem.\" She suggests that such programs might involve not just medical and legal professionals going into schools, but children actually attending court to see the consequences of violence and drug use first-hand.\nAt the other end of the spectrum are jurors, who have no choice but to confront the horrors which often unfold during the course of a trial. Judge Dick is sensitive to the impact this can have on individuals; she has adopted the practice of forewarning jurors that they can expect to be challenged and affected by what they see and hear, and that no front of bravado is necessary. Counselling has recently become available for jurors at the conclusion of trials.\nJudge Dick says that nothing much surprises or unsettles her in the courtroom. Her early training, during which she learnt to approach each matter with special attention to detail, and the years of experience which taught her how to read and manage people, are serving their purpose. She also brings a certain style and attitude to the role, reflected in her wry comment that \"there's always fun in the law.\" Perhaps this refers to the sharp minds and quick wits of those who, daily, need to consider weighty matters with compassion; detachment and efficiency. And perhaps it can also partly be attributed to \"the happy and loving family life . . . [which] puts everything into perspective.\"\nJudge Julie Dick does not see a career in law through rose-coloured glasses. She advises young women wanting to combine a legal career and a family to consider the sacrifices that both they, and their families, will need to make. Young men might benefit from that same advice. She keenly anticipates the benefits to society of a judiciary which is representative of the women and men who are prepared to make the necessary sacrifices and who exhibit the necessary merit.\n\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/julie-dick\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/australian-women-lawyers-as-active-citizens\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "McMurdo, Margaret", "Entry ID": "AWE5443", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/mcmurdo-margaret\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Brisbane, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Barrister, Feminist, Judge, Lawyer, Solicitor", "Summary": "Justice Margaret McMurdo AC is the President of the Court of Appeal of the Supreme Court of Queensland. She was the first woman appointed as the presiding judge of an appellate court in Australia.\nMcMurdo was born in 1954 in Brisbane, the youngest of six children born to Gina, a homemaker, and Joe, a commercial law solicitor and ultimately senior partner at Thynne & Macartney. She attended New Farm State School and Brisbane Girls Grammar School (1967 - 1971) before studying law at the University of Queensland. During her university years, she volunteered at the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Legal Service. She graduated with a Bachelor of Laws in 1975.\nOn 16 December 1976, McMurdo was admitted as a barrister of the Supreme Court of Queensland. She worked in the Public Defender's Office (1976-89), holding the office of assistant public defender (1978-89). McMurdo then practised at the private bar in Brisbane (1989-91), holding a commission to prosecute. She was a part-time member of the Criminal Justice Commission Misconduct Tribunal (1990-91). McMurdo was a founding committee member (1978-82) and then president (1980-81) of the Women Lawyers Association and a founding member of the Department of Children's Services Serious Offenders Review Panel (1978-83). McMurdo was appointed a judge of the District Court of Queensland on 29 January 1991, being the first woman to be appointed to the court. She also served as a judge of the Children's Court of Queensland from 1993.\nOn 30 July 1998, McMurdo was appointed a judge of the Supreme Court of Queensland and the second president of the Court of Appeal. She was the first woman appointed as the presiding judge of an appellate court in Australia. McMurdo was appointed a Companion of the Order of Australia in 2007 and awarded the Centenary Medal in 2003. She was awarded the Queensland Law Society's Agnes McWhinney Award in 2006. She was awarded the degree of Doctor of the University by Griffith University (2000) and by the Queensland University of Technology (2009). McMurdo was awarded an honorary Doctorate of Laws of the University of Queensland (2012). She has also served as a trustee of Brisbane Girls Grammar School (1994-98) and a member of the council of Griffith University (from 2003).\nOn 23 January 1976, McMurdo married Philip Donald McMurdo who later became a judge of the Supreme Court of Queensland. They have four adult children.\n", "Details": "The following additional information was provided by Anne Crittall, Associate to the Honourable Justice Margaret McMurdo AC, 2014 - 2015, and is reproduced with permission in its entirety.\n\nJustice Margaret McMurdo AC is the President of the Court of Appeal of the Supreme Court of Queensland.\nMargaret Anne Hoare was born in 1954 in Brisbane. Her father (Joseph Harold Hoare) was a commercial law solicitor and ultimately senior partner at Thynne & Macartney. She was the youngest of six children. She attended New Farm State School and Brisbane Girls Grammar School (1967 - 1971) before studying law at the University of Queensland. During her university years, she volunteered at the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Legal Service. She graduated with a Bachelor of Laws in 1975. On 23 January 1976, she married Philip Donald McMurdo who later became a judge of the Supreme Court of Queensland. They have four adult children.\nFrom 1975 to 1976 she worked as associate to his Honour Judge Alan Demack, later the Honourable Justice Demack, first in the District Court of Queensland and then in the Family Court of Australia. On 16 December 1976 she was admitted as a barrister. She joined the Public Defender's Office as its first female paralegal. She was an assistant public defender from 1978 to 1989 appearing regularly in high profile cases in all Queensland courts and on two occasions in the High Court of Australia. She was also a founding member of the Department of Children's Services Serious Offenders Review Panel (1978 - 1983). In 1989 she commenced practice at the private bar in Brisbane where she practiced primarily in criminal defence work. She also held a commission to prosecute and developed a growing civil practice.\nIn January 1991 she became the first woman appointed a judge of the District Court of Queensland. At 36, she was also the youngest judge ever commissioned to the Queensland District Court. She convened the District Court Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Committee. From 1993 she also served as a judge of the Children's Court of Queensland, the first woman to be appointed to that role.\nJustice McMurdo was appointed President of the Court of Appeal, Supreme Court of Queensland in July 1998. She was its second president and the first woman appointed as the presiding judge of an appellate court in Australia.\nHer Honour has a deep commitment to education, serving as a trustee of the Brisbane Girls Grammar School (1994 - 1998), a member of the Queensland University of Technology Faculty of Law Advisory Council (1991 - 2011) and a member of the Griffith University Council (2003 - 2013).\nJustice McMurdo has been awarded the Centenary Medal (2003) and the Queensland Law Society's Agnes McWhinney Award (2006). In 2007 she was appointed a Companion of the Order of Australia for \"service to the law and judicial administration in Queensland, particularly in the areas of legal education and women's issues, to the support of a range of legal organisations, and to the community.\"\nHer contribution to the law has also been recognised by a number of tertiary institutions. She was awarded the degrees of Doctor of the University by Griffith University (2000) and by the Queensland University of Technology (2009), and an honorary Doctorate of Laws by the University of Queensland (2012).\nShe is a founding fellow of the Australian Academy of Law, a member of the American Law Institute, and a Queensland committee member of the Australian Association of Women Judges (2014 - 2015).\nJustice McMurdo's passion for social justice has permeated her career. In 1978 she co-founded the Women Lawyers Association of Queensland (WLAQ) and was its president from 1980 to 1981. Her Honour was patron of Southside Education Centre, a school for disadvantaged young women who have not flourished in mainstream education (2001 -2009). She mentors Indigenous law students from Queensland universities through regular work experience placements. Her Honour is currently patron of both the Women's Legal Service and QPILCH's Civil Justice Fund. She has been a member of the Zonta Club of Brisbane for over 35 years.\nHer Honour's leadership in promoting excellence in judicial administration, legal professional ethics, protection of the rule of law, judicial independence, and the advancement of women and disadvantaged groups are evidenced by her published articles and speeches.\n\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/margaret-mcmurdo\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/judicial-papers-and-judicial-profile-of-the-honourable-justice-margaret-a-mcmurdo-ac\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/australian-women-lawyers-as-active-citizens\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Atkinson, Roslyn Gay", "Entry ID": "AWE5447", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/atkinson-roslyn-gay\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Brisbane, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Arts administrator, Barrister, Educator, Judge, Lawyer, Solicitor, Teacher", "Summary": "Roslyn Gay Atkinson AO is a Justice of the Supreme Court of Queensland, having been appointed to that position in 1998. In 2002 she also became the Chairperson of the Queensland Law Reform Commission, and served in that role until her retirement in 2013.\n", "Details": "Roslyn Gay Atkinson was born in November 1948 in Brisbane, to Oliver John Scott (Jock) Atkinson, DFC, and Heather Noelle Atkinson. She attended Brisbane Girls Grammar School (1962-1965), before graduating Bachelor of Arts with Honours in English language and Literature (1970) and Bachelor of Educational Studies (1975) from the University of Queensland. She obtained a graduate certificate in Speech and Drama at Rose Bruford College in the United Kingdom.\nJustice Atkinson initially pursued careers in the arts and education. She was a teacher from 1970 to 1974 and then became an Actor and Theatre Administrator from 1974 to 1978, before becoming a Lecturer of Literature, Drama, Film and Australian Studies at the Queensland Institute of Technology. In 1985 she entered the legal profession by becoming an Articled Clerk at Feez Ruthning. The following year she was an Associate to the Honourable Justice Brennan, then a Justice of the High Court of Australia. She was admitted to the bar in 1987 and practised there until her appointment to the Supreme Court.\nJustice Atkinson then completed a Bachelor of Laws degree with first class honours at the University of Queensland (1985). She received the Feez Ruthning Prize in Company Law (1983), the Ruthning Memorial Scholarship (1984), the Women Lawyers Prize (1984), the Virgil Power Prize (1984), the Morris Fletcher & Cross Prize (1984) and the Wilkinson Memorial Prize (1984). She commenced articles of clerkship at the Brisbane firm, Feez Ruthning (1985), and then served as Associate to Brennan J of the High Court of Australia (1986).\nOn 23 February 1987, she was admitted as a barrister of the Supreme Court of Queensland and commenced practice at the bar in Brisbane. Whilst in practice at the bar, Justice Atkinson also served as a member of the Social Security Appeals Tribunal (1988-1990), a member (1990-1996) and deputy chair (1994-96) of the Queensland Law Reform Commission, a member of the advisory committee to the Law Faculty at the Queensland University of Technology (from 1991), a member (1992-94) and later inaugural president (1994-1997) of the Anti-Discrimination Tribunal, and a hearing commissioner for the Human Rights and Equal Opportunities Commission (1994-1997). She also served as a member of the management committee of the Caxton Legal Service and as subeditor of the Queensland Reports.\nOn 3 September 1998, Justice Atkinson was appointed a judge of the Supreme Court of Queensland. Thereafter she also served as chair of the Queensland Law Reform Commission (2002-2014).\nJustice Atkinson has made contributions to the development and strengthening of judicial institutions internationally. Her Honour served as President of the International Commission of Jurists (Queensland) from 2000 to 2013. Her Honour led a delegation to South Africa in 1999 to advise with regard to the implementation of Equality Courts and presented at Anti-Discrimination Law workshops for the South African judiciary in 2000. In 2005, Justice Atkinson gave presentations at a training workshop for Iraqi Judges on International Human Rights Law. Justice Atkinson was Delegation Leader for the International Bar Association's Report on Independence of the Judiciary in Fiji. Her Honour is a Vice-President of the International Association of Judges' Study Commission on the Independence of the Judiciary.\nHer Honour is a Member of the National Judicial College of Australia's National Indigenous Justice Committee. In that role, she led a project in 2013 that was aimed at better informing courts and the legal profession in Queensland about many urban, remote and regional Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander communities. Her Honour is also Co-Editor of the Equal Treatment Bench Book of the Supreme Court of Queensland.\nIn 2015, Justice Atkinson was made an Officer of the Order of Australia 'For distinguished service to the judiciary and to law reform in Queensland, through contributions to the legal profession and to promoting awareness of issues of injustice and inequality in Australia and internationally.'\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/judicial-profile-of-the-honourable-justice-roslyn-g-atkinson-ao\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/roslyn-atkinson\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/australian-women-lawyers-as-active-citizens\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Groves, Madeline (Maddie)", "Entry ID": "AWE5453", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/groves-madeline-maddie\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Brisbane, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Commonwealth or Empire Games Gold Medalist, Swimmer", "Summary": "Maddie Groves began swimming when she was eight years old. She went on to become the national 200m butterfly champion in 2013, 2014 and 2015 and was a member of the gold medal-winning Australian freestyle relay team at the Commonwealth Games in 2014. She won a silver medal at the Rio de Janeiro Olympic Games in the 200m butterfly event.\n", "Events": "Swimming - 200m butterfly (2016 - 2016) \nSwimming - 4 x 100m Freestyle Relay (2014 - 2014) \nSwimming - 4 x 200m Freestyle Relay (2014 - 2014)" }, { "Title\/Name": "Pickett, Leiston Jane", "Entry ID": "AWE5455", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/pickett-leiston-jane\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Commonwealth or Empire Games Gold Medalist, Swimmer", "Events": "Swimming - 5 m Breaststroke (2014 - 2014)" }, { "Title\/Name": "McKeown, Taylor", "Entry ID": "AWE5459", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/mckeown-taylor\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Redcliffe, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Commonwealth or Empire Games Gold Medalist, Olympian, Swimmer", "Summary": "Competing at her first ever Olympic Games, Taylor McKeown claimed a silver medal in the 4x100m medley relay.\n", "Events": "Swimming - 200m Breaststroke (2014 - 2014) \nSwimming - 4x100m medley relay (2016 - 2016)" }, { "Title\/Name": "Blyth, Madonna", "Entry ID": "AWE5488", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/blyth-madonna\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Brisbane, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Commonwealth or Empire Games Gold Medalist, Hockey player", "Summary": "Madonna Blyth began playing hockey when she was five years old. She went on to become captain of the Australian women's field hockey team, the Hockeyroos, in 2009.\n", "Events": "Member of the Hockeyroos (2014 - 2014)" }, { "Title\/Name": "Kenny, Jodie", "Entry ID": "AWE5494", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/kenny-jodie\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Redcliffe, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Commonwealth or Empire Games Gold Medalist, Hockey player, Olympian", "Summary": "Jodie Kenny was a member of the gold medal-winning Australian women's hockey team at the Commonwealth Games in Glasgow in 2014. She also represented Australia at the Olympic Games in London in 2012 and in Rio de Janeiro in 2016. She announced her retirement from international hockey in October 2020.\n", "Events": "Member of the Hockeyroos (2014 - 2014)" }, { "Title\/Name": "Geitz, Laura", "Entry ID": "AWE5502", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/geitz-laura\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Ipswich, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Commonwealth or Empire Games Gold Medalist, Netball Player", "Events": "Captain of the Australian Netball Diamonds (2014 - 2014)", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "McGregor, Katharine Elizabeth", "Entry ID": "AWE5545", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/mcgregor-katharine-elizabeth\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "South Brisbane, Queensland, Australia", "Death Place": "Kangaroo Point, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Barrister, Lawyer, Solicitor", "Summary": "Katharine McGregor 'looked a picturesque figure in the traditional wig and gown', when she became the first woman in Queensland to be admitted as a barrister, although she never actually practiced as one. She was admitted as a solicitor and a barrister by the Supreme Court of Queensland in October 1926.\n", "Details": "Born on 16 May 1903 in South Brisbane, Katharine McGregor received a strict upbringing from her lawyer father. Upon completing her schooling at Brisbane Girls' Grammar School, Katharine won an open scholarship to the University of Queensland where she studied classics. She graduated with first-class honours in 1923, completed a thesis on 'The Island of Samos' for her masterate, and served as honorary secretary of the short-lived Queensland Classical Society.\nPersuaded by her father to carry on the family's legal tradition, Katharine sat the sat the Barristers' Board examinations. As a barrister, she became friends with trailblazing lawyer Agnes McWhinney. Katharine joined her father's law firm where she practised as a solicitor and became a partner in the firm. Katharine set up her own firm in September 1935. From 1939, Katharine worked as a private tutor in Greek and Latin, and as an examiner in classics at secondary and tertiary levels. Softly spoken and nervous, Katharine McGregor was an avid reader. She died on 25 June 1979 in Kangaroo Point.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/mcgregor-katharine-elizabeth-1913-1979\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/a-womans-place-100-years-of-queensland-women-lawyers\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/australian-women-lawyers-as-active-citizens\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Donkin, Beryl Killeen", "Entry ID": "AWE5546", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/donkin-beryl-killeen\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Brisbane, Queensland, Australia", "Death Place": "Brisbane, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Lawyer, Legal secretary", "Summary": "Although she was not a lawyer, Beryl Donkin was a prominent administrator and facilitator. She was born in 1920 in Brisbane but grew up in Melbourne. After working in the Queensland public service, she was appointed on 24 April 1941 to the position of the Queensland Law Society's assistant secretary. This position was particularly demanding as the Society was experiencing financial difficulty and many key members had left to attend military service during World War Two.\nShe was the Queensland Law Society's first full-time employee and continued to serve the Society for 13 years before assuming the statutory position of Secretary in 1954, a position she held until 1981 when she retired. Her commitment and service to Queensland lawyers - including by being the first female secretary of any Law Society in the Commonwealth - was honoured in 1975 when she received an OBE at Buckingham Palace.\nAs secretary, Beryl's responsibilities included coordination of complaints; the organisation of practising certificates; administration of sub-committees; and financial duties. Beryl Donkin was awarded Order of the British Empire in 1975 for 'her devoted and untiring service to the Queensland Law Society'. Beryl Donkin was a key mentor and source of support to trailblazer Joan Bennett. Beryl died in 1991, and several legal prizes have been named in her honour.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/a-womans-place-100-years-of-queensland-women-lawyers\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/australian-women-lawyers-as-active-citizens\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Williams, Tammy", "Entry ID": "AWE5575", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/williams-tammy\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Aboriginal rights activist, Barrister, Human rights activist, Lawyer, Solicitor", "Summary": "Tammy Williams is a trailblazing Indigenous and human rights advocate. She is a practising barrister, founding director of Indigenous Enterprise Partnerships, and a leading advisor on Indigenous issues.\nAdmitted as a barrister in 2002, her legal career includes Commonwealth prosecutor and appointments to quasi-judicial bodies. She has been a member of the National Human Rights Consultative Committee and in 2003 was named the Queensland Women Lawyers Association Emergent Lawyer of the Year.\n", "Details": "Tammy Williams is a Murri Lawyer whose family is originally from the Cherbourg Aboriginal Community. She grew up on a farm on the outskirts of Gympie, Queensland. After her father's tragic death by suicide when she was six years old, she moved with her family into a Queensland housing commission home.\nWhen she was seventeen, Williams wrote an award-winning essay on injustice for an international competition. The prize included travelling to the USA to meet Michael Jackson at his Neverland Ranch for a youth conference, a defining experience for her. During these years, she helped her mother, Lesley Williams, to win her stolen wages claim against the Queensland government .\nIn 1995, Tammy was a delegate to the United Nations World Summit of Children and its Committee on the Rights of the Child. She attended the State of the World forum the following year and in 1997 was awarded the National Human Rights (Youth) Award. In 2000 Tammy received the Law Council of Australia's Koowarta Reconciliation Scholarship, and was guest speaker at the opening ceremony of the Australian Reconciliation Convention.\nTammy was awarded her law degree in 2001 from the Queensland University of Technology and was admitted to the Queensland Bar the following year. Between 2003 and 2007, Tammy was a founding member of the federal government's National Indigenous Council which provided advice on Indigenous issues to Minister Mal Brough and the Ministerial Taskforce on Indigenous Affairs. In 2003 Tammy was awarded by the Queensland Women Law Association, the \"Emergent Lawyer of the Year\". She was a member of Senator Vanstone's Indigenous Women's Advisory Group and the Youth Pathways Action Plan of Public Prosecutions in Queensland.\nIn 2004, Tammy took leave from her position at the Department of Public Prosecutions to take up a scholarship at Indigenous Enterprise Partnerships, where she is director and legal and strategic manager. The following year, Tammy was part of the Australian delegation to the UN committee on the Status of Women in New York. Tammy served as a Member of the National Indigenous Council and National Human Rights Consultation Committee before moving into Tribunal work in 2008 with the Children Services Tribunal. She has been a Sessional Member of the Queensland Civil and Administration Tribunal (QCAT) since 2009. Tammy won Queensland University of Technology's 2009 Outstanding Young Alumni Award.\nIn 2015, Tammy co-authored 'Not Just Black and White' with her mother, a memoir of their fight against the injustices and discrimination faced by Indigenous Australians. Tammy is married with one child.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/a-womans-place-100-years-of-queensland-women-lawyers\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/not-just-black-and-white-a-conversation-between-a-mother-and-daughter\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/australian-women-lawyers-as-active-citizens\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Fingleton, Diane", "Entry ID": "AWE5609", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/fingleton-diane\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Brisbane, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Lawyer, Magistrate", "Summary": "Diane Fingleton is a retired Queensland Magistrates Court judge. Appointed a magistrate in 1995, she became a senior magistrate three years later. In 1999 she was appointed to the position of Chief Magistrate, the first woman to ever hold the position.\nFingleton approached the appointment with a reformist agenda, introducing important initiatives such as specialist courts for Queensland Aboriginal people (Murri Courts) and programs to assist victims of domestic violence to stay in their homes. Response from her colleagues to initiatives to encourage inclusiveness, such as issuing a formal apology to Indigenous people and performing reconciliation ceremonies, varied from enthusiastic approval to vicious criticism. The views of Indigenous people mattered most to her; a spokesperson from the Aboriginal Legal Service telling her: 'You can have no idea what a difference this made.'\nHer reformist agenda as Chief Magistrate brought challenges with it, none greater than one which began as a magistrate's transfer dispute, leading to her trial and imprisonment on a charge of retaliating against a witness. In 2005, following a failed appeal to the Queensland Supreme Court, the High Court of Australia quashed her conviction, with Justice McHugh arguing 'it would be hard to imagine a stronger case of a miscarriage of justice in the particular circumstances of the case'. Later that year, she was again appointed and sworn in as a magistrate of the Caloundra Magistrates Court.\nFingleton retired in May 2010, with hopes that the positive measures she undertook to deliver justice to Queenslanders 'before she was interrupted', would be acknowledged. While it is important to note the impact of the miscarriage of justice upon Diane Fingleton, it is more important to ensure that her legacy is not defined by it.\nDiane Fingleton was interviewed by Nikki Henningham for the Trailblazing Women and the Law Oral History Project. For details of the interview see the National Library of AustraliaCATALOGUE RECORD.\n", "Details": "A longer essay detailing Di Fingleton's career is in development.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/diane-fingleton\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/nothing-to-do-with-justice-the-di-fingleton-story\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/australian-women-lawyers-as-active-citizens\/", "Archival Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/diane-fingleton-interviewed-by-nikki-henningham-in-the-trailblazing-women-and-the-law-oral-history-project\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Kilroy, Debbie", "Entry ID": "AWE5644", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/kilroy-debbie\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Brisbane, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Human rights activist, Lawyer, Manager, Solicitor", "Summary": "Debbie Kilroy OAM is a former prisoner, qualified social worker and practising lawyer. Debbie spent much of her teens in youth prisons, and several years in adult women's prisons, in Queensland. Since its establishment in the 1990s, she has led Sisters Inside Inc, an organisation that advocates for the human rights of criminalised women in Queensland. She was admitted as a Legal Practitioner in Queensland in 2007 - the first former prisoner to achieve this.\nGo to 'Details' below to read an essay written by Suzi Quixley about Debbie Kilroy for the Trailblazing Women and the Law Project.\n", "Details": "The following additional information was provided by Suzi Quxley and is reproduced with permission in its entirety.\n\nDebbie Kilroy's commitment to being an agent of positive change is reflected throughout her professional career - initially as a Social Worker and Gestalt Therapist; and, since 2007, as a Legal Practitioner. She currently divides her time between being CEO of Sisters Inside and Principal Lawyer at Kilroy & Callaghan Lawyers. Debbie is Australia's leading voice on the human rights of criminalised women, and has actively contributed internationally through a variety of United Nations forums (where Sisters Inside has NGO Consultative Status) and lecture tours of the USA and Canada.\nRaised in a solid working class family in Kedron in Brisbane's north, Debbie had a rebellious streak from a young age. As she moved into puberty, she became a handful for her bewildered parents - wagging school, disputing everything, hanging out with the wrong crowd, and disappearing for days at a time. Debbie's life changed when, at age 14, she was imprisoned - not for a criminal offence, but for a four-week psychiatric assessment which, her parent hoped, would identify a 'solution' to her 'uncontrollable behaviour'. She was now under the control of the State. Hence followed a revolving door of imprisonment, progressive criminalisation and brief periods of freedom throughout her teens.\nFrom the outset, Debbie was aware of the deep injustice of her initial incarceration which continued to be reinforced by a litany of abuses within the youth 'justice' system. This fuelled her increasing anger and, ultimately, her engagement with violence and crime.\nBy age 18, Debbie was a mother herself and deeply entrenched in a violent domestic relationship. But, she did manage to stay outside the adult criminal justice system for several years. During this time, she left this violent relationship and ultimately married Joe Kilroy (to whom she is still married) in 1986. They had a further child together. Her break from the system came to an abrupt halt when Debbie was charged with drug offences and sentenced to 6 years in prison (of which she served 3 years).\nDuring this, her last period of imprisonment, Debbie became determined to improve the situation of women and children with lived prison experience. She began training as a social worker whilst in prison and following her release in 1992 set out to build an organisation to respond to the needs and human rights of criminalised women and affected children - Sisters Inside. The organisation exists to advocate for the human rights of criminalised women and respond to gaps in the services available to these women and their children. Since it was established in the early 1990s, Sisters Inside has grown from a largely voluntary group to a community-based organisation which provides services to many Queensland women and children (both inside and outside prison) each year. During this time, Debbie has completed her legal training and a Graduate Diploma in Forensic Mental Health. She was ultimately admitted as a Legal Practitioner in Queensland in 2007 - the first former prisoner to achieve this.\nDebbie's lived experienced drives the outspoken voice of Sisters Inside on issues affecting criminalised families. She is a passionate contributor to public debates and policy development impacting the human rights of criminalised women and affected children and issues of public safety.\nShe has been a tireless advocate for the rights of disadvantaged women and children on a wide variety of issues including violence, homelessness, racism, mental health, substance abuse, poverty, child protection, sexual assault, systemic failings and imprisonment. She is driven to reduce the criminalisation and imprisonment of women and children; address the serious over-representation of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander women at all levels of the criminal justice system; and mitigate the impact of mothers' imprisonment on their children.\nDebbie has also contributed widely to collaborative legal and civil rights activities, including long term service as an Executive Member of the Queensland Council of Civil Liberties (since 2001) and ex-officio Chairperson of the Youth Affairs Network of Queensland (since 1997). She has served as a member of the Criminal Law Committee, Law Council of Australia; Criminal Law Committee, Queensland Law Society; Equal Rights Alliance; Australian Women Again Violence Alliance; National Coronial Reform, Federation of Community Legal Centres; and Criminal Justice Network. She has also been appointed to working groups at a state and national level in areas including remand reduction, drug policy, research, Indigenous issues, crime reduction, and homelessness. Debbie has also contributed to international forums, including meetings convened by the UN Office on Drugs and Crime to develop draft UN Rules for the Treatment of Women Prisoners and Non-Custodial Measures for Women Offenders; sessions of the Commission on the Status of Women; and conferences on crime prevention and criminal justice.\nDebbie's achievements have been recognised through a variety of honours and awards, many of which were awarded to a former prisoner for the first time. These include being a shortlisted Queensland nomination for Australian of the Year (2016), Churchill Fellowship (2014), Emergent Woman Lawyer of the Year (2010), Peace Women Award (2010), Australian Human Rights Medal (2004), and Order of Australia Medal (2003). She was also the subject of an ABC Australian Story (2004), biography (2005), Archibald Award entry (2005) and portrait by Ai Wei Wei (2015).\n\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/list-of-resources\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/list-of-speeches\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/australian-women-lawyers-as-active-citizens\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Wilson, Margaret", "Entry ID": "AWE5648", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/wilson-margaret\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Brisbane, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Barrister, Commissioner, Judge, Lawyer, Queen's Counsel, Solicitor", "Summary": "The Hon. Margaret Wilson QC was a barrister and judge of the Supreme Court of Queensland.\nShe is known for her contribution to mental health law, as the first judge of the Mental Health Court and as the Commissioner who inquired into the closure of the Barrett Adolescent Centre, as well as for the part she played in procedural and substantive law reform in Queensland through her membership of the Rules Committee and the Queensland Law Reform Commission.\n", "Details": "Margaret Wilson was born in Brisbane, Queensland, in 1953. Her parents were not lawyers - her father was a civil engineer, and her mother, a former nurse, was active in community organisations. Like many parents, they valued hard work and education, and with their encouragement, Margaret excelled in her studies. In 1970, she completed her schooling at Clayfield College as school captain and dux and won an open scholarship to study at the University of Queensland.\nInitially enrolled in a Bachelor of Arts, Margaret majored in Japanese language and culture. In her third year of study, she undertook two subjects in the TC Beirne School of Law, beginning her lifelong interest in the law. She graduated with a Bachelor of Arts in 1973, and a Bachelor of Laws with Honours in 1976, winning a number of academic prizes.\nMargaret entered the legal profession as an articled clerk at Feez Ruthning & Co (now Allens) and was admitted to the bar in 1979. She developed a broad practice, advising and appearing in all areas of civil litigation, including administrative law. In 1992, she was appointed Queen's Counsel. Outside the demands of her practice, she was a member of the Bar Association of Queensland's Committee (now Council), a Legal Aid Commissioner and board member, and a member of The Incorporated Council of Law Reporting for the State of Queensland.\nIn August 1998, Margaret was appointed a judge of the Trial Division of the Supreme Court of Queensland. It was a time of significant change in the composition of the court, and in the way civil and criminal cases were conducted. She was the fourth woman to join the Supreme Court.\nIn her role as a Trial Division judge, Margaret sat on a number of high-profile cases, including a civil jury trial about the sexual assault of a pupil at a boarding school in regional Queensland, and the State's first judge-alone murder trial. She was a Commercial List Judge from 2009 to 2011, and an Additional Judge of the Queensland Court of Appeal from 2011 to 2012.\nSoon after her appointment to the bench, Margaret joined the Rules Committee where she served actively for 12 years. Comprised of representatives of all levels of Queensland courts, the Registry of the Supreme and District Courts and the Department of Justice, the Rules Committee finalised Queensland's Uniform Civil Procedure Rules 1999 - one set of rules that applied to all civil proceedings in the Magistrates, District and Supreme Courts, simplifying litigation for the benefit of all who came before the courts in their civil jurisdiction. It also formulated the Civil Proceedings Act 2011 (Qld), which updated the statutory infrastructure supporting the Supreme Court of Queensland in significant respects. It repealed and replaced an array of provisions, many dating from the 19th and early 20th centuries, about the judicature system and some aspects of substantive law, as well as provisions about the structure of the Court, its registry and its officers. Margaret was impressed by the shared commitment and co-operative approach of everyone on the Rules Committee, and she took pride in its quiet achievements under the leadership of Justice Glen Williams and then Justice John Muir.\nIn 2002, Margaret became the first judge of the Mental Health Court. That Court's primary function is to determine the sanity and fitness for trial of persons charged with criminal offences. It was set up on the inquisitorial model, constituted by a Supreme Court Judge assisted by two experienced psychiatrists acting as assessors. The new Court benefited from the legacy left by its predecessor, the Mental Health Tribunal, which had been established in 1985. As the Court's first judge, Margaret performed a pivotal role in developing new procedures, consulting Health Department officers and medical experts, and presiding over the Court as it sat in Brisbane, Townsville and Cairns.\nMargaret's interest in court architecture led to her serving on an advisory committee associated with the design of the new metropolitan courthouse for the Supreme and District Courts of Queensland. It facilitated liaison between the judges, the architects, the builders and relevant Government departments involved in what was a significant public works project. The new building was opened as the Queen Elizabeth II Courts of Law in August 2012.\nMargaret retired from the Supreme Court of Queensland in April 2014. Early retirement was a big decision for her, but she felt comfortable it was the right one. As she was leaving the court, she reflected on the previous fifteen and a half years as a period of enormous privilege and continuous challenge in her life. But she had always believed that there is a time to come and a time to go in all things, not least in public office - that renewal is important for any institution and for individuals. She vowed not to lose touch with her friends in the legal world, or to forsake her interest in the law.\nLater that year Margaret was appointed as a Justice of the Solomon Islands Court of Appeal and as a part-time member of the Queensland Law Reform Commission. She embraced both of these new roles with enthusiasm and industry.\nMargaret savoured the opportunity to participate in reshaping Queensland law in response to a number of contemporary challenges. The Queensland Law Reform Commission made recommendations for reform in a number of important areas over the six years she was a commissioner. These included civil surveillance and the protection of privacy, termination of pregnancy, expunging historical gay sex convictions and extension of mandatory reporting of suspected child abuse to the early childhood education and care sector. She holds Justice David Jackson (the Commission chair), her fellow commissioners and the small team of exceptionally talented legal and administrative officers in the secretariat in the highest regard. Despite frequent and intense pressure to meet tight deadlines, they never deviated from the pursuit of legally sound and practical solutions to what were often complex issues. The Commission's reports were produced by true collaboration in a harmonious and mutually respectful environment.\nIn September 2015, Margaret was commissioned to inquire into the closure of the Barrett Adolescent Centre, a facility for the treatment and rehabilitation of young people with severe and complex mental illnesses. The Queensland Government implemented all of the recommendations in her report, including the establishment of a new facility, Jacaranda Place on the campus of Prince Charles Hospital.\nShe is presently a PhD candidate at the University of Melbourne Law School, exploring sub judice contempt of court and the internet.\nIn 2019 the Women Lawyers Association of Queensland Inc conferred its Woman in Excellence award on Margaret. She is a fellow of the Australian Academy of Law. Her career has been, and continues to be, one of diligent service in and to the law, marked with many professional successes. She has always set high standards for herself. As a judge she strove to approach every case with an open mind and to ensure all parties were given a fair hearing and the opportunity to respond to the case against them. She worked hard to produce summings-up and reasons for judgment that were thoughtful and expressed in clear and simple terms.\nMargaret is a very private person, embarrassed by focus on her personal qualities. She is independently minded and resilient, but quick to acknowledge the contributions of others and to ensure that they feel valued personally and professionally. She has often said how much she enjoyed working with the young people who were her associates - and they have consistently commented on her generosity of spirit, patience, kindness, and ability to relieve tension in the courtroom (for her associates, counsel and court staff alike). Her unique blend of personal and professional qualities is part of the rich tapestry of Australian women lawyers.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/margaret-wilson\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/australian-women-lawyers-as-active-citizens\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Bennett, Joan", "Entry ID": "AWE5649", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/bennett-joan\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Home Hill, Queensland, Australia", "Death Place": "Brisbane, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Lawyer, Solicitor", "Summary": "Joan Bennett was a trailblazing solicitor who established the first law firm in Brisbane in which one of the founding partners was female. She established several successful law firms and was prominent in the Council of the Queensland Law Society.\n", "Details": "Trailblazing solicitor Joan Bennett was born on 26 August 1942 in Home Hill, near Townsville. She had a close relationship with her father, Charles Beames, with whom she shared a brief professional association. Despite the set-back of rheumatic fever, Joan was both socially and academically outstanding at school. She was a prefect who won several scholarship awards and numerous prizes for languages. The general expectation was that Joan would marry and have children. Consequently, she did not feel pre-destined for a career in the law, despite her father and cousin being prominent lawyers. She enrolled in an Arts degree in 1961 at the University College of Townsville (later to become James Cook University). In her first year of university, Joan attended the North Queensland Law Association annual dinner with her father where she met Beryl Donkin, a trailblazer who became a generous mentor to Joan. After her first year, Joan transferred to the University's Brisbane campus to study law.\nJoan delayed her degree between 1964 and 1966, when she married medical practitioner Geoffrey Bennett and had two children. In 1966 she commenced Articles of Clerkship with her father in his practice. Joan's father sadly passed away in a car accident in 1967. Joan's mother suffered a breakdown following her husband's death and moved in with Joan and the young boys. After failing subjects, Joan made the difficult decision to leave her children in her mother's care and move to Brisbane to complete her degree. She was strongly supported by Kerry Copley - a fellow student who went on to become a Queen's Counsel.\nAs a woman, Joan was discriminated against at university. On occasion Joan, along with trailblazer Quentin Bryce were removed from cases that were \"too sensitive\" for a woman. Yet when Joan was admitted as a solicitor on 16 December 1969, she was admitted along with several other women including Elizabeth Nosworthy and Elizabeth Gill.\nJoan tried to seek employment with Crown Law in Brisbane, but was denied amidst comments that women were not welcome in the firm. As a result, Joan decided that her only option was to set up her own practice. In 1970 she went into partnership with a colleague from university, establishing the first law firm in Brisbane in which one of the founding partners was female. The same year as Joan established her practice, her son was diagnosed with leukaemia. He tragically died the following year.\nJoan's firm was successful but the partnership came to an end and Joan went into partnership with a former clerk and was joined by other partners in Bennett and Associates. Her firm quickly became one of the largest suburban practices in Brisbane. In 1984, Joan left the firm and established a practice in Mt Gravatt where she practised alone from 1992. Joan's sister, Anne was a great of support to her throughout the practices, working as Joan's bookkeeper since 1972.\nJoan was a foundation member of the Women Lawyers Association of Queensland in 1978 and remained a member since that time, serving as social secretary in 1987-88, and in other capacities on the executive committee for a number of years. Joan was also an inaugural member of the Zonta Club, an organisation that advances the status of professional women. As women's issues officer in 1978-79, Joan helped to organise and run the first major women's forum in Brisbane.\nIn addition, Joan was a member of the Legal Practitioners' Admissions Board, a director for the Queensland Law Foundation and a member of the LawAsia Conference 2005. Her commitment to continuing legal education saw her chair and participate in the Queensland Law Society Symposium Committee over a number of years. In 1998, with the encouragement of existing Council member and friend Patricia Conroy, Joan nominated for and was elected as one of few women on the Council of the Queensland Law Society and was Vice-President of the Queensland Law Society's Southern District Law Association.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/joan-bennett\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/australian-women-lawyers-as-active-citizens\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Conroy, Patricia", "Entry ID": "AWE5650", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/conroy-patricia\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Brisbane, Queensland, Australia", "Death Place": "Brisbane, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Community Leader, Lawyer, Solicitor", "Summary": "Admitted as a Solicitor of the Supreme Court of Queensland in 1965, Patricia Conroy (nee Herlihy), established two partnerships with Martin Conroy in 1966 that remained steadfast - marriage in July and then a business partnership in December. In the intervening period, the couple travelled to the remote north Queensland town of Mt Isa, where they established their firm, Conroy and Conroy Solicitors. Conroy was the first woman to practise in remote north-western Queensland, and she was one half of the first husband and wife partnership to practice state-wide.\nPatricia Conroy was interviewed by Nikki Henningham for the Trailblazing Women and the Law Oral History Project. For details of the interview see the National Library of Australia CATALOGUE RECORD.\n", "Details": "Working in Mt Isa took some getting used to, and the remote location presented some challenges that practitioners from Townsville, let alone Brisbane, could never imagine, but there was plenty of work to be done and the Conroys quickly established themselves as hardworking and caring counsel. The mining town environment created a diverse professional landscape; from crime to conveyance and commercial work, the tragedy of personal injury and estate settlements and the complexity of family law, the Conroys handled the full complement of legal matters one could expect in a regional community. In so doing, it became apparent to Patricia the number of services, such as social workers, or marriage and financial guidance counsellors, Mt Isa lacked, because she seemed to be providing many of these services herself!\nSeeing community problems that needed solutions, she sought to find them. While running a successful partnership and raising a family of four children, Conroy contributed time and energy to important community initiatives. She was Foundation President of the Mount Isa Welfare Council, foundation member of the Mt Isa Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Legal Service and the Honorary Solicitor and Trustee of the Kalkadoon Aboriginal Sobriety House, to name only three organisations she contributed to. 'One of the great advantages of being a lawyer,' observes Conroy, 'especially living in a country town, is that the public observes you to have flexibility and clout\u2026' She used that clout to make a difference to the lives of Aboriginal and other marginalised people living in Mt Isa, and to women who might not have otherwise sought help in the masculine mining town.\nAnother advantage Conroy acknowledges is the importance of the support she had in the early year when she was establishing her professional practice and her community leadership. Be it the inspiration provided by her father, who left school at fourteen but with commitment and persistence became a solicitor and sole practitioner, the encouragement of her husband and partner at important moments, or the all day child care her children received from a 'wonderful woman', Conroy was conscious of the importance of support networks you could rely on, as well as the importance of trying to maintain 'work\/life balance', before the phrase was even coined.\nAfter fourteen years in Mount Isa, the Conroys moved to Gympie to practise, where Patricia continued to work for community organisations concerned with the welfare of women and children. In 1985 they moved to Brisbane where she and Martin established Conroy and Associates in Toowong, and where they practised until retirement. Patricia was a member of the Council of the Queensland Law Society from 1996 - 2004, serving as a member of the Professional Standards committee for some years. She was invited to serve on the boards of energy providers, SEQEB and Powerlink, experiences that she found challenging and inspirational as they brought her in touch with outstanding people. She was a founding member of the Queensland Women Lawyers Association.\nIf Patricia Conroy didn't coin the phrase 'women can have it all, but not all at once', she certainly endorsed its truth by example! 'The goals I set for myself,' she says, 'were to achieve a balanced life, to have a happy marriage and be a reasonable mother and at the same time have a rewarding professional life.' By any measure, including her own, she achieved those goals and made an important contribution to the legal profession, and community life in Queensland.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/australian-women-lawyers-as-active-citizens\/", "Archival Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/patricia-conroy-interviewed-by-nikki-henningham-in-the-trailblazing-women-and-the-law-oral-history-project\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Pirie, Catherine", "Entry ID": "AWE5673", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/pirie-catherine\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Cairns, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Lawyer, Magistrate, Solicitor", "Summary": "In 1989, Catherine Pirie became the first woman of Torres Strait Islander descent to be admitted as a solicitor. She achieved another first in 2000 when she was appointed Magistrate; once again, the first Torres Strait Islander to hold the position.\n", "Details": "The oldest of six children, Catherine Pirie was born in Cairns, but the family soon moved to Garbutt in Townsville. Two of the six went on to be lawyers; Catherine and her brother, Kevin Smith. The children attended Catholic schools at both primary and secondary level; their fees paid through the assistance of their paternal grandparents, Arthur and Hannah Smith.\nAfter high school, Catherine travelled to the Queensland University of Technology in Brisbane to study law, although readily admits that the only knowledge she had of the discipline was what she saw on television. Adjusting to study and life away from home was a daunting experience and by third year, she was ready to give up her studies. Fortunately, she was offered work at the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Legal Service by solicitor Paul Richards, where she worked for a number of years in a variety of roles. She returned to her studies and graduated with a Bachelor of Laws in 1988. She married David Pirie, another lawyer, in 1990.\nSince then, she and her husband have worked in Queensland and Western Australia in offices of the Aboriginal Legal Service in Townsville and Albany. She was appointed a magistrate, working mainly in the Cairns region, in 2000, becoming the first Torres Strait Islander to hold a judicial position. It was a special day for her in July 2011 when she presided in the Magistrates Court at Thursday Island.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/catherine-pirie\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/australian-women-lawyers-as-active-citizens\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Fantin, Tracy", "Entry ID": "AWE5711", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/fantin-tracy\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Gordonvale, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Barrister, Lawyer, Solicitor", "Summary": "Tracy Fantin is a Cairns based barrister and mediator who practises in planning and environment, administrative, employment and discrimination, succession and commercial law. She has worked on important coronial inquests and has experience working with Indigenous organisations and in native title.\nBorn and raised near Cairns, Fantin completed her education at Gordonvale State High School in 1982. Keen to undertake a combined Arts\/Law degree, she moved to Canberra and graduated BA LLB (Hons) from ANU in 1987. She was admitted to practice as a solicitor in NSW in 1988 and practised in Sydney and London before returning to Cairns in 1994 where she became a partner and then consultant with local firm, Morrow Petersen Solicitors. She was called to the Bar in 2005. Fantin served as a sessional member of the Queensland Anti-Discrimination Tribunal for six years (2003-2009) and the Queensland Civil and Administrative Tribunal for two years (2009-2011). She was a council member of the Bar Association of Queensland in 2014-2015 and is a member of the Australian Bar Association Diversity and Equality Committee.\nFantin has a history of involvement with community and advocacy organisations. She has served as a board member of Australian Women Lawyers (2004-2007), Women Lawyers Association of Queensland (2004-2007), Arts Law Centre of Queensland (1996-2001), Cairns Community Legal Centre and local arts organisations, and is a longstanding member of the Queensland Environmental Law Association and the Environmental Defender's Office of Northern Queensland.\nIn 2016, Tracy Fantin was named the WLAQ Regional Woman Lawyer of the Year, in recognition of her promotion of women in the legal profession and her contribution to community organisations.\nTracy Fantin was interviewed by Nikki Henningham in the Trailblazing Women and the Law Oral History Project. For details of the interview see the National Library of Australia CATALOGUE RECORD.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/australian-women-lawyers-as-active-citizens\/", "Archival Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/tracy-fantin-interviewed-by-kim-rubenstein-in-the-trailblazing-women-and-the-law-oral-history-project\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Rathus, Zoe Scott", "Entry ID": "AWE5728", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/rathus-zoe-scott\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Brisbane, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Academic, Lawyer, Solicitor", "Summary": "A former Australian Young Lawyer of the Year, Zoe Rathus is Director of the Clinical Legal Education Program and Senior Lecturer at Griffith University's Law School in Queensland. She was previously a solicitor, and then co-ordinator, at the Queensland Women's Legal Service, in whose establishment she played an integral part. In 2011 Rathus was appointed a Member of the Order of Australia for service to the law, particularly through contributions to the rights of women, children and the Indigenous community, to education and to professional organisations.\nZoe Rathus was interviewed by Kim Rubenstein for the Trailblazing Women and the Law Oral History Project. For details of the interview see the National Library of Australia CATALOGUE RECORD.\n", "Details": "Zoe Rathus graduated from the University of Queensland with Bachelor of Arts and Bachelor of Laws (Honours) degrees in the early 1980s. One of Rathus' Law tutors was Quentin Bryce, later Australia's first woman to hold the office of Governor-General. Bryce was also a mentor and role model to Rathus when women in such positions were few and far between for female students [The Australian].\nIn 1983, Rathus was admitted as a solicitor, working at the time for Lillie and Associates, a small suburban law firm. She practised mainly in family and criminal law. She subsequently joined the firm Goss Downey Carne. In 1984 Rathus was one of those involved in setting up the Queensland Women's Legal Service. (She recalls that Bryce, by this time the first director of the Queensland Women's Information Service in the Office of the Status of Women, was a valuable supporter of, fundraiser and networker for the nascent Legal Service) [The Australian].\nAs a solicitor with the Legal Service, Rathus was an advocate for women who experienced domestic violence. She was chairperson of the Queensland Domestic Violence Council and assisted with the defence of Dagma Stephenson who successfully pleaded self-defence after the homicide of her violent husband of 22 years [Green Left Weekly]. In 1990, Rathus received the accolade of Australian Young Lawyer of the Year, awarded by the Young Lawyers' Section of the Law Council of Australia.\nWith the matter of women in the legal system continuing to occupy her thinking, in 1993 Rathus wrote what has been described as a 'seminal' report, entitled 'Rougher than Usual Handling: Women and the Criminal Justice System'. The report was \"[b]ased on the knowledge of women's experiences before the law accrued from experience in the community legal sector, [and it was said to have] made an invaluable contribution to the reform of Queensland criminal law\" [Galloway].\nFrom 1995 to 1998 Rathus' continuing contribution to gender issues and the law acquired an international focus. She became involved in consultations concerning a key policy document seeking gender equality for South Africa: 'Justice Vision 2000\u2032 [Gender Policy].\nRathus became co-ordinator of the Queensland Women's Legal Service in 1989. In this role, she enjoined the Queensland Government to make changes to stalking laws to increase women's protection, and opposed funding cuts to Legal Aid which adversely affected women on low incomes who were involved with the Family Court [Courier Mail; Meryment].\nIn 1999, Rathus was deputy chair of the Women's Taskforce Review of Queensland's criminal justice system, which examined the impact upon women of the Queensland Criminal Code, court practices and the legal system. As a result of the Review's findings, in 2000 law reform was enacted which provided increased protection for women and children in rape and child abuse cases [Monk & Parnell].\nRathus was presented with the inaugural Queensland Woman Lawyer of the Year Award by the Women Lawyers' Association Queensland in 2001. Two years later she was the recipient of the Centenary Medal, for distinguished service to the law and women's issues in Queensland.\nIn 2005, Rathus became Director of the Clinical Legal Education Program at Griffith University. She was also appointed Senior Lecturer; she lectures on family law, particularly in relation to family violence and gender-related matters, and women and teaches ethics and professional practice, which includes consideration of diversity within the legal profession and access to justice. An inspiration to her students, in 2011 they showed their appreciation, with Rathus receiving the 'Best Lecturer-Brisbane Award' by the Golden Key International Honour Society for her work as Program Director [Griffith].\nAlso in 2011, Rathus was appointed as a Member in the General Division of the Order of Australia for service to the law, particularly through contributions to the rights of women, children and the Indigenous community, to education and to professional organisations. Rathus has, furthermore, been recognised with the Travis Lindenmayer Award for services to family law.\nShe is a board member of the Innocence Project and also a member of the member of the management committee of the Immigrant Women's Support Service. She was previously a board member of Legal Aid Queensland and the Legal Services Commission.\nRathus was instrumental in establishing the Queensland Women's Legal Service and her passion and longstanding advocacy for family law, for women's and children's rights and access to justice, continue to have an impact on communities across Queensland.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/australian-women-lawyers-as-active-citizens\/", "Archival Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/zoe-rathus-interviewed-by-kim-rubenstein-in-the-trailblazing-women-and-the-law-oral-history-project\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Wilson, Nerida", "Entry ID": "AWE5732", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/wilson-nerida\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Cairns, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Barrister, Lawyer, Magistrate, Solicitor", "Summary": "Her Honour Nerida Wilson is a Magistrate based in the regional Queensland city of Mackay. Born, raised and educated in Cairns, her career in the law began in 1987 when she joined the Australian Federal Police, undertaking training in Canberra and then serving in Melbourne until 1994 when family circumstances brought her back to Cairns. In 1997 she fulfilled a childhood ambition to see the letters LLB beside her name by enrolling in law at Queensland University of Technology as a mature age student.\nUpon graduation, Nerida worked as a solicitor in Mackay, (where she was by co-incidence, appointed to the bench in October 2015), before moving back to Cairns to practise. Nerida was called to the Bar in February 2008 and enjoyed a diverse practice in family, criminal and civil law. She also appeared at Inquests for parties and as Counsel Assisting the Coroner.\nNerida has been engaged in a number of important local community initiatives and organisations. She is a Past President of the Far North Qld Law Association and the Cairns Regional Domestic Violence Service. She lectured and tutored in family law at the Cairns campus of James Cook University. In the early 2000s Nerida developed an Annual Inter-Campus Moot Competition for students at James Cook University securing sponsorship for the event and attracting support from the local judiciary and senior legal practitioners.\nHer standing in the community at large and capacity for managing change was acknowledged when she was elected President of the Cairns Golf Club in 2014, the first woman to hold the post in the club's 90 year history.\nNerida's contribution to the legal profession was acknowledged in 2013 when she was awarded the Regional Woman Lawyer of the Year Award by the Queensland Women Lawyers Association. She participated in the Queensland Women Lawyers 'Ladder Program' as a mentor for young women lawyers.\nHer advice to all young women starting their careers in the law is to 'Surround yourself with good people. Get good mentors early on - people that you can trust'. She counts Magistrate Tina Previtera amongst her mentors and one of the many 'good people' she was fortunate to meet. Her advice to all young people, regardless of whether they plan to be lawyers or not, is to 'give life enough space to present opportunities to you. If we are too rigid, we are going to foreclose on so many rich, rich opportunities. Be open and embrace unexpected opportunities.'\nNerida Wilson was interviewed by Kim Rubenstein in the Trailblazing Women and the Law Oral History Project. For details of the interview see the National Library of Australia CATALOGUE RECORD.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/australian-women-lawyers-as-active-citizens\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/changing-of-the-guard\/", "Archival Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/nerida-wilson-interviewed-by-nikki-henningham-in-the-trailblazing-women-and-the-law-oral-history-project\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Tennent, Shan Eve", "Entry ID": "AWE5739", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/tennent-shan-eve\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Brisbane, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Barrister, Coroner, Judge, Lawyer, Solicitor", "Summary": "The Honourable Justice Shan Tennent was appointed a Judge of the Supreme Court of Tasmania in 2005, making her the first woman to be appointed in the state's (then) 180 year history. She is (in 2016) the second longest serving judge on the jurisdiction after the current Chief Justice The Hon Justice Alan Michael Blow, OAM.\nShan Tennent was interviewed by Nikki Henningham for the Trailblazing Women and the Law Oral History Project. For details of the interview see the National Library of AustraliaCATALOGUE RECORD.\n", "Details": "Born in Brisbane in 1952, Justice Tennent was brought up in St Lucia, near the University of Queensland, in Brisbane. The first in her family to attend university, she attended the local state primary school before starting her secondary education at St Aidan's Church of England Girls' School and finishing it at St Peter's Lutheran School, matriculating at the young age of 16 in 1968. Her choice to study law was somewhat accidental; as a student with a preference for humanities, she did not relish the idea of becoming a school teacher, so chose law instead. Enrolling in law in 1969 without the benefit of a scholarship (so fully funded by her parents), as a very young woman in a masculine environment, Tennent admits to being 'overwhelmed' at first. Fortunately, her response to this was to work very hard. She passed first year, while others of her school year didn't. She was rewarded for her tenacity with a Commonwealth Scholarship at the end of her first year.\nAlmost from the outset of her legal career, Justice Tennent was balancing the demands of work and home life. In second year (1970), she married and in third year, she had a child. She was permitted to complete that year over two years and a supportive family network helped her to manage, so she was able to graduate in 1973. The end of her formal study, however, marked the beginning of her gender trouble, as she applied for articles. One interview experience was particularly deflating. The man across the desk interviewing her waited ten minutes before saying to her 'Look, I'm sorry, there's no point in continuing with this. You'll never remain in the law. It's a waste of my time and effort to train you.' Her self-esteem took a huge battering as she received rejection after rejection, based on the fact that she was a married woman with a child.\nShe eventually did her two year articles with Alex Freeleagus at Henderson and Lahey, a large Brisbane firm with which she worked for another year after completing articles and being admitted. She started working in matrimonial law, an interesting area at the time, given the introduction of the Family Law Act in 1975. In 1977, Justice Tennent's husband was offered a job in Hobart and so the family moved to Tasmania. Arriving with winter just around the corner was a shock to the system for a woman from Brisbane and without a job, who admits she would have 'quite happily turned around and gone back to Brisbane.' She found work, during school hours initially, doing primarily conveyancing and commercial work. In 1978 she went back to working full time, primarily in the area of family law. She built her practice over the years, working at Hobart firm Page Seagar where she was a partner for 15 years. She was twice president of the Tasmanian Family Law Practitioners Association.\nAfter twenty years in private practice, Justice Tennent became a magistrate and coroner in 1998. She oversaw the high-profile 2001 inquest into prisoner deaths in custody at Risdon Prison, the state's largest prison. The subsequent report resulted in a number of sackings, and ultimately led to the decision to completely rebuild the prison. As a magistrate, she served as vice-president of the State branch of the Association of Australian Magistrates and secretary and treasurer of the Tasmanian Magistrates Association.\nIn 2005, Justice Tennent was named Tasmania's first female Supreme Court Judge. Said Attorney General Judy Jackson at the time of Justice Tennent's appointment 'Shan Tennent has a striking intellect and an excellent grounding in Tasmanian Law. She will be a justice of the highest order\u2026the first of many women appointed to the bench.' Said Justice Tennent, when asked what sort of judge she thought she might be, 'A fair one. It's a progression in my career and \u2026 I'm sure I will enjoy it.' It's not a bad outcome for someone who was told she wasn't worth training because she would never stay in the law.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/australian-women-lawyers-as-active-citizens\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/states-first-female-judge\/", "Archival Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/shan-tennent-interviewed-by-nikki-henningham-in-the-trailblazing-women-and-the-law-oral-history-project\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Whitehouse, Mollie", "Entry ID": "AWE5742", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/whitehouse-mollie\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Queensland, Australia", "Death Place": "Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Lawyer, Public servant, Solicitor", "Summary": "Mary (Mollie) Eugenie Whitehouse was the sixth woman to be admitted as a solicitor in Queensland, on 26 September 1939. She served her articles between 1930 and 1939 with a firm in Warwick, Queensland (Messrs Neil O'Sullivan and Neville), completing her legal studies via correspondence while caring for her sick father. Firmly believing that all women should have an occupation, he willingly financed her training.\nWhitehouse attempted to join the armed forces during World War 2, but was excluded due to poor eyesight. After performing temporary work as a typist in an army records office, she was employed as a temporary legal officer in the newly established Crown Solicitor's office in Brisbane. She left the office when she married Eric Whitehouse in August 1944. Mollie had six children, the first of which died at birth in 1945.\nThe Whitehouses purchased the Pender and Pender (later Pender and Whitehouse) in 1951. While raising five children, Mollie worked for the firm in a variety of capacities, increasing her workload once her youngest child started school. By the time they had all completed school, she was working full-time. She continued to practise until 1989, fifty years after her admission.\nMollie Whitehouse was a founding member of the Queensland Women Lawyers Association. She always regarded herself as 'a lawyer who was a woman, not a woman lawyer'.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/a-womans-place-100-years-of-queensland-women-lawyers\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/australian-women-lawyers-as-active-citizens\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/law\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Wolfe, Patricia (Patsy)", "Entry ID": "AWE5744", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/wolfe-patricia-patsy\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Brisbane, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Barrister, Commissioner, Judge, Lawyer, Solicitor", "Summary": "Her Honour Patricia (Patsy) Wolfe served as Chief Judge of the District Court of Queensland between 1999 and 2014. She was the first woman to be appointed to the role. In 2014 she received the Order of Australia for her 'distinguished service to the judiciary, to the law through legal education reform and as a mentor and role model for women'.\nPatsy Wolfe came to law as a mature age student and mother, after first pursuing careers in medicine and journalism. She graduated LLB with honours from the University of Queensland in 1978 and was admitted to the Bar the same year. In 1979, she joined the Faculty of Law as a senior tutor and then went on to complete a Masters Degree in 1983. While senior tutor, she met Margaret White and Quentin Bryce and formed supportive and enduring friendships with them both.\nBefore being appointed to the District Court in 1995, Wolfe served as Deputy Commissioner of the Fitzgerald Inquiry Into Official Corruption (1988-89) and as a part-time Commissioner on the Human Rights and Equal Opportunity Commission (1993-95).\nShe is well remembered for her forthright comments made when she was chair of the Queensland Women's Consultative Committee in 1992. When challenged as to why Queensland women needed such a committee, when there was no equivalent body for men, her response was direct and uncompromising. Men already had a powerful organisation, she said. 'It's called Cabinet, where men outnumber women sixteen to two\u2026That's why we need council as a direct line to the Premier.'\n", "Events": "Bachelor of Arts, University of Queensland (1974 - 1974) \nAdmitted as a Barrister of the Supreme Court of Queensland (1978 - 1978) \nBachelor of Laws (Honours), University of Queensland (1978 - 1978) \nSenior Tutor, University of Queensland Law School (1978 - 1980) \nIn-house, Feez Ruthning Solicitors (1981 - 1982) \nMaster of Laws, University of ueensland (1983 - 1983) \nDeputy Commissioner, Commission of Inquiry into Official Corruption (1988 - 1989) \nChair, Review into Land Policy and Administration (1990 - 1990) \nChair, Queensland Women's Consultative Council (1992 - 1994) \nPractised at the Bar in Queensland (1983 - 1995) \nPart-time Commissioner, Human Rights and Equal Opportunity Commission (1993 - 1995) \nMember, Visiting Committee Griffith University Law School (1991 - 1997) \nMembers, National Institute Law Ethics and Public Affairs (1992 - 1997) \nMember, Council of Stuartholme School (1986 - 1999) \nMember, Key Centre Ethics Law Justice and Governance (1999 - 2002) \nCentenary Medal (2003 - 2003) \nHon DUniv (Griffith) (2003 - 2003) \nMember, Council of Griffith University (1989 - 2003) \nOfficer of the Order of Australia (2014 - 2014) \nJudge, District Court of Queensland (1995 - 2014) \nChief Judge, District Court of Queensland (1999 - 2014) \nJudge, Planning and Environment Court (1999 - 2014)", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/patricia-wolfe\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/australian-women-lawyers-as-active-citizens\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/law\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Finn, Mary Madeleine", "Entry ID": "AWE5745", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/finn-mary-madeleine\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Brisbane, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Barrister, Judge, Law clerk, Lawyer, Public servant, Solicitor", "Summary": "Justice Mary Finn of the Family Court of Australia is a second-generation woman lawyer (third generation lawyer). Her mother was Clare Foley, Queensland's fourth woman solicitor, who, in turn, was the daughter of an Ipswich lawyer, Edward Pender. Appointed to the bench of the Family Court in 1990, Justice Finn retired on her seventieth birthday, in July 2016.\nFinn's reputation as a drafter and developer of legislation, established during her career in the Federal Attorney-General's office, was renowned. Lionel Bowen, federal Attorney-General 1984-1990, described her advice as both 'practical and accurate'; he was known to ask regularly, when confronted with legislative challenges, 'What would Mary think?'\nFinn is well known for her contribution to the review of the Family Law Act 1975, completed in 1980, and for her contribution to committees established to implement the report's recommendations. Her public service experience established her credentials as an expert in family law; at the time of her appointment to the bench in 1990 she was regarded as one of Australia's leading experts on the Family Law Act.\nBoth of Finn's children, Wilfred and Eugenie, are fourth generation lawyers, with Eugenie enjoying a special and rare status in Australian law as a third generation woman lawyer.\n", "Details": "Born in Brisbane in 1946, Mary Foley was educated by the Sisters of the Sacred Heart at her mother's (Clare Foley) alma mater, Stuartholme. She recalls receiving great encouragement, 'academically and intellectually' from the nuns who were 'wonderful teachers'. She loved to read and enjoyed history, but because she did not fancy either of the career options that a straight Arts degree offered women at the time - teaching and librarianship - she looked to her own family history and decided to study a combined degree in Arts Law. She started study at the University of Queensland in 1964; one of seven women among one hundred first year students in her law cohort and one of only three who graduated.\nShe completed her Arts degree three years into her six year combined course and began work as a law clerk in the Queensland Office of Crown Law. Her first public service job created a precedent; in 1967 the only public service classifications open to women in the Crown Law office were in the secretarial stream, but Mary was the first woman to be employed in the office in a legal capacity. As a legal student studying at the University of Queensland but working in the Crown Law office, according to the practice at the time, she was admitted as a barrister without the requirement of articles and with few additional requirements once her degree was completed. She was, therefore, exposed to court work during her years at Crown Law, although her superiors were reluctant to expose her to criminal law, fearing she would be upset by what she heard and saw.\n'Protected' from criminal law, Mary spent most of her time in the common law section of the Crown Law office, but she also had to the opportunity to develop her legal research skills undertaking a variety of projects for the Queensland Attorney-General, Solicitor-General and Crown Solicitor. This experience prepared her for a major part of her career to come because it involved proof-reading draft Commonwealth-state uniform legislation, being developed for the first time in the late 1960s. She was working in the Crown Law office in 1969 when she was admitted to the Queensland Bar, the sixth woman in the state to accomplish the feat.\nIn 1969, Mary Foley married Paul Finn, who had been in her year at law school. The couple travelled overseas so that Paul could further his studies. Whilst abroad in Britain, Mary found work as a legal advisor for a mining company with operations in Zambia, a job she found fascinating. When the family returned to Brisbane, she took that experience with her and worked for eighteen months as head of the mining section at solicitors Feez Ruthning.\nIn 1977, the Finns moved to Canberra; by 1979 Mary was again employed as a public servant, working on the review of the Family Law Act 1975, an area of law that was entirely new to her. Thus began her long career as a public servant dealing with family court matters, as legal researcher, adviser, expert drafter of legislation and judge. She was seconded to the Law Reform Commission in 1986 to work on matrimonial property legislative reform, holding positions at that time on the Family Law Council and Board of the Institute of Family Studies. She spent a year as Commonwealth coordinating officer for the Standing Committee of Attorneys-Genera, before moving to the Trade Practices and Competition Policy branch of the Attorney-General's department. She was a member of the Film Review Board from 1988 until her appointment as a Judge of the Family Court of Australia in 1990.\nFinn's appointment as a judge was unusual given her relative lack of experience appearing in the court as a barrister. Appointments to the Bench directly from the Attorney-General's department were rare, but Finn's considerable experience and deep knowledge of the Family Law Act were valued highly by her peers. In 1993 she was assigned to the Appeal Division of the Family Court, further testimony to 'her skill, and to the wisdom of those who appointed her'. Before her retirement in July 2016, she was the senior judge (after the Chief and Deputy Chief Justices) on the Appeals division.\nOutside her court and family responsibilities, Mary Finn contributed to external boards and tribunals. She was a member of the Council of the Australian National University between 1993 and 2002, an era of great transition and change in the Australian tertiary education sector.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/clare-foley-and-her-daughter-mary-finn\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/key-issues-in-family-law-papers-presented-at-symposium-1994-held-on-4-6-march-1994-papers-presented-by-mary-finn-phil-theobald-michael-habermann\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/australian-women-lawyers-as-active-citizens\/", "Archival Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/biographical-cuttings-on-justice-mary-finn-family-court-judge-in-canberra-containing-one-or-more-cuttings-from-newspapers-or-journals\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Kruger, Grace", "Entry ID": "AWE5747", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/kruger-grace\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Charters Towers, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Law clerk, Lawyer, Magistrate, Secretary, Solicitor", "Summary": "In 1990 Grace Kruger became the first woman to be appointed a magistrate in Queensland.\nAfter completing Junior at the Malanda High School in far north Queensland, Grace Kruger commenced employment at the Magistrates Court Office, Ingham, as a Clerk\/Typist. She left in 1968 to travel overseas and gained temporary employment in the Premier's Department in Queensland House, in London. She was appointed to the permanent staff in 1969. Whilst in London, Grace passed the exam enabling her to become a Clerk in the Queensland Public Service.\nKruger returned to Queensland in 1972 and took up a Clerk position in Brisbane. Now eligible to sit for the Clerk of the Courts examination, she was eligible for promotion within the Magistrates Court Service. She was also then eligible to enrol with the Solicitors Board of Queensland. Kruger was admitted as a Solicitor in 1984.\nKruger served in various parts of the State taking promotion as Senior Clerk Mackay, Relieving Clerk of the Court, Clerk of the Court Munduberra\/Eidsvold, Clerk of the Court Cloncurry and Clerk of the Court Townsville. In both Cloncurry and Townsville she acted on numerous occasions as a Stipendiary Magistrate.\nKruger was appointed Stipendiary Magistrate, Kingaroy, in March 1990. She retired on 8th August, 1998.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/grace-kruger\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/australian-women-lawyers-as-active-citizens\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Clare, Leanne", "Entry ID": "AWE5748", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/clare-leanne\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Ipswich, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Barrister, Judge, Lawyer, Senior Counsel", "Summary": "In July 2000, Leanne Clare was appointed the Queensland Director of Public Prosecutions - the first woman to hold this position in Queensland.\nGraduating from the Queensland University of Technology in 1984 with a Bachelor of Laws, Clare was admitted as a Barrister of the Supreme Court of Queensland in the following year. She joined the Office of the Director of Public Prosecutions, in the Justice and Attorney-General's Department in 1985.\nFrom 1986 to 1989, she was with the Child Abuse Unit and became a Crown Prosecutor in 1988, becoming Senior Crown Prosecutor in 1991. Leanne became a Senior Counsel, Appeals in 1995. She stepped up to act as Director and Deputy Director of Public Prosecutions several times during 1998. During 1999 and 2000, she was an acting member of the District Court in Ipswich.\nOn the 2nd of April, 2008, she was appointed a judge of the District Court of Queensland.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/leanne-clare\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/australian-women-lawyers-as-active-citizens\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Foley, Clare", "Entry ID": "AWE5749", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/foley-clare\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Ipswich, Queensland, Australia", "Death Place": "Brisbane, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Lawyer, Partner, Solicitor", "Summary": "Clare Foley was the fourth woman to be admitted as a Solicitor of the Supreme Court of Queensland. The daughter of an Ipswich lawyer, she commenced a Bachelor of Arts degree at the University of Queensland in 1931. She then began her articles of clerkship with her brother Thomas Joseph in 1933. With her two brothers, Clare established a family legal practice through the Depression and in May 1939 she was admitted as a Solicitor.\nSoon after admission, Foley became a partner with her brother in the firm of T.J. Pender & Pender until 1950, the year of her brother, Thomas Joseph's, sudden death. At that point she decided the practice should be sold, however, encouraged by friends, she carried on until the practice was bought by Mary and Eric Whitehouse in October of 1951.\nIn 1967, Clare resumed practice at the Toowong firm of Foley & Foley, where she was assisted by her husband and son, Thomas Joseph. Although Clare's son Thomas took over the firm as partner during the mid 1980s, his tragic death in 1992 forced Clare to return to work to run, then dispose of the practice.\nClare Foley was the first of a family dynasty of women lawyers. Her daughter, Mary, went on to become a Judge of the Family Court of Australia and her grand-daughter, Eugenie was admitted as a New South Wales solicitor in 2016.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/clare-foley-and-her-daughter-mary-finn\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/australian-women-lawyers-as-active-citizens\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Haxton, Naida", "Entry ID": "AWE5751", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/haxton-naida\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Brisbane, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Academic, Barrister, Editor, Lawyer, Solicitor", "Summary": "Naida Haxton completed degrees in arts and then law at the University of Queensland. She was admitted to practise in 1966 (the first woman to actively practise at the Queensland Bar) and almost immediately began receiving briefs. Her practice was, to begin with, \"commercial work, probate work, bankruptcy and some family law\".\nIn 1967 she received her first junior brief in the Supreme Court and in 1969, her first brief in the High Court. She read with Cedric Hampson. She also lectured at the University of Queensland in Land Law and Commercial Law, and frequently gave speeches to women's organisations.\nShe moved after marriage to Sydney and was admitted to the NSW Bar in early 1972. She read with Murray Tobias and devilled for Bob St John and Jeremy Badgery-Parker and actively practised until the late 1970s.\nFrom 1972 to 1981, Naida was editor of the Papua New Guinea Law Reports. In 1981, she was appointed Assistant Editor of the NSW Law Reports (NSWLR) until 2000 when she was made the Editor.\nNaida also lectured at the University of Sydney, the University of Technology Sydney (UTS) and for the Bar Association continuing education program.\nShe was appointed a Member of the Order of Australia in 2007 for her services to the legal profession and to the judiciary, particularly as Editor of the NSWLR and as a practitioner and educator.\nHaxton Chambers in Brisbane is named in Naida's honour. She retired from the bar in 2006.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/res-gestae-things-done\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/naida-haxton\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/australian-women-lawyers-as-active-citizens\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/law\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Martin, Joan", "Entry ID": "AWE5752", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/martin-joan\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Barrister, Lawyer, Solicitor", "Summary": "Joan Martin worked in the Commonwealth Crown Solicitor's Office from 1943 to 1987. She commenced her career as a typist and became a Legal Officer, rising to the position of Principal Legal Officer.\nIn 1943 when Joan joined the newly opened Crown Solicitor's Office in Brisbane, Una Prentice and Mollie Whitehouse were Legal Officers.\nFollowing the end of the War, she saw many women give up their jobs as men returned from the War. Joan became head typist but by 1960 was concerned at the prospect of spending her life behind a typewriter. In 1960, she completed the adult matriculation course and in 1961 she enrolled as a part-time law student at the University of Queensland.\nJoan completed her studies in seven years. In December 1967 she was admitted as a barrister and was immediately appointed as a Legal Officer with the Crown Solicitor. Her work primarily involved tax and general recovery work. Joan became a Senior Legal Officer in 1973\/4 in charge of the Taxation and General Recovery Section. She was appointed a Principal Legal Officer in 1985, in charge of the expanded Tax Recovery Section.\nJoan remained in the Crown Solicitor's Office until her retirement in 1987.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/a-womans-place-100-years-of-queensland-women-lawyers\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/australian-women-lawyers-as-active-citizens\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "O'Sullivan, Helen", "Entry ID": "AWE5753", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/osullivan-helen\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Toowoomba, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Barrister, Judge, Lawyer", "Summary": "Her Honour Helen O'Sullivan is a retired judge of the Queensland District Court. She began her career as a Junior Clerk in Toowoomba, prior to returning to school and graduating from a Bachelor of Commerce degree.\nFollowing her practice as a Senior Accountant in Perth, O'Sullivan graduated from a part-time Law degree and began practice as a Solicitor in Brisbane. In 1981, she was appointed Director of Continuing Legal Education at the Queensland Law Society, after which she commenced practice as a Barrister at the private bar.\nHer Honour was appointed to the District Court bench in 1991 and retired at the end of 2009. She famously declared herself 'an unapologetic feminist' at her swearing-in ceremony on 9 April 1991. The official published transcript of proceedings deleted the word 'unapologetic' - reminding us that the Queensland bench was one of society's most conservative bastions. Originally reluctant to accept a judicial appointment, O'Sullivan eventually agreed, believing it to be the best pathway with potential to change the system.\nO'Sullivan was committed to a variety of pro bono and community causes. Before accepting her judicial appointment, she acted as a duty lawyer for Legal Aid and as a volunteer at the Caxton Street Legal Service. She was a foundation member of the Women's Legal Service and volunteer lawyer there for some years. With Di Fingleton, she was the co-founder of the Financial Counselling Service.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/helen-osullivan\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/australian-women-lawyers-as-active-citizens\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "McCarthy, Veronica", "Entry ID": "AWE5754", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/mccarthy-veronica\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Brisbane, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Lawyer, Partner, Solicitor", "Summary": "Veronica McCarthy left school at the age of 15 and joined the public service. She decided to become a librarian and completed secondary school by evening classes. However, when Myles Kane offered her articles of clerkship, she accepted.\nIn 1967 McCarthy began her articles, performed secretarial work at Roberts & Kane and attended the University of Queensland at night. In 1972 she was admitted as a solicitor, the 42nd woman to be placed on the roll. She continued to work as a solicitor at Roberts & Kane where she became a partner in 1977.\nVeronica McCarthy was the inaugural Secretary of the Women Lawyers Association, a position she continues to hold. She has served on the Law Society Grants Committee and was a member of the Supreme Court Library Committee.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/a-womans-place-100-years-of-queensland-women-lawyers\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/australian-women-lawyers-as-active-citizens\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Mulholland, Bernadine (Bernie)", "Entry ID": "AWE5755", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/mulholland-bernadine-bernie\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Brisbane, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Childbirth educator, Physiotherapist", "Summary": "Bernadine Mulholland graduated in physiotherapy from the University of Queensland in 1955. In 1964 she established the a branch of the Childbirth Education Association in Canberra, joining the Australian Physiotherapy Association in 1967. In 1968 she began Canberra's first childbirth classes. From 1969-83 she worked with physically handicapped children at the Royal Canberra Hospital (RCH) and helped establish the Hartley Centre, O'Connor, for children with cerebral palsy in 1973 working there as a physiotherapist and as its administrator (1975-78) . During the 1980s she worked at the RCH in orthopaedic and post-operative rehabilitation and from 1990-2007 in its Aged Care Unit. Since 2009 she has worked in the orthopaedics ward of the Calvary John James Hospital.\n", "Details": "Bernadine Mulholland was born in Brisbane, Queensland, on 19 July 1932, the daughter of Bernard James O'Brien, Director of Post and Telegraphs, Queensland, and Kathleen Ann Walsh. She was educated at St Finbar's Primary School, Ashgrove, and All Hallows Secondary School, Brisbane.\nIn 1951 she began her physiotherapy studies at the University of Queensland and Brisbane General Hospital, graduating in 1955. That year she worked at Greenslopes Repatriation Hospital before marrying William Mulholland, an Observer in the Royal Australian Naval Fleet Air Arm, and moving to England. In 1956 she returned to Australia, living at the HMAS Albatross Naval Base, Nowra.\nShe moved to Canberra in 1964 where the last of her five children was born. In 1965 she formed part of a that established a Canberra branch of the Childbirth Education Association and became a member of the Australian Physiotherapy Association in 1967. In 1968 she became the first physiotherapist to conduct childbirth education classes in the ACT in the Lamaze method of natural childbirth. From 1969-83 she worked at the Royal Canberra Hospital with physically handicapped children and privately as a childbirth educator.\nIn 1972 she became part of a team working to establish the Hartley Centre, O'Connor, a day-care centre for the treatment and education of children with cerebral palsy and other physical handicaps. She subsequently worked there both as a physiotherapist and as its administrator from 1975-78. She facilitated the integration of handicapped children into mainstream schooling in Canberra, delivering a paper on the subject at the Australasian Physiotherapy Conference in Singapore in 1981.\nDuring the 1980s she worked largely in orthopaedics and post-operative rehabilitation at the Royal Canberra Hospital, and from 1990-2007 in its Aged Care Unit, the first in Australia. In 2001 she was awarded the ACT Public Service Centenary Award for her work with older people. She retired in 2006, returning to work in 2008, first at the Canberra Hospital and since 2009 in the orthopaedics ward of the Calvary John James Hospital.\nIn 2014 she was awarded the Order of Australia Medal in and was a finalist in the ACT Senior Australian.\n", "Archival Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/bernadine-mulholland-interviewed-by-ann-mari-jordens\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Kiefel, Susan Mary", "Entry ID": "AWE5837", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/kiefel-susan-mary\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Barrister, Commissioner, Judge, Lawyer", "Summary": "Susan Mary Kiefel was appointed to the Court in September 2007. At the time of her appointment she was a judge of the Federal Court of Australia and the Supreme Court of Norfolk Island. She served as a judge of the Supreme Court of Queensland in 1993-94 before joining the Federal Court. She was admitted to the Queensland Bar in 1975 and was the first woman in Queensland to be appointed Queen's Counsel, in 1987. Justice Kiefel served as a part-time Commissioner of the Australian Law Reform Commission from 2003 to 2007. She has a Master of Laws degree from Cambridge University. Justice Kiefel was appointed a Companion in the General Division of the Order of Australia in 2011. She was elected a titular member of the International Academy of Comparative Law in June 2013. She was elected an Honorary Bencher of the Honourable Society of Gray's Inn in November 2014.\nOn 29 November 2016, Justice Kiefel was appointed Chief Justice of the High Court of Australia. She is the first woman to achieve the position, ending 113 years of men leading the nation's highest court.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/kiefel-appointment-is-refreshing-but-greater-diversity-is-an-ongoing-task\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/susan-kiefel-becomes-australias-first-female-high-court-chief-justice\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/law\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/australian-women-lawyers-as-active-citizens\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Lahey, May", "Entry ID": "AWE5846", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/lahey-may\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Canungra, Queensland, Australia", "Death Place": "Los AngelesLos Angeles, California, United States of America", "Occupations": "Barrister, Judge, Lawyer", "Summary": "May Darlington Lahey was the first female Queenslander to practice law. Although her legal career took place overseas, Lahey can lay claim to being Australia's first female judge.\n", "Details": "Lahey was born in Queensland and attended Brisbane Grammar School, followed by Sydney University. She was said to be a feisty young woman with the gift of the gab, and it was an uncle living in California that suggested she put her skills to use in the courtroom.\nBy 1910 Lahey had moved to Los Angeles and enrolled at the University of Southern California College of Law. Lahey graduated on 11 June 1914 with an LLB (Honours). She was admitted to the Californian Bar the very next day, after which she specialised in probate law. In 1915 Lahey was appointed a Referee of the Probate Court.\nLahey became an American citizen in 1916. She was a prominent figure in women's organisations, such as the League of Women Voters and the Women Lawyers Club. It is reported that 'she was renowned for her vivacious personality, Australian accent and talent for public speaking.'\nLahey became the second female judge appointed to the Los Angeles Municipal Court, on Christmas Day, 1928 - only seven years after Mary O'Toole became the United States' first woman municipal judge and 37 years before Roma Mitchell's South Australian appointment. She took office on January 3, 1929. A few days later, a reception was held in her honour, whereby more than 600 guests attended, including virtually all the Los Angeles judiciary (State and Federal), many leaders of the Bar and numerous local residents.\nLahey was one of the most prominent members of the American Lawyers Club and she represented California at numerous prestigious legal conferences\nAfter 15 years on the bench, Lahey was unanimously elected the court's first female Presiding Judge. She remained at the court until her retirement in 1965.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/australian-women-lawyers-as-active-citizens\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Driver, Ada Annie", "Entry ID": "AWE5971", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/driver-ada-annie\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Photographer", "Summary": "Ada Driver was one of the most successful woman photographers working in Brisbane in the early twentieth century. She owned her own studio, producing high-class portraiture and illustrative work. Driver used the latest processes, adding artistic colouring to produce soft-toned photographs, as well as producing images for magic lantern slides and stereoscopic photographs.\n", "Details": "Ada Driver was considered one of the most successful woman photographers working in Brisbane in the early twentieth century. She owned her own studio and was known for her high-class portraiture and illustrative work.\nDriver was born into a large family of eight children on 12 November 1868 in Queensland. Her father was Charles Driver, who had worked as a cane cutter but then opened a shop, and her mother was Harriett Howe. Driver was trained by Poul C. Poulson, a Danish-born photographer who was the most prominent photographer in Queensland at the turn of the century. He had arrived in Sydney in 1876 and moved to Queensland in 1882, setting up a studio in Brisbane at 7 Queen Street in 1885. Although known today for his scenes of Queensland's early development, his studio also produced many portraits and it was in this photographic genre that Driver was trained.\nIn 1906 when Driver was in her late thirties, she established her own studio at 51 Queen Street, which she called Miss Driver's Studio. She placed advertisements in The Brisbane Courier highlighting her studio's use of 'the latest processes.' She added that 'artistic colouring to life and other special features are obtained. A speciality is made of postcards and children's portraits. A special department for the sale of artistic postcards has also been opened' (The Brisbane Courier 12 Aug 1907).\nHer work was soon in high demand as a result of the praise she received from the press. For example, The Brisbane Courier wrote that her photographs are 'noted for a softness of tone, a fine finish, and delicate shading' (Dec 1907). As a result of her success she was able to employ studio assistants, most of whom were women. She was known for 'playing the violin [in the studio with these women] during the lunch breaks' (Kerr 396). Among her staff were her sister Lucy (who took over the Ada Driver Studios in Fortitude Valley) and the photographer Elsie Lambton, whom she trained.\nDriver's work was published in a number of Queensland newspapers including The Brisbane Courier, The Week, The Queenslander and The Telegraph, all of which featured her portrait shots as well as some of her illustrative pieces. In addition to portrait work Driver was attributed with producing a number of magic lantern slides and stereoscopic photographs that were bequeathed to the State Library of Queensland.\nOn the 31 December 1913, Driver, who was aged 45, married William Ellis Evans, the Queensland manager of Kodak; they did not have any children. The fact that there are no known works by her after this date suggests that she may have retired at this point in her career, although her studio as such continued to operate until 1919.\n Collections\nCoffs Harbour Regional Museum\nJohn Oxley Library, State Library of Queensland\nCollection of family photographs, John Oxley Library, State Library of Queensland\nPowerhouse Museum\n", "Events": "Active as a professional photographer (1906 - 1913)", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/australian-women-photographers-1840-1960\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/ada-driver\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/the-ada-driver-studio\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/miss-ada-drivers-studio\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Agar, Bernice", "Entry ID": "AWE5972", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/agar-bernice\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Bowen, Queensland, Australia", "Death Place": "Edgecliff, New South Wales, Australia", "Occupations": "Photographer", "Summary": "Bernice Agar was a highly successful portrait photographer based in Sydney, whose work featured prominent Australian society figures. Agar was also an early fashion photographer. Widely published, her glamourous works were characterised by a strong preference for artificial light and crisp outlines. Her technique favoured strong frontal lighting. Few of her society portraits survive today.\n", "Details": "Bernice Agar was a highly successful portrait photographer of Australia's society figures and an early fashion photographer.\nAgar was born in Bowen, Queensland, in 1885, to William and Isobel Agar. She was the youngest daughter of the family. She trained at the Bain Photographic Studios in Toowoomba Queensland where she worked until 1918 as chief photographer. By 1917 she had made a name for herself, with people reportedly coming 'from all over Australia to be photographed by her.' The Darling Downs Gazette described her as being 'just a slip of a girl. She is a born artist, [whose work is] fascinating, not only is it artistic but she gets an absolute photograph. Her posing is uncommon and original' (1917).\nIn 1918, Agar moved to Sydney where she opened her own studio, the Bernice Agar Studio, situated in Denison House, George Street. She specialized in stylish portraits of leading artists and society women, such as Thea Proctor, and the opera singer Clara Butt. In line with methods adopted by women photographers in the UK she would invite society figures to pose for her, providing them with free prints and selling the images to magazines, a practice also adopted by the Australian portrait photographers May and Mina Moore.\nAgar's work was very popular during the 1920s and the success she enjoyed enabled her to employ a number of assistants including her sister Alice, who worked as a retoucher. Much of her work was published in the magazine Society, as well as Sydney Ure Smith's The Home magazine (1914-1926), and it was 'characterized by a strong preference for artificial light and crisp, clear outlines' (Australian Gallery Directors Council 10). The 1920s in Australia was a time when magazines such as The Home started to publish the names of its fashion photographers, a new development that undoubtedly contributed to Agar's success (Maynard 96-97).\nAgar's technique involved the use of strong frontal lighting and compositions where the face, and the shapes and lines of the accessories and clothing, were highlighted, resulting in photographs which Barbara Hall describes as being 'softly etched with shadows.' For Hall, 'the result was often a portrait that showed women as arrogant, smouldering, penetrating, cool, sylph-like, formidable or discerning' (Hall 62), while other commentators have said they 'exude glamour and style'(National Library of Australia, Beyond the Picket Fence). Agar herself was known to be a very private, fashion conscious woman who dressed beautifully. Her niece recalls that Agar herself was as glamorous as any of her photographs - an observation that is confirmed by her self-portrait.\nIn 1933 Agar, in a quiet ceremony, married James W. Hardie, a Sydney accountant. The society papers reported that she wore 'a frock of parchment satin covered with a velvet coat of the same shade with a lovely collar of sable, into which she had tucked a spray of orchids. Her small brown velvet hat matched her furs, and the \"tout ensemble\" was very charming indeed.' It was at this point in her life that she gave up her studio and work. The couple did not have any children.\nOnly 16 tinted head studies of her family prior to her magazine work exist today. In addition to these, there are a small number of surviving photoprints of the society women and fashion photographs that were reproduced in magazines.\nJack Cato, in The Story of the Camera in Australia, wrote that Bernice Agar 'for over a decade held first place for her beautiful portraits of society women. When she married and retired, the leading camera men of this country breathed a sigh of relief' (Cato 136).\nBernice Agar died in Edgecliff, Sydney in 1976.\nCollections\nCaroline Simpson Library & Research Collection, Historic Houses Trust\nFerguson Collection, National Library of Australia\nNational Gallery Australia - holds the Portrait of Bernice Agar\nNational Library of Australia holds the only known surviving 'society portrait' taken by Agar; it is the photograph of the opera singer Clara Butt\n", "Events": "Active as a professional studio photographer (1918 - 1929) \nBernice Agar exhibited her work at the Bain Photographic Studio (1917 - 1917) \nBernice Agar featured in the exhibition Australian Women Photographers 1840-1950 (1981 - 1981) \nBernice Agar featured in the exhibition Beyond the Picket Fence (1995 - 1995) \nBernice Agar featured in the exhibition The Reflecting Eye: Portraits of Australian Visual Artists (1996 - 1996)", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/a-first-for-women-photographers-in-australia-quick-thinking-and-ladders-got-the-top-shots\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/bernice-agar-is-responsible-for-these-charming-studies-of-children\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/bain-studio-exhibit\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/november-brides\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/australian-women-photographers-1840-1950\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/australian-women-photographers-1840-1960\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/beyond-the-picket-fence-australian-womens-art-in-the-national-librarys-collection\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/the-story-of-the-camera-in-australia\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/the-reflecting-eye-portraits-of-australian-visual-artists\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/bernice-agar\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/bernice-agar-2\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Coleman, Dorothy", "Entry ID": "AWE5995", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/coleman-dorothy\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Croydon, Queensland, Australia", "Death Place": "Everton Park, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Painter, Photographer", "Summary": "Known as D.C., Dorothy Coleman was a successful commercial photographer known for her photographs of society people in Brisbane. An innovative photographer, D.C. was highly sought after for the effects she could achieve in portraiture and dance photography. D.C.'s photography was published widely in newspapers and magazines of the time. She employed and trained a number of women photographers and colourists in her photographic studio.\n", "Details": "Dorothy Coleman (or D.C., as she was also known) was born on 9 January 1899 in Croydon, North Queensland. She was the eldest child of Owen Duffy, an American gold miner, and Henrietta, who had previously managed a hotel in Croydon. The family lived in Croydon where her father owned a crushing mill, but moved following the separation of her parents in 1908. Her mother went on to manage a number of hotels in Queensland and was able to purchase a guest house in South Brisbane in 1912.\nColeman was educated in Brisbane. She received tuition in painting by Mrs Muntz Adams and Oscar Fristrom. In 1915, at the age of 15, she began working as a retoucher at the Thomas Mathewson & Sons photographic studio at North Quay, Brisbane, where she became an 'expert retoucher' (Kerr 332).\nShe married John Coleman in 1920 and continued to work as a retoucher and colourist, working part-time from home until 1927, when her daughter went to boarding school. She lived in Ipswich for a period but moved back to Brisbane in 1926 and began working at the Regent Studios and then for Noel Maitland. During the period 1935-1938 she was able to purchase the Murray Goldwin Studio at Ascot Chambers, corner of Queen and Edward Streets.\nFor over 20 years D.C. was an eminently successful photographer of society people and society weddings, often travelling further afield for these events. She also photographed the annual debutantes and ballroom dances at the Blue Moon. Her clients were 'charmed when they visited the studio, which was always filled with bowls of roses' (Design and Art Australian Online).\nAs the demand for her work increased D.C. was able to employ about ten assistants (most of whom were women). These included the photographers Shirley Eutrope and Faye Turner, as well the colourists Flora Hosking, Hazel Yule and Yvonne Hoffman.\nD.C. developed her own techniques to enhance photographs, such as using mirrors and silhouettes to more effective capture the dances of the ballet students of Patricia Macdonald, Gwen Ricketts and the Milligan sisters. She used a Speed Grafelex camera to capture couples dancing 'at full spin,' which was unusual for the times.\nD.C. was also known for her child portraiture, which was very popular during the war years when such photographs were sent to fathers serving in the armed forces abroad. At the same time, the demand for armed service men to have their photographs taken was great. US soldiers and sailors were said to have queued for portraits to be taken to send home. D.C. was so innovative that '[s]he could remove a moustache from a soldier's portrait intended for his mother, or enhance an image from a war widow's faded snapshot' (Design and Art Australian Online).\nHer photographs were published in many magazines and newspapers at the time, including The Truth, The Courier-Mail, The Telegraph, The Australian Women's Weekly and Queensland Country Life, among others.\nD.C. participated in a number of exhibitions, submitting black and white photographs of the unemployed at the St. Vincent de Paul hostel in Margaret Street. She was also involved in the Twelfth Night Theatre Company, which she documented through her photographs.\nIn 1960, after the death of her husband, she sold her studio and moved to Everton Park, aged 61; here she pursued her love of painting. D.C. became a member of the Royal Queensland Art Society and in 1978 (aged 79) had her first solo exhibition at the Galloway Galleries, Bowen Hills, with another to follow in 1979. The subjects of her paintings were mainly landscapes and flower studies.\nD.C. died on 1 January 1984.\nTechnical\nDorothy Coleman used a Speed Grafelex camera to capture couples dancing 'at full spin' which was unusual for the times.\nCollections\nNational Library of Australia Manuscript collection: G.M. Mathews Collection of Portraits of Ornithologists\nState Library of Queensland\nUniversity of Queensland Library\n", "Events": "Dorothy Coleman's work featured in Queensland Image:Women's Visual Art of Yesterday and Today (1887-1995) (1995 - 1995) \nDorothy Coleman's work featured in the 4th Annual Exhibition of the Brisbane Art Group (1951 - 1951) \nSolo exhibition at the Galloway Galleries (1978 - 1978) \nSolo exhibition at the Galloway Galleries (1979 - 1979)", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/australasian-dancing-championship-comment-by-fudge\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/barrister-at-law\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/charming-bridal-study\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/dance-news-and-gossip\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/miniature-painting-is-hobby-of-dorothy-coleman\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/sensible\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/to-honeymoon-in-june\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/to-marry-in-townsville\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/two-art-shows\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/the-story-of-the-camera-in-australia\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/dorothy-coleman\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/a-complementary-caste-a-homage-to-women-artists-in-queensland-past-and-present-5-november-4-december-1988\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/we-remember-dorothy-coleman\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/dorothy-coleman-2\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/heritage-the-national-womens-art-book-500-works-by-500-australian-women-artists-from-colonial-times-to-1955\/", "Archival Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/biographical-cuttings-on-dorothy-coleman-artist-containing-one-or-more-cuttings-from-newspapers-or-journals\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/dorothy-coleman-australian-and-new-zealand-art-files\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/dorothy-coleman-deborah-macfarlane\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Lambton, Elsie", "Entry ID": "AWE6003", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/lambton-elsie\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Queensland, Australia", "Death Place": "Brisbane, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Photographer", "Summary": "Elsie Lambton is best known for her commercial work. Trained by Ada Driver, Lambton opened two photographic studios in Townsville during the Depression and WW2.\n", "Details": "Elsie Lambton was a talented musician and a photographer working in Queensland. She was trained by the photographer Ada Driver at the Ada Driver Studios in Brisbane. In 1921 Lambton opened her own studio after working for W. J. Laurie as an operator and artist, taking over a studio that had been run by Messrs Stacey and Stacey in the Municipal Buildings.\nShe opened her own studio, the Elsie Lambton Studio in Townsville in 1923, and advertised her talents in the Townsville Daily Bulletin, accentuating her specialisation in 'the very latest in portraiture,' with a particular focus on photographs of young girls.\nBy 1927 she opened another studio, The Townsville City Studio, in the New City Building, with the photographer Jack Biehl. Lambton promoted her work as 'artistic' and again emphasised her specialisation in portraiture.\nDuring the period 1921-1930 her studio was reported on in local newspapers Townsville Daily Bulletin and Cairns Post, which carried advertisements and notices that featured her studio and work.\nIt is not clear as to when she ceased her work as a professional photographer.\nCollections\nJeffrey Collection, City of Townsville Library\n", "Events": "Active as professional photographer (1920 - 1930)", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/australian-women-photographers-1840-1960\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/elsie-lambton-studio\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/little-ladies-elsie-lambton-studio\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/little-ladies\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/public-notice\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/students-recital\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Brims, Harriett Pettifore", "Entry ID": "AWE6006", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/brims-harriett-pettifore\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Yandilla or Toowoomba, Queensland, Australia", "Death Place": "Brisbane, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Photographer", "Summary": "Harriett Brims operated a number of successful photography studios in Queensland: the Britannia Studios in Ingham, c.1902-1903; as well as studios in Mareeba, Queensland, c.1903-1914.\n", "Details": "Harriett Brims was born Harriet Elliot in 1864, at either Yandilla or Toowoomba, Queensland. Her parents were Walter Elliott, and her mother was Ann Jane Elliot (n\u00e9e Faulks). They were early pioneers of the district and owned a station in the Barcoo district. Harriet attended the Blackall School.\nIn November 1881 Harriet married Donald Gray Brims in Blackall, Queensland. Brims was an engineer from Caithness, Scotland, who worked as a contractor and coach builder. They had five children over a period of eight years (1882-1890). Initially the couple moved to Townsville and then travelled north to Cardwell, where they were said to be 'the first white settlers in the Herbert River district' (The Telegraph 1939).\nBy 1894 they moved to Ingham and it is there that Harriett Brims began her photographic career. It is unclear what inspired her to take up photography, nor is it known where she trained. Harriett Brims set up her own photographic studio, the Britannia Studio, which operated for six years and appeared in the listings of the Pugh's Trade Directory in 1902. By c.1903 she had moved her business to Mareeba, where she operated a studio for ten years. She also worked at 'visiting studios' in other Queensland towns, including Chillagoe during 1904-1905, Irvinebank as well as Watsonville, both located near Herberton in 1907.\nShe worked as a professional photographer for 16 years, becoming quite skilled and well known for her work. Brims was highly regarded for the time and care she put into producing her photographs: 'many interesting accounts of the labour involved [in] producing photographic plates, [and] devising schemes of processing, etc [sic] give ample evidence of her skill' (The Telegraph 1938). Her husband, who was also a keen operator, made the dry-plate cameras she used out of maple wood, the carrying cases out of cow hide and the camera shutters out of sheet brass that he salvaged from discarded opium tins.\nBrims documented the reality of everyday life in these Queensland towns, capturing early forms of transportation (airplanes and bullock teams), the copper smelters of Chillagoe, local events such as the aftermath of a cyclone, the activities of Melanesian labourers (who both worked and lived in the North Queensland cane fields), social gatherings, local landmarks, as well as some portraiture.\nWhile in Mareeba she was a judge at the Mareeba District Mining, Pastoral, Agricultural and Industrial Association exhibitions, judging the photographic entries.\nHer photographs were featured in the North Queensland Herald (1907) and the Australasian Photographic Review (1902), the latter in which she was described as 'the first lady photographer who ever dared, single handed, to face the \"stronger sex\" in fair and open competition.'\nBy 1914 the family moved to Brisbane, at which stage she gave up her work as a professional photographer, instead focussing her time on photographing her family, friends and her local neighbourhood.\nHarriett Brims died in Brisbane on 25 October 1939, aged 75.\nTechnical\nHer husband, who was also a keen operator, made the dry-plate cameras that she used out of maple wood, the carrying cases out of cow hide and the camera shutters out of sheet brass that he salvaged from discarded opium tins.\nCollections\nJohn Oxley Library, State Library of Queensland\n", "Events": "Harriett Brims' work featured in Queensland Women Artists pre-1950s (1995 - 1995)", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/a-complementary-caste-a-homage-to-women-artists-in-queensland-past-and-present-5-november-4-december-1988-the-centre-gallery-bundall-road-surfers-paradise\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/heritage-the-national-womens-art-book-500-works-by-500-australian-women-artists-from-colonial-times-to-1955\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/harriett-pettifore-brims\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/archived-feature-collection-harriett-brims\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/late-mrs-harriett-brims\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/obituary-mrs-harriett-brims\/", "Archival Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/31054-harriett-brims-collection-1890-1930\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/m-1038-brims-family-correspondence-1907-1909\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Neale, Leah", "Entry ID": "AWE6050", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/neale-leah\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Ipswich, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Commonwealth or Empire Games Gold Medalist, Olympian, Swimmer", "Summary": "Leah Neale made her Olympic debut in Rio, winning a silver medal in the 4x200m freestyle relay.\n", "Events": "Swimming - 4 x 200m Freestyle Relay (2016 - 2016) \nSwimming - 4 x 200m Freestyle Relay (2018 - 2018)" }, { "Title\/Name": "Scott, Evelyn Ruth", "Entry ID": "AWE6108", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/scott-evelyn-ruth\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Ingham, Queensland, Australia", "Death Place": "Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Aboriginal rights activist, Educator, Social justice advocate", "Summary": "Dr Evelyn Ruth Scott was an indigenous rights activist and social justice campaigner who played a pivotal role in the reconciliation process in Australia. She was a key figure in the 'yes' campaign of the 1967 referendum whereby 90 per cent of Australian voters chose 'Yes' to count Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people in the census, and give the Australian Government the power to make laws for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people.\n", "Details": "Evelyn Scott began working in the Townsville Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Advancement League in the 1960s after experiencing discrimination in employment, housing and health.\nIn 1971, she joined the Indigenous-controlled Federal Council for the Advancement of Aboriginals and Torres Strait Islanders (FCAATSI) as vice-president and she became the first general-secretary in 1973. Through her role at FCAATSI and as Chair of Cairns and District Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Corporation for Women, Evelyn was pivotal in improving access to legal, housing, employment and medical services for communities. From 1997 to 2000, she became the chair for the National Council for Aboriginal Reconciliation.\nAs a passionate campaigner for the Great Barrier Reef, Evelyn served as a Marine Park Authority board member during the 1980s. She believed in the need for stronger Indigenous voices in issues regarding the land and sea.\nEvelyn was awarded honorary doctorates from James Cook University (2001) and the Australian Catholic University (2000). In 1977 Evelyn received the Queen's Jubilee Medal for her contribution to the advancement of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people and in 2001 she was awarded an Officer in the General Division of the Order of Australia. Evelyn was also the recipient of the Queensland Greats Award for her contribution to the history and development of the state in 2003.\nA monument in Parkes, ACT, commemorates Dr Evelyn Scott and recognizes her contribution to reconciliation in Australia. The monument also honours the work of Dr Faith Bandler and Lady Jessie Street.\n", "Archival Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/biographical-cuttings-on-evelyn-scott-leader-of-the-aboriginal-reconciliation-council-containing-one-or-more-cuttings-from-newspapers-or-journals\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/portrait-of-dr-evelyn-scott-at-corroboree-2000-picture-loui-seselja\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/evelyn-scott-interviewed-by-peter-read-and-jackie-huggins-sound-recording\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/victor-vincent-julama-son-of-vincent-lingiari-james-haire-head-of-the-national-council-of-churches-and-evelyn-scott-are-seated-among-the-guest-speakers-at-the-reconciliation-place-opening-ceremony\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/hazel-hawke-and-evelyn-scott-heart-on-sleeve-launch-tranby-house-november-1998\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/personalities-aboriginal-and-torres-strait-islander-evelyn-scott-field-officer-department-of-aboriginal-affairs-1974\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/personalities-aboriginal-and-torres-strait-islander-evelyn-scott-field-officer-department-of-aboriginal-affairs-1974-2\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/personalities-aboriginal-and-torres-strait-islander-evelyn-scott-field-officer-department-of-aboriginal-affairs-1974-3\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/personalities-aboriginal-and-torres-strait-islander-evelyn-scott-field-officer-department-of-aboriginal-affairs-1974-4\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/personalities-aboriginal-and-torres-strait-islander-evelyn-scott-field-officer-department-of-aboriginal-affairs-1974-5\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/john-anderson-bob-carr-sir-gordon-samuels-evelyn-scott-sir-william-deane-john-howard-sir-gustav-nossal-kim-beazley-and-meg-lees-members-of-the-council-for-aboriginal-reconciliation-at-corrobor\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/photographs-from-the-aboriginal-and-torres-strait-islander-advancement-league-conference-in-cairns-1962-and-indigent-ration-day-1954\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/collection-of-posters-on-aboriginal-and-torres-strait-islanders-set-1\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/opening-of-a-memorial-to-the-stolen-generations\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/fcaatsi-oral-history-project\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "McMaster, Rhyll", "Entry ID": "AWE6132", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/mcmaster-rhyll\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Brisbane, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Author, Poet, Writer", "Summary": "Rhyll McMaster began writing poetry at an early age, with several poems published in the Bulletin whilst still in high school.\nAfter moving to Hobart in 1967, Rhyll worked in the editorial office of the journal Australian Literary Studies, which was then based at the University of Tasmania.\nAfter returning to Brisbane in c.1969, then moving to a rural area near Canberra, Rhyll settled in the Southern Highlands of New South Wales where she began writing full time.\nRhyll's first collection, The Brineshrimp was published in 1972 and has since published a further six collections, including Washing the Money: Poems with Photographs, joint winner of the C. J. Dennis prize and winner of the Grace Leven Prize in 1986, and Flying the Coop: New and Selected Poems 1972-1994, joint winner of the Grace Leven Prize for 1995. Rhyll published her acclaimed debut novelFeather Man in 2007, winning the inaugural Barbara Jefferis Award.\n", "Archival Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/papers-of-rhyll-mcmaster-1960-1987-manuscript\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Cameron, Alexandra Esther", "Entry ID": "AWE6134", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/cameron-alexandra-esther\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Allora, Queensland, Australia", "Death Place": "Australia", "Occupations": "Lecturer, Music inspector, Music teacher, Musician", "Summary": "Alexandra Cameron was a music teacher, music educator, administrator and founder of a number of music performance programs in Victoria. As the first Inspector of Music in Victoria and through her publications, she influenced and shaped Victorian music education in the second half of the twentieth century.\n", "Details": "Alexandra Cameron was born on 8 February 1910 in Allora Queensland, the eldest of two daughters of Mary Cluitt and her husband John Kenneth Cameron, a policeman.\nThe family moved to the nearby town of Warwick where her father was promoted to a Sergeant and in 1922 Alexandra was sent to Southport to attend St Hilda's Church of England Grammar School.\nCameron was a product of both examination and academic music training. Although she had no formal musical training prior to attending school, by the age of sixteen she had completed her ATCL (Associate Diploma from Trinity College, London), and the following year had passed the LTCL (the Licentiate of Trinity College London), the qualification which enabled her to teach music. After an initial career as a music teacher at Faith's Church of England Grammar School, in Yeppoon, she turned her attention to academic music training (Brisbane Courier, 9 February 1929, p.25). She enrolled in Adelaide's Elder Conservatorium of Music to undertake a bachelor's in music performance, whilst teaching at Woodland's Church of England School.\nWith the outbreak of war, she enlisted in the Voluntary Aid Detachment, joining the AIF, where she was posted first to Alice Springs, followed by Katherine and Berrimah in the Northern Territory. A tiny woman, in order to see over the steering wheel, she required a box on her seat (Dumont). With the cessation of hostilities, she was seconded for a time as a rehabilitation officer for the returning troops based both in Lae, New Guinea and in Melbourne. Returning to University on a war service scheme, she supported herself through teaching at private schools, while she enrolled in the Faculty of Music at the University of Melbourne, completing her degree, before undertaking Post Graduate studies with Harold Craxton at the Royal Academy of Music in London (Comte). She was awarded a Diploma of Education in 1953, after which she travelled to Europe to observe music education practices. Returning to Australia she taught in a number of Melbourne high schools. In 1956 she resumed her studies at the University of Melbourne undertaking a Bachelor of Education, whilst lecturing in the Faculty of Education.\nBalancing classroom teaching with academia, she remained a part-time lecturer in music method at the University of Melbourne in 1963-1964, and in 1965-1966 she taught Choral classes at the Conservatorium. Throughout her working life she was also involved with a number of professional associations, including:\n\nthe Victorian School Music Association (1954-1964),\nthe Victorian Music Teachers Association (1963-1967),\nthe music representative to the Victorian Universities and Schools Examination Board 1965-,\nChairperson of the Music Advisory Committee for Secondary Schools 1966-,\nChairperson of the Secondary Schools Concert and Music Library Committee 1967-,\nCommittee Member of the Australian Society for Music Educators (Victorian Chapter) 1968.\n\nReturning to the University of Melbourne, in 1970 she completed a master's degree in education, wining the Harold Cohen Graduate Prize for Research. This passion for music education led to Alexandra Cameron writing and publishing on both the theoretical and practical applications of music in Music Appreciation for Australian Schools (1958), and Singing Together (1965) and The class teaching of music in secondary schools, Victoria, 1905-1955: an investigation into the major influences affecting the development of music as a class subject in Victorian secondary schools (1969).\nHer appointment as Inspector of Music in 1966 allowed her to initiate several innovations she had developed through her career and observed in her travels. Particularly important was the teaching of orchestral instruments. In an effort to improve music literacy, in 1967 the State Government introduced free instrumental tuition into government schools throughout Victoria. A number of Victorian schools, including University High and Blackburn High, were selected to develop significant music education programs, a program which was expanded by her successor Bruce Worland to include Melbourne High and MacRoberston's Girls High School amongst others. Cameron was also a driving force in the establishment of the Victorian String Music Library, seconding its inaugural librarian Margaret McCarthy to the role.\nSupported by teachers, who at first Cameron convinced to volunteer their time, talented music students were encouraged and supported in developing their musical abilities through extra tuition and performance experience, initially at a program she established on Saturdays at University High School. Subsequently Cameron convinced the Education Department to pay her and the teachers as Emergency Teachers, an arrangement which continued until 1979. This resulted in the founding of the Secondary School Concert Committee and the Secondary Schools Orchestra in 1970, eventually becoming known as the Melbourne Youth Orchestra in 1971. This group of talented students rehearsed and performed across Victoria, as well as participating in international tours to England, Japan, Germany, Austria, Italy and France. These tours not only provided performing opportunities for the students but included opportunities for them to attend concerts by a range of international performers and orchestras, exposing the students to some of the most influential musicians and orchestras of their day. The tours also included music workshops with international orchestras and musicians. The impetus, organisation and at times funds for these ventures, came from the enormous strength and belief in social justice of Alexandra Cameron (Dumont).\nWith Bruce Worland as conductor of the Orchestra, the group developed thirteen ensembles, including in 1972 the Melbourne Holiday Music Camp and throughout the 1970s the Melbourne Youth Orchestra, the Percy Grainger Strings, the Melbourne Youth Symphonic Band. The Melbourne Youth Choir, the Margaret Sutherland Strings, the John Antill Band and the Junior String School, engaging up to 600 music students (Comte, Worland).\nAlthough Alexandra Cameron 'retired' at 60, she continued to teach and act as honorary administrator of the Saturday Music School and Orchestra, later forming the Chamber Strings of Melbourne (Comte, Worland). Publishing several books on music education as well as a song book in the 1950s and 1960s, her final book A Story Culled from Happy Memories: Thirty Years of Music Making: May 1980-May 2010: the Chamber Strings of Melbourne, was published when she was over 100. In 1979, Alexandra Cameron was awarded an MBE for her service to music education and administration, and in 1996 she was awarded RMIT's first Doctorate of Education Honoris Causa.\nFor her 100th birthday, Alexandra Cameron arranged a concert at the Melbourne Town Hall to celebrate the Chamber Strings 30th anniversary and her final retirement. She left a bequest to the University of Melbourne to establish a scholarship for string or music education students to pursue further studies.\n", "Events": "Appointed a Member of the Order of the British Empire for services to music (1979 - 1979)" }, { "Title\/Name": "Gotto, Ainsley", "Entry ID": "AWE6170", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/gotto-ainsley\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Brisbane, Queensland, Australia", "Death Place": "Woollahra, SydneyWoollahra, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia", "Occupations": "Businesswoman, Interior designer, Public servant, Secretary, Stenographer", "Details": "Ainsley Gotto completed a stenography course at Canberra Technical College in 1961. In 1968 she as appointed principal private secretary to then Prime Minister John Gorton. She remained working for Gorton until 1972, when she took up a position at Drake International. She remained with the company until 1978. After this time Gotto worked in television in addition to various other business ventures, including an interior design consultancy and her own company, Ainsley Gotto International. For a time, Ainsley was the national president of the Australian chapter of Women Chiefs of Enterprises International.\n", "Archival Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/papers-of-ainsley-gotto-circa-1940-2013-manuscript\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/ainsley-gotto-interviewed-by-jenny-clameister-peter-barlow-and-bob-cribb-in-the-john-gorton-collection\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/biographical-cuttings-on-ainsley-gotto-containing-one-or-more-cuttings-from-newspapers-or-journals\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/papers-of-cyril-and-paddy-pearl-1853-2009-manuscript\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Fullerton, Janice (Jan) Lillian", "Entry ID": "AWE6212", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/fullerton-janice-jan-lillian\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Librarian", "Summary": "Jan Fullerton was the Director General of the National Library of Australia (NLA) from 9 August 1999 until June 2010. She was the first woman to hold this position and had been part of the NLA since she began working in the film department in March 1967.\nUnder Jan's leadership, the NLA collection became much more accessible to students, researchers and the general public. Both the Picture Australia website and the digitisation of Australian newspapers occurred during her time as Director General.\nIn 2005 Jan Fullerton was awarded an AO 'for service to librarianship through the facilitation of wider community access to the collections of the National Library of Australia, the preservation of cultural heritage in digital forms, and collaboration with other collecting agencies nationally and internationally'. Jan was also made an Honorary Fellow of the Australian Academy of Humanities in 2006, awarded the HCL Anderson Award in March 2010 and a Doctor of Letters honoris causa by the University of Queensland in December 2010.\n", "Archival Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/papers-of-jan-fullerton-1984-2010-manuscript\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/jan-fullerton-interviewed-by-jan-lyall\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/jan-fullerton-interviewed-by-bill-oakes-sound-recording\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/ferguson-room-launch-at-the-national-library-of-australia-sound-recording-speakers-jan-fullerton-pauline-fanning-and-alec-ferguson\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Harwood, Gwendoline (Gwen) Nessie", "Entry ID": "AWE6245", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/harwood-gwendoline-gwen-nessie\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Brisbane, Queensland, Australia", "Death Place": "HobartHobart, Tasmania, Australia", "Occupations": "Poet", "Details": "Gwendoline Nessie Foster was educated at Toowong State School and Brisbane Girls' Grammar School. After school, Gwen studied piano and composition and gained a music teachers diploma. She was also the organist at All Saints Church, Brisbane. Gwen taught for a brief period before obtaining a position as a typist in the War Damage Commission in 1942.\nAfter Gwen's marriage to linguist William Harwood in 1945, the pair moved to Tasmania, where Gwen taught music, worked as medical secretary and raised a family.\nFrom the 1960s, Gwen's poetry and writing frequently appeared in Australian literary journals, and her first poetry volume was published in 1963. In 1973 Gwen received a Literature Board Grant, which enabled her to devote much more of her time to writing.\nIn addition to poetry, Gwen has also written libretti and choral works, some still unpublished. A number of her poems have also been set to music. Altogether, Gwen has published approximately 430 works, some of which have been published under pseudonyms.\nGwen served as president of both the Tasmanian Branch of the Fellowship of Australian Writers and the Lady Hamilton Literary Society. She was the recipient of numerous awards, including the Victorian Premiers Award (1989) and the 1990 Age Book of the Year Award. Gwen also received honorary doctorates from La Trobe University, the University of Tasmania and the University of Queensland.\nIn 1989 Gwen was appointed an Officer of the Order of Australia (AO) 'for service to literature, particularly as a poet and librettist'. She was also inducted into the inaugural Tasmanian Honour Roll of Women in 1995.\nThe Gwen Harwood Poetry Prize was established in 1996.\n", "Events": "Cholmondeley Award (1994 - 1994) \nFestival Awards for Literature (SA) - John Bray Award for Poetry (1990 - 1990) \nGrace Leven Poetry Prize (1975 - 1975) \nMeanjin Poetry Prize (1959 - 1959) \nMeanjin Poetry Prize (1960 - 1960) \nPatrick White Award (1978 - 1978) \nRobert Frost Medallion (1977 - 1977) \nThe Age Book of the Year Award - Non-Fiction Prize (1990 - 1990) \nVictorian Premier's Literary Awards - The C. J. Dennis Prize for Poetry (1989 - 1989)", "Archival Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/papers-of-gwen-harwood-1889-1982-manuscript\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/gwen-harwood-interviewed-by-suzanne-walker-sound-recording\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/gwen-harwood-interviewed-by-diana-ritch-sound-recording\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/gwen-harwood-interviewed-by-alison-hoddinott-sound-recording\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/gwen-harwood-recites-poetry-in-the-hazel-de-berg-collection-sound-recording\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/gwen-harwood-reads-her-poetry-for-the-australia-council-sound-recording-recorded-by-roger-macdonald\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/biographical-cuttings-on-gwen-harwood-containing-one-or-more-cuttings-from-newspapers-or-journals\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/minutes-copies-of-papers-scrapbook-attendance-lists-and-associated-records\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/gwen-harwood-and-ann-jennings-manuscript-collection\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/correspondence-1954-1960-manuscript\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/gwen-harwood-papers-collected-by-tony-riddell\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/father-alan-farrell-correspondence\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/helen-mills-papers\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/alison-hoddinott-papers\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/gregory-kratzmann-papers\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/letter-1968-jan-11-south-perth-western-australia-to-gwen-harwood\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/gwen-harwood-papers\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/letter-29-apr-1986-to-revd-a-p-b-bennie\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/letters-from-gwen-harwood-1976-1991-manuscript\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/papers-of-cassandra-pybus-1956-2008-manuscript\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/literary-papers-1969-1981-manuscript\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Toomey, Tia-Clair", "Entry ID": "AWE6290", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/toomey-tia-clair\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Nambour, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Commonwealth or Empire Games Gold Medalist, Weightlifter", "Summary": "Tia-Clair Toomey won a gold medal in the 58kg Weightlifting event at the 2018 Gold Coast Commonwealth Games. She was appointed a Member of the Order of Australia (AM) in June 2025 for significant service to crossfit and weightlifting.\n", "Events": "Weightlifting - 58kg (2018 - 2018)" }, { "Title\/Name": "Sheehan, Georgia", "Entry ID": "AWE6305", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/sheehan-georgia\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Everton Park, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Commonwealth or Empire Games Gold Medalist, Diver", "Summary": "Georgia Sheehan won a gold medal in the Synchronised 3m Springboard at the 2018 Gold Coast Commonwealth Games.\n", "Events": "Diving - Synchronised 3m Springboard (with Esther Qi) (2018 - 2018)" }, { "Title\/Name": "Jack, Shayna", "Entry ID": "AWE6312", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/jack-shayna\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Sunnybank, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Commonwealth or Empire Games Gold Medalist, Swimmer", "Summary": "Shayna Jack won a gold medal in the 4 x 100m Freestyle Relay at the 2018 Gold Coast Commonwealth Games.\n", "Events": "Swimming - 4 x 100m Freestyle Relay (2018 - 2018)" }, { "Title\/Name": "Bohl, Georgia", "Entry ID": "AWE6313", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/bohl-georgia\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Auchenflower, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Commonwealth or Empire Games Gold Medalist, Swimmer", "Summary": "Georgia Bohl won a gold medal in the 4 x 100m Medley Relay at the 2018 Gold Coast Commonwealth Games.\n", "Events": "Swimming - 4 x 100m Medley Relay (2018 - 2018)" }, { "Title\/Name": "Gentle, Ashleigh", "Entry ID": "AWE6316", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/gentle-ashleigh\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "South Brisbane, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Commonwealth or Empire Games Gold Medalist, Triathlete", "Summary": "Ashleigh Gentle won a gold medal in the Mixed Team Relay Triathlon at the 2018 Gold Coast Commonwealth Games.\n", "Events": "Triathlon - Member of the Mixed Team Relay (2018 - 2018)" }, { "Title\/Name": "Hinchliffe, Meredith", "Entry ID": "AWE6324", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/hinchliffe-meredith\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Warwick, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Arts administrator, Valuer", "Summary": "Meredith Hinchliffe has been involved with the arts in Canberra since 1977 when she joined the Crafts Council of the ACT as its Executive Secretary and then Director. She went on to work in organisations such as the National Campaign for the Arts, Museums Australia, ArtsACT, and the Donald Horne Institute for Cultural Heritage at UC, and has also worked as a freelance arts consultant and exhibitions curator since 1997. Meredith is a specialist on crafts including ceramics, textiles and furniture, and is an approved valuer under the Commonwealth Government's Cultural Gifts Program. She has written about the arts for numerous arts journals and regularly contributed reviews of crafts and visual arts exhibitions and books to The Canberra Times from 1978 to 2009. Meredith has been a long-time advocate and lobbyist for the arts, and is a significant patron of and donor to arts organisations, especially the Canberra Museum and Gallery. In 2022 she was appointed a Member of the Order of Australia (AM) in recognition of her significant service to the arts.\nMeredith Hinchliffe\u00a0was inscribed on the ACT Women's Honour Roll in 2000.\n", "Details": "Meredith Hinchliffe was born in Warwick, Queensland to Captain Leslie Maxwell (Max) Hinchliffe (1916-2003) and Marjorie Moffat Hinchliffe (1920-1998) n\u00e9e Smyth. She was educated in Australia and America, finally at Canberra Church of England Girls' Grammar School, and the University of Canberra (then CAE, 1977).\nMeredith joined the Crafts Council of the ACT in 1977, and worked as its Executive Secretary and Director till 1986. In that time she curated many exhibitions of individual artists and groups across the media of ceramics, wood, textiles, leather, metalwork and, to a lesser extent, glass. She also showed at Craft ACT a number of touring exhibitions - e.g. an exhibition of Molas from the San Blas Islands of Panama. She went on to work at the Australian Bicentennial Authority (ACT and Island Territories), ArtsACT and Business Development in the ACT Government, managing grant programs. She served as the full-time Executive Director of the National Campaign for the Arts Australia Ltd in July 1996, and assisted with the successful campaign for ArtBank to be retained as a government entity. She built up a strong network of media contacts during this time, but lack of funding led to the Campaign being wound up in August 1997.\nIn 2000 Meredith took on a project management position at the Australian Science Teachers Association and was then appointed Executive Officer of Museums Australia, the national professional association for museum workers and museums, in July 2002. She worked as Public Arts Project Officer for ArtsACT and has managed several public art installation projects. From July 2008 to April 2009 she was the inaugural Executive Officer of the Donald Horne Institute for Cultural Heritage at the University of Canberra. From 1997 to 1999 Meredith worked as a freelance arts consultant, a role she has renewed at various times in the years since. Notable examples include curating the Survey exhibition of the Tamworth Fibre Textile Collection in 2010. In 2013, having catalogued the extensive holdings of furniture designed by Frederick Ward for University House at the Australian National University, she curated an exhibition of his exceptional mid-century pieces at the Gallery of Australian Design (Canberra). Most recently, as a Research Associate at the National Museum of Australia Meredith has been involved in working on the Trevor Kennedy Collection recently acquired by the Museum.\nMeredith is approved to value Australian ceramics, glass, textiles, jewellery, leatherwork, wooden objects and furniture from 1950 for the Australian Government's Cultural Gifts Program. She has written prolifically about the decorative arts since the late 1970s, including as a regular contributor to The Canberra Times from 1978 to 2009, writing review articles of crafts and visual arts exhibitions and books, and continues to contribute reviews to the Canberra City News.\u00a0 She has written many articles about issues of importance to the arts for a number of journals, including the National Library News, Smarts, Pottery in Australia (now the Journal of Australian Ceramics), Ceramic Art and Perception, Craft Arts International, Textile Fibre Forum, Object, Craft Australia, and the Italian magazine Studio Vetro. Meredith has long lobbied for, and donated to enterprises across the arts spectrum. She was a leading advocate in the movement to establish the Australian National Capital Artists Inc (ANCA) as an independent, not-for-profit, artist-run initiative. It was created in 1989 as a collaboration between the ACT Government and representatives of Canberra's visual arts community, leasing 35 affordable and professional studio and exhibition spaces to artists. With support from ArtsACT, the ANCA Gallery opened in 1992, presenting a program of art exhibitions and events and supporting critical approaches to contemporary arts practice. Meredith was a founding board member of ANCA in 1992 and a guest curator in 2013. She is a board member of The Childers Group, which was created in 2011 as an independent arts forum in the Canberra region, advocating support for the arts to governments at all levels, and engaging with the private sector, educators, the media and the broader community about the value of the arts.\nAfter inheriting a substantial legacy from her father, Meredith decided to make good use of it by donating to the decorative arts collections of public galleries. In addition to regular donations to the National Gallery of Australia and the National Museum of Australia, in 2004 she started giving a significant sum annually to the Canberra Museum and Gallery for purchase of artworks by Canberra region artists, with a focus mostly on decorative arts. In 2019 the Gallery reciprocated by presenting an exhibition of pieces from the Meredith Hinchliffe Fund. She says: 'Although I'm not wealthy, people like me can still make a difference\u2026. I just believe in giving money to things that are really important, to support artists; I know how tough it is for them.'\nMeredith Hinchliffe has also been a long-time volunteer and board member in a number of national and ACT arts bodies since the 1980s, including the National Gallery of Australia, the Friends of the National Museum of Australia, the Friends of the National Library of Australia, and the ACT branch of the Australian Decorative and Fine Arts Society. She was a board member of Ausdance ACT and chaired its board from 2009-12. In the ACT, Meredith's contributions to the arts were recognised in 2000 with an ACT Women's Award. In 2011 she received an Australia Day Medal from National Gallery of Australia and in 2022 she was appointed a Member of the Order of Australia for 'significant service to the arts through a range of roles and organisations'.\n", "Events": "ACT Women's Awards (2000 - 2000)", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/online-lecture-2-fred-ward-pioneer-australian-designer-his-life-and-work-in-furniture-design-the-australiana-fund\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/canberra-museum-and-gallery\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/the-art-of-giving-acquisitions-from-the-meredith-hinchliffe-fund\/", "Archival Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/meredith-hinchliffe-collection-no-1\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/papers-of-meredith-hinchliffe-1957-1981-manuscript\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/papers-of-meredith-hinchliffe\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Sweetser, Marceine", "Entry ID": "AWE6339", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/sweetser-marceine\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Brisbane, Queensland, Australia", "Death Place": "Lewisburg, Pennsylvania, United States of America", "Occupations": "Author, Playwright, Poet", "Summary": "Marceine la Dickfos was born in Brisbane in 1921. In 1942 she married Lt. Wesley D. Sweetser of the U.S. Army Air Corps and three years later Marceine and their son sailed to America to join Wesley.\nMarceine received a Bachelor of Fine Arts degree in theatre and drama at the University of Nebraska, Lincoln, and after being offered a Woodrow Wilson Fellowship in 1966, she completed a Master of Arts degree.\nThe following year Marceine began studying at Cornell University after receiving an Arts and Humanities Fellowship. Whilst at Cornell, Marceine acted, directed and won awards for poetry, play production and play-writing.\nOn completion of her studies, Marceine and her husband spent a year in England before settling down in Oswego, New York.\n" }, { "Title\/Name": "Harding, Eleanor", "Entry ID": "AWE6383", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/harding-eleanor\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Erub Island, Torres Strait, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Aboriginal rights activist", "Summary": "Aunty Eleanor Harding was a passionate advocate for the rights of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people, particularly in the areas of education and women's issues.\n" }, { "Title\/Name": "Snell, Kerry", "Entry ID": "AWE6440", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/snell-kerry\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Brisbane, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Feminist, Leader", "Summary": "Kerry Snell is a campaigner for equitable access to mainstream services and ensuring that people with disability are well represented through diverse leadership.\nRead an interview with Kerry Snell in the online exhibition Redefining Leadership.\n", "Details": "Born in Brisbane, when Kerry was young she experienced frequent extended hospital visits. Through this exposure Kerry became aware of the importance of good governance for institutions to ensure that people accessing them are treated respectfully and with dignity. As her eyesight began to degenerate she devised a myriad of workarounds that disguised her vision loss. This made Kerry adept at problem solving, and finding adaptations and solutions to the challenges vision loss presents.\nKerry trained and worked as a teacher and went on to use these teaching skills as a consumer advocate. Holding governments and institutions to account for their policies and prejudices is an important facet of her community involvement. As an advocate for diversity in government and the community, Kerry is also wary of tokenism.\nA clear commitment to equity and social justice naturally made Kerry a feminist too. Women with disability suffer higher rates of disadvantage and stigmatisation.\n" }, { "Title\/Name": "Briscoe, Penelope Anne", "Entry ID": "AWE6473", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/briscoe-penelope-anne\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Anaesthetist, Medical practitioner", "Details": "Penelope Anne Briscoe was born in Queensland in 1952. Following her father's death in 1958, her mother relocated to Adelaide to be closer to family.\nPenny completed her secondary schooling in Adelaide, at Woodlands Church of England Grammar School and attended the University of Adelaide, graduating MBBS in 1976.\nIn 1982 she achieved Fellowship of the Faculty of Anaesthetists of the Royal Australasian College of Surgeons (FFARACS).\nHer career in pain medicine began in 1984 and she was a Foundation Fellow of the Faculty of Pain Medicine (FPM) of the Australian and New Zealand College of Anaesthetists (FFPMANZCA). In 2008 she became the first woman elected Dean of FPM.\n" }, { "Title\/Name": "Roberts, Lindy Jane", "Entry ID": "AWE6475", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/roberts-lindy-jane\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Toowoomba, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Anaesthetist, Medical practitioner", "Details": "Lindy Roberts is a dual qualified specialist anaesthetist and specialist pain medicine physician.\nLindy was elected president in 2012. During her term as president she encouraged the understanding of concerns voiced by both Fellows and trainees, and attempted to provide answers to their questions. This quality saw her strengthen and clarify the relationship between ANZCA and the Board of the Faculty of Pain Medicine.\nLindy was also involved with curriculum and policy development as an ANZCA assessor and as chair of the ANZCA Education and Training Committee.\nOutside of her medical practice, Lindy has a particular interest in classic Hollywood and film noir. She also plays the clarinet for a number of concert bands and orchestras.\n", "Events": "Member of the Order of Australia (AM): For significant service to medicine, and to professional organisations. (2019 - 2019)" }, { "Title\/Name": "Willis, Benita", "Entry ID": "AWE6562", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/willis-benita\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Mackay, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Commonwealth or Empire Games Gold Medalist, Track and Field Athlete", "Summary": "Benita Willis is a long-distance runner who has represented Australia at the Commonwealth games twice and at the Olympics four times. In 2004, Benita won gold in the long race at the IAAF World Cross Country Championships in Brussels.\n" }, { "Title\/Name": "Chilly, Sue", "Entry ID": "AWE6629", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/chilly-sue\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Nambour, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Aboriginal rights activist", "Summary": "Sue Chilly is a staunch member of the Aboriginal rights movement, progressing reform both as an activist of groups such as the Australian Black Panthers, and as a field officer of the Department of Aboriginal and Island Affairs.\n", "Details": "Please note; this entry draws substantially upon an ASIO dossier on Sue Chilly. We understand that these files often say more about the notetaker than the subject.\nSue Chilly was born in the country town of Nambour and moved to Brisbane at a young age to find work. She soon became involved in the Brisbane chapter of the Australian Black Panther Party, where she served as the Minister for Information. Within this activist group, she helped provide free medical, legal and childcare services for Indigenous Australians, and also travelled to several cities to speak at conferences on racism and inequality. She additionally participated in a protest which briefly established an Aboriginal embassy in King George Square, Brisbane.\nChilly held a number of various positions in many political groups. In 1974, she was the President of the Black Community Housing Service and the Secretary of the Queensland Committee Against the Act. She was also appointed to assist in conducting an Aboriginal education scholarship scheme and was employed by the Department of Aboriginal and Island Affairs as a field officer. The next year, she was elected the State Secretary of the Federal Council for the Advancement of Aborigines and Torres Strait Islanders.\nIn 1976, Chilly was a member of the Australian delegation to attend the International Tribunal of Crimes Against Women, held in Brussels. She was sponsored in this opportunity by the Australian Union of Students. At the conference, Chilly presented two papers describing how, 'By colonialism, racism and sexism, Aboriginal women's status [have] been reduced to the lowest level in the hierarchy of Australian society' ('Crimes Against Women', Les Femmes, 1976, p. 67). Chilly was dissatisfied with the scope of issues discussed at the conference, feeling the event to be dominated by a western European viewpoint. This sentiment would remain a common theme throughout Chilly's career as a feminist and Aboriginal rights activist, as she experienced how the lack of intersectional values of Australia's second-wave feminism and the women's liberation movement would continually serve to exclude and sideline Aboriginal women.\n", "Archival Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/chilly-sue-2\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/chilly-iris-suzanne-colleen-aka-chilly-aka-chile-sue-volume-1\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/chilly-iris-suzanne-colleen-aka-chilly-aka-chile-sue-volume-2\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/the-black-panther-party-of-australia-volume-1\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/the-black-panther-party-of-australia-volume-2\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/cummins-marlene-2\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/biographical-cuttings-on-sue-chilly-delivered-a-paper-at-the-international-tribunal-on-crimes-against-women-containing-one-or-more-cuttings-from-newspapers-or-journals\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/australian-black-panthers-poster-2014-0233\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Cummins, Marlene", "Entry ID": "AWE6630", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/cummins-marlene\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Cunnamulla, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Aboriginal rights activist, Activist, Musician, Radio presenter", "Summary": "Marlene Cummins is one of Australia's foremost blues musicians, a lifelong Aboriginal rights activist and the subject of Rachel Perkin's 2014 documentary Black Panther Woman .\n", "Details": "Marlene Cummins was born in the Queensland town of Cunnamulla, to Guguyelandji heritage on her father's side and Woppaburra on her Mother's.\nAt 17 Cummins had made her way to Brisbane and joined the Australian Black Panther Party, the first chapter in the country. The party's 'Ten-Point Platform Program' led to the establishment of the Aboriginal Medical and Legal Services, a childcare program and a free breakfast program for schoolchildren. Cummins notes that the latter two programs were largely run by women.\nRachel Perkin's 2014 documentary, Black Panther Woman, depicts Cummins' reflections on her time as a Panther, her career as a musician and radio show host, as well as her attendance at the New York International Black Panther Conference. Additionally, Cummins reveals the abusive intra-party attitudes that prevailed towards female Panthers at the time, and the pressure felt to stay silent in order to protect the Aboriginal rights movement. She has remained vocal about violence perpetrated against Indigenous women in Australia, and the double minority burden that precludes justice for these crimes.\nCummins incorporates these themes and personal experiences into her first album, Koori Woman Blues, the culmination of her long career as a songwriter, saxophone player and blues musician. Cummins additionally has worked as an actor, appearing in a short film Hush for the 2007 Indigenous Film Festival, and recently in Black Drop Effect at the 2020 Sydney Festival.\nFor more than twenty years Cummins has hosted her show Marloo's Blues on Koori Radio. In 2009 she won the Broadcaster of the Year award for her work at the Deadly Awards.\n", "Archival Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/cummins-marlene-2\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/the-black-panther-party-of-australia-volume-2\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/chilly-iris-suzanne-colleen-aka-chilly-aka-chile-sue-volume-1\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/aboriginal-biographical-index-entry-personal-subject-cummins-marlene\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Mackinnon, Una (Patricia)", "Entry ID": "IMP0039", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/mackinnon-una-patricia\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Brisbane, Queensland, Australia", "Death Place": "MelbourneMelbourne, Victoria, Australia", "Occupations": "Community worker, Philanthropist", "Summary": "Patricia Mackinnon joined the Royal Children's Hospital Committee of Management in 1948, serving it in several offices before being elected to the presidency in 1965. She was appointed a Commander to the Order of the British Empire in 1972 and a Dame of the Most Excellent Order of the British Empire in 1977 in recognition of distinguished service to the community in hospital administration.\n", "Details": "The daughter of Ernest Thomas and Pauline Eva (n\u00e9e Taylor) Bell Patricia Mackinnon was born in Brisbane and educated at St Margaret's Church of England School (Brisbane).\nShe married Alistair Mackinnon on 17 December 1936 and they were to have two children.\nIn 1948 Patricia became a member of the committee of management for the Royal Children's Hospital (RCH) Melbourne. She served in several offices before being elected vice-president from 1957-1965 and president 1965-1979, succeeding Dame Elisabeth Murdoch. In 1968 she began chairman of the RCH Research Foundation a position she held until 1986, and from 1951-1965, served as president of the Auxiliaries. She was also a federal and state councillor of the Australian Hospitals Association for many years. A member of the Alexandra Club, Melbourne, Dame Patricia Mackinnon enjoys gardening and reading.\nDame Patricia's links with the RCH go back to her grandmother-in-law, Lady Emily Mackinnon, who served on the committee of management (1888-1922). Her mother-in-law, Mrs Hilda Mackinnon, was elected president of the committee of management from 1923-1933. The MacKinnon School of Nursing is named in their honour.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/hospital-chief-is-a-dame\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/whos-who-of-australian-women\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/whos-who-in-australia-2002\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/faith-hope-and-charity-australian-women-and-imperial-honours-1901-1989\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/living-treasure-in-child-health-a-gentle-and-generous-person\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Rankin, Annabelle Jane Mary", "Entry ID": "IMP0047", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/rankin-annabelle-jane-mary\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Brisbane, Queensland, Australia", "Death Place": "Brisbane, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Parliamentarian", "Summary": "Annabelle Rankin was appointed to the Order of the British Empire - Dames Commander on 13 June 1957 for political and public services. Rankin was the first Queensland woman to be elected a member of Federal Parliament when she became a Queensland Liberal Party Senator in July 1947. She held office for thirty-four years, during which time she served as Minister for Housing from January 1966 to March 1971.\n", "Details": "The Federal electoral division of Rankin (created 1984), was named after the first Queensland woman elected to the Senate. Annabelle Rankin was one of three Queensland Liberal-Country Party candidates, elected to the Senate in 1946.\nRankin, who grew up in a political household (her father Colin Dunlop Wilson was a Member of the Queensland Legislative Assembly), became known throughout Queensland from her association with church activities, girl guides, the Young Women's Christian Association (YWCA) and the Red Cross. She was also a member of the Country Women's Association, the Victoria League and the Royal Empire Society.\nRankin became the first woman party whip (opposition), when she took up her seat in the Senate in July 1947, a position she held until the next election. Then in 1952 (until 1966), she became Government whip. On Australia Day 1966, the then prime minister, Harold Holt, appointed Rankin Minister for Housing, making her the first woman to be appointed to federal ministerial position involving administration of a department.\nAfter leaving politics Rankin became High Commissioner to New Zealand in 1971. She was the first woman to be appointed Head of Mission, and remained in this diplomatic post until 1974. Having never married Dame Rankin retired to Queensland, where she passed away on 30 August 1986.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/whos-who-of-australian-women\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/200-australian-women-a-redress-anthology\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/monash-biographical-dictionary-of-20th-century-australia\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/list-of-electoral-divisions-named-after-women\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/rankin-dame-annabelle-jane-mary-1908-1986\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/a-woman-of-distinction-the-honourable-dame-annabelle-rankin-d-b-e\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/rankin-dame-annabelle-1908-1986\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/liberal-women-federation-to-1949\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/faith-hope-and-charity-australian-women-and-imperial-honours-1901-1989\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/so-many-firsts-liberal-women-from-enid-lyons-to-the-turnbull-era\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/the-encyclopedia-of-women-and-leadership-in-twentieth-century-australia\/", "Archival Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/the-hon-dame-annabelle-jane-mary-rankin-dbe\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/annabelle-rankin-interviewed-by-pat-shaw-in-the-parliaments-bicentenary-oral-history-project-sound-recording\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/biographical-cuttings-on-annabelle-rankin-first-woman-in-australia-to-hold-a-federal-ministry-containing-one-or-more-cuttings-from-newspapers-or-journals\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Curry Kenny, Lisa", "Entry ID": "IMP0072", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/curry-kenny-lisa\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Brisbane, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Businesswoman, Commonwealth or Empire Games Gold Medalist, Olympian, Swimmer", "Summary": "Lisa Curry Kenny, the winner of 15 gold, 7 silver and 8 bronze International medals, is the only Australian swimmer to have held Commonwealth and Australian records in every stroke except backstroke. She competed in three Olympics; Moscow in 1980, Los Angeles in 1984 and Barcelona in 1992. She is now one of Australia's successful keynote motivational speakers and is a Director of Curry Kenny Group Pty Ltd.\n", "Details": "Lisa Curry, the daughter of Roy and Pat Curry, grew up in Brisbane, and by the age of twelve was one of the fastest swimmers of her age in the world. Harry Gallagher coached her. Although she did not excel at school and claims that she was not a natural athlete, she succeeded through a combination of commitment and good organisation. At the age of fifteen she was ranked number five in the world for the 100 metre breaststroke. From 1977 to 1992 she won 15 National Long Course Open Titles and competed in two world championships; in Berlin in 1978 and Guayaquil, Ecuador in 1982. She competed in three Commonwealth Games; in Edmonton in 1978, when she won a silver medal; in Brisbane in 1982 when she won three gold and a bronze and in Auckland in 1990, when she won four gold and one silver. She competed in the Moscow (1980), Los Angeles (1984), and the Barcelona (1992) Olympics.\nHer awards included the Confederation of Australian Sport gold trophy for female athlete of the year 1982 and Queensland sportswoman of the year 1983-1984.\nShe married Grant Kenny, ironman and Olympian, in 1986 and had three children, Jaimi, Morgan and Jett.\nOn retirement from swimming after the Barcelona Olympics, Curry Kenny took up other sporting pursuits and has competed in surf boat rowing competitions and in championship outrigger canoe events. Her team won the Queensland Surf Life Saving Championship in 1996 and the World Championship Outrigger Canoe event in 1997. She has been a member of the Panamuna Outrigger Canoe Club for more than ten years.\nHer successful swimming career and outgoing personality equipped her to work as a presenter for the Channel Nine Wide World of Sport program and to promote Queensland as a tourist destination for the Queensland Tourist and Travel Corporation. She has been associated with Uncle Tobys products since 1983 and has appeared in television commercials promoting their muesli bars. She is spokesperson for Fernwood Fitness Centre, a large chain of Australian fitness and health clubs catering for women. She also supports World Vision and assists orphaned children in Romania.\nCurry Kenny is the author of a series of fitness books which include Lisa Curry's Total Health and Fitness, Lisa Curry's Pregnancy and Fitness, Lisa Curry's Health and Fitness, Get Up and Go, Fit Kids, and Mini Get Up and Go.\nShe is a director of the Curry Kenny Group Pty Ltd with her husband, and travels around Australia giving motivational talks at national and international company conferences. In addition, she is chairman of the National Australia Day Council, Ambassador to the Office of the Status of Women - Honouring Women program and is a member of the Advisory Board for the Encouragement of Philanthropy in Australia.\n", "Events": "Swimming - 100m Butterfly, 200m and 400m Individual Medley (1982 - 1982) \nSwimming - 50m Freestyle, 100m Butterfly, 4 x 100m Freestyle Relay, 4 x 100m Medley Relay (1990 - 1990)", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/curry-kenny-lisa-oam-mbe-managing-director-curry-kenny-pty-limited-motivational-speaker\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/lisa-currys-health-and-fitness\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/lisa-currys-pregnancy-and-fitness-healthy-exercise-diet-and-nutrition-relaxation\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/get-up-and-go\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/fit-kids-keeping-our-kids-healthy-fit-and-motivated\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/mini-get-up-and-go\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/lisa-currys-total-health-and-fitness\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/shes-game-women-making-australian-sporting-history-2\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/faith-hope-and-charity-australian-women-and-imperial-honours-1901-1989\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/contemporary-australians-1995-96\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/debretts-handbook-of-australia\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Oodgeroo Noonuccal", "Entry ID": "IMP0082", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/oodgeroo-noonuccal\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "North Stradbroke Island, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Artist, Educator, Poet, Political activist", "Summary": "Oodgeroo Noonuccal was born Kathleen Jean Mary Ruska, on Minjerribah (the Stradbroke Islands). Oodgeroo Noonuccal means Oodgeroo of the tribe Nunuccal; spelling variations include Nunuccal, Noonuckle and Nunukul. In 1970, Oodgeroo Noonuccal (under the name Kathleen Walker) was appointed a Member of the Order of the British Empire (Civil) for services to the community. She returned it in 1987 in protest against the forthcoming Australian Bicentenary celebrations (1988).\n", "Details": "Oodgeroo Noonuccal has written about her life and work in several publications, including a short account in Roberta Sykes's 1993 Murawina: Australian women of high achievement. In addition, extremely numerous publications by and about Oodgeroo Noonuccal are available in most libraries. Janine Little has compiled a bibliography of Oodgeroo's verse, prose and other works, reviews and critical works on her work, obituaries, and audiovisual and performance material featuring Oodgeroo. See 'Oodgeroo: A Selective Checklist' in Oodgeroo: a tribute (Shoemaker (ed), 1994).\nOodgeroo Noonuccal was born Kathleen Jean Mary Ruska on 3 November 1920, on North Stradbroke Island, country of the Noonuccal tribe. She attended Dulwich Primary; left school and became a domestic in Brisbane at the age of 13. As an Aboriginal person, she said, 'there wasn't the slightest possibility of getting \"a better job\" [even] if you stayed on at school' (Murawina, 1993).\nOodgeroo served in the Australian Women's Army Service (1942-1944). She published her first book of poetry, We Are Going, in 1964, going on to become a trailblazer in published Aboriginal writing in Australia. Oodgeroo was Queensland State Secretary of FCAATSI for ten years in the 1960s and from 1972 was managing director of the Noonuccal-Nughie Education Cultural Centre on Stradboke Island. Throughout her life, she was a renowned and admired campaigner for Aboriginal rights, promoter of Aboriginal cultural survival, educator and environmentalist. She stood as the Australian Labor Party member for the electorate of Greenslopes in the 1969 State election. Although voting rights had only been in place four years, Oodgeroo decided it was time to '[s]how our black faces in parliament.'\nOodgeroo's work has been recognised by numerous awards, including the Mary Gilmore Medal (1970), the Jessie Litchfield Award (1975), the International Acting Award and the Fellowship of Australian Writers' Award. She also held an honorary doctorate of letters (Macquarie University) and was awarded the degree of Doctor of the University from Griffith University. In 1970, Oodgeroo (under the name Kathleen Walker) was appointed as a Member of the Order of the British Empire (Civil) for services to the community. She returned it in 1987 in protest against the forthcoming Australian Bicentenary celebrations (1988). It was around this time that she reclaimed her traditional name, Oodgeroo of the Noonuccal Tribe.\nOodgeroo originally accepted the nomination as MBE after discussing the honour with members of the Brisbane Aboriginal community who felt that acceptance of the honour could 'open doors that were still closed to the Aborigines' ('Why I am now Oodgeroo Noonuccal', Age, 1987). However, Oodgeroo came to reconsider her acceptance. In her own words:\n'Since 1970 I have lived in the hope that the parliaments of England and Australia would confer and attempt to rectify the terrible damage done to the Australian Aborigines. The forbidding us our tribal language, the murders, the poisoning, the scalping, the denial of land custodianship, especially our spiritual sacred sites, the destruction of our sacred places especially our Bora Grounds \u2026 Next year, 1988, to me marks 200 years of rape and carnage, all these terrible things that the Aboriginal tribes of Australia have suffered without any recognition even of admitted guilt from the parliaments of England \u2026 From the Aboriginal point of view, what is there to celebrate?\u2026 I have therefore decided that as a protest against what the Bicentenary 'Celebrations' stand for, I can no longer, with a clear conscience, accept the English honour of the MBE and will be returning it to her Majesty Queen Elizabeth II of England, through her representative, the Queensland State Governor, Sir Walter Campbell.'\n", "Events": "Inducted into the Victorian Honour Roll of Women (2001 - 2001)", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/the-encyclopaedia-of-aboriginal-australia-aboriginal-and-torres-strait-islander-history-society-and-culture\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/oodgeroo-noonuccal-kath-walker\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/murawina-australian-women-of-high-achievement\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/the-black-diggers-aborigines-and-torres-strait-islanders-in-the-second-world-war\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/the-matriarchs-twelve-australian-women-talk-about-their-lives-to-susan-mitchell\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/kath-walker-makes-a-stand-in-the-sitting-down-place-oodgeroo-nunucccal\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/they-spoke-out-pretty-good-the-leadership-of-women-in-the-brisbane-aboriginal-rights-movement-1958-1962\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/the-role-of-teachers-in-the-year-of-indigenous-people-oodgeroo-of-the-tribe-noonuccal-kath-walker-interviewed-by-rhonda-craven\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/obituary-oodgeroo-of-the-tribe-noonuccal\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/oodgeroo-as-friend-and-artist\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/oodgeroo-in-china\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/from-kath-walker-to-oodgeroo-noonuccal-ambiguity-and-assurance-in-my-people\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/oodgeroo-noonuccal-kath-walker-1920-1993-obituary\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/the-poetry-of-oodgeroo-with-poem-mudrooroo-remembers-oodgeroo\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/the-struggle-goes-on-in-death-as-in-life-controversy-continues-to-surround-oodgeroonoonuccal\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/oodgeroo-noonuccal-writer-poet-and-educator\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/kath-walker-an-extraordinary-life-an-interview-by-christine-hogan\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/kath-walker-an-aboriginal-writer-interview-by-candida-baker\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/recording-the-cries-of-the-people-an-interview-with-oodgeroo-kath-walker-edited-version-of-an-interview-conducted-28-jan-1988\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/i-used-my-art-for-sanitys-sake-comments-on-the-authors-drawings\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/kath-walker-activist-artist-finds-a-new-medium-for-her-cause-playing-the-old-woman-in-the-film-the-fringe-dwellers\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/kath-turns-to-painting-poet-kath-walker\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/looking-at-australia-from-both-sides-of-the-fence-article-based-on-an-address-given-to-an-action-for-aboriginal-rights-meeting-in-melbourne\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/harmony-in-education-excerpts-from-an-address-to-action-for-aboriginal-rights\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/where-are-my-first-born-aboriginal-education-transcript-of-the-charles-joseph-la-trobe-memorial-lecture-for-1983\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/its-bloody-minded-revenge-says-kath-walker-queensland-state-lands-administration-refuses-to-alter-tenure-of-land-on-moongalba-reserve\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/utopia-australia-series-of-six-parts-part-6-a-republic-in-which-we-all-share-interview-with-kath-walker\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/neville-bonner-takes-on-the-role-of-elder\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/a-showpiece-for-what-the-commonwealth-games\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/born-to-be-a-poet-1982-james-mcauley-memorial-lecture-kath-walker-interview\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/stradbroke-dreamtime-and-beyond-conversations-with-kath-walker-at-moongalba\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/a-look-at-the-seventies\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/kath-walker-and-the-bridge-to-the-dreamtime\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/kath-walker-at-moongalba-making-the-new-dreamtime\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/interview-kath-walker\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/the-aboriginal-poets-in-english-kath-walker-jack-davis-and-kevin-gilbert\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/aboriginal-women-and-economic-ingenuity-changing-white-perceptions-of-aboriginal-culture-and-the-role-of-women-in-that-culture\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/oodgeroo-a-tribute\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/oodgeroo-a-selective-checklist\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/aboriginal-betrayal-poster-land-rights-makarrata-poster\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/guide-to-the-papers-of-craig-powell\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/guide-to-the-papers-of-frank-hardy\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/oodgeroo-of-the-noonuccal-custodian-of-the-land-minjerribah-sound-recording-broadcast-on-3-1-1994\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/shadow-sister-motion-picture\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/kath-walker-this-is-your-life-series-6-ep-1-videorecording\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/dream-time-machine-time-videorecording\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/fringe-dwellers\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/why-i-am-now-oodgeroo-noonuccal\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/poet-swaps-name-in-protest\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/aboriginal-women\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/australian-literature-an-historical-introduction\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/australian-women-writers-a-bibliographic-guide\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/whos-who-of-australian-women\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/australias-unwritten-history-more-legends-of-our-land\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/the-dawn-is-at-hand-poems\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/father-sky-and-mother-earth\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/legends-of-our-land\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/my-people\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/quandamooka-the-art-of-kath-walker\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/the-rainbow-serpent\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/the-spirit-of-australia\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/towards-a-global-village-in-the-southern-hemisphere\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/stradbroke-dreamtime\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/we-are-going\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/talkin-up-to-the-white-woman-aboriginal-women-and-feminism\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/recollections-2\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/reports-and-resolutions\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/honours-for-aborigines\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/details-of-pioneers-in-aboriginal-movement\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/aboriginal-writers-in-australia\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/youll-be-sorry\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/walker-kathleen-jean-mary\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/citizenship-as-non-discrimination-acceptance-or-assimilation-political-logic-and-emotional-investment-in-campaigns-for-indigenous-rights-in-australia-1940-to-1970\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/some-aboriginal-women-pathfinders-their-difficulties-and-their-achievements\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/outsiders-aboriginal-women\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/the-complete-book-of-great-australian-women-thirty-six-women-who-changed-the-course-of-australia\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/the-womens-pages-australian-women-and-journalism-since-1850-2\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/worth-fighting-for\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/whos-who-in-australia-1980\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/the-encyclopedia-of-women-and-leadership-in-twentieth-century-australia\/", "Archival Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/papers-related-to-the-publishing-of-the-spirit-of-australia-1988-1989\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/papers-relating-to-oodgeroo-noonuccal\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/poems-manuscript\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/oodgeroo-noonuccal-papers\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/craig-powell-manuscript-collection\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/papers-of-frank-hardy-1931-1988-manuscript\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/kath-walker-interviewed\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/kath-walker-interviewed-by-hazel-de-berg-in-the-hazel-de-berg-collection-sound-recording\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/aboriginal-charter-of-rights-by-kath-walker\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/biographical-cuttings-on-oodgeroo-noonuccal-poet-conservationist-and-aboriginal-community-worker-containing-one-or-more-cuttings-from-newspapers-or-journals\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/aboriginal-national-theatre-trust-limited-files-1902-1991\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/the-aussie-image-the-language-of-the-image-makers\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Coffey, Essie", "Entry ID": "IMP0121", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/coffey-essie\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Goodooga, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Actor, Community worker, Filmmaker, Singer", "Summary": "Essie Coffey was a Muruwari woman born in southern Queensland. She was co-founder of the Western Aboriginal Legal Service and served on a number of government bodies and Aboriginal community organisations.\n", "Details": "Born at Essiena Goodgabah in southern Queensland, Essie Coffey and her family were fortunate to avoid forced relocation to a reserve. Instead they lived on the move, following seasonal rural work.\nCoffey went on to be co-founder of the Western Aboriginal Legal Service and the Aboriginal Heritage and Cultural Museum in Brewarrina, serving on several government bodies and Aboriginal community organisations including the Aboriginal Lands Trust and the Aboriginal Advisory Council. She was an inaugural member of the Council for Aboriginal Reconciliation.\nCoffey was awarded a Medal of the Order of Australia (OAM) on 10 June 1985, for service to the Aboriginal Community. She was nominated for an MBE but refused it, explaining \"I knocked the MBE back because I'm not a member of the British Empire\".\nWith Martha Ansara, Coffey made the award-winning film My survival as an Aboriginal (1978), which she gave to Queen Elizabeth II as a gift at the opening of Australia's new Parliament House in 1988. The sequel, My Life As I Live It, was released in 1993. Coffey also appeared in the film 'Backroads'.\nEssie Coffey and her husband, Doc, had 18 children, 10 of whom were adopted.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/the-encyclopaedia-of-aboriginal-australia-aboriginal-and-torres-strait-islander-history-society-and-culture\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/building-bridges-of-hope-for-blacks\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/memorial-to-a-great-woman\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/australia-looses-essie-coffey-bush-queen-of-brewarrina\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/my-life-as-i-live-it-videorecording\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/my-survival-as-an-aboriginal-videorecording\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/the-encyclopedia-of-women-and-leadership-in-twentieth-century-australia\/", "Archival Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/earthworks-poster-collective-silkscreen-posters-1974-1980\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/my-life-as-i-live-it\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/essie-coffey-interviewed-by-hazel-de-berg-in-the-hazel-de-berg-collection-sound-recording\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/biographical-cuttings-on-essie-coffey-aboriginal-activist-and-country-and-western-singer-containing-one-or-more-cuttings-from-newspapers-or-journals\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/big-girls-dont-cry\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/my-survival-as-an-aboriginal-nfsa-restores\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/coffey-essie-interviewed-by-martha-ansara-1992-oral-history\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/ros-bowden-interviews-conducted-for-radio-programs-and-documentaries-ca-1975-1989\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Isbister, Jean Sinclair (Clair)", "Entry ID": "IMP0131", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/isbister-jean-sinclair-clair\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Brisbane, Queensland, Australia", "Death Place": "New South Wales, Australia", "Occupations": "Paediatrician", "Summary": "Jean Sinclair Isbister (known as Clair) was a consultant paediatrician at the Royal North Shore Hospital, New South Wales, from 1949 and published many books on motherhood under the name Clair Isbister. She was appointed to The Order of the British Empire - Officer (Civil) on 1 January 1969 for services to medicine.\n", "Events": "For services to medicine (1976 - 1976) \nFor services to mothers and babies (1969 - 1969)", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/where-are-the-women-in-australian-science-2\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/faith-hope-and-charity-australian-women-and-imperial-honours-1901-1989\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/whos-who-in-australia-1968\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/fount-of-knowledge-on-mothercraft\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/obituary-dr-clair-isbister-12-9-1915-20-8-2008\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/dr-clair-isbister\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/dr-clair-isbister-2\/", "Archival Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/clair-isbister-interviewed-by-hazel-de-berg-in-the-hazel-de-berg-collection-sound-recording\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/biographical-cuttings-on-clair-isbister-containing-one-or-more-cuttings-from-newspapers-or-journals\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Wilson, Grace Margaret", "Entry ID": "IMP0159", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/wilson-grace-margaret\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Brisbane, Queensland, Australia", "Death Place": "Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia", "Occupations": "Army Nurse, Matron", "Summary": "During World War I Grace Wilson was Principal Matron of No 3 Australian General Hospital serving in Egypt, Lemnos and France. She was appointed a Commander (Military) of the Order of the British Empire on 1 January 1919 for army nursing service in France. Grace Wilson was mentioned in dispatches five times as well as being awarded the Royal Red Cross Medal (2 May 1916) and the Florence Nightingale Medal.\n", "Details": "After being educated at Brisbane Girls' Grammar School, Grace Wilson commenced her nursing training at Brisbane Hospital and continued at Queen Charlotte Hospital (London). Upon completion she became a sister at Albany Memorial Hospital (London) and then returned to Australia to be Matron at the Brisbane Hospital.\nDuring World War I Wilson was Principal Matron No. 3 Australian General Hospitals in Egypt, Lemnos and France. She then became temporary Matron-in-chief for the Australian Imperial Forces (AIF). Wilson was mentioned in dispatches five times, awarded the Florence Nightingale Medal and Royal Red Cross Medal as well as being appointed a Commander (Military) of the Order of the British Empire on 1 January 1919 for army nursing service. In 1937 she led the A.I.F. Nurses' Contingent to the Coronation.\nDuring her career Wilson was matron at Rosemount Military Hospital, Brisbane, and the Children's Hospital, Melbourne, and was sister-in-charge at Somerset House Private Hospital, Melbourne. From 1933 to 1940 she was matron at the Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, and at the outbreak of World War II became matron-in-chief of the Australian Army Nursing Service (A.A.N.S). From 1940 to 1941 Wilson was matron-in-chief of the Nursing Service with the A.I.F., before becoming executive officer with the Nursing Control Section at the Manpower Directorate.\nMatron Grace Margaret Wilson died in 1957.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/australian-women-at-war\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/whos-who-in-australia-1950\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/what-is-the-anzac-spirit\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/visit-gallipoli\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/rsl-returned-sisters-sub-branchthanksgiving-service-100-years-of-australian-army-nursing\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/the-diggers-makers-of-the-australian-military-tradition\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/australian-nurses-since-nightingale-1860-1990\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/whos-who-in-australia-1944\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/just-wanted-to-be-there-australian-service-nurses-1899-1999\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/where-are-the-women-in-australian-science-2\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/wilson-grace-margaret-1879-1957\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/faith-hope-and-charity-australian-women-and-imperial-honours-1901-1989\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/the-encyclopedia-of-women-and-leadership-in-twentieth-century-australia\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Giese, Nancy", "Entry ID": "IMP0215", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/giese-nancy\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Brisbane, Queensland, Australia", "Death Place": "Darwin, Northern Territory, Australia", "Occupations": "Community Leader, Educator", "Summary": "Dr Nancy (Nan) Giese was a pioneer of education and the visual and performing arts in the Northern Territory. She was strongly involved in planning and setting up the first tertiary institutions and for ten years was elected Chancellor of the Northern Territory University, now Charles Darwin University.\n", "Details": "Born in 1922 in Brisbane, Queensland, to Robert and Daisy Wilson, Nancy Giese was a champion of education and the arts and one of the Northern Territory's most important leaders. The extent of her contribution to community life is reflected in the numerous honours she received, culminating in her 2004 award of Doctor of Education, honoris causa, from the university she was instrumental in founding, and which she served as Chancellor for ten years. The citation described her as 'a true pioneer within our community, recognizing needs and then taking the lead in the creation of amenities and institutions to meet those needs.' Other awards include Officer of the Order of Australia in 1997, OBE in 1977, the Centenary Medal and the Administrator's Medal in 2003, and Tribute to Northern Territory Women in 2005.\nEducated at Brisbane Girls' Grammar School and the University of Queensland, as a young teacher she joined the flying squad travelling around the state's schools promoting health and fitness. Her boss was Harry Giese, the first Queensland Director of Physical Education (1944-47), whom she married in 1946. Their dynamic partnership powered their years in Darwin from 1954, through pioneering initiatives in education and health.\nNan Giese saw immediately that families were leaving the Northern Territory, 'good citizens lost to a developing society that badly needed them', because their children could not matriculate. She lobbied tirelessly for full secondary education and for 'amenities that were the most modern in Australia when they were built', as Trevor Read, Principal of Darwin High School, noted. She became a key member of groups such as the Graduates' Association demanding tertiary education for Territory students as part of the full range of opportunities from pre-school to post-graduate research available to other Australians. In the late 1960s a Commonwealth government report looked to the successful American model of community colleges, and recommended an independent tertiary institution which could offer both higher education and technical courses. She was a member of the planning committee and later Chair of the Council of the Darwin Community College (DCC), the prototype community college in Australia. Its labs and trade workshops, classrooms, art studios, a library, a theatre and student accommodation, opened in 1974. At the end of that year, Cyclone Tracy swept them all away.\nBut this was just the beginning. Nan Giese and others persisted, and in January 1989 the Institute of Technology that succeeded the DCC amalgamated with the embryo University College to form the Northern Territory University, now Charles Darwin University. Bridging courses and scholarships for Indigenous people were set up and education for regional and remote areas became a priority.\nFrom the 1960s, Nan Giese was on the founding committees and led arts organizations such as the Arts Council of the Northern Territory, the Darwin Performing Arts Centre Board and the Museums and Art Galleries Board of the Northern Territory. The Arts Council flew in international groups from the Baranggay Dance Troupe from the Philippines to the Polish Chamber Orchestra, and toured them throughout the Territory from Milingimbi to Alice Springs. The Performing Arts Centre and the waterside Museum and Art Gallery of the Northern Territory opened just after Territory self-government. They are large and beautiful buildings and thriving community hubs. They enhance the modern city that has replaced the post-War frontier town of Darwin.\nIn all these initiatives 'there seems to be this one link, this thread right through from the beginning, the one person who's been a driving force through all those years when others have come and gone, either left Darwin or given up', said Nan's friend and fellow pioneer of Territory tertiary education, Joyce Cheong Chin.\n", "Events": "Appointed Member of the Order of the British Empire (Civil) (1971 - 1971) \nAppointed Officer of the Order of Australia (AO) (1997 - 1997) \nAppointed Officer of the Order of the British Empire (Civil) (1977 - 1977) \nBorn the daughter of R. Wilson (1922 - 1922) \nChairman of the Darwin Community College Council (1976 - 1985) \nChancellor of the Northern Territory University (1993 - 2004) \nCommissioner of the Northern Territory Vocational Training Commission (1983 - 1985) \nCommittee member of the Darwin Community College (1969 - 1971) \nDeputy Chancellor of the Northern Territory University (1989 - 1993) \nDirector of the Darwin Performing Arts Centre Board (1984 - 1993) \nDoctor of Education, honoris causa, Northern Territory University (2004 - 2004) \nFounding committee member of the Arts Council of the Northern Territory (1968 - 1983) \nFounding committee member of the Museums and Art Galleries Board, Northern Territory (1964 - 2000) \nLife member of Darwin Performing Arts Centre Board (1993 - 1993) \nMarried Harry Christian Giese (1946 - 1946) \nMember of the Darwin Community College Interim Council (1972 - 1976) \nMember of the Darwin Hospital Advisory Board (1969 - 1973) \nMoved with family to Darwin, Northern Territory (1954 - 1954) \nNorthern Territory Senior Australian of the Year (2001 - 2001) \nPresident of the Arts Council, Northern Territory (1972 - 1985) \nPresident of the National Council of Women, Northern Terrority (1970 - 1972) \nTeacher, Queensland Education Department (1938 - 1946) \nVice-President of the Arts Council Australia; also served on Music Board (1975 - 1980) \nVice-President of the North Australian Eisteddfod Council (1968 - 1972)", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/nancy-giese\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/whos-who-in-australia-2002\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/faith-hope-and-charity-australian-women-and-imperial-honours-1901-1989\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/the-encyclopedia-of-women-and-leadership-in-twentieth-century-australia\/", "Archival Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/nancy-nan-giese-collection\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/biographical-cuttings-on-nan-giese-containing-one-or-more-cuttings-from-newspapers-or-journals\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Hurman, Edith Myra", "Entry ID": "IMP0234", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/hurman-edith-myra\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Brisbane, Queensland, Australia", "Death Place": "New South Wales, Australia", "Occupations": "Medical practitioner", "Summary": "Edith Hurman, after commencing her early education in Perth, finished her medical training at Sydney University in 1922 and overcame many obstacles in order to become the first doctor to set up private practice in Cudal, New South Wales in 1925. With Muriel Amanda Rodda, a trained nurse, she was instrumental in the establishment of the town's hospital in 1928. Edith Hurman remained in Cudal and worked in that hospital until her retirement in 1961. She subsequently wrote a booklet entitled The beginnings, in 1980, in which she told the story of how the Cudal Hospital was established. She was appointed Member of the Order of the British Empire for her services to medicine in New South Wales on 1 January 1966.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/the-beginnings-the-story-of-how-the-cudal-hospital-began\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/faith-hope-and-charity-australian-women-and-imperial-honours-1901-1989\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Brophy, Teresa Rita O'Rourke", "Entry ID": "IMP0240", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/brophy-teresa-rita-orourke\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Maryborough, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Anaesthetist, Medical practitioner", "Summary": "Teresa Brophy had a distinguished career as an anaesthetist in Brisbane, Queensland. On completion of her medical training in Brisbane and London, she held both academic and hospital appointments in Brisbane. In addition, she was vice-chairman of the Australian Resuscitation Council from 1976. She was appointed Officer of the Order of the British Empire on 11 June 1976 for her services to medicine.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/medical-directory-of-australia-1980\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/faith-hope-and-charity-australian-women-and-imperial-honours-1901-1989\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Molphy, Ruth", "Entry ID": "IMP0242", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/molphy-ruth\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Toowoomba, Queensland, Australia", "Death Place": "Clayfield, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Anaesthetist", "Summary": "Ruth Molphy, who completed her medical training in Brisbane and England, was appointed Member of the Order of the British Empire for services to medicine on 20 June 1987. She distinguished herself in the field of anaesthetics and medical administration at the Royal Brisbane Hospital and the Prince Charles Hospital Brisbane.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/medical-directory-of-australia-2000\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/faith-hope-and-charity-australian-women-and-imperial-honours-1901-1989\/", "Archival Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/28489-dr-ruth-molphy-photographs-and-papers-1930-2001\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Vasey, Jessie Mary", "Entry ID": "IMP0249", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/vasey-jessie-mary\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Roma, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Community worker", "Summary": "Jessie Vasey founded and became President of the War Widows' Guild of Australia. For her work in the field of social welfare she was the recipient of both the CBE (8 June 1963) and OBE (8 June 1950).\n", "Details": "Jessie Vasey, the eldest of three daughters of Joseph and Jessie Halbert, attended Moreton Bay Girls' High School as a boarder, before the family moved to Victoria in 1911. She then attended Lauriston Girls' School before moving to Methodist Ladies' College, Kew.\nIn May 1921 Jessie Halbert married George Alan Vasey. In the same year she graduated from the University of Melbourne with a Bachelor of Arts. In 1928-1930 and 1934-1936 Jessie Vasey and her two children accompanied George Vasey when he was posted to India. The family returned to Australia in 1937 and settled at Wantirna at the foot of the Dandenongs.\nDuring World War II, while her husband was posted in Europe, Jessie Vasey worked with the Australian Comforts Funds. In 1940 Jessie Vasey was a foundation member and secretary of the Australian Imperial Forces Women's Association. George Vasey drew the attention of his wife to the plight of war widows after visiting the widow of one of his men and was appalled at her living conditions. It was Major-General Vasey's wish that after he returned from the battlefields he, with the help of his wife, would look after the families of the men who were killed while serving with him. On 5 March 1945, aged 49 years, Major-General Vasey was himself killed in an aircraft accident.\nIn 1945 Jessie Vasey established the War Widows' Guild in Victoria, the following year in New South Wales and thereafter in every Australian State and the Australian Capital Territory. By the time of her death in 1966 the Guild had grown into an influential national lobby group.\n", "Events": "Inducted into the Victorian Honour Roll of Women (2001 - 2001) \nInducted into the Victorian Honour Roll of Women (2008 - 2008)", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/a-tour-of-the-lilydale-cemetery-1861-1994\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/whos-who-in-australia-1962\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/australian-women-at-war\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/no-mean-destiny-the-story-of-the-war-widows-guild-of-australia-1945-85\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/jessie-mary-vasey-1897-1966\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/vasey-jessie-mary-1897-1966\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/jessie-mary-vasey\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/150-years-150-stories-brief-biographies-of-one-hundred-and-fifty-remarkable-people-associated-with-the-university-of-melbourne\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/200-australian-women-a-redress-anthology\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Kennedy, Thalia Ruby Lorraine", "Entry ID": "IMP0270", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/kennedy-thalia-ruby-lorraine\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Albion, Queensland, Australia", "Death Place": "Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "School principal", "Summary": "Thalia Kennedy was educated at the University of Queensland, majoring in english, history and latin, and winning a University Blue for hockey. She joined the staff of the Ipswich Girls' Grammar School in January 1942, as an english and history teacher, later being promoted to Deputy Principal and serving as Principal from 1965 to 1981. She introduced Thursday afternoon activities and computer education and appointed a student counsellor. In 1982 the Thalia Kennedy Centre was opened at the school. She was appointed MBE - Member of The Order of the British Empire (Civil) - 13 June 1981 for services to education and the community.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/the-first-one-hundred-years\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/faith-hope-and-charity-australian-women-and-imperial-honours-1901-1989\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Lahey, Frances Vida", "Entry ID": "IMP0292", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/lahey-frances-vida\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Pimpama, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Artist", "Summary": "Vida Lahey began her art studies in Brisbane around 1903, before training at the National Gallery School, Victoria (1905-1906, 1909); she lived in London from 1915, moving to Paris after the war, where she studied at Colarossi's Academy. She exhibited regularly in Brisbane and Sydney during the 1930s and 1940s, specialising in still lives, interiors and some landscape. Lahey had a strong commitment to the arts, teaching both adult and children's art classes, and along with Daphne Mayo was heavily involved in raising funds for, and promoting, the Queensland Art Gallery. She served on the gallery's Art Advisory Committee (1931-37) 'and often argued for a proper purchasing policy and a qualified full-time director - which occurred only in 1949'. She was commissioned by the Gallery to write Art in Queensland 1859-1959 which was published in 1959 and remains 'a basic text for Queensland art history'. According to Nancy Underhill, Lahey's main contribution was 'to encourage excellence and public involvement in the visual arts, especially in Queensland, and to serve as a point of contact between Brisbane, Sydney and Melbourne'(Heritage). Vida Lahey was appointed to The Order of the British Empire - Member (Civil), 1 January 1958, for services to art in Queensland. Her painting 'Beach Umbrellas' was featured on the 1996 $1.20 stamp for Australia Day.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/lahey-frances-vida-1882-1968-painter\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/songs-of-colour-the-art-of-vida-lahey\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/lahey-frances-vida-1882-1968\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/faith-hope-and-charity-australian-women-and-imperial-honours-1901-1989\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/", "Archival Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/vida-lahey-interviewed-by-hazel-de-berg-in-the-hazel-de-berg-collection-sound-recording\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/om67-30-vida-lahey-papers-and-works-of-art-1909-1963\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Wheeler, Annie Margaret", "Entry ID": "PR00122", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/wheeler-annie-margaret\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Dingo, Queensland, Australia", "Death Place": "Surfer's Paradise, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Nurse, Welfare worker", "Summary": "Upon the outbreak of World War 1 in 1914, Annie Wheeler, a widow\u00a0from central Queensland living in London, took it upon herself to improve the lines of communication\u00a0between Queensland soldiers abroad and their loved ones Back home. Taking up residence near the Australian Army Headquarters and the Anzac Buffet in London,\u00a0she endeavoured to contact all soldiers from central Queensland, be they injured, on leave or at the trenches. By keeping a detailed index card on each soldier, she corresponded with servicemen on the battlefield, forwarded packages and mail, whilst also providing comfort to those in hospital. Becoming known as the 'Mother of Queensland', by 1918 she provided reliable correspondence for over 2300 soldiers. Each fortnight Mrs Wheeler sent home detailed letters which were published in the Capricornian and the Morning Bulletin.\nThe\u00a0Returned Sailors and Soldiers Imperial League of Australia made her an associate member in 1920. In\u00a0the same year, she was presented with an O.B.E.\nAfter\u00a0her death, a memorial plaque was erected at Mt Thompson Memorial Gardens in Brisbane, Queensland.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/wheeler-annie-margaret-2\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/", "Archival Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/om82-67-mrs-h-g-wheeler-correspondence-ca-1914-ca-1919\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Praed, Rosa", "Entry ID": "PR00136", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/praed-rosa\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Bromelton, Queensland, Australia", "Death Place": "Torquay, England", "Occupations": "Writer", "Summary": "Writing in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, Rosa Praed covered many genres in her extensive bibliography, including books for children as well as adults. Rosa Murray-Prior began writing in her teens, contributing r\u00e9sum\u00e9s and stories to the family's handwritten Marroon Magazine. She married Englishman Arthur Campbell Bulkley Praed, and four years later Rosa and her husband returned to England, where she continued to write. Praed revisited Australia only once, however she continued to rework her memories, and published her autobiography My Australian Girlhood in 1902. Other biographical work included Australian Life; Black and White (1885). She maintained contacts with relations and friends in Australia until her death. Writing as Mrs Campbell Praed, she produced more than forty-five books over the next four decades, approximately half of which deal with Australian material.\n", "Details": "Praed was the third child of Thomas Lodge Murray-Prior and Matilda Harpur, niece of poet Charles Harpur. Murray-Prior established a pastoral station in Queensland where he became a member of the Legislative Council and served as Post-Master General to three Prime Ministers during the latter half of the 19th century. Her father's political career in Queensland exposed Rosa to political discourses and the social world of the colony. These experiences were often reflected in her later books. She was educated at home by her mother and private tutors. She married on 29 October 1872 at St John's Church of England, Brisbane. Within a few weeks of their marriage, Arthur Praed took Rosa to his cattle station, Monte Christo, situated on Curtis Island, off the Queensland coast between Gladstone and Rockhampton. Rosa was glad to leave behind the lonely existence on Curtis Island to travel to England with her husband.\nIn 1882 Praed published Nadine, an intense psychological study drawing on the life of Olga Novikoff. She collaborated on four books with the Irish politician Justin McCarthy, who wrote voluminously to her on the progress of the Home Rule debate of the 1880s. She edited these letters as Our Book of Memories (1912). Her talents also extended to writing a dramatic play, Ariane, based on her novel, The Bond of Wedlock (1887). This ran for 100 performances in London's West End in 1888.\nRosa separated from her husband in 1897 and began living with a psychic medium, Nancy Harward. Much of her later fiction, some of which was written with Harward, reflects her devout belief in the supernatural. Her work includes acute analyses of the colonial mentality, especially of society women, whilst historical events and personages often supply background and characters for her novels. Rosa moved to Devon with Harward in the early 1920s and lived there until her death.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/rosa-praed-mrs-campbell-praed-1851-1935-a-bibliography\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/ada-cambridge-tasma-and-rosa-praed\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/in-mortal-bondage-the-strange-life-of-rosa-praed\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/praed-rosa-caroline-1851-1935\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/rosa-rosa-a-life-of-rosa-praed-novelist-and-spiritualist-4\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/", "Archival Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/om78-58-15-rosa-caroline-praed-letter-ca-1886\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/letters-1901-manuscript\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/mrs-campbell-praed-picture-photo-elliot-and-fry\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/om64-01-rosa-caroline-praed-papers-ca-1885-ca-1930\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/tr-1921-rosa-campbell-praed-correspondence-1909\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/papers-of-patricia-clarke-1887-2010-manuscript\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Greenham, Eleanor Constance (Ella)", "Entry ID": "PR00172", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/greenham-eleanor-constance-ella\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Ipswich, Queensland, Australia", "Death Place": "New Farm, Queensland, 1957", "Occupations": "Medical practitioner", "Summary": "Eleanor Constance Greenham was the first native-born Queensland woman to graduate in medicine. The first student to be enrolled at Ipswich Girls Grammar School in 1892, she excelled academically, graduating from the University of Sydney in 1901. Later that year she began work as a resident medical officer at Lady Bowen Hospital in Brisbane, before leaving to work in a private practice in 1903. Paving the way for other Queensland women in the field of medicine, the Queensland Medical Women's Society elected Greenham to honorary membership in 1945, as well as being made an honorary member of the British Medical Association (Queensland Branch) in 1953 for fifty years of uninterrupted membership.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/greenham-eleanor-constance-ella-1874-1957\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/a-pioneer-not-a-traditionalist-the-life-and-work-of-dr-eleanor-greenham\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/courier-mail-11-march-1904-p-6\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/courier-mail-13-december-1890-p-5\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/", "Archival Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/ipswich-girls-grammar-school-archives\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/archives-of-the-womens-college-university-of-sydney\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/womens-college\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Major, Tania", "Entry ID": "PR00181", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/major-tania\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Kowanyama, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Criminologist, Youth advocate", "Summary": "Tania Major first came to prominence in 2004 as the youngest person elected to the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Commission. In 2007 she was named Young Australian of the Year. She spoke to opinion makers, the public and government about sexual violence and rape in the Aboriginal community, asking Prime Minister John Howard to help lift the \"blanket of shame\" that was preventing such assaults being reported.\n", "Details": "The Cairns-based indigenous youth advocate, Tania Major, used her profile to draw attention to domestic violence in\u00a0 Aboriginal communities. Her forthright way of addressing the problems focused national attention on them.\nShe broke the ice of public discussion about a number of issues concerning the welfare of young Indigenous people when she was featured on national television programs such as Four Corners and 60 Minutes. She made some people feel very uncomfortable, and was happy to do so. She spoke directly and very publicly to the prime minister and other opinion leaders about the appalling secrets of domestic violence in her community in the belief that the best way to represent her people was to tell the truth.\n\"I'm proud to be an Aboriginal Australian and to have been recognised and acknowledged for the work I'm involved in,\" Ms Major said.\nIn 2009, Tania Major is the only person within her particular community to complete a university degree; indeed, she is the only one to have successfully completed Year 12. Tania has become a role model not only for Indigenous youth, but also for all young Australian's.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/australian-of-the-year-awards\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/interview-with-tania-major\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/young-australian-tania-major\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Concannon, Gertrude", "Entry ID": "PR00198", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/concannon-gertrude\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Maryborough, Queensland, Australia", "Death Place": "Wyongah, New South Wales, Australia", "Occupations": "Arranger, Author, Composer, Music adjudicator, Music teacher, Musician, Opera singer, Pianist", "Summary": "Gertrude Concannon was a highly successful Australian-trained lyric soprano. Later in her life she contributed to Australian music with equal significance through her teaching, composition, and encouragement of younger musicians.\n", "Details": "Born in Maryborough, Queensland, to English migrant parents, Concannon was placed at the age of three into the care of the local convent following the death of her mother. She completed her education at the convent and had her first vocal training from a Mr Charles Kenningham. In 1918, she entered the Garcia School of Music, Sydney, as a student of the distinguished teacher Madame Ellen Christian, whose mentorship had an inestimable influence on the young singer. Remaining at the School for seven years, Concannon completed singing and piano diplomas and gave numerous public recitals, concerts, and radio broadcasts.\nConcannon subsequently embarked upon an international career spanning nearly 15 years. She departed for the United States of America in 1925, where she sang and learned her craft with a number of opera companies. She moved to England in 1928 and in the ensuing decade maintained a busy opera and recital schedule. She also toured extensively in Europe, Africa, India, Singapore, and Burma. All the while, Concannon was acutely conscious of her Australian identity. She deliberately programmed Australian works in many of her recitals. She also wrote of her travels in newspaper and magazine articles and in her unpublished autobiography, Around the World in Song, intending to relay her experiences for the benefit of others.\nOn her permanent return to Australia at the outbreak of the Second World War, Concannon commenced a busy vocal teaching practice in Sydney, establishing a studio of her own in Darlinghurst in 1939 and taking over the students of the late Madame Christian two years later. She also became actively involved in the eisteddfod movement as an adjudicator. She married Jack Degnian in 1943. Concannon's settlement in Sydney allowed her to renew her passion for songwriting and composing. She had commenced composing in her teens, and one of her songs, At Evening, was published in 1924.\nConcannon joined the Bread and Cheese Club Songwriters' and Composers' Group in the 1940s, and in 1950 was president of the NSW branch. She received numerous prizes from this group for her works, including prizes presented in 1950 by Alfred Hill in serious and light ballad categories for her songs The Swing Song and Lullaby.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/gertrude-concannon\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Ogg, Margaret Ann", "Entry ID": "PR00211", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/ogg-margaret-ann\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Brisbane, Queensland, Australia", "Death Place": "Clayfield Brisbane, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Electoral reformer, Feminist, Journalist, Musician, Poet, Writer", "Summary": "Margaret Ogg is best known for her extensive political, social and feminist activities. Additionally she was a poet, writer and an accomplished musician, playing viola in the family quartet, as well as holding membership with the Musical Association. A staunch monarchist and anti-socialist, Ogg actively toured outback townships in Queensland promoting women's suffrage, and encouraging pioneer women to become involved in state and national affairs. As founder, co-founder and member of many Queensland women's organisations, she was consistently at the forefront of political and social campaigns to secure reforms for the Queensland's women and children. Ogg remained an active member of the Brisbane political and cultural scene up until her death.\n", "Details": "Margaret Ogg was born in the manse of the Presbyterian Church, Anne Street Brisbane to Charles Ogg, Presbyterian minister and his wife Agnes, n\u00e9e McKellar. She was one of ten children and first attended school in South Brisbane. Later Margaret attended the Brisbane Girls' Grammar School where she became proficient in languages. For a number of years she was editor of the women's section of the United Grazier, a New South Wales publication for country folk. She wrote under the pseudonym \"Ann Dante\" (Andante). Ogg loved wildflowers and as a result of outings to the Daffodil Farm at Sunnybank and many picnics to Mt Gravatt, St. John's Wood and Petrie, she wrote the poem titled \"Out in the Bush\". She was active in Brisbane literary circles and also sub-edited the Presbyterian Austral Star.\nMiss Ogg joined the Women's Christian Temperance League in 1886 when it established a Queensland Branch of the organisation. Primarily concerned with controlling alcohol abuse in the State, the League's broader agenda was the welfare of women and children, as well as women's voting rights. In 1891 Margaret helped the Women's Christian Temperance Union form a Colonial Suffrage Department but stressed their non-political involvement. Through the Women's Christian Temperance Union she was instrumental in setting up the Mission to Seamen. Ogg in 1903 became a founding member and secretary for the Queensland Women's Electoral League (QWEL), a position she held for 30 years. The QWEL campaigned for such things as equal pay, the establishment of bush nursing homes, and a chair of domestic science. They also lobbied the Premier to raise the age of consent to 17. Upon Margaret Ogg's death in 1953 the QWEL honoured her by creating a fund to assist women candidates into public office.\nMargaret co-founded the Brisbane Women's Progressive Club in 1908 which changed its name to the Brisbane Women's Club in 1912. At a meeting in 1909 Miss Ogg raised the following points of interest: (a) equal divorce laws; (b) equal pay for equal work for men and women; (c) making seduction a criminal offence; and (d) a deputation to be sent to the Minister for Education to ask that Domestic Science be a compulsory subject for girls in state schools. The Brisbane Women's Club established a scholastic bursary in memory of Margaret Ogg, and continues to award bursaries to music students at the conservatorium.\nOn Friday 2 May 1919, Ogg presided at a meeting of the Brisbane members of the London Lyceum Club to discuss founding a Queensland Branch of the Club. That evening a general committee was formed with nominated members assigned to draw up a constitution and rules. Margaret Ogg was elected President and May Paten Honorary Secretary. At various stages of her life she was the only woman executive-member of the National Political Council, organising secretary of the women's central committee of the Queensland Deaf and Dumb Mission, and co-founder of the Queensland Bush Club. Her advice and organisational ability assisted Irene Longman into parliament in 1929. Through persistently lobbying the State government, Ogg was instrumental in having the Criminal Code Amendment Act 1913 passed, as well as the Testators' Family Maintenance Act 1914 through which widows were entitled to a proportion of the husband's estate.\nMargaret Ogg was multitalented, intellectual, community minded, indomitable, and quick witted. Shortly before her death, in a letter dated 28 October 1946, Miss Ogg wrote:\n\"No woman can do more than her little bit - often falling far short of intention, but it has been my privilege to have as co-workers some of the finest women in Queensland, and the success and development which attended our efforts was, and is due to their loyalty and self-sacrifice, without which no sure foundation can be laid\".\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/early-days-of-brisbane-lyceum\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/margaret-ogg\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/ogg-margaret-ann-1863-1953\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/queenslander-17-november\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/courier-mail-20-may-1953\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/lyceum-club-brisbane-incorporated-2\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/the-encyclopedia-of-women-and-leadership-in-twentieth-century-australia\/", "Archival Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/r-1694-lyceum-club-brisbane-inc-records\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/tr-2080-lyceum-club-brisbane-inc-records-1998-2000\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/r-1453-lyceum-club-brisbane-inc-records\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/r-1229-lyceum-club-brisbane-inc-newsletter\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/r-1600-lyceum-club-brisbane-inc-records-1995-1996%e2%86%b5%e2%86%b5r-1600-lyceum-club-brisbane-inc-records-1995-1996%e2%86%b5%e2%86%b5r-1600-lyceum-club-brisbane-inc-records-1995-1996\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/r-1218-lyceum-club-brisbane-inc-records-1931-1994-2013\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/margaret-ann-ogg-and-williamina-anderson-ogg\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/margaret-ogg-and-ernest-briggs-at-the-brisbane-residence-dunrobin\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/margaret-ogg-fund-list-of-names-for-appeal-letters-1953\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/margaret-ogg-pioneering-campaigner-for-womens-rights-suffragette-movement-in-queensland\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/om83-01-ogg-margaret-ann-manuscript-1824-1962\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/28405-brisbane-womens-club-records-1908-2013\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Cable, Kate Louisa", "Entry ID": "PR00234", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/cable-kate-louisa\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Fanning Siding, Queensland, Australia", "Death Place": "Townsville, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Mail agent, Postmistress", "Summary": "Kate Cable was the longest serving postmistress in Australia. On 1 July 1927 she was appointed postmistress at Macrossan, on the Flinders Highway, west of Townsville, earning 15\/- per week.\nKate outlived the official history records of the postal service of Queensland. Her 59 years service at the Macrossan post office officially ended when the exchange went automatic on 31 March 1986; however Kate continued to maintain her links with Australia Post and the district, acting as Community Mail Agent for the collection and distribution of mail. Her duties as a postmistress involved sorting incoming and outgoing mail, banking, money orders and operating the old cordless pyramid switchboard.\n", "Details": "The Divisional Manager of Australia Post, Don Watson, presented Kate Cable with a plaque depicting a sketch of the early type of pyramid switchboard, to commemorate her 59 years of service at the Macrossan post office. The cordless pyramid switchboard was removed when Macrossan became an automatic exchange in March 1986. The busiest time with telephone communications for Kate was when the Second Field Supply Battalion of the Royal Australian Air Force and the army established bases at Macrossan during World War II. The bases were connected to the Macrossan telephone exchange. The first subscriber to be linked to the exchange was Fanning Downs Station.\nThe population of Macrossan fluctuated over time with the most significant decrease occurring in 1928 when the Burdekin Meatworks closed. The number of residents went from 300 to 30. In 1961 the town was once again revived when 300 to 400 men moved into the district to construct the new railway bridge and traffic bridge, which took approximately 6 years. Macrossan now only consists of 10 families.\nWhen she was 7 years old Kate had her leg amputated as a result of being bitten by a Black Whip snake when living near Ingham. Doctors told her parents that she would not live past 14, but the indomitable Kate proved them wrong and lived to 4 days short of her 100th birthday. She married Thomas William Cable, a direct descendant of Henry Cable and Susannah Holmes, convicts sent to Botany Bay in 1788. A parcel of goods valued at \u00a320 belonging to the couple was plundered on the voyage, and Cable won damages of \u00a315 against the captain, Duncan Sinclair, of the Alexander, in the first civil suit heard in New South Wales.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/townsville-bulletin-16-march-1990\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/townsville-bulletin-9-july-1999-p-3\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/the-northern-miner-9-july-1999-p-8\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/", "Archival Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/private-collection-of-carrie-bell-granddaughter-of-kate-cable\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Attwood, Julie Maree", "Entry ID": "PR00257", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/attwood-julie-maree\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Bundaberg, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Parliamentarian", "Summary": "Julie Attwood is an Australian Labor Party member (MP) of the Queensland Parliament for the seat of Mount Ommaney. She was elected 13 June 1998. Julie is currently Parliamentary Secretary to the Queensland Treasurer. Prior to her parliamentary career Julie was a manager at the Commonwealth Employment Service at Indooroopilly. She has a Graduate Diploma of Case Management and Client Service with Deakin University in Melbourne, Victoria.\n", "Details": "Julie Attwood is actively involved in many local organisations and issues. She is a member of the Community Advisory Committee at Sir David Longland and Wolston Correctional Centres and the Juvenile Detention Centre,\u00a0in Brisbane, Queensland. Julie volunteers as a pastoral care worker at the Canossa Aged Care Complex in Brisbane and as a community speaker for the Queensland Cancer Fund. Julie is on the Branch Council of the Scout Association of Australia,\u00a0Queensland Branch Inc. and assists Guides Queensland with their \"Women of Substance\" mentoring program. She is also patron of many local organisations such as the Centenary and Districts Chamber of Commerce, the Centenary Meals on Wheels, Corinda State School Parents and Citizens, the Oxley Swimming Club, West Brisbane Falcons Basketball Club, the Centenary Junior Rugby League Club, Centenary Suburbs RSL Sub Branch, Centenary Table Tennis Association, and Centenary State High School P&C.\nHer Parliamentary Service includes the following:\n\nMember, Estimates Committee E, 2008\nParliamentary Secretary to the Treasurer from 13 September 2007.\nParliamentary Secretary to the Minister for Child Safety 21 September 2006 - 13 September 2007.\nChair, Estimates Committee G, 2006.\nChair, Estimates Committee B, 2005. \nChair, Estimates Committee B, 2004. \nChair, Estimates Committee F, 2003. \nChair, Members' Ethics and Parliamentary Privileges Committee 3 May 2001 - 15 August 2006. \nChair, Estimates Committee G, 2001. \nMember, Members' Ethics and Parliamentary Privileges Committee 30 July 1998 - 23 January 2001. \nChair, Estimates Committee C 2000, Member 1998 and 1999\n\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/attwood-julie-maree-2\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/julie-attwood-state-member-for-mt-ommaney\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Barry, Veronica Lesley", "Entry ID": "PR00259", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/barry-veronica-lesley\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Blackall, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Nurse, Parliamentarian", "Summary": "Veronica Lesley (\"Bonny\") Barry was an Australian Labor Party member for the seat of Aspley. She was elected to the Queensland Legislative Assembly in 2001 and was Parliamentary Secretary to the Minister for Education and Training and Minister for the Arts, Rod Welford. Barry lost her seat in the state election held 21 March 2009. Veronica is a registered nurse with over twenty years experience.\n", "Details": "Career Highlights:\n\nAustralian Labor Party Caucus Chair from 28 March 2001\nTemporary Speaker from 28 September 2005\n\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/barry-veronica-lesley-bonny\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Bligh, Anna Maria", "Entry ID": "PR00264", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/bligh-anna-maria\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Warwick, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Chief Executive Officer, Parliamentarian, State Premier", "Summary": "Anna Maria Bligh was elected as Premier of Queensland on 21 March 2009, thus becoming the first woman in Australia to be elected in her own right as Premier. She was sworn in as Premier of Queensland on 13 September 2007, following the resignation of Peter Beattie, and was then Queensland's first female Premier, a position she held until Labor's electoral defeat in 2012. She was appointed Deputy Premier of Queensland in July 2005 - the same month she celebrated 10 years as Member for South Brisbane. As Deputy Premier she was also Treasurer and Minister for Infrastructure, running the $33 billion Queensland State Budget and leading construction of the $9 billion South-East Queensland Water Grid.\nShe was formerly Minister for Finance, State Development, Trade and Innovation. Prior to that she was Queensland's first female Education Minister spending almost 5 years overseeing the most significant reforms to the State's education system including the introduction of a preparatory year of schooling and requirements for all young people to be \"learning or earning\". During that time she also had responsibilities for the Arts portfolio, overseeing construction of the Millennium Arts Precinct. Following the election of the Beattie Labor Government in June 1998, her first ministerial responsibility was as Minister for Families, Youth and Community Care and Disability Services.\nIn 2017, Anna Bligh was made a Companion in the General Division of the order of Australia 'for eminent service to the Parliament of Queensland, particularly as Premier, to infrastructure development and education reform, as an advocate for the role of women in public life, and to the not for-profit sector'.\n", "Details": "Anna\u00a0Bligh grew up on the Gold Coast, attending Catholic primary schools and Miami State High School, before completing the last six months of her schooling at Nowra State High School. Prior to her election, on 15 July 1995,\u00a0she worked in many community organisations and in the Queensland Public Service, in employment, training and industrial relations policy. Ms Bligh graduated with an Arts Degree from University of Queensland in 1980. Ms Bligh and her family have lived in South Brisbane for more than 20 years. She is married to Greg Withers, a senior public servant, with whom she has two sons, Joe and Oliver. Apart from spending time with her family, Ms Bligh's hobbies include running, reading, and cooking.\nParliamentary Service includes:\n\nPremier of Queensland from 13 September 2007. Elected as Premier 21 March 2009\nMember, Standing Orders Committee from 11 October 2006\nDeputy Premier, Treasurer and Minister for Infrastructure 13 September 2006 - 13 September 2007\nDeputy Premier, Treasurer and Minister for State Development, Trade and Innovation 2 February 2006 - 13 September 2006\nDeputy Premier and Minister for Finance, Minister for State Development, Trade and Innovation 28 July 2005 - 2 February 2006\nMinister for Education and The Arts 12 February 2004 - 28 July 2005\nMinister for Education 22 February 2001 - 12 February 2004 (first woman in Queensland to become Education Minister)\nLeader of Government Parliamentary Business 22 March 2001 - 9 August 2005\nMember, Standing Orders Committee 3 May 2001 - 15 August 2006\nMinister for Families, Youth and Community Care and Minister for Disability Services 29 June 1998 - 22 February 2001\nShadow Minister for Families, Youth and Community Care 17 December 1996 - 26 June 1998\nMember, Estimates Committee G 1997\nShadow Minister for Public Works, Administrative Services and Public Service Matters 27 February 1996 - 17 December 1996\nMember, Estimates Committee F 1996\nMember, Legal, Constitutional and Administrative Review Committee 15 September 1995 - 2 April 1996.\n\nParty activity includes:\n\nMember State Administrative Committee\nMember Labor Women's Organisation\nState Conference Delegate\nBranch President, Kurilpa (1993-1995)\nBranch Secretary, Fairfield (1987-1988)\nConvenor Social Justice Policy Committee (1991-1994)\nState Council Delegate.\n\nAfter her resignation from the Queensland parliament in 2012, she was appointed CEO of the YWCA NSW in 2014, then CEO of the Australian Banking Association in 2017.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/mending-matters-an-anthology-of-reflections-and-flights-of-fantasy-prompted-by-one-hundred-years-of-womens-suffrage\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/premier-anna-bligh-biography\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/no-ordinary-lives-pioneering-women-in-australian-politics\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/the-encyclopedia-of-women-and-leadership-in-twentieth-century-australia\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Marlay, Elaine", "Entry ID": "PR00312", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/marlay-elaine\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Coorparoo, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia", "Death Place": "South Brisbane, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Academic, Dentist", "Summary": "Appointed as temporary lecturer in the department of dentistry, University of Queensland, in 1961, Mrs Marlay joined the department staff in 1965 as lecturer in oral biology. She was awarded a Ph.D. in 1969 for a study of the incident of dental caries in adolescent girls; her project also contributed to knowledge about tests of buffering capacity of saliva and the ability to predict dental caries increments. On 1 January 1971 Dr Marlay was made a senior lecturer.\n", "Details": "On 6 August 1943 at St John's Anglican Cathedral, Elaine Wilson married Mervyn Marlay, a 24-year-old soldier in the Australian Imperial Force. When the war ended, her husband's employment in banking took them to various country centres where she worked as a part-time or full-time dentist. In the late 1950s they settled in Brisbane.\nThroughout her professional career, Marlay endeavoured to further her education and to promote the role of women in a male-dominated profession. A skilled and persuasive debater, she was president (for two years) of the Amara Study Group, a society of female dentists. In 1975 she contributed a chapter on women in dentistry to a book commemorating International Women's year. Taking study leave in 1976, she examined schemes for the continuing education of women dentists in the United States of America, Europe and England, and presented a report recommending that similar measures be implemented in Australia. While abroad, she represented the Australian Committee on Overseas Professional Qualifications as an official visitor to dental schools at universities in Paris.\nFollowing several years of research and consultation, Marlay completed the final draft of History of Dental Education in Queensland 1863-1964 (Brisbane, 1979). Despite holding strong views on the changes that had occurred in the university's department of dentistry from the time she had graduated, she refrained from expressing her opinions in writing 'because she was part of the history she recorded'. The department published her book after her death.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/a-history-of-dental-education-in-queensland-1863-1964\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/university-news-10-october-1979\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/university-news-18-may-1977\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/marlay-elaine-1915-1977\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/", "Archival Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/elaine-marlay-papers\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "McWhinney, Agnes", "Entry ID": "PR00323", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/mcwhinney-agnes\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Ravenswood Junction, Queensland, Australia", "Death Place": "Brisbane, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Lawyer, Solicitor", "Summary": "Following the introduction of the Legal Practitioners Act of 1905, Agnes McWhinney became the first Queensland woman to be admitted as a legal practitioner in 1915. Agnes was also the first female solicitor to practise in Queensland.\n", "Details": "Agnes McWhinney wanted to be a doctor after she graduated from Townsville Grammar School. The nearest medical school was in Sydney and very expensive, therefore Agnes was persuaded by her brother Joseph, who had nearly completed his Articles of Clerkship in Townsville at Wilson and Ryan, solicitors, to take articles herself. In 1910 Wilson and Ryan accepted Agnes as an articled clerk which was a revolutionary step at the time.\nNorthern Supreme Court Judge Mr Justice Pope Cooper was not impressed with the idea of a woman entering his legal profession and became distinctly choleric at the very mention of her name. Ultimately he was unable to fault her qualifications and conduct and found himself powerless to find any basis on which to refuse her admission. On 7 December 1915 Agnes was admitted to practise as a solicitor which was sufficient to make her a part of Australian history.\nAgnes undertook work of the same complexity and importance as that of her colleagues, however, she was paid the same as the unqualified office boy. Agnes did not stand for her bosses' discrimination and her persistent protests resulted in her wage rising to 3 pounds ten shillings per week. Agnes continued to practise as a solicitor with the firm until 1919 when she married Lowell Mason Osborne on 23 March 1920. After her marriage Agnes did not undertake paid employment again but used her skills in community service. The Queensland Law Society's award, which commemorates 100 years of women in the law, is named in honour of Agnes McWhinney.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/agnes-mcwhinney\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/agnes-mcwhinney-2\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/agnes-mcwhinney-1891-1987\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/australian-women-lawyers-as-active-citizens\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Prentice, Una Gailey", "Entry ID": "PR00330", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/prentice-una-gailey\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Brisbane, Queensland, Australia", "Death Place": "Brisbane, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Lawyer", "Summary": "Una Prentice (nee Bick) was the first woman law graduate admitted to the Bar of the Queensland Supreme Court, first woman admitted to the Bar of the High Court, and first female Commonwealth Prosecutor.\n", "Details": "Having already completed her Bachelor of Arts, Una Prentice (nee Bick) was one of four people to enrol in the newly established law course at the University of Queensland in 1936. On 29 April 1938 Una Prentice became the first female graduate from the Faculty of Law at the University of Queensland. Over the next two years legal firms showed no interest in her, as either a solicitor or barrister. Finally Una received an offer from the University of Queensland to catalogue the vast book collection of Sir James Blair, who had just retired as Chief Justice. This collection became the nucleus of the Law Library of the University of Queensland.\nWhen World War II broke out, and because of an associated skills shortage, Una was offered a job with the Commonwealth Crown Solicitor. In 1942 she became the first female lawyer to be employed in the Department, performing legal duties as well as being the office bookkeeper. Despite her prestigious position, Una was paid as a typist - the only salary scale the department had for women. After a few years Una eventually was paid a proportion of the legal officer's scale.\nUna joined the Brisbane firm of Stephens & Tozer in 1946. She then became Australian President of the Business and Professional Women's Association and attended an international conference, touring England for eight months talking about the status of women in Australia. Una married Tony Prentice, a barrister, in 1946 and they both practised law until Una's legal career was cut short, due to the birth of their son Roger. With no provision for working mothers at that time, Una was contented to stay home and raise her son and actively involve herself in a number of community organisations.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/una-prentice\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/una-prentice-2\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/una-prentice-3\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/una-prentice-1913-1986-queenslands-first-law-school-graduate\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/law\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/australian-women-lawyers-as-active-citizens\/", "Archival Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/biographical-cuttings-on-una-prentice-dr-first-woman-to-graduate-in-law-from-the-university-of-queensland-containing-one-or-more-cuttings-from-newspapers-or-journals\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Cribb, Estelle", "Entry ID": "PR00340", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/cribb-estelle\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Ipswich, Queensland, Australia", "Death Place": "Ipswich, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Teacher", "Summary": "Estelle Cribb was a first day pupil at Ipswich Girls Grammar School (IGGS) in 1892. She was the first woman to study for a Master of Arts, with Honours in Mathematics, from the University of Sydney. She graduated in 1901. After obtaining an Honours Diploma in Education, she was appointed Mathematical Mistress at IGGS in 1903. She held the position for 35 years, retiring in 1938. Estelle Cribb was an active member of the IGGS Old Girls' Association, serving as President for 12 years. She was much loved and when she died on 5 November 1947 a memorial fund was established by the Old Girls' Association. In 1952 commemorative gates were unveiled at the front of IGGS, which still commemorate her\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/", "Archival Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/records-of-estelle-cribb\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/papers-of-estelle-cribb\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/om84-15-cribb-family-papers-1867-1947\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Miller, Olga Eunice", "Entry ID": "PR00345", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/miller-olga-eunice\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Maryborough, Queensland, Australia", "Death Place": "Maryborough, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Community worker, Environmentalist, Illustrator, Storyteller, Writer", "Summary": "Olga Miller was a direct descendant and Elder of the Butchulla people of Fraser Island. She was an Aboriginal historian who wrote about and taught Aboriginal culture for over 40 years.\nThe entry was written in consultation with family members.\n", "Details": "Olga was the youngest of seven children. Her father was a full blood Aborigine of the Butchulla people of Fraser Island and her grandfather, Willie Wondunna, was head of the Butchulla people. She spent her early life on Fraser Island but the family eventually moved to Maryborough for their children's education.\nThe Legends of Moonie Jarl (1964) was written by Olga's brother, Wilfred Reeves, while Olga was responsible for the illustrations in the book. Olga's other works include , Fraser Island Legends (1993), How the Water Got to the Plains (1997), Strings and Things from Long Ago and The Legend of Mount Bauple (2000). She published articles for school text books, wrote stories for animated films (Tree Duck, Butterfly, How the Water Got to the Plains, Why the Kookaburra Laughs) and wrote newspaper columns for the Maryborough Chronicle. Her work also included the Wide Bay Television presentations Legends of Our Land and Spotlight and presentations on Radio Maryborough (Legends of Our Land and This was our Town).\n\"Aunty\" Olga effectively established herself as a one woman lobby group for the well-being of Fraser Island. Politicians, developers, tourism operators and the National Parks and Wildlife Service all consulted her before doing anything which affected the Island's environment. She sat on boards and committees and kept a sharp eye on everything that happened there. She interpreted her protective role not in terms of possession but as a duty of care, a promise she had to keep to her grandfather and her people.\nOlga's chief concern was to establish more protection for Fraser Island by enforcing the rules about access to vulnerable or forbidden places, speed limits and environmental damage. She saw the need to preserve the middens and other significant relics from the destructive consequences of mass tourism. Her wish and her challenge were to share the extraordinary beauty of the island with the world without changing its fragile face.\nThe University of Southern Queensland (Fraser Coast Campus) established the Olga Miller Memorial book bursary in memory of Auntie Olga Miller. At least three bursaries are awarded annually and are available to Indigenous undergraduate students from the Fraser Coast Campus. Two bursaries are awarded to undergraduate students and one bursary is awarded to a Tertiary Preparation Program (TPP) or Indigenous Higher Education Pathways Program (IHEPP) student. At the end of 2008, the Olga Miller memorial garden was developed in the immediate surrounds of the newly constructed C block, at the Fraser Coast campus of the University of Southern Queensland.\nThe entry was written in consultation with family members.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/author-elder-awarded-honorary-degree\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/recognition-for-maryboroughs-achievers\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/", "Archival Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/descendants-of-the-butchulla-tribe-mrs-olga-miller\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/olga-miller\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Smith, Celia", "Entry ID": "PR00351", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/smith-celia\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Beaudesert, Queensland, Australia", "Death Place": "Brisbane, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Aboriginal rights activist, Community worker", "Summary": "Celia Smith was one of the unsung heroes of the early Aboriginal rights movement, helping hundreds obtain their social welfare rights, taking up their cases with politicians and bureaucrats. As an early member of the Queensland Council for the Advancement of Aborigines and Torres Strait Islanders (QCAATSI), Celia took over from poet Kath Walker as its honorary secretary. She was also a delegate to its federal counterpart, the Federal Council for the Advancement of Aborigines and Torres Strait Islanders (FCAATSI).\nFrom 1970 Celia wrote a regular column in the QCAATSI monthly newsletter in which she discussed issues of land rights, conditions on reserves, wages, and housing for Aborigines. She campaigned vigorously for a 'yes' vote in the successful 1967 referendum to empower the commonwealth government to legislate on Aboriginal affairs. She was often 'on duty' at the 'tent embassy' set up in 1974 at King George Square, Brisbane, to publicise the need for more Aboriginal housing in the city and to protest against the State's repressive Aborigines and Torres Strait Islander Affair Act in 1965. In the 1970s Celia belonged to the Queensland branch of the Union of Australian Women, and kept the organisation informed of matters affecting Aborigines.\nThis entry has been made in accordance with the appropriate family protocols.\n", "Details": "Celia Hatton was one of five children of Aboriginal parents William 'Pompey' Hatton, an initiated man, and his wife Dorothy 'Dolly' Tate, one of the Stolen Generation. Dolly was taken from her family in Tambo when only five years old to be trained as a domestic in a Brisbane Catholic girls school. Celia grew up in Dalby and at 18 gave birth to Charles, the son of Charles Banks, however they never married. In 1932 she married Ernie Smith and the couple moved to Toowoomba, a town steeped in racism at that time. Celia and Ernie separated after 8 years of marriage, leaving Celia to raise four children on her own.\nCelia and the children moved into a house in Fortitude Valley, where Celia eked out a living on a deserted wife's pension, supplementing her income with sewing. Well loved and widely known, 'Aunty' Celia helped the growing urban Aboriginal community in practical ways with fundraising, food, shelter and clothing. Celia Smith spent a lifetime giving and her home was always open to those in need. She died of renal failure in Brisbane on Christmas Eve 1980.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/talking-about-celia-community-and-family-memories-of-celia-smith\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/celia-smith-1912-1980-aboriginal-rights-activist\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/sunday-mail-28-december-1980\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/smith-cecilia-1911-1981\/", "Archival Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/u-a-w-news-union-of-australian-women\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Don, Ruth Edith", "Entry ID": "PR00360", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/don-ruth-edith\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Plainland?, Queensland, Australia", "Death Place": "Brisbane, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Teacher, Trade unionist", "Summary": "Ruth Don was the first Senior Mistress of a Queensland high school, as well as the first female Principal of the Domestic Science High School and of Brisbane's Office Training College. She also became the Queensland Teachers Union's first female president. Ruth was founding president of the Forum Club in Brisbane.\n", "Details": "Ruth Don was born into a family of teachers; her father Alex had served as a Queensland Teachers Union president in the 1920s. In 1925 she completed her Bachelor of Arts degree at the University of Queensland. Following a string of temporary appointments, in 1934 Ruth secured a teaching position at the State Commercial High School on George Street in Brisbane where the Queensland University of technology (QUT) now stands. She later became the first Senior Mistress of a Queensland high school in 1954.\nAdditionally, Ruth Don, along with two other university graduates, formed the Forum Club in 1941. She took on the position of founding president of the Forum Club, which sought to encourage women to find their voice as public speakers and learn how to run meetings effectively. Participation in the Forum Club provided Ruth with valuable experience for her later role as a union representative.\nThroughout her 40-year teaching career, Ruth was disappointed to encounter so many inequalities penalising female teachers. Her experiences in varied locations provided her with great insights for arguing for better working conditions for women. She was an instrumental player in advocating equal pay for women in the teaching field. Ruth was actively involved in the Queensland Teachers Union (QTU) and, in 1951 she became its first female president. In 1962, Ruth represented the QTU on the Equal Pay Committee, led by the State Service Union. It was not until 1967 that the Arbitration Commission accepted evidence that female teachers should be paid the same rate as male teachers. Ruth retired in 1968 and, just one year later, equal pay for all teachers was initiated by the Queensland Education Department.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/ruth-don-1902-2003\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/ruth-don-1902-2003-2\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/", "Archival Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/biographical-cuttings-on-ruth-don-teacher-containing-one-or-more-cuttings-from-newspapers-or-journals\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Tweddell, Joyce", "Entry ID": "PR00381", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/tweddell-joyce\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Spring Hill, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia", "Death Place": "Caloundra, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Army Nurse, Nurse", "Summary": "During World War II, Joyce Tweddell became a prisoner of war (POW) when she was captured, together with many other nurses, by the Japanese after the fall of Singapore in February 1942. She was interned in Sumatra for three and a half years before her recovery from the camp at the cessation of the war.\nShe refused to accept the honour of an MBE in the early 1970s as she believed all surviving prisoners of war should have been awarded this honour.\n", "Details": "Joyce went to school at Petrie Terrace State School and Brisbane State High School. After school she worked and completed courses at Nunns & Trivetts Secretarial School before turning 18, and thus became eligible to enter nursing. She loved to go bushwalking and made the three day trip on horseback to O'Reilly's Guest Lodge many times.\nJoyce trained as a nurse in Brisbane, graduated from general training on 4 April 1939 and joined the staff of Brisbane General Hospital (now Royal Brisbane Hospital). She also completed a Therapy Radiography course, which was unusual at the time because it was necessary to have studied physics and chemistry at school, and although this was a rare achievement for a female at the time, Joyce had done so. She received her results for this course after she returned from the war. Her mother received her qualifications while Joyce was interned.\nJoyce Tweddell enlisted in the Australian Army Nursing Service (AANS) on 17 January 1941 and was ordered to active service in the 2\/10th Australian General Hospital.\u00a0She embarked on the Queen Mary for Singapore on 14 February 1941.\u00a0She was aboard the Vyner Brooke, the last of three ships that left for Australia after the fall of Singapore on 12 February 1942. The Vyner Brooke was bombed in the Bangka Strait on 14 February 1942, and sank in approximately 15 minutes (a direct hit down a funnel exploded the bottom of the ship). The Japanese then returned and began firing machine guns at the survivors in the water. She and the surviving nurses and patients made for shore, and spent at least a day in the water. Many of their number were killed in the blast, shot in the water or drowned. To keep up their spirits, with no land in sight, they sang \"We're Off to see the Wizard\" over and over again as they floated and kicked while holding a piece of board. They landed on Bangka Island. Joyce was captured, together with many other nurses, by the Japanese after the fall of Singapore in February 1942 and held as a prisoner of war in Sumatra for three years.\u00a0She was promoted to Lieutenant in December 1943.\nDuring captivity Joyce and the other prisoners lived in a series of prison camps starting at Muntok, then on to Palembang in Sumatra, to a camp in the jungle and finally to Loebok Linggau where they remained until found a month after the Japanese surrender. Of the 32 nurses that were captured, 8 died whilst prisoners of war.\u00a0 Those left suffered from lack of food, fought and recovered from the many diseases such as malaria, beriberi, Bangka fever and scurvy and they survived the way they were treated by the Japanese.\u00a0\u00a0 Though the Second World War ended on15 August 1945, the prison camps were not informed of this until 24 August. The whereabouts of their final camp was unknown until locals mentioned seeing women working in the jungle, and led them to the camp.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\nJoyce was recovered from the Japanese camp at 5am on 5 September 1945 and evacuated to a Singapore hospital.\u00a0She returned to Australia on the hospital ship Manunda arriving in Australia on 27 October 1945. She was admitted to the Margate Convalescent Home on her return to Brisbane. From her internment she had contracted Malaria, Beri Beri, Chronic Amoebic Dysentery and Residual Debility.\nJoyce was discharged from the Army on 27 June 1946. She was employed by the Royal Brisbane Hospital as second in charge of the Radiography Unit and remained in that unit until her retirement as Queensland's Chief Radiographer.\nJoyce retired from nursing in 1979 and took to travelling in earnest, usually with Flo Syer (nee Trotter) who had been interned also. Joyce never married. In 1993 Joyce and six of the surviving POW nurses returned to dedicate a memorial on Radji Beach, Bangka Island. Present on 2 March 1993 were Janet P. 'Pat' Gunther, Florence 'Flo' Syer, Jean 'Jennie' Ashton, Mavis Allgrove, Vivian Bullwinkel, Wilma Oram and Joyce Tweddell, as well as a group of Red Cross Nurses, relatives of some of the nurses who perished and supporting personnel.\nThe Royal Brisbane Hospital honoured Joyce by naming one of their new buildings after her. The Joyce Tweddell Building houses the Infectious Diseases Unit, Cancer Care Unit, Radiation Oncology Unit and the Bone Marrow Transplant Unit.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/heroic-australian-women-in-war-astonishing-tales-of-bravery-from-gallipoli-to-kokoda\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/tweddell-joyce-service-record\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/the-australian-ex-prisoners-of-war-memorial\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/sister-sylvia-muir-and-joyce-tweddell-1941\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/", "Archival Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/tweddell-joyce-members-folder-second-world-war-queensland-army-personnel-qfx\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/group-portrait-in-the-hospital-grounds-of-original-australian-army-nursing-service-aans-staff-and-three-physiotherapists-who-sailed-from-sydney-in-january-1941-to-staff-the-2-10th-australian-general\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/tweddell-joyce-service-number-qx19070-date-of-birth-03-jul-1916-place-of-birth-brisbane-qld-place-of-enlistment-brisbane-qld-next-of-kin-tweddell-rose\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/group-portrait-of-australian-army-nursing-service-aans-nurses-who-were-former-prisoners-of-war-pows-ob-board-the-hospital-ship-manunda-on-its-arrival-in-australia\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Muir, Sylvia Jessie Mimmi", "Entry ID": "PR00388", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/muir-sylvia-jessie-mimmi\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Longreach, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Army Nurse, Nurse", "Summary": "During World War II, Sylvia Muir, along with fellow Queensland Joyce Tweddell, became a prisoner of war (POW) when she was captured, together with many other nurses, by the Japanese after the fall of Singapore in February 1942. She was interned in Sumatra for three and a half years before her recovery from the camp at the cessation of the war.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/sister-sylvia-muir-and-joyce-tweddell-1941\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/found\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/heroic-australian-women-in-war-astonishing-tales-of-bravery-from-gallipoli-to-kokoda\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/muir-sylvia-service-record\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/the-australian-ex-prisoners-of-war-memorial\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/", "Archival Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/biographical-cuttings-on-sylvia-muir-former-nursing-sister-japanese-pow-containing-one-or-more-cuttings-from-newspapers-or-journals\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/muir-sylvia-jessie-mimmi-service-number-qx22816-date-of-birth-24-aug-1915-place-of-birth-longreach-qld-place-of-enlistment-brisbane-qld-next-of-kin-macgregor-c\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/lieutenant-sylvia-muir-australian-army-nursing-service\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/group-portrait-in-the-hospital-grounds-of-original-australian-army-nursing-service-aans-staff-and-three-physiotherapists-who-sailed-from-sydney-in-january-1941-to-staff-the-2-10th-australian-general\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/group-portrait-of-australian-army-nursing-service-aans-nurses-who-were-former-prisoners-of-war-pows-ob-board-the-hospital-ship-manunda-on-its-arrival-in-australia\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "O'Donnell, Ellen", "Entry ID": "PR00393", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/odonnell-ellen\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Ipswich, Queensland, Australia", "Death Place": "Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Policewoman", "Summary": "In 1931, Ellen O'Donnell, along with Zara Dare, became Queensland's first female police officer, serving with the service for nearly 31 years. As Ellen was never officially sworn in as an officer, she did not wear a uniform or receive officer's wages. She also was never part of the superannuation scheme. Her duties were restricted to assisting lost children, escorting female prisoners, and working with victims of domestic and sexual violence. Queensland's decision to allow female officers into the police service was extremely controversial, with opinions divided across the state.\n", "Details": "The National Council of Women of Queensland (NCWQ) in 1911 drew attention to the need for women and girls in Queensland to be better served in matters of crime. There were no female police officers in Australia at the time and the NCWQ called for women, experienced and educated in social work, to be given the status of police officers. The appointment of two female police in New South Wales in 1915 was not enough to encourage the Queensland Commissioner of Police William Cahill to follow suit. By 1917 Queensland was the only state without female police. Newspapers and community groups began asking why. The Queensland Country Women's Association (QCWA), the Roman Catholic Archbishop of Brisbane, James Duhig, the NCWQ and the Queensland Women's Electoral League (QWEL) all called for the appointment of women in policing.\nIt was not until Irene Longman was elected to State Parliament in 1929 that the opposition to female police began to be broken down. As past president of the NCWQ and a member of the QWEL, Irene made a submission to cabinet in 1930, outlining the necessity for women to handle sensitive cases such as children, girls and women who have been involved in sexual assault cases. Although the decision was not unanimous, Cabinet consented to the appointment of women in the police force.\nEllen O'Donnell, along with Zara Dare, accepted the offer of positions and the women were based at the Roma Street police station. When the time came to review their appointments and make them permanent, the Police commissioner William Ryan stated that they were well paid for the job they were doing, and although there was nothing under the Police Act 1898 to stop them from being sworn in, he considered that their swearing in would reduce the number of male police constables by two. Ellen kept her job by agreeing not to be sworn in. She never received the pay allowances and privileges of her fellow police, nor superannuation.\nThe NCWQ continued to lobby to have Ellen and Zara made permanent, but Police Commissioner Ryan made it clear that if they were not satisfied, they were free to resign at any time. Ellen remained in the force until her retirement in 1962, working the entire time at Roma Street police station. Queensland police women were eventually sworn in three years after Ellen retired - in 1965.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/50-firsts-queensland-policewomen-at-work\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/ellen-odonnell-and-zara-dare-queenslands-first-policewomen\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/odonnell-ellen-2\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/journey-to-equality-an-illustrated-history-of-women-in-the-queensland-police\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/", "Archival Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/administration-file-police\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/police-service-file\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Robinson, Nellie Elizabeth", "Entry ID": "PR00420", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/robinson-nellie-elizabeth\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Toowoomba, Queensland, Australia", "Death Place": "Toowoomba, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Mayor, Radio presenter, Teacher", "Summary": "Nellie Robinson was elected as Alderman to the Toowoomba Council in 1961. In 1967 she was elected mayor of Toowoomba, thus becoming Queensland's first female mayor. Nellie served the state for 14 years. The Queen's New Year Honours list in 1979 made her an officer of the Order of the British Empire for \"distinguished service to local government\".\n", "Details": "Nellie Robinson was educated at North State School, Glennie Memorial School and St. Hilda's at Southport. In the 1930s she commenced a 3 year course at the Royal Academy of Dramatic Art in London. Without completing the course Nellie returned to Toowoomba at the outbreak of World War II. She taught briefly at Fairholme, and then became a driver with the Women's Voluntary Auxiliary for the remainder of the war. Next she joined radio station 4GR for a short time, before moving to 2LM Lismore where she established her own women's session on air.\nNellie then joined her father's grocery business which she carried on after his death in 1949, only selling it in 1967 when she was elected mayor of Toowoomba. She was President of the committee which raised funds to build the Senior Citizens' clubrooms in Victoria Street & was dedicated to the development of East Creek Park. A Park on the southern side of Toowoomba is named in her honour. Miss Robinson had a particular interest in dramatic art and cultural activities and was a trustee of the Toowoomba Regional Art Gallery and was actively involved in the Toowoomba Repertory Company. Nell Robinson retired in 1981 because of ill-health.\nShe passed away on 19th September 1992 & is buried at the Drayton and Toowoomba Cemetery. The Robinson Collection within the Toowoomba City Library is so named because of a generous twenty thousand dollar bequest from Miss Robinson.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/nellie-e-robinson-queenslands-first-lady-mayor\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/nellie-robinson\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "McConnel, Ursula Hope", "Entry ID": "PR00471", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/mcconnel-ursula-hope\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Cressbrook, near Toogoolawah, Queensland, Australia", "Death Place": "Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Anthropologist, Photographer", "Summary": "Ursula McConnel is recognised as an influential anthropologist of the Cape York Peninsula and a talented amateur photographer. McConnel used her photographs to illustrate publications of her research in magazines and ethnographic journals such as Oceania and Walkabout. She was also a collector of Indigenous artefacts.\nContent added for original entry by Lee Butterworth, last modified 11 June 2009\nAs one of the first students of A. R. Radcliffe-Brown's Australian tenureship, Ursula McConnel conducted ethnographic fieldwork as a participant-observer in western Cape York Peninsula between 1927 and 1934. She worked chiefly among the Wik peoples, particularly the Wik Mungkan based at Aurukun Mission. As part of her anthropological study McConnel amassed a substantial material culture collection of over five hundred artefacts. Together with Donald Thomson's collection from the same area, it forms a unique record of Wik Mungkan material culture from that period. In 2006 a large collection of professional papers belonging to Ursula was discovered and donated to the South Australian Museum.\n", "Details": "Ursula McConnel was an academic and a talented amateur photographer who used her photographs to illustrate her articles, which were published in magazines and ethnographic journals such as Walkabout.\nUrsula Hope McConnel was born at Cressbrook, Queensland on 27 October 1888. The eighth child of ten, her parents were James Henry McConnel and Mary Elizabeth (n\u00e9e Kent). They were farmers and graziers. She attended the Brisbane High School for Girls and went on to the New England Girls School in Armidale, NSW. A gifted student, she obtained first class honours in Philosophy at the University of Queensland. In 1905 she went to London where she took classes in history, literature and music at King's College. Two years later in 1897 she returned to Australia and enrolled at the University of Queensland, where she completed a Bachelor of Arts (Hons) in 1918 and an MA with first class honours in 1921. Following this, in 1923 McConnel began a PhD in anthropology at University College in London, under the supervision of (Sir) Grafton Elliot Smith and William Perry. However, she did not complete her doctorate due to ill health and loneliness, and in 1926 returned to Australia. This was to prove a fateful decision, since it prevented her from ever attaining an academic position. She subsequently studied at the University of Sydney under the anthropologist Alfred Radcliff-Browne, who trained her in the techniques of fieldwork.\nWorking under Radcliffe-Brown, the focus of her academic endeavour was an ethnographic study of the Aboriginal people of the people of the Cape York Peninsula and their culture. Beginning in 1927 she undertook five field trips to the Cape York Peninsula and conducted research into the Wik Mungkan. As part of her research project she took numerous photographs documenting the people and their artefacts. Joan Kerr in Heritage: The National Women's Art Book has suggested that these photographs differ little from those taken by other male academics. She adds that there was little interest in women's issues within the scholarly world at the time (Kerr 106). One such photograph is Food is carried in Dilly Bags Suspended from the Forehead' (1936). Used to illustrate her article 'Cape York Peninsula: Development and Control,' it made no mention of women's work, its only focus being the artefacts. She used the same photograph for her article 'Inspiration and Design in Aboriginal Art.'\nMcConnel's more 'private, informal photographs,' however, told a very different story to the official photographs. From these it is clear that she did indeed develop a particular interest in women's artefacts and women's business. The same photographs also show a more personal response to her sitters, their relaxed faces and postures reflecting the connection that had formed between her and the Indigenous people she met.\nMcConnel published Myths of the Munkan (Melbourne, 1957) as well as numerous articles, many of which were published in Oceania and Walkabout. She was also a collector of Indigenous artefacts; these are held by a number of museums in Australia. While still working in Cape York, McConnel was awarded a Rockefeller fellowship to study under Edward Sapir at Yale University. Sapir was the pioneer of anthropological linguistics and this was consequently to become an important component of her fieldwork alongside photographic documentation and the collection and description of artefacts.\nMcConnel never married, despite her striking good looks. At a time when most women were dependent financially on husbands, she made enough money to support herself through her investment in wool bonds and was able to retire in the mid-1930s. For the next 20 years she lived in Creswell. She died suddenly of a brain haemorrhage aged 69 in Brisbane on 6 November 1957.\nSadly, academic recognition of and respect for her achievements only came after her death. Today, along with the work of Donald Thomson, her publications form the foundations of present-day anthropological research on Western Cape York Peninsula.\nCollections\nMcConnel Collection, South Australian Museum\nMitchell Library, State Library of New South Wales\nSouth Australia Museum Archives\nUrsula McConnel Collection, National Museum Australia\nContent added for original entry by Lee Butterworth, last modified 11 June 2009\nUrsula Hope McConnel was born on the family property, Cressbrook, at Toogolawah, Queensland, to James Henry McConnel and Mary Elizabeth, n\u00e9e Kent. \u00a0Her aunt, Mary Bundock, later Mrs Murray-Prior, was a significant early collector of Aboriginal artefacts from the Richmond River district of New South Wales and may have encouraged Ursula in developing a professional interest in the Aboriginal people of Queensland.\nAfter school at The Brisbane High School for Girls (Somerville House), and the New England Girls Grammar School, Armidale (New South Wales), Ursula went to London. She took courses in history, politics, literature and music between 1905 and 1907 at the women's department, King's College. Ursula enrolled at the University of Queensland in 1913, graduating BA with first class honours in 1918. She was appointed honorary demonstrator in the Philosophy Department where her brother-in-law, Elton Mayo, was professor. In 1922 she returned to London and enrolled as a PhD student in cultural anthropology at University College, London.\nIn 1926 McConnel abandoned her thesis and returned to Australia to commence fieldwork among Aboriginal Australians in North Queensland with Professor Radcliffe-Brown of Sydney University. She stayed at the Presbyterian Mission at Aurukun as the guest of Reverend William and Geraldine (Gerry) Mackenzie, the friends and helpers of Frances Derham. McConnel, however, was publicly critical of the mission, and as a result she and other anthropologists were banned from it. In 1930 she received a grant from the Australian National Research Council and went to Cairns. From there, she and her friend Margaret Spence returned on horseback to Cape York, despite mission opposition. Although she published scholarly articles in Oceania and was awarded a Rockefeller Fellowship to study under Edward Sapir at Yale University, Connecticut, United States of Americia in 1931, she was excluded from academic employment (which she bitterly resented) and denied a PhD on the grounds of insufficient publications.\nWhen research and fieldwork funding also dried up in the late 1930s, McConnel went into semi-retirement. She purchased a house at Eagle Heights, south of Brisbane in the late 1940s and continued to write up her field data on the Wik-Mungkana for publication, producing her book, Myths of the Munkan (1957), with help from her friend the poet Judith Wright, in the year of her death. The importance of McConnel's scholarly contribution was recognized after her death. With those of Donald Thomson, her publications form the foundations of present-day anthropological research on Western Cape York Peninsula. She had devoted much of her life to this endeavour, driven by a sense of duty and justice towards the Aboriginals with whom she had worked.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/native-arts-and-industries-on-the-archer-kendall-and-holroyd-rivers-cape-york-peninsula-north-queensland\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/myths-of-the-munkan\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/the-snake-the-serpent-and-the-rainbow-ursula-mcconnel-and-aboriginal-australians\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/mcconnel-ursula-hope-1888-1957\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/surprise-discovery-of-early-anthropological-papers-in-adelaide\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/cape-york-peninsula-development-and-control\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/ursula-mcconnel-2\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/journeys-to-the-interior\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/feminist-anthropology-thesis-topic-re-reading-australian-women-ethnographers-a-feminist-appraisal-of-the-anthropological-work-of-phyllis-kaberry-olive-pink-and-ursula-mcconnel-in-the-1930s\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/brilliant-careers-women-collectors-and-illustrators-in-queensland\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/first-in-their-field-women-and-australian-anthropology\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/only-sticks-and-bark-ursula-mcconnel-her-collecting-and-collection\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/ursula-mcconnel-a-woman-of-vision\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/ursula-mcconnel-the-archaeology-of-an-anthropologist\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/ethnographic-artifacts-and-value-transformations\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/australian-anthropologists-and-political-action-1925-1960\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/unexpected-treasure-surprise-discovery-of-early-anthropological-papers-by-ursula-mcconnel-in-adelaide\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/ursula-mcconnels-tin-trunk-a-remarkable-recovery\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/ursula-mcconnel-3\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/heritage-the-national-womens-art-book-500-works-by-500-australian-women-artists-from-colonial-times-to-1955\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/perhaps-if-there-had-been-more-women-in-the-north-the-story-would-have-been-different-gender-and-race-in-north-queensland-1840-1930\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/the-encyclopedia-of-women-and-leadership-in-twentieth-century-australia\/", "Archival Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/sir-john-burton-cleland-1878-1971-papers-principally-relating-to-anthropology-and-medicine\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/letters-from-ursula-mcconnel-to-fry\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/oceania-vol-xxl\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/ursula-mcconnel\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/mcconnel-ursula-hope-aa-191\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "McConnel, May Jordan", "Entry ID": "PR00479", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/mcconnel-may-jordan\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "?, Queensland, Australia", "Death Place": "?, California, United States of America", "Occupations": "Nurse, Suffragist, Teacher, Union organiser", "Summary": "May Jordan McConnel was the first paid female union organiser in Queensland, elected Secretary of the newly-formed Tailoresses Union on 5 August 1890. The Brisbane Women's Union met for the first time on 27 August 1890 and discussions focused on securing fair wages, fair hours and equitable conditions in the workplace for women. In Brisbane on 17 December 1893, May delivered an address to suffrage supporters, celebrating New Zealand women's success in attaining the right to vote. In February 1894, a public meeting was held and the Woman's Equal Franchise Association, a strong supporter of women's suffrage, was founded. May was elected as Treasurer. In 1910, the McConnel family left Brisbane for the United States, leaving their Indooroopilly house, 'Robgill', as a gift to Queensland. This house became the Methodist Church's first institutionalised home for orphans in the state - the original Queen Alexander Home for Children. The family never returned to Australia and May died in California in 1929.\n", "Details": "Mary Emma (May) Jordan was the eldest daughter of Henry Jordan, a medical missionary and dentist who became one of Queensland's first parliamentarians. May was qualified in both teaching and nursing. She taught at Petrie Terrace and South Brisbane state schools, both of which were attended by children from working class families. May's decision to fight for the rights of the working class is thought to have emanated from her teaching experiences.\nMay was the driving force behind the formation of the Brisbane Women's Union. It was founded among growing outrage over unsatisfactory working women's conditions and as a result of the intense lobbying of high profile supporters such as Emma Miller and William Lane, editor of the Worker newspaper. Unionism was a new concept and the advantages of fighting as a group, as opposed to one-on-one, was stressed to working women.\nDue to increased criticisms of unsafe workplaces and poor treatment of workers, the Queensland Government called a Royal Commission into Shops, Factories and Workshops. May, now married,\u00a0was included as a representative on the commission. The commission's report, of which May was a signatory, put forward a number of recommendations, but sadly no action was taken as far as implementation until 1896.\nMay married into the pioneering McConnel family of Cressbroke on 24 December 1890. The McConnel family moved to the United States, relocated to England, and then returned to California during World War I. May spent the rest of her life in California.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/may-jordan-mcconnel-1860-1929-2\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/may-jordan-mcconnel-1860-1929\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/", "Archival Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/may-emma-mcconnel-nee-jordan\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/may-emma-mcconnel-nee-jordan-2\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/mary-emma-mcconnel-1860-1929\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Mabo, Bonita", "Entry ID": "AWE6412", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/mabo-bonita\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Ingham, Queensland, Australia", "Death Place": "Brisbane, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Aboriginal rights activist, Human rights activist", "Summary": "Bonita Mabo was a prominent Indigenous and South Sea Islander activist. She was the wife of land rights campaigner Eddie Mabo.\n", "Details": "Bonita Neehow married Eddie Mabo in 1959 and together they had ten children. In 1973 she set up Australia's first Aboriginal community school in Townsville and there she worked as a teacher's aide.\nIn 2013 Bonita was appointed an Officer of the Order of Australia 'for distinguished service to the Indigenous community and to human rights as an advocate for the Aboriginal, Torres Strait Islander and South Sea Islander peoples.'\nBonita Mabo passed away just days after she was awarded an Honorary Doctorate of Letters from James Cook University for her contribution to social justice and human rights, particularly for Indigenous Australians and South Sea Islanders.\n", "Events": "Officer of the Order of Australia (AO) (2013 - 2013)", "Archival Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/bonita-mabo-interviewed-by-doreen-mellor-sound-recording\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/biographical-cuttings-on-bonita-mabo-wife-of-former-eddie-mabo-political-pariah-containing-one-or-more-cuttings-from-newspapers-or-journals\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Kellett, Joan Mary OAM", "Entry ID": "AWE23090765", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/kellett-joan-mary\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Brisbane, Queensland, Australia", "Death Place": "Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia", "Occupations": "Community activist, Sports administrator", "Summary": "Joan Kellett's community activism focused on the education and welfare of children in the ACT. In 1977 she established one of Australia's first after-school programs and a home for the Australian Early Childhood Association in the Majura Primary School, Watson. She served as Chair of the school board at North Ainslie Primary School and on the boards of Lyneham High School and Dickson College. For 30 years from 1984, she was an executive member of the ACT Council of Parents and Citizens Associations. Her dedication to the sport of swimming as an administrator and official, and her contribution to the Canberra community, was recognised by the award of the Order of Australia Medal in 2003.\nJoan Kellet was inscribed on the ACT Honour Walk in 2018.\n", "Details": "\"Joan Mary Kellett was born in Brisbane on 2 May 1929, the eldest daughter of Gertrude and Alec Bell. She lived with her family above their pharmacy in Logan Road, Greenslopes and attended the local public primary school. She completed her secondary education at All Hallows Catholic school in Brisbane before studying science at the University of Queensland. She worked as a pathology biochemist at the Mater Hospital, Brisbane, and at Lewisham Hospital, Sydney, before marrying Harry Kellett in 1957. Following Harry's appointment to the plumbing department of Canberra TAFE, the couple moved to Canberra with their young son in 1960, settled into their lifelong home in Dumaresq St, Dickson, and subsequently had three daughters. Joan devoted the rest of her life to promoting the education and welfare of children in the ACT.\nJoan's commitment to high quality public education and effective school management began in 1977, when she established one of Australia's first after-school programs and a home for the Australian Early Childhood Association in the Majura Primary School, Watson. As resources officer she maintained a library on education strategies and policy. She served as Chair of the school board at North Ainslie Primary School and joined the boards of Lyneham High School and Dickson College. For 30 years from 1984, she was an executive member of the ACT Council of Parents and Citizens Associations and was awarded life membership of that body in 2003. In this role she formulated policy, prepared submissions and represented the Council's views on several government advisory committees. From 1984-89 she was the Council's elected nominee on the ACT Schools Authority (later the ACT Education Council), and took on the Teachers' Union to ensure that parents' representatives had a say in the appointment of school principals. She was a founding member of the Education Council's Disability Working Group and for 12 years the Council's delegate member of the Turner School Board, and for a time its Chair, retiring in 2015.\nBelieving that drowning was one of the principal causes of children's death, Joan was determined that all ACT children should be water-safe by the time they finished primary school. In 1967, the Kellett family joined the Dickson Swimming Club, with both Joan and Harry taking leadership roles in its administration and volunteering in coaching and officiating duties. Joan initiated a free Learn-to-Swim program at the pool and changed the focus of the Dickson swimming club from competitive swimming to be a more inclusive community-based body. Over the next 50 years Joan promoted the sport through leadership in several peak swimming organisations. From 1981 to 1985 she was an office bearer in the ACT Swimming Council, President of the Capital Territory Amateur Swimming Association (later Swimming ACT) in 1985, and its Secretary until 2004. In this role Joan had input into the construction of a number of public facilities, including the learners' pool at Dickson. Noticing how few women were involved in sports administration, she became involved in the Women in Sport Committee for many years. As member of the Minister's Advisory Committee for Sports and Recreation, and its Chair for three years, she lobbied for the construction of pools in Tuggeranong and Belconnen and was instrumental in the development of Swimming ACT's program for people with disabilities. An accredited race official, she officiated at events from local club competitions and school carnivals to Special Olympic meets and country, state and national swimming championships, clocking up more hours officiating at swimming events than any other person in the ACT. A volunteer at the Sydney Olympic and Paralympic Games in 2000, she headed the swimming working party for the 2008 Pacific School Games. Her dedication to the sport of swimming as an administrator and official, and her contribution to the Canberra community, was recognised by the award of the Order of Australia Medal in 2003. In 2010 she received Life Membership of Dickson Swimming Club and was named Volunteer of the Year. In 2011 she was awarded the title of ACT Sportstar of the Year and given Associate Membership of the ACT Sport Hall of Fame. Joan also volunteered for 20 years with the Girl Guides as a Brownie unit leader and later Division Commissioner, served on the Board of the YMCA from 2002 to 2016 and volunteered with the social program run by Alzheimer's Australia from 2006 to 2016.\nJoan stood unsuccessfully for the first ACT Government election in 1989 on the Residents Rally ticket. Before the election she had collaborated with the Rally's founder, Michael Moore, in developing the Party's philosophy relating to the balance of power. She was particularly influential in preventing cuts to the education budget and was, Moore observed, 'a somewhat understated but powerful influence' on Canberra's politics. Her belief in the importance of community input to planning and development inspired her to chair the North Canberra Community Council in 1994-95 and 2004, and to become a member of the Majura Local Area Planning Advisory Committee. She attended hearings in the ACT Assembly and represented the Council in a variety of fora. In 2010 she helped form the Dickson Residents Group and remained a member for the rest of her life, working to maintain a balance between development and the preservation of the character and amenity of the neighbourhood. She valued Canberra's heritage, serving as a committee member of the Friends of the Albert Hall for several years. She appreciated the cultural institutions of Canberra, holding long time memberships of the Friends of the National Library and the National Gallery of Australia.\nAn unassuming woman with exceptional skills as a listener, her empathetic nature made her an effective and influential agent in her various spheres of action and earned her many friends. 'I just see myself as someone who sees things to be done and thinks how I can do them', she once observed. She died in Canberra on 20 June 2017, leaving four children and nine grandchildren. About 350 mourners attended her memorial service. Her name was inscribed on the ACT Honour Walk in 2018.\"\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/act-government-website\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Cains, Bev", "Entry ID": "AWE24071260", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/cains-bev\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Cairns, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Parliamentarian, Teacher", "Summary": "Bev Cains was a member of the Australian Capital Territory House of Assembly representing the Family Team for the electorate of Fraser 1979-1986. After self-government, she was unsuccessful in the 1987 election for the Federal seat of Canberra.\u00a0 She also stood unsuccessfully for the ACT Legislative Assembly in 1989 and 1992. During her political career she was an ardent advocate and activist for conservative values.\n", "Details": "Bev Cains was elected to the ACT House of Assembly in 1979 as a member of the Family Team. She was the party's sole representative until the 1982 election when she was joined by Betty Hocking. The House of Assembly ceased to exist in 1986, in preparation for self-government. After unsuccessfully contesting the Federal seat of Canberra in the 1987 election, Cains headed the Family Team's ticket for the new ACT Legislative Assembly in 1989, but was defeated. Her final attempt at winning public office was at the 1992 ACT Legislative Assembly election. She was placed second on the list for the Better Management Team but only the lead member Harold Hird was elected.\nDuring her political career Bev Cains was an ardent advocate and public activist for conservative values that had been part of her childhood and upbringing in the Catholic faith. Later in life she disagreed on some issues with the more liberal views of the Catholic hierarchy.\nBeverley Mary Evelyn Rogers was born at Cairns on 25 February 1938 to a family with a long history in far north Queensland; her grandmother was born in Cooktown and her mother at Irvinebank near Herberton. Beverley was educated at St Joseph's school, Cairns and Mount St Bernard College, Herberton. She trained as a primary school teacher and taught at several Catholic schools in the Cairns diocese. In 1968, at the age of 30, Beverley Rogers married Kevin Cains at St Monica's Cathedral, Cairns and they had five children: Cathy, twin boys David and Paul, Stephen and Anne. After moving to Canberra Bev Cains became a well-known member of the ACT community, taking part in the Canberra Branch of the Society of Women Writers and the Women's Action Alliance.\nShe began her campaign for the House of Assembly as an independent to advocate for family values, motivated by 'a number of people on the southside asking her to contest'. She had formed the Family Team with Stewart Homan but she was the sole candidate elected. In her first term in the House of Assembly, she advocated against rape protestors taking part in ANZAC Day ceremonies and against what she termed 'antiChristian' sex education in public schools.\nShe campaigned under the Family Team again in 1982 with five other candidates, Cains being elected and joined by Betty Hocking. Throughout her next term she advocated in support of private school education, which was a consistent stance throughout her time in office, and against the presence of what she described as 'radical feminism' in government schools.\nCains drew significant media attention in May 1984 with a political demonstration designed to expose the weakness of controls on pornography. She had her 14-year-old daughter hire X- and R-rated videos from four stores in Canberra, despite it being illegal for people under 18 to rent such videos. Over the next two\u00a0 years, she was involved in controversy around the AIDS crisis and attitudes to homosexuality. She called for harsher penalties for blood donors carrying AIDS and was opposed to various AIDS awareness campaigns and sex education reforms.\nIn her unsuccessful campaign for the Federal seat of Canberra in 1987, Cains focused on providing support for the 'functioning family', as well as policies of 'no casino for Canberra and for self-government in the form of a municipal council, a ban on pornography, encouraging patriotism, and more choice and higher standards in the ACT education system'.\nFollowing her political career Cains maintained a strong public profile demonstrating against abortion and the operation of clinics, including as President of the ACT Right to Life Association. She also expressed strong opposition to the Roman Catholic Church's advocacy for a Yes vote in the Voice referendum. In a 2023 letter to the President of the Australian Catholic Bishops' Conference Archbishop Costelloe of Perth, Cains wrote:\n'I am a Canberra mother, grandmother and great grandmother and throughout my life have been active in Church affairs and in movements of Christian inspiration in the broader community. At present, I am the President of the ACT Right to Life Association.\nThe Australian Catholic Bishops' Conference has released, two official documents bearing on the current debate over the Voice referendum. The first was a direct call for support for the Voice by the ACBC, issued on May 11. The second was this year's Social Justice Statement, 'Listen, Learn, Love', released on August 27.\nI am afraid I must express my strong objections to both documents. I consider them to be abuses of episcopal power, and violations of the rights of ordinary Australian Catholics to have their bishops act in accordance with their proper sacred responsibilities and sacred priorities.'\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/mother-of-five-to-contest-assembly-seat\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/letter-to-the-editor-the-meaning-of-anzac-day\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/letter-to-the-editor-the-influence-of-pagan-cults-in-government-schools\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/letter-to-the-editor-funding-of-education\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/letter-to-the-editor-radical-feminism-in-the-schools\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/anti-aids-plan-for-assembly-tough-penalties-mooted\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/sex-education-seen-as-aids-boost\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/cains-criticises-bus-aids-ads\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/bringing-the-family-into-political-focus\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/praying-mum-from-cairns-writes-play-for-centenary-of-fatima-apparitions\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/what-the-votaress-said-to-the-bishop\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Cheyne, Tara Maree", "Entry ID": "AWE24080177", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/cheyne-tara-maree\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Cairns, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Parliamentarian, Public servant", "Summary": "A member of the Australian Labor Party, Tara Cheyne was elected to the Legislative Assembly for the Australian Capital Territory, representing the electorate of Ginninderra, in October 2016.\u00a0 She was re-elected in October 2020. Cheyne was Government Whip from October 2016 to 2020 and has held various portfolios since 2020.\n", "Details": "Cheyne was born in Cairns, Queensland on 30 December 1986. She graduated from Rockhampton Grammar School in 2003 and studied for a Bachelor of Arts\/Journalism at the University of Queensland. During that period, she became a member of the Australian Labor Party.\nAfter graduating, Cheyne took a position at the Queensland Department of the Premier and Cabinet, before moving to Canberra in 2008. She worked for the Attorney General's Department from 2008 to 2016 and the Department of Finance in 2016 until her election to the Legislative Assembly. She has been active in the Canberra community and arts sectors for over a decade, including as President of the Belconnen Community Council in 2014-15 and as a board member of the Belconnen Arts Centre. In her inaugural speech to the Assembly in August 2016, Cheyne recalled her proudest achievement of that period was encouraging the local community to have their say on the Belconnen Town Centre Master Plan.\u00a0 In 2011, she published a popular blog 'In the Taratory' which promoted and reviewed services and events in the Canberra region. Initially a collaborative project, Cheyne took over as sole author in 2012. In 2013, she graduated with a Master of Business Administration from the University of Canberra.\nCheyne has held a variety of ministerial portfolios, including Arts, Multicultural Affairs, Business and Better Regulation (2020-23); Human Rights, Arts, Culture and the Creative Economy, City Services, Government Services and Regulatory Reform (from 2023). As the Minister for Human Rights, she championed the Australian Capital Territory's Voluntary and Assisted Dying Bill, which was passed by the Assembly in June 2024. She has served on various committees, including as Deputy Chair of the COVID-19 Pandemic Response (2019-20) and End of Life Choices in the Australian Capital Territory (2016).\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/cheyne-tara-legislative-assembly-for-the-australian-capital-territory-website\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/tara-cheyne-mla-website\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/in-the-taratory-blog\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Wells, Anika Shay", "Entry ID": "AWE26012941", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/wells-anika-shay\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "South Brisbane, Queensland, Australia", "Death Place": "Australian Capital Territory, Australia", "Occupations": "Parliamentarian", "Summary": "A member of the Australian Labor Party, Anika Wells was elected to the House of Representatives division of Lilley in the Australian Parliament at the general election held on 18 May 2019. A complete record of her parliamentary service, including a link to her first speech, can be found in the Parliamentary Handbook of the Commonwealth of Australia (see below).\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/wells-the-hon-anika-shay\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Kenny, Elizabeth", "Entry ID": "AWE0056", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/kenny-elizabeth\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Warialda, New South Wales, Australia", "Death Place": "Toowoomba, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Health administrator, Nurse", "Summary": "Elizabeth Kenny developed a new treatment for infantile paralysis (poliomyelitis). Guided by Dr Aeneas McDonnell of Toowoomba, she developed a thorough knowledge of human musculature. [1]\nAlthough Kenny never completed any nursing training or registered as a nurse, she opened a hospital at Clifton, near Toowoomba, in 1913. In 1915 she joined the Australian Army Nursing Service (AANS) and completed 12 round sea voyages between England and Australia with the returning wounded. During this time she earned her promotion to Sister, a title she used all her life. [2]\nDuring the 1930s she established clinics in Brisbane with the backing of the State government, but with opposition from the medical profession. In 1940 she moved to the United States of America where her methods were widely acclaimed and gradually accepted world wide. Kenny returned to Queensland in 1951 and died in Toowoomba on 30 November 1952.\n[1] 200 Australian Women p. 124\n[2] ibid\n", "Events": "Inducted into the Victorian Honour Roll of Women (2001 - 2001)", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/kenny-elizabeth-1881-1952\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/100-great-australians\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/sister-elizabeth-kenny\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/where-are-the-women-in-australian-science-2\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/the-complete-book-of-great-australian-women-thirty-six-women-who-changed-the-course-of-australia\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/200-australian-women-a-redress-anthology\/", "Archival Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/elizabeth-kenny-papers\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/application-for-letters-patent-for-an-invention-by-elizabeth-kenny-titled-an-improved-transport-stretcher\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/application-for-letters-patent-for-an-invention-by-elizabeth-kenny-titled-a-surgical-appliance-for-supporting-the-injured-members-of-patients-bodies-during-their-transport\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/elizabeth-kenny-clinic\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/author-elizabeth-kenny-address-sydney-title-of-work-infantile-paralysis-and-cerebral-diplegia\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/author-elizabeth-kenny-address-nobby-qld-title-of-work-the-kenny-method-of-treatment-of-paralysis-polio-myelitis-or-infantile-paralysis-spastic-paralysis-and-birth-paralysis\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/1947-file-dark-blue-tab-kenny-elizabeth-sister\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/supply-of-agricultural-and-scientific-information-elizabeth-kenny-institute-for-infantile-paralysis\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/kenny-elizabeth-service-number-sister-place-of-birth-warialda-nsw-place-of-enlistment-n-a-next-of-kin-mother-kenny-m\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/elizabeth-kenny-papers-1936-1937\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/rae-william-dungan-papers\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Cato, Nancy", "Entry ID": "AWE0104", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/cato-nancy\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Adelaide, South Australia, Australia", "Death Place": "Noosa, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Author, Environmentalist, Journalist, Poet", "Summary": "Nancy Cato was an acclaimed author. She published several historical novels and biographies and two volumes of poetry. Cato was also a strong campaigner for environmental conservation.\n", "Details": "Schooled at the Presbyterian Ladies College, in Adelaide, South Australia, Nancy Cato began her professional writing career as a cadet journalist on the Adelaide News at age 18. Later an art critic for the same newspaper, she also became a freelance writer. In 1950 she edited the Jindyworobak Anthology.\nActively involved in the Fellowship of Australian Writers and the Australian Society of Authors during the 1950s and 1960s, Cato's books include Green grows the vine, Brown sugar and All the rivers run, which was made into a TV mini-series. She published other prose works in addition to two volumes of poetry, and contributed to Australian literary magazines. A major work was Mister Maloga, the story of Daniel Mathews and his Maloga Mission to Aboriginal people on the Murray River in Victoria.\nCato married Eldred Norman, and travelled extensively overseas with him; the pair had one daughter and two sons.\nNancy Cato strove for ultimate skill as a writer, and for protection of the Australian environment, particularly in the face of developers on the Sunshine Coast in Queensland. She was awarded the Alice Award by the Society of Women Writers in 1988; the Advance Australia award for environmental campaigning; an Honorary Doctor of Letters, University of Queensland; and was a Member of the Order of Australia (AM).\n", "Events": "Career in journalism active (1935 - 1941)", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/prize-winning-author-dies\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/all-the-tributes-flow-for-noosas-literary-icon\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/lifelong-affair-with-the-river\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/author-brought-authentic-voice-to-literature\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/murray-novel-brought-fame-fortune\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/author-shared-pioneer-spirit\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/the-womens-pages-australian-women-and-journalism-since-1850-2\/", "Archival Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/collection-of-unpublished-letters-and-poems-also-manuscript-and-signed-published-copy-of-her-novel-northwest-by-south\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/mister-maloga-daniel-matthews-and-his-mission-murray-river-1864-1902-1976\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/nancy-cato-manuscript-collection-1967-1992\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/papers-of-nancy-cato-1939-1995-manuscript\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/nancy-cato-papers\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/florence-james-papers-1890-1993\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/nancy-cato-interviewed-by-hazel-de-berg-in-the-hazel-de-berg-collection-sound-recording\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/dale-spender-papers-1972-1995\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/literary-papers-1969-1981-manuscript\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/gwen-harwood-papers\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Walling, Edna Margaret", "Entry ID": "AWE0119", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/walling-edna-margaret\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "York, Yorkshire, England", "Death Place": "Buderim, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Journalist, Landscape designer, Photographer, Writer", "Summary": "Edna Walling is best known for her contribution to Australian landscape architecture design. She was also a talented amateur photographer, and used the many photographs of gardens she took to illustrate the books and articles she wrote. Walling also created portrait photography.\n", "Details": "Edna Walling was born on 4 December 1896 in Yorkshire, England, and was the second daughter of William and Margaret Walling. Her father was a businessman, who had been keen on having a son; when Edna was born he was disappointed on having another daughter. He treated her as he would a son, involving her in exploring the countryside around Devonshire and woodworking.\nIn 1911, when Walling was 14 years old, the family moved to New Zealand. Shortly after this relocation her father travelled to Australia on his own, and in 1914 the whole family joined him there.\nFrom 1916-1917 Walling trained at Burnley Horticultural College; following this she gained employment as a gardener, and eventually commenced a career as a landscape designer. She designed gardens for some of Melbourne's wealthiest families, such as those owned by Dame Nellie Melba, Dame Elisabeth Murdoch, Mrs Harold Darling, Sir Clive and Lady Steele and Sir William and Lady Irvine, many of whom had large country properties in the Western District of Victoria and the Riverina in New South Wales. Her landscape designs followed the English tradition and were influenced by the work of Gertrude Jekyll and William Robinson.\nWalling photographed these gardens as a means of documenting her work, and she used these photographs in her illustrated books on gardens, and to complement the many articles she wrote. She also worked as a journalist, writing for a number of magazines, including Australian Home Beautiful, as well as for many newspapers on gardening and landscape design. She produced numerous illustrated books - Gardens in Australia (1943), Cottage and Garden in Australia (1947), A Gardener's Log (1948) and The Australian Roadside (1952).\nThese titles featured her drawings, garden plans and photographs.\nShe also designed and built her own house at Mooroolbark, east of Melbourne, which she called Sonning. The house was burned down during the 1936 fires, but she rebuilt it and purchased more land to create the Bickleigh Vale village on 18 acres. In 1948 she purchased a property near Lorne on the Great Ocean Road, on which she built a cottage. Walling wrote about this property in The Happiest Days of My Life.\nDuring her lifetime Walling designed a number of villages but unfortunately few were built. In 1967 she moved to Queensland, settling in Bendles, at Buderim, where she designed an Italian inspired village (but was not able to build it due to her advancing age).\nWalling died on 8 August 1973 in Queensland.\nTechnical\nEdna Walling used a Rolleiflex camera with a twin lens and worked in black and white.\nCollections\nEdna Walling Collection, State Library of Victoria\nPrivate Collections\nContent added for original entry in the Register, last modified 4 May 2009\nThe Walling family lived in the village of Bickleigh, Devon, before migrating to New Zealand, and then to Australia in 1914. In Bickleigh, Edna Walling's father William had trained his daughter in woodwork and honed her skills in perspective and scale. Father and daughter also enjoyed walking together through the English countryside. Walling's future garden designs were to reflect elements of this countryside, and of the various English gardens they visited.\nAfter completing a course in horticulture at Burnley College in 1917, Walling commenced work as a jobbing gardener. In 1921 she purchased three acres of land at Mooroolbark and built her first home from local and second hand materials. This home was named Sonning after Gertrude Jekyll's Deanery Garden of the same name, which she had visited in England.\nIn 1922 Walling purchased a further 18 acres of land adjacent to Sonning. The houses she built became the village of Bickleigh Vale. Between the 1920s and 1960s Walling's commissions included designing the lily pond for Coombe Cottage, Dame Nellie Melba's residence in Coldstream, Vic.; Durrol for Mrs Stanley Allen, Mount Macedon, Vic.; and the Cruden Farm garden for Mrs Keith Murdoch (now Dame Elisabeth), Langwarrin, Vic. She also undertook commissions in Hobart, Tasmania, and designed villages at Port Pirie, South Australia (never completed) and Mount Kembla, New South Wales, for Broken Hill Associated Smelters Pty Ltd.\nDuring this period Walling wrote four books: Gardens in Australia (1943), Cottage and Garden in Australia (1947), A Gardener's Log (1948) and The Australian Roadside (1952). She wrote articles for The Australian Women's Mirror, The Australian Home Builder and The Australian Home Beautiful. In a letter held by the State Library of Victoria's Edna Walling Collection (La Trobe Australian Manuscripts), Walling declines an invitation to join the Australian Society of Authors by saying:\n'Actually, you know, I am not a writer. I merely made a record of the work I had done, which the Oxford University Press published. I also wrote The Australian Roadside as my contribution to conservation work of this country\u2026 The books were only achieved through the great help of my teacher friend, Miss Lorna Fielden, without whose assistance I doubt if they would ever have seen the light of day. And so, much as I appreciate the honour you have bestowed on me I don't really think I have any right to be counted amongst the illustrious names appearing in your Society'\nWalling's ABC Radio talks include On Making a Garden (1941), Improving the Farm and Curing Erosion and The Farmers' Friends (1951). In 1967, Walling moved to a cottage - 'Bendles' - at Buderim, Queensland. She died there in 1973.\n", "Events": "Edna Walling's work featured in Beyond the Picket Fence: Australian Women's Art in the National Library Collections (1995 - 1995) \nEdna Walling's work featured in The Living Sculptures of Edna Walling (1995 - 1995)", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/gardens-in-australia-their-design-and-care\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/cottage-and-garden-in-australia\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/the-australian-roadside\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/country-roads-the-australian-roadside\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/edna-wallings-year\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/the-edna-walling-book-of-australian-garden-design\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/the-garden-magic-of-edna-walling\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/a-gardeners-log\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/letters-to-garden-lovers\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/on-the-trail-of-australian-wildflowers\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/the-vision-of-edna-walling-garden-plans-1920-1951\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/the-edna-walling-website\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/edna-walling-landscape-designer\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/gardens-in-time-in-the-footsteps-of-edna-walling\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/beyond-the-picket-fence-australian-womens-art-in-the-national-librarys-collection\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/edna-walling\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/australian-women-photographers-1840-1960\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/edna-walling-2\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/the-happiest-days-of-my-life\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/heritage-the-national-womens-art-book-500-works-by-500-australian-women-artists-from-colonial-times-to-1955\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/walling-edna-margaret-1895-1973\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/edna-for-the-garden\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/mooroolbark-village-given-heritage-protection\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/the-markdale-experience\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/the-encyclopedia-of-women-and-leadership-in-twentieth-century-australia\/", "Archival Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/exchange-of-correspondence-and-accounts-1937-feb-5-aug-14-manuscript\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/papers-1962-1970-manuscript\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/papers-1937-1964-manuscript\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/papers-of-jean-galbraith-1900-1990-manuscript\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/cuming-smith-company-limited\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/university-of-melbourne-photograph-collection\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/biographical-cuttings-on-edna-walling-architect-and-horticulturalist-containing-one-or-more-cuttings-from-newspapers-or-journals\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/edna-walling-australian-art-and-artists-file\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/walling-edna-photography-related-ephemera-material-collected-by-the-national-library-of-australia\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/papers-ca-1940-ca-1970-manuscript\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Longman, Irene Maud", "Entry ID": "AWE0170", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/longman-irene-maud\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Franklin, Tasmania, Australia", "Death Place": "Brisbane, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Parliamentarian", "Summary": "Irene Longman was the first woman to both stand for and be elected to the Queensland Parliament. She was a member of the Country and Progressive National Party for the electorate of Bulimba from 11 May 1929 to 11 June 1932. Longman moved Address-in-Reply to the Governor's Opening of Parliament Speech on 21 August 1929.\n", "Details": "Irene Longman was educated at Sydney Girls' High School and Redlands (SCEGS) North Sydney. After obtaining a Kindergarten Teaching Diploma she taught at Normanhurst, Sydney Girls' Grammar School and Rockhampton Girls' Grammar School.\nAn activist in many women's organisation Longman was President of the National Council of Women of Queensland from 1920 to 1924; Honorary President Queensland Citizenship League; Honorary President Queensland Association for the Welfare of the Mentally Deficient; Vice-President of the Queensland Branch Lyceum Club; Vice-President of the Queensland Womens' Peace Movement and Officer of the Creche and Kindergarten Association.\nAlso Longman is responsible for the first Queensland women police officer and for changing the meeting place of the Children's Court from its meeting place in the precinct of the Police Court.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/getting-equal-the-history-of-australian-feminism\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/women-members-of-the-legislative-assembly-from-1929\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/a-republic-for-women\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/childbearers-as-rights-bearers-feminist-discourse-on-the-rights-of-aboriginal-and-non-aboriginal-mothers-in-australia-1920-50\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/longman-irene-maud-1877-1964\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/liberal-women-federation-to-1949\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/so-hard-the-conquering-a-life-of-irene-longman\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/no-ordinary-lives-pioneering-women-in-australian-politics\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/women-in-the-queensland-parliament-1929-1994\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/the-encyclopedia-of-women-and-leadership-in-twentieth-century-australia\/", "Archival Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/biographical-cuttings-on-irene-longman-politician-containing-one-or-more-cuttings-from-newspapers-or-journals\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/om92-82-country-and-progressive-party-elections-clippings-1926-1935\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/om83-01-ogg-margaret-ann-manuscript-1824-1962\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/m-1065-mamie-okeeffe-papers-1970s-1980s\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Feltham, Juanita Cecila", "Entry ID": "AWE0481", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/feltham-juanita-cecila\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Hobart, Tasmania, Australia", "Death Place": "Caloundra, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Designer, Servicewoman", "Summary": "After the death of Colonel Kathleen Best, an appeal was launched to erect memorial gates at the Women's Royal Australian Army Corp (WRAAC) School at Georges Heights. Members and ex-members of the Corps were encouraged to submit designs and ideas. Sergeant Juanita Feltham's design was selected. [1]\nJuanita Feltham had joined the WRAAC to combine her wartime skills and experience with her post-war training in fine arts. Janette Bomford states in Soldiers of the Queen that Feltham had a successful army career producing training aids, posters, book illustrations, and terrain model making. [2]\nFeltham's design for the gates feature 47 gumleaf-shaped spikes that denote each year of Colonel Best's life and her Australian nationality. The gate on the left represents her nursing career and the one on the right her contribution to the army, especially the WRAAC. The central cruciform design symbolises Christianity and her Royal Red Cross.\nThe memorial gates and commemoration plaque on the left pillar were made by apprentices at the Balcombe Army School and the stone-work carried out by the 17th Construction Squadron of the Royal Australian Engineers. The ceramic tiles on the right pillar were made by Klytie Pate and feature formation signs of all Australian commands. Prominence is given to the waratah, the emblem of New South Wales, and Colonel Best's home state. [3]\nFeltham became responsible for the graphics section of the newly formed Australian Army Audio-visual Unit, which had not had a female member until 1970 when two WRAAC members were appointed to the staff. [4]\nOn 13 June 1964 Warrant Officer 2 Juanita Cecila Feltham was appointed to the Order of the British Empire (Military).\n[1] Soldiers of the Queen by Janette Bomford p. 47\n[2] ibid p. 26\n[3] ibid p. 47\n[4] ibid p. 73\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/soldiers-of-the-queen-women-in-the-australian-army\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/", "Archival Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/seven-slides-from-the-opening-of-the-kathleen-best-memorial-gates-womens-royal-australian-army-corps-wraac-school-mosman-nsw-6-november-1959\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/speech-by-colonel-sybil-h-irving-honorary-colonel-of-the-corps-made-at-the-opening-of-the-kathleen-best-memorial-gates-womens-royal-australian-army-corps-wraac-school-mosman-nsw-6-november-19\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/kathleen-best-memorial-gates-2\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/kathleen-best-memorial-gates-and-portrait\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Miller, Emma", "Entry ID": "AWE0654", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/miller-emma\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Chesterfield, Derbyshire, England", "Death Place": "Toowoomba, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Suffragist, Union organiser, Women's rights activist", "Summary": "Emma Miller was foundation president of the Woman's Equal Franchise Association between 1894 and 1905. The vote for women in Queensland State elections was finally won in 1905; women had had the right to vote in Federal elections since Federation, and voted for the first time in the 1903 Federal election. On 2 February 1912, known as Black Friday, at the height of a general strike, Miller led a contingent of women to Parliament House, avoiding police with fixed bayonets. The women were charged by baton swinging police on their return from Parliament House. Miller reputedly stuck her hatpin into a horse ridden by the Police Commissioner, Patrick Cahill. Cahill fell from his horse and claimed to have been permanently injured. Direct political action was not Miller's only cause. She was anti-militarist and opposed conscription in World War I. She believed that 'those who make the quarrel should be the only ones to fight'. As vice-president of the Women's Peace Army, Miller attended the Peace Alliance Conference in Melbourne in 1916. She also fought hard for free speech and civil liberties. During the First World War, Miller preached equal pay to those fearing that women would take the jobs of men away at the war.\n", "Events": "A publicly funded marble bust was unveiled in the Trades Hall (1922 - 1922) \nCampaigned against the conscription referendums (1916 - 1917) \nDelegate to the Australian Peace Alliance conference (1916 - 1916) \nDelegate to the Commonwealth Labor conference (1908 - 1908) \nFoundation president of the Woman's Equal Franchise Association (1894 - 1905) \nGave evidence to the Royal Commission into Shops, Factories and Workshops (1891 - 1891) \nHelped to form a female workers' union (1890 - 1890) \nLed a contingent of women to Parliament House on 'Black Friday' (1912 - 1912) \nMarched with shearers' strike prisoners when released (1891 - 1891) \nMarried Andrew Miller (dec. 1897) (1886 - ) \nMarried Jabez Mycroft Silcock (dec.), they had four children (1857 - 1857) \nMarried William Calderwood (dec. 1880) (1874 - ) \nMigrated to Brisbane (1879 - ) \nPresident of the Women Workers' Political Union (1903 - 1903) \nThe flag at Brisbane's Trade Hall flew at half mast when Emma Miller died (1917 - 1917)", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/miller-emma-1839-1917\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/women-in-australias-working-history-2\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/proud-to-be-a-rebel-the-life-and-times-of-emma-miller\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/emma-miller\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/australian-feminism-a-companion\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/miller-emma-1839-1917-2\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/family-rediscovers-grandma-suffragette\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/votes-for-women-the-australian-story\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/200-australian-women-a-redress-anthology\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/worth-fighting-for\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/the-encyclopedia-of-women-and-leadership-in-twentieth-century-australia\/", "Archival Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/biographical-cuttings-on-emma-miller-suffragette-containing-one-or-more-cuttings-from-newspapers-or-journals\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/om64-13-workers-educational-association-of-queensland-records-1913-1932\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Crosby, Heather Bembrick", "Entry ID": "AWE0895", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/crosby-heather\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Oxford, England", "Death Place": "Townsville, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Community worker", "Summary": "Heather Crosby, n\u00e9e Gumley, was born in Oxford, England. Her father's calling as an Anglican priest took the family first to India and then to Australia. Her Australian-born mother played a prominent role in the parishes in which they lived, and Crosby and her sisters were encouraged to gain tertiary qualifications. Crosby came to Adelaide to study social work and married in 1944. She helped her husband establish his general practice in Blair Athol, and they had two daughters. She became involved in community work and began her association with the YWCA in 1960. Crosby was President and Executive Director of the Adelaide YWCA, and a member of the National Council and the World Executive. She was awarded a Medal of the Order of Australia (OAM) in 1981.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/", "Archival Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/interview-with-heather-crosby-sound-recording-interviewer-helen-chryssides\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Cilento, Lady Phyllis Dorothy", "Entry ID": "AWE1043", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/cilento-lady-phyllis-dorothy\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Sydney, New South Wales", "Death Place": "Brisbane, Queensland", "Occupations": "Broadcaster, Doctor, Journalist, Print journalist, Radio Journalist, Social reformer, Women's rights activist", "Summary": "Lady Phyllis Cilento was born in Sydney on 13th March 1894 and educated in Adelaide, graduating MB, BS from the University of Adelaide. She did postgraduate work at hospitals and clinics in Malaysia, New Guinea, London, Paris and New York. Later moving to Brisbane with her husband, (doctor and medical administrator, Sir Ralph Cilento) she became a prominent member of the Queensland women's movement and highly influential in broader areas of public health. She was a medical columnist, broadcaster, journalist and author of several books. Her interests lay in nutrition, vitamin therapy, family planning and antenatal and childcare. She founded the Queensland Mothercraft Association in 1930; the Queensland branch of the Business and Professional Women's Club and was president of the Queensland Medical Women's Association (1938-1947).\n", "Events": "Career in journalism active (1940 - 1960)", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/200-australian-women-a-redress-anthology\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/the-womens-pages-australian-women-and-journalism-since-1850-2\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/cilento-phyllis-dorothy-1894-1987\/", "Archival Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/lady-phyllis-d-cilento-papers\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Naylon, Maudie Akawiljika", "Entry ID": "AWE1179", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/naylon-maudie-akawiljika\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Marrapardi, Simpson Desert, South Australia, Australia", "Death Place": "Birdsville, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Traditional Aboriginal custodian", "Summary": "Maudie Naylon was the last fluent speaker of the Ngamini and Yarluyandi languages.\n", "Details": "Maudie Naylon Akawiljika, of Wangkangurru and Arrernte descent, was born in the Simpson Desert in c1885 [plaque at Birdsville cemetery states her year of birth to be 1887]. Despite her exceptional traditional knowledge and the fact that among Wangkangurru and related groups women shared in practically all ceremonies, anthropologists never asked her for information - only men were asked to sing or relate traditional matters.\nAlthough her main language was Wangkangurru, she also had a command of Yarluyandi, Lanima, Ngamini and Jauraworka. With her death in Birdsville in 1980, Ngamini became extinct and Yarluyandi lost its last fluent speaker.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/the-encyclopaedia-of-aboriginal-australia-aboriginal-and-torres-strait-islander-history-society-and-culture\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Jakins, Judith Helen", "Entry ID": "AWE2070", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/jakins-judith-helen\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Bourke, New South Wales, Australia", "Death Place": "Goondiwindi, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Farmer, Mothercraft nurse, Parliamentarian", "Summary": "Judy Jakins was a member of the National Party. She was a Member of the directly elected Legislative Council from 24 March 1984 until 1991. She was the first woman elected to represent the National Party in New South Wales when she entered Parliament in 1984. She was an Alderman of Dubbo City Council 1991 - 1995.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/putting-skirts-on-the-sacred-benches-women-candidates-for-the-new-south-wales-parliament-2\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Kellermann, Annette Marie Sarah", "Entry ID": "AWE2216", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/kellermann-annette-marie-sarah\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Sydney, New South Wales, Australia", "Death Place": "Southport, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Actor, Aquatic performer, Author, Diver, Swimmer", "Summary": "Born in 1886 in Marrickville, Sydney, Annette Kellerman was a New South Wales swimming champion who left for England aged 18 to help her cash-strapped family. In Europe, she built a name for herself in long distance swimming and exotic swimming and diving demonstrations. By 1906 she had moved to vaudeville theatre in America as 'Australia's Mermaid' and quickly progressed to the big screen. Kellerman enjoyed tremendous success as a silent movie star in mythological underwater films, including Neptune's Daughter.\n", "Details": "The daughter of musical parents, Frederick William Kellermann and Alice Ellen (n\u00e9e Charbonnet), Annette's swimming career began at the age of six. Compelled to wear steel braces due to a weakness in the legs, she learned to swim as a way of gaining strength. By her early teens her legs were functioning normally, and she began to swim competitively. She won the 100 yards and mile championships of New South Wales in 1902 with record times of 1 minute, 22 seconds and 33 minutes, 49 seconds respectively.\nWhen the family moved to Melbourne, Kellermann combined her passion for swimming with her theatrical ability, performing a mermaid act at Princes Court entertainment centre and appearing twice a day with fish in a glass tank at the Exhibition Aquarium. She completed a long-distance swim in the Yarra and several exhibitions throughout Australia, acclaimed as the holder of all world records for ladies' swimming. In 1905 she visited England with her father, swimming the Thames from Putney bridge to Blackwall pier in 3 hours, 54 minutes. Sponsored by the Daily Mirror she attempted to swim the English Channel but was unsuccessful. In France, she was placed third in a seven-mile race down the Seine. The following year she completed a twenty-two mile race down the Danube, and made a second unsuccessful attempt to swim the Channel.\nAccording to G.P. Walsh (Australian Dictionary of Biography), Kellerman's one-piece swimsuit made by stitching black stockings into a boy's costume caused somewhat of a sensation in her early career. She was arrested on a Boston beach for wearing a brief one-piece swimsuit in 1907. Ironically, the publicity 'helped to relax laws relating to women's swimwear' and Kellermann 'regarded her part in emancipating women from the neck-to-knee costume as her greatest achievement'.\nKellermann gave up her swimming career to take up acting in earnest. She performed at leading theatres in Europe, the U.S.A., the U.K. and Australia. Many of her performances incorporated diving stunts which she did herself. In 1912 she married her manager, American-born James Raymond Louis Sullivan. During World War II she lived in Queensland, working for the Red Cross and entertaining troops. She and her husband came to live in Australia permanently in 1970. Kellermann had no children of her own, but produced a book of children's stories, Fairy Tales of the South Seas, in 1926.\n", "Events": "Inducted into the Victorian Honour Roll of Women (2001 - 2001)", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/fairy-tales-of-the-south-seas-and-other-stories\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/the-complete-book-of-great-australian-women-thirty-six-women-who-changed-the-course-of-australia\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/200-australian-women-a-redress-anthology\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/shes-game-women-making-australian-sporting-history-2\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/kellermann-annette-marie-sarah-1886-1975\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/the-encyclopedia-of-women-and-leadership-in-twentieth-century-australia\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Ferguson, June Elaine", "Entry ID": "AWE2440", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/ferguson-june-elaine\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Sydney, New South Wales, Australia", "Death Place": "Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Olympian, Track and Field Athlete", "Events": "Athletics - 4 x100m relay (1948 - 1948)", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/shes-game-women-making-australian-sporting-history-2\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/junes-great-feats\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Murphy, Janice Gabrielle", "Entry ID": "AWE2477", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/murphy-janice-gabrielle\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "New South Wales, Australia", "Death Place": "Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Olympian, Swimmer", "Events": "For service to swimming, particularly as a coach (posthumous) (2019 - 2019) \nSwimming - 4 x 100m Freestyle (1964 - 1964)", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/shes-game-women-making-australian-sporting-history-2\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "McKinnon, Elizabeth Lindsay (Betty)", "Entry ID": "AWE2484", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/mckinnon-elizabeth-lindsay-betty\/", "Type": "Person", "Death Place": "Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Olympian, Track and Field Athlete", "Events": "Athletics - 4 x 100m Relay (1948 - 1948)", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "McGill, Linda", "Entry ID": "AWE2552", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/mcgill-linda\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Sydney, New South Wales, Australia", "Death Place": "Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Commonwealth or Empire Games Gold Medalist, Swimmer", "Summary": "Linda McGill was one of the Olympic stars banned by the amateur swimming authorities as punishment for alleged misbehaviour in 1964 at the Tokyo Olympic Games. Five months after being suspended, she became the first Australian to swim the English Channel. In 1967, she set a women's record for the swim of 9 hours 59 minutes and 57 seconds, a time that came very close to beating the men's record (9 hours and 35 minutes) as well. Three months later, she became the first person to swim across Port Phillip Bay in Victoria, Australia. She swam the twenty-five miles from Portarlington to Frankston in 13 hours.\n", "Events": "Broke the women's record for the English Channel Swim (1967 - 1967) \nFirst Australian to swim across Port Phillip Bay (1968 - 1968) \nFirst Australian to swim the English Channel (1965 - 1965) \nSwimming - 4 x 110y Medley Relay (1962 - 1962)", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/australian-sport-through-time-the-history-of-sport-in-australia\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/shes-game-women-making-australian-sporting-history-2\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/faith-hope-and-charity-australian-women-and-imperial-honours-1901-1989\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/", "Archival Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/linda-mcgill-collection\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Moore, Winifred", "Entry ID": "AWE2894", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/moore-winifred\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "England", "Death Place": "Brisbane, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Journalist, Print journalist", "Summary": "Winifred Moore was a prominent Brisbane journalist in the early twentieth century. She edited the women's section of The Brisbane Courier (later Courier-Mail), from the early 1920s through to the 1940s, and remained with the newspaper as a columnist until the early 1950s. In addition to her literary and arts interests, Moore was a founding member of the National Parks Association of Queensland. Although generally politically conservative, she had a keen interest in women's affairs and a range of social welfare issues of the day.\n", "Details": "Winifred Moore was born in England but moved to Queensland (probably after both her parents died) to be raised by her elder sister in Ingham, North Queensland. She was a teacher of music, and travelled to her students by sulky. During the First World War, Moore joined the staff of the Daily Mail. In 1921, she was appointed Social Editress of the Brisbane Courier (later the Brisbane Courier-Mail). For two decades, Moore edited the women's section for the paper, contributing her own anecdotes and observations in her column, 'Between Ourselves', under the pseudonym 'Verity'. She remained a columnist for the paper until the early 1950s, and was responsible for the expansion of the Courier-Mail Christmas Toy Fund.\nUnder Moore in the 1920s, the weekly women's section of the Brisbane Courier - 'Home Circle' - combined London gossip, Paris fashion, recipes, poems and riddles, serialised novels, cartoons, domestic tips, news of Australians abroad, a children's section, and a 'how-to' column with instructions for making everything from knitted slippers to 'a pretty cretonne work-box which can be used also as a seat'. The section also included a political column of sorts, profiling prominent public personalities - from statesmen to sportsmen - in Australia and overseas. In November 1922, Sir Walter Edward Davidson, governor of New South Wales, was listed alongside the 'picturesque and romantic figure' of the Maharajah of Jaipur.\nMoore used her own column to discuss topical questions around women in parliament, women and marriage, and women's organisations, or to offer personal anecdotes and tips in domestic economy. An early column discussed the proposed introduction of a League of Skilled Housecraft in England which, if successful, might be emulated in Queensland. Women could sit for an examination to demonstrate elementary knowledge of general housework skills (cooking, needlework etc), and go on to sit an advanced exam to receive a diploma, and full membership of the League: 'It is believed that such a hallmark of efficiency will go far towards giving such women the status of their sisters who are certificated teachers or district nurses', wrote Moore.\nBy the 1950s, the Courier-Mail's 'Women's Interests' section was a far more splashy affair, dominated by photographs of women engaged, married or going abroad. Its editor complained that 'the ranks of Brisbane's society girls are thinning out so quickly with the steady stream making for England, that soon it will be necessary to go overseas just to find out what Brisbane people are doing'. Pages were dedicated, magazine-style, to society gossip and fashion. A caption in February 1950 described the 'unusual fashion accessory' of one Mrs. John Down, who arrived at a supper party wearing a 'fascinating cloche hat, complete with a full-size bird draped under her chin'. By this time Moore was no longer heading the section, but she continued to submit a weekly column on Wednesdays entitled 'Speaking for Women'. Again, her discussion was wide-ranging. One week Moore was writing about the shortage of trained nurses, or the need for women to assert themselves in the workplace, and the next, she was illuminating her readers on the subject of vice-regal etiquette and how to present oneself.\nAccording to historian Patience Thoms, Winifred Moore 'wrote as a woman, not a feminist, but as one conscious of the contribution women could make if they had the will'.\n", "Events": "Career in journalism active (1920 - 1950)", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/they-wrote-as-women\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/the-womens-pages-australian-women-and-journalism-since-1850-2\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/austlit-the-australian-literature-resource\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Barney, Elise", "Entry ID": "AWE3663", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/barney-elise\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Lisbon, Portugal", "Death Place": "Fortitude Valley, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Postmistress", "Summary": "Elise Barney was appointed to the position of postmistress at Brisbane, following the death of her husband Leiut. John Edward Barney.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/barney-elise-1811-1883\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/200-australian-women-a-redress-anthology\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Chauvel, Elsa", "Entry ID": "AWE3675", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/chauvel-elsa\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Collingwood, Victoria, Australia", "Death Place": "Toowoomba, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Filmmaker", "Summary": "Elsa Chauvel collaborated with her filmmaker husband, Charles Chauvel, on a number of feature films including Uncivilized (1936), Forty Thousand Horsemen (1941), Sons of Matthew (1949), Jedda (1955) and Heritage (1935).\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/200-australian-women-a-redress-anthology\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/chauvel-elsa-1898-1983\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/the-encyclopedia-of-women-and-leadership-in-twentieth-century-australia\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Mayo, Lilian Daphne", "Entry ID": "AWE3724", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/mayo-lilian-daphne\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Sydney, New South Wales, Australia", "Death Place": "Brisbane, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Sculptor", "Summary": "Daphne Mayo studied sculpture in Sydney and London before travelling through France and Italy as a Royal Academy travelling scholar. She returned to Brisbane in 1925 and carved the Brisbane City Hall tympanum (1927-30); the Queensland Women's War Memorial, Anzac Square (1929-32); and relief panels for the chapel at Mt Thompson Crematorium (1934). With Vida Lahey she founded the Queensland Art Fund. In 1960 she was appointed the Queensland Art Gallery's first woman trustee. Her last large commission was a statue of Sir William Glasgow (1961-64).\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/200-australian-women-a-redress-anthology\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/daphne-mayo-a-tribute-to-her-work-for-art-in-queensland\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/daphne-mayo-sculptor\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/two-artists-queensland-daphne-mayo-and-vida-lahey-a-brief-look-at-their-lives-and-works\/", "Archival Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/daphne-mayo-australian-art-and-artists-file\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/public-library-of-new-south-wales-the-eastern-aboriginal-doors-sculpted-by-daphne-mayo\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/daphne-mayo-papers\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Whitty, Ellen", "Entry ID": "AWE3759", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/whitty-ellen\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Near Oilgate, County Wexford, Ireland", "Death Place": "Brisbane, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Religious Sister", "Summary": "Ellen Whitty, best known as Mother Vincent, joined the Catholic Order of the Sisters of Mercy in Ireland in 1831. She was elected as Reverend Mother in 1849. Mother Vincent was invited with five Sisters to join the newly formed diocese of Queensland, and arrived there in 1861. She returned to Ireland in 1870 to recruit nuns and take up the position of assistant to the Queensland head of the Order.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/whitty-ellen-1819-1892\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/200-australian-women-a-redress-anthology\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Cullen, Jean", "Entry ID": "AWE3781", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/cullen-jean\/", "Type": "Person", "Death Place": "Brisbane, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Cartoonist, Illustrator, Journalist", "Summary": "Jean Cullen was an illustrator and humorous artist who worked for Smith's Weekly in the period 1941-1950. She also created the teenage cartoon character 'Pam' for the Brisbane Courier Mail , a character that Marie Horseman continued to develop after Cullen took her own life in 1950.\nIn 1945, Cullen published an adult illustrated book that was quickly banned called Hold that Halo, or, How to lose it in ten easy lessons. The comic narrated the trials and tribulations of a young woman during the second word war and was a stark commentary on the sexual double-standard as it applied to women.\n", "Details": "Hold that Halo, or, How to lose it in ten easy lessons\n(On the frontispiece)\n\"Breathes there a girl with soul so dead,\nWho never to herself hath said:\nThis is my halo, all my own,\nBut how I wish the thing were flown.\"\n (with apologies to Sir Walter Scott)\nAdam and Eve have caused these rhymes\nTwo souls in Heav'n, with what good times!\nThey frolicked round thru' every hour.\nEve's halo drop't, with apples sour.\nThen Cleo, Egypt's pride of all\nToo saw her halo take its fall.\nThis Nile-ish gal with men galore\nLoved many, yet she wanted more.\nAn' this is how it all began\nAs old-time girls from halos ran.\nPerchance 'tis said the story's old\nThat halos drop if girls be bold.\nBut let's tell on 'ere you condemn\nWhat halos mean to modern femme.\nThis halo's lass took Ma's advice\n\"Beware of men with tinge of vice!\"\nThis lovely girl was a halo's sort\nAnd \"Nay'd\" men's curious thoughts of sport.\nShe stayed home nights all full of wonder\nWhy saucyer girls oft stole her thunder.\nThis halo'd charmente oh! was poor\nTill a gay bold wolf knocked at her door.\nShe yielded, made the bad wolf pay\nHer halo's gone: she's rich that way.\nThis halo'd heiress found wealth a bore\nMen liked her cash: that made her sore\nThey passed her halo ashine without sin\nThey used her coupons to drink her gin.\nAnother with halo, alas! without vim, (A picture of a school marm reading books called 'Say yes and like it' and 'How to have it' accompanies this verse)\nWith past all dopey - her future looks dim.\nShe's booked to be spinster's of virtuous bed,\nWith halo intacta, the burglar's worst dread.\nThis girl had a halo but not for long,\nShe lost it a'wrestling, the guy was strong.\nShe' wasn't upset when it went off fast,\nHer moto: \"Why worry? They're not meant to last.'\nI've told you solme secrets of gals good and bad,\nOf rich girls and poor gals, of gay femmes and sad.\nAnd last but not least of the girl who will bawl:\nBut whay all this fuss about halos and all?\nSo the moral is written for all girls to see:\n\"Ah, don't trust your halo where it oughtn't to be.\"\n", "Events": "Career in journalism active (1940 - 1950)", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/artists-and-cartoonists-in-black-and-white-the-most-public-art\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/black-and-white-exhibition-fifty-years-of-australian-cartooning\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/hold-that-halo-or-how-to-lose-it-in-ten-easy-lessons\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/the-womens-pages-australian-women-and-journalism-since-1850-2\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/horseman-marie-compston-mollie-1911-1974\/", "Archival Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/selection-of-cartoon-drawings-from-smiths-weekly-ca-1930-1950\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Devanny, Jean", "Entry ID": "AWE3983", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/devanny-jean\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Ferntown, Collingwood, New Zealand", "Death Place": "Townsville, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Feminist, Trade unionist, Writer", "Summary": "Jean Devanny was a novelist and prominent member of the Communist Party of Australia with a particular interest in the position of women in Australian culture and society. A staunch labour activist, she was also an admirer of the work of birth control activist, Marion Piddington. Initially living in Sydney, she eventually moved to Queensland, where she was caught up in the 1935 canecutter's strike. Her best known novel Sugar Heaven was based on these events.\nHer energy was much admired by many of her contemporaries. Katherine Susannah Prichard, for instance, wrote that 'Jean Devanny is wonderful. No one I know is so vital, magnetic, absolutely devoted and disinterested. She is a great woman\u2026I wish I could give all my time to Party work as she does.'\n", "Details": "Born in New Zealand, Jean Devanny arrived in Australia with her husband and two teenage children in 1929. Almost immediately, she became active in political and feminist circles; as a New Zealander, she was surprised by the relative absence of women from these circles in Australia. She spoke publicly to encourage women to participate in the political process and she was unimpressed by the masculinism of Australian social and cultural life. She described mateship as 'as enthusiasm which, since it was camaraderie not extended to include women I was sceptically unresponsive.'\nA member of the Communist Party of Australia throughout the 1930s, she had several run-ins with the executive until she was eventually expelled for alleged 'political degeneracy'. Her commitment to literary form as well as sound ideological content saw her repeatedly clash with the Central Committee, but it was a campaign of sexual slander while she was on a speaking tour of the Atherton Tablelands and Far North Queensland that led to her expulsion.\nAlthough distressed by the way she was treated, Devanny did not repudiate Marxism-Leninism, only the style of the Communist Party of Australia.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/women-in-australia-an-annotated-guide-to-records-2\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/jean-devanny-romantic-revolutionary\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/sugar-heaven\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/eugenic-reform-and-the-unfit\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/laughter-not-for-a-cage-notes-on-australian-writing-with-biographical-emphasis-on-the-struggles-function-and-achievements-of-the-novel-in-three-half-centuries\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/australian-feminism-a-companion\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/paradise-flow\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/bird-of-paradise\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/devanny-jane-jean-1894-1962\/", "Archival Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/jean-devanny-archive\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/miles-franklin-papers-correspondence-with-jean-devanny\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/papers-of-eleanor-dark-1910-1974-manuscript\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/biographical-cuttings-on-jean-devanny-writer-containing-one-or-more-cuttings-from-newspapers-or-journals\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Cooper, Lilian Violet", "Entry ID": "AWE4027", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/cooper-lilian-violet\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Clapham, England", "Death Place": "Kangaroo Point Brisbane, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Medical practitioner, Surgeon", "Summary": "Described as 'a tall, angular, brusque, energetic woman, prone to bad language'. Lilian Cooper completed her medical training, despite opposition from her parents, at the London School of Medicine for Women in 1890. She travelled to Australia in 1891, settling in Brisbane, Queensland, where she became the first female doctor registered in Queensland. Some years later, she travelled back to Europe, via the United States. She received a doctorate of medicine from the University of Durham in June 1912.\nCooper settled again in Brisbane after the end of the Great War and established a large and successful practice. In 1926 she bought a house called Old St Mary's in Main Street, Kangaroo Point, Brisbane and settled there in semi-retirement, becoming a foundation fellow of the Royal Australasian College of Surgeons in 1928. She retired in 1941 and died in her home on 18 August 1947.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/cooper-lilian-violet-1861-1947\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/lilian-cooper-1861-1947-and-bedford-josephine-1861-1955\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/cooper-lilian-violet-1861-1947-and-bedford-mary-josephine-1861-1955\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/lilian-cooper-and-josephine-bedford-lifelong-companions-who-travelled-against-the-tide\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/lesbians-in-1900s-brisbane\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/lilian-violet-cooper\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/lilian-violet-cooper-1861-1947-queenslands-first-female-medical-practitioner\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Harrod, Clara Ellen", "Entry ID": "AWE4048", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/harrod-clara-ellen\/", "Type": "Person", "Death Place": "Mitchell, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Pioneer", "Summary": "Clara Harrod and her sister Emma were among the first white women to settle in the Barrier Ranges district of New South Wales.\n", "Details": "Clara and Emma Harrod, along with their brothers William and Charles Stayte Junior, were the children of Charles Harrod and Elizabeth Stayte. Charles Senior was the eldest son of Sir William Harrod of Gloucestershire and Lady Ambage. The family migrated from England to Australia in 1852, arriving in Melbourne on the Marco Polo in September of that year. \nBy 1859, the Harrods were living in Swan Hill. Despite his aristocratic heritage, Charles was consistently in financial strife. According to Clara's personal memoir, Charles offered Emma's hand in marriage to local publican Henry Raines in exchange for land. Raines, a partner in Cobb & Co. who owned several tracts of land around the colony of Port Phillip, adopted Clara and paid for her education at Kyneton. \nIn 1867, Clara and Emma set out on a 400 mile journey by horse to the Barrier Ranges in New South Wales, where Raines had settled on land at Mt Gipps Station. The inhospitable climate was made worse by an even less hospitable welcome from Raines when they did finally arrive, parched and exhausted. Already a heavy drinker, he became violent and abusive. Nonetheless, it was Clara Harrod who laid the foundation stone that year for Raines' hotel, the Small Thorns Hotel (later the Mt Gipps Hotel).\nHenry Raines died in 1873. In 1877, Emma fell pregnant to Duncan McIntyre. She gave birth to a son, Montaglie Stewart McIntyre, in April 1878, but the child lived less than a year. Emma was later remarried to T.G. Alcock and moved to Mitchell, Queensland, in 1884.\nClara Harrod married James Stewart Campbell at the Small Thorns Hotel, Mt Gipps, on 11 May 1871 and lived with him at Langawirra Station. Her first daughter, Clara Victoria Elizabeth Campbell, was born in March 1873. A son, Eion, followed some years later. The family lived at several different stations before settling at their property, Claravale, in Queensland. James Campbell died in 1908. As widows, Clara and Emma lived together at Mitchell.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/some-outstanding-women-of-broken-hill-and-district\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/the-memoirs-of-clara-ellen-campbell\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/unbroken-spirit-women-in-broken-hill\/", "Archival Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/family-history-and-papers-1871-1975-manuscript\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Mother Emma", "Entry ID": "AWE4160", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/mother-emma\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Woolwich, Kent, England", "Death Place": "Brisbane, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Administrator, Religious Sister, Teacher", "Summary": "Emma Crawford probably migrated to Brisbane in 1896 and almost immediately involved herself in the work of the Society of the Sacred Advent, a religious order committed to the care of Brisbane's underprivileged women and children. She presided over the Society's establishment of Anglican schools (all public teaching in Queensland was legislated secular) and made them financially viable. After developing an industrial school for wayward girls in Brisbane, the community took charge of a school in Stanthorpe in 1909 which was later moved to Warwick and named St Catharine's. She also helped to establish boarding schools for girls in Townsville, Herberton, Charters Towers, Yeppoon and Brisbane.\nBy the time Mother Emma died, in 1939, the Society was active in three of Queensland's five Dioceses - this despite never having more that thirty professed sisters working during the course of her lifetime.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/crawford-emma-1864-1939\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/", "Archival Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/society-of-sacred-advent-papers\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Gamin, Judith Margaret", "Entry ID": "AWE4222", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/gamin-judith-margaret\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Broken Hill, New South Wales, Australia", "Death Place": "Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Parliamentarian", "Summary": "A member of the National Party, Judy Gamin was elected as the Member for South Coast in 1988 at a by-election, but was defeated at the 1989 election. She was elected as Member for newly created seat of Burleigh at the 1992 election. She was re-elected in 1995 and 1998, but was ultimately defeated at the 2001 election. Before her election to the state parliament, she stood unsuccessfully in the federal seat of Moncrieff at the 1984 election.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/women-in-the-queensland-parliament-1929-1994\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/women-in-the-queensland-parliament-historical-and-contemporary-perspectives\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/", "Archival Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/biographical-cuttings-on-judy-gamin-containing-one-or-more-cuttings-from-newspapers-or-journals\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Phillips, Anita Frances", "Entry ID": "AWE4256", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/phillips-anita-frances\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Melbourne, Victoria, Australia", "Death Place": "Kawana Waters, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Parliamentarian, Social worker", "Summary": "A member of the Australian Labor Party, Anita Phillips was elected to the Parliament of Queensland as the Member for Thuringowa in 2001. She retired in February 2004 to contest the federal seat of Herbert in November 2004 but was unsuccessful on that occasion.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Spender, Dale", "Entry ID": "AWE4430", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/spender-dale\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia", "Death Place": "Brisbane, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Writer", "Summary": "Dale Spender distinguished herself as a writer on feminist and women's issues. Whilst living in England from 1974 to 1986 she was active in feminist groups there, serving on the executive of the Fawcett Society from 1983 to 1987. On her return to Australia she was appointed an honorary fellow at the University of Queensland.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/australian-feminism-a-companion\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/man-made-language\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/the-language-of-sexism\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/the-encyclopedia-of-women-and-leadership-in-twentieth-century-australia\/", "Archival Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/dale-spender-papers-1972-1995\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Marchisotti, Daisy Elizabeth", "Entry ID": "AWE4432", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/marchisotti-daisy-elizabeth\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Carlton, Victoria, Australia", "Death Place": "Brisbane, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Activist, Journalist", "Summary": "Born in 1904, Daisy Marchisotti developed an interest in left-wing politics in the 1940s. She eventually joined the Communist Party of Australia (CPA) in the 1950s, giving up a better-paying job as a stenographer to work for the party. In 1964 she was part of a CPA women's delegation to the Soviet Union.\nMarchisotti took an active interest in indigenous affairs and was involved with the Queensland Council for the Advancement of Aborigines and Torres Strait Islanders (QCAATI) and the Federal Council for the Advancement of Aborigines and Torres Strait Islanders (FCAATSI). She edited the Federal Council's newsletter and wrote articles on indigenous issues for FCAATSI and the CPA.\nIn 1982 she was still fighting for Aboriginal rights. After being arrested for joining an Aboriginal protest outside the Commonwealth Games venue in Brisbane, she told the magistrate: \"I am seventy-eight years old and a pensioner. I did not take part in my action lightly. [It was] my belief that the only way to change Queensland's racist laws was to take the action I did.\"\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/worth-fighting-for\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/land-rights-the-black-struggle-an-outline\/", "Archival Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/marchisotti-irving-daisy-elizabeth-volume-1\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/marchisotti-irving-daisy-elizabeth-volume-2\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/marchisotti-daisy-elizabeth-volume-3\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/marchisotti-daisy-elizabeth-volume-4\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/marchisotti-daisy-elizabeth-volume-5\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/marchisotti-irving-daisy-elizabeth-volume-6\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/marchisotti-irving-daisy-elizabeth-volume-7\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/daisy-marchisotti-papers\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/terrible-wages-discrimination-1967\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Buchanan, Florence Griffiths", "Entry ID": "AWE4434", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/buchanan-florence-griffiths\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Canterbury, Kent, England", "Death Place": "Brisbane, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Missionary, Teacher", "Summary": "Florence Buchanan spent much of her life working in Anglican missions on Thursday and Moa Islands, north of Australia, despite a number of health problems. In 1887 she migrated to Australia, landing in Bundaberg, Queensland with her two brothers. She later assumed responsibility for the fundamentalist non-denominational South Seas Evangelical Mission, also know as the Queensland Kanaka Mission. During the 1890s she worked on Thursday Island and was ordained there as a deaconess in 1908. In the same year she went to Moa Island to conduct the Anglican mission and teach school. In 1911 she resigned from her position, due to ill-health, but continued to teach until her return to Brisbane in 1913.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/buchanan-florence-griffiths-1861-1913\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/florence-buchanan-the-little-deaconess-of-the-south-seas\/", "Archival Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/7945-florence-griffiths-buchanan-and-nigel-buchanan-correspondence-1861-1913\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Hetherington, Isabella", "Entry ID": "AWE4443", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/hetherington-isabella\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Ireland", "Death Place": "Mossman, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Missionary", "Summary": "Isabella Hetherington spent most of her life in Australia working with Aboriginal people. A member of the Baptist Church, she joined the Australian (United) Aborigines Mission from 1906, and served for three years at Wellington, New South Wales. She spent time at Manunka near Port Macleay, South Australia and at La Perouse in New South Wales. From 1930 she worked in Mossman, Queensland setting up a 'Faith Mission' in the Gorge reserve. In 1933 she was accepted as an Assemblies of God missionary to the Aborigines with the opening of a church and school building in 1938. She opposed the policy of removing children with a non-Aboriginal father from their families.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/hetherington-isabella-c-1870-1946\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/aboriginal-queen-of-sacred-song-her-life-story\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Trounson, Ethel", "Entry ID": "AWE4878", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trounson-ethel\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Queanbeyan, New South Wales, Australia", "Death Place": "Boonah, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Community stalwart", "Summary": "Ethel Trounson was a granddaughter of William Ginn, one of Canberra's well-known pioneers, who lived in what is now known as Blundell's Cottage. She grew up at the Canberra Park homestead and worked as a children's nurse to the Crace family in the early 1920s.\n", "Details": "Ethel Alice Ginn was born in Queanbeyan, New South Wales on 28 March 1900. She was the eldest of four children to Henry Thomas Ginn (1856-1939) and Elizabeth (Betsy) Winter (1876-1960). Henry and Elizabeth came from two well-known pioneering families from Canberra's Gungahlin region. Henry's father, William Ginn, emigrated to Australia in 1857 and settled in Canberra at Woolshed Creek, Duntroon, where he worked for Sydney merchant Robert Campbell. In about 1860 Campbell built a stone cottage for William which later became known as Blundell's Cottage. William with his wife Mary and their four children remained there until 1874 when they moved to their newly acquired property Canberra Park.\nIn 1899, William's two sons, Walter and Henry (Harry), built a new homestead at Canberra Park. In that same year Henry married Elizabeth Winter, daughter of John and Jemima Winter who were prominent early settlers in the region who are associated with Gungaderra Station, formerly known as Red Hill Station. Together Henry and Elizabeth settled at the new Canberra Park homestead, where Henry engaged in farming and agricultural pursuits. They had four children Ethel Alice, Elizabeth Lillian, James Henry and William John.\nIn 1917 and 1918 Ethel attended St Benedict's Convent in Queanbeyan where she successfully passed her elementary book-keeping and 'grammar of music' exams. When she was about nineteen, she became a children's nurse to the Crace family, another pioneer family whose associations with the Gungahlin Ginninderra district date back to the late 1800s.\nBy 1924 she had moved to Melbourne where she was governess to the son of Dr Valentine McDonald and his wife Everil in Toorak, Melbourne. It was here in Victoria that she met her husband Adrian Alick Trounson (1901-1981), a jockey. They married in 1931 and lived in Dandenong. Ethel and Adrian had three children, Colleen, Mary and Alick.\nTowards the end of 1937 they relocated to Ainslie in Canberra and continued to live there until the 1970s when they moved to Malua Bay, NSW. Ethel's remaining years were spent in Queensland with her daughter Mary. Ethel Trounson died on 1 April in 1993 at Boonah, Queensland.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/a-house-in-history-heritage-and-tourism-shifting-times-at-blundells-cottage-canberra\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/campbell-robert-1804-1859\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/heritage-decision-about-provisional-registration-of-canberra-park-gungahlin-notice-2011-notifiable-instrument-ni2011%e2%88%92632\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/elementary-book-keeping\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/royal-academy-of-music\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/pioneers-reunion-at-canberra-park\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/from-lady-denman-to-katy-gallagher-a-century-of-womens-contributions-to-canberra\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/", "Archival Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/thomas-henry-ginn-date-of-death-23-04-1950-granted-on-22-06-1950\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Hamilton, Anne Dorothy", "Entry ID": "AWE4929", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/hamilton-anne-dorothy\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Kerang, Victoria, Australia", "Death Place": "Jindalee, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Campaigner, Dressmaker, Secretary, Women's rights activist, Women's rights organiser", "Summary": "Anne Hamilton was the second Queensland president of the Australian National Council of Women. She held office between 1964 and 1967, having already served as president of the Queensland Council from 1961 to 1964. Her period as state president was notable for successfully hosting the ANCW triennial conference and the International Council of Women regional seminar on international understanding in Brisbane in 1964. As national president in the ensuing 3 years, she set up the twinning relationship between the Australian and Thailand NCWs-a program initiated by the ICW to encourage 'reciprocal relationships between N.C.Ws of contrasting economic patterns'. Her period in office also saw continuing lobbying of the federal government for the lifting of the marriage bar on the employment of women in the Commonwealth public service (achieved in 1967), for equal pay, and for seeking Australia's re-election to the UN Status of Women Commission (achieved in 1967). As president, she also encouraged state NCWs to include welfare of Aborigines in the considerations of their standing committees, succeeded in persuading the government to include the portrait of an outstanding Australian woman on the new $5 note, and agitated for liberalising the means test for pensions with the aim of its eventual abolition. Hamilton represented the ANCW and the ICW at the International Federation of University Women conference in Brisbane in 1965, and led the ANCW delegation to the ICW triennial conference in Tehran in 1966.\nHamilton's other major interest was the propagation and growth of Australian plants, and she served as president of the Society for Growing Australian Plants, Queensland from 1965 to 1966.\n", "Details": "Annie Dorothy Hamilton was born on 22 June 1910 in Kerang, Victoria, daughter of William James Norwood McConnell of Barham, NSW, hotel manager, and his second wife, Eliza Anne Hobbs of Strathbogie, Victoria. Anne (as she preferred to be known) was educated at Esperance Girls' School in Victoria before embarking on a business course. She subsequently engaged in office work, apart from a short period as a dressmaker in partnership with an aunt in Swan Hill. On her return to Melbourne she met and subsequently married Charles A. Hamilton, architect, at the Gardiner Presbyterian Church, on 27 March 1936; they had 1 son, Peter (born 1938) and 1 daughter, Prudence (born 1947).\nAnne Hamilton's first public activism occurred in the immediate postwar period when, in opposition to continuing wartime rationing, she joined other women in campaigning to elect the first Liberal Party member for the Victorian federal seat of Balaclava in 1946. The family shifted to Brisbane in 1947 when Charles was appointed deputy city architect to the Brisbane City Council. To overcome her sense of isolation and constriction at home, she joined Forum, a group for encouraging women in public speaking. It was as this club's delegate that she joined the National Council of Women of Queensland. Like many women leaders of her generation, Hamilton found the domestic routine unstimulating, and NCW activities provided a more satisfying outlet for her talents and energies. She was elected state president in 1960. Her desire for effective and meaningful work is evident in her summation of the role as 'trying to stir NCW women to logical, informed mental processes and consequent action towards community welfare', and 'to attract women of spirit and intelligence to work with an organization of some significance \u2026 by persuading them that what they did had some real effect'.\nHer energetic leadership was focused first on finding solutions to the parlous state of the Council's finances, and, second, on shifting its headquarters from the 'squalid rooms in Celtic Chambers' to more comfortable accommodation in Ann Street. She was also responsible for beginning NCWQ's news-sheet, NCW News, in 1961, for using NCW auspices to inaugurate the Children's Film and Television Council and the Consumers' Association of Queensland, and for establishing a Townsville branch of NCWQ.\nThe Council's new rooms were used to host the International Council of Women's regional seminar on international understanding in Brisbane in September 1964, and Hamilton's home and gardens in Bardon were made available for a luncheon for delegates both to the seminar and to the Australian National Council of Women triennial conference held in conjunction with the ICW meeting. It was at this ANCW conference that Hamilton was elected president for the ensuing triennium.\nAs national president in the ensuing 3 years, Hamilton extended her interests into the international arena and was responsible for overseeing the setting up the long-mooted twinning relationship between the Australian and Thailand NCWs-a program initiated by the ICW to encourage 'reciprocal relationships between N.C.Ws of contrasting economic patterns'. As Hamilton reported to the 1967 ANCW conference, the 'joint association was a bit slow to get off the ground' owing to communication problems, but face-to-face meetings helped overcome initial difficulties. In 1965, Hamilton's ANCW Board set up a fund to help the Thai Council with developmental education programs enabling small numbers of village children in the north of the country to be brought to the city for a course of training at the University of Agriculture, so they could take necessary skills back to their communities, and for 40 village women to be taught to sew to provide school children with uniforms, among other things. Both programs were supervised by project committees established in the village, thus providing their members with administrative skills and experience. Hamilton visited the Thai NCW in 1966 and reported back that, as a result of these initiatives, the idea of education had been encouraged, and also the development of 'self respect, independence and cooperation'. ANCW would continue to provide funds, she said, including for a scholarship to educate a Thai student in her own country. ANCW also hoped to continue its participation in UNESCO's Study Tours for Women Educational Leaders and Leaders of Women's Voluntary Organisations, having in 1965 sponsored a 3-month tour of Australia by Mrs Tameno, a teacher and member of the Kenyan NCW.\nHamilton represented the ANCW and the ICW at the International Federation of University Women conference in Brisbane in 1965, and led the ANCW delegation to the ICW triennial conference in Tehran in 1966, where she attended the seminar on literacy held in conjunction with the conference. The main message she brought back to ANCW was that 'the true development of nations depends on the state of advancement of women and their participation in their communities', and that literacy, understanding and skills of communication formed the bedrock of the ability to participate. Like her predecessors, she had come to see support for the work of the United Nations as crucial for women everywhere, and her Board lobbied the federal government to seek Australia's re-election to the UN Status of Women Commission (CSW), achieved in 1967. She also put consideration of CSW's Draft Declaration on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women on the agenda for discussion at the 1967 ANCW conference in Melbourne.\nAt the national level, Hamilton, like her predecessor Dorothy Edwards, was concerned to 'to streamline methods of working'-'If A.N.C.W. is to tackle social problems, our lines of communication have to flow still more smoothly, administration has to be firmer'. But she was forced to admit, as other Boards had also found, that progress was 'slow and difficult', largely because of the limitations on continuity imposed by reliance of voluntary workers and the inevitable high turnover of personnel.\nOn policy matters, Hamiltons's period in office saw continued lobbying of the federal government for the lifting of the marriage bar on the employment of women in the Commonwealth public service (achieved in 1967) and for equal pay. As president, she also encouraged state NCWs to include the welfare of Aborigines in the considerations of their standing committees, succeeded in persuading the government to include the portrait of an outstanding Australian woman on the new $5 note, and agitated for liberalising the means test for pensions with the aim of its eventual abolition.\nHer term in office is also notable for the evidence it provides of anxieties about changes taking place in social mores; in her 1967 presidential address, Hamilton expressed concern about an apparent growth in 'selfish egoism', reckless self-indulgence' and 'callous disregard for human life and for the rights of others', reflected in problems as diverse as the rising road toll, offences against girls and women, and 'the rising rate of illegitimate births'. Conference resolutions and standing committee reports also reflected this anxiety, protesting against smoking in public places, lowering of censorship standards, and an evident rise in 'sexual promiscuity' and venereal disease. These and other matters were the focus of a seminar, Ethical Standards for Modern Living, which followed the 1967 conference and at which it was admitted that: 'Uneasiness and concern had been felt by NCW about the changing pattern of society'.\nParticipants in the end fell back on old verities in confirming 'the importance of the family unit for stability in society and the principle of one moral standard for both men and women'.\nIn the years following her national presidency, Anne Hamilton began to withdraw from NCW activities as a consequence of a series of family crises including hospitalisation of her daughter for several months after a car accident in 1967, her own increasing incapacity from an old back injury and arthritis, and husband Charles's severe heart attack in the mid-1970s. She focused her activities more on the Society for Growing Australian Plants (of which she had been president from 1965 to 1966, at the same time as she presided over ANCW) and, after Charles's recovery, on the investment portfolio she started as part of the family company Charles set up to fund their retirement.\nAfter Charles's death in 1986, Anne was able to continue living at home with the support of her daughter and son and their families until the mid-1990s. When the level of care she required increased beyond what the family was able to provide, she agreed to sell up and move to a retirement village at Taringa, then, as she deteriorated further, to the Tricare Nursing Home at Jindalee where she was still able to maintain a modicum of independence. She died there, aged 94, on 25 July 2002.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/stirrers-with-style-presidents-of-the-national-council-of-women-of-australia-and-its-predecessors\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/the-national-council-of-women-of-queensland-the-second-fifty-years-1955-2005\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/whos-who-in-australia-1965\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/", "Archival Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/records-of-the-national-council-of-women-of-australia-1924-1990-manuscript\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/7266-national-council-of-women-of-queensland-minute-books-1905-2004\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Macintosh, Laurel Jean", "Entry ID": "AWE4931", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/macintosh-laurel-jean\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Picton, New South Wales, Australia", "Death Place": "Brisbane, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Community activist, Ophthalmologist, Surgeon, Women's rights activist, Women's rights organiser", "Summary": "Dr Laurel Macintosh served for nearly 40 years as an ophthalmic surgeon in Brisbane hospitals, working all the while for women's rights and as a community activist. In her professional life, she chaired the Queensland Branch of the Royal Australian College of Ophthalmologists. Her community work took her to the presidency of both the National Council of Women of Queensland (1977-1979, 1994-1996) and the National Council of Women of Australia (1979-1982), and to membership of state, national and international committees with the capacity to influence government. An achievement of which she is proud is the winning of the case for late night shopping for Brisbane and Ipswich in Queensland's industrial court in December 1978.\n", "Details": "Laurel Macintosh was born on 29 April 1924 in country New South Wales, the daughter of C.H.V. Macintosh, a 5th-generation Australian. She was educated at Sydney Girls' High School and the University of Sydney, graduating in general medicine in 1946. She trained in ophthalmology at the Royal Brisbane Hospital 1947-1951, and then as a surgeon at the Royal Eye Hospital, London, 1951-1953. She entered private practice in Orange, NSW, 1954-1958, then moved to Brisbane where she became a visiting ophthalmologist with the Royal Children's Hospital and, later, with the Brisbane Repatriation Department, the Princess Alexandra Hospital, and the Narbethong School for the Visually Handicapped. She joined the Queensland Medical Women's Society and the Ophthalmology Society (later Royal Australian College of Ophthalmologists) in 1958 and was made a Fellow of the College in 1995. She was also made an honorary life member of the Australian Medical Association in 1996, after 50 years in the profession, and of the Queensland Medical Women's Association in 2004.\nDr Macintosh joined the Quota Club, a service club for professional women, in Orange and then Brisbane. Her introduction to the National Council of Women came in 1960 when NCW Queensland asked Quota to find someone to take on the job of state convenor for women and employment, and Laurel was duly appointed (1960-1975). In 1964, she was recruited to serve as international secretary on Anne Hamilton's ANCW Board; she remembers those Board meetings as 'the most fun I [ever] had'. She took on the task of Australian convenor for women and employment from 1970 to 1973, and the ICW vice-convenorship from 1973 to 1979.\nDr Macintosh's work for NCW led her into broader leadership roles within the women's movement: president of the Status of Women Committee (Brisbane) 1973-1976; vice-president of the United Nations Association Australia (Queensland) 1975-1978; chairman of the Queensland International Women's Year Committee 1974-1976 and a member of the National UNAA IWY Committee, under the chairmanship of Ada Norris.\nIn 1977, Macintosh became president of NCW Queensland and, on completion of this term in 1979, president of NCWA. She was rare among NCWA presidents in also holding down a full-time job, and only survived the workload by taking months of long service leave to allow her to travel within and beyond Australia. She remembers as a significant achievement of her presidency the development of close relations with the National Councils of Women of Thailand and Fiji-both 'twinned' with NCWA.\nThe most memorable event of Macintosh's presidency was the World Conference of the United Nations Decade for Women, held in Copenhagen in July 1980. She was one of 4 women from voluntary organisations who attended as official Australian government representatives-a role she found restrictive. Macintosh enjoyed good relations with politicians, state and federal, and with the federal Office of the Status of Women. When the Queensland government established an Advisory Council of Queensland Women 1975-1976, she was a founding member.\nDr Macintosh continued her involvement with Quota, holding the Queensland presidency from 1959 to 1961 and again from 1988 to 1989. She presided over the Queensland Branch of the Royal College of Ophthalmologists 1972-1973, acted as a federal councillor of the College 1972-1974, and, in 1995, became a Fellow of the College. She was twice elected president of the National Council of Women of Queensland-in 1977 for 2 years and again in 1994 for 4 years. As president of NCWQ, she was instrumental in obtaining late night shopping for Brisbane and Ipswich in December 1978, which involved appearing as an advocate in the industrial court where she encountered the opposition of unions and shop-owners alike. She also served on the Queensland Consumer Affairs Council.\nFrom 1982 to 1991, Macintosh was ICW convenor for the Standing Committee for Women and Employment and she continued to serve as a consultant from 1991 to 1994. During her many years of the involvement with NCWA and the ICW, she attended triennial ICW conferences in Nairobi 1979, Seoul 1982, London 1984, Washington 1988, Bangkok 1991 and Paris 1994, as well as executive meetings in Brussels 1981 and Kiel 1983.\nDr Laurel Macintosh was awarded a Queen's Silver Jubilee Medal in 1977 and appointed to the Order of the British Empire in 1980 for her services to women. In 1984 she was made a life member of NCWQ and, in 1988, an honorary life vice-president of NCWA in recognition of her long and distinguished service to the organisation. In the same year (1988), she was appointed a dame in the Knights Hospitaller Order of St Lazarus, an international humanitarian organisation, and in 2001 was awarded an Australian Centenary Medal for service to the community as president of the National Council of Women in Queensland.\n'All people should have the opportunity to develop what talents they have to choose the life they wish to lead while recognising the rights of others to choose differently. We need tolerance and understanding of each other.'\n", "Events": "Council of Queensland Women (1975 - 1976) \nInternational Council of Women (1965 - ) \nQueensland Medical Women's Society (1958 - ) \nQueensland Museum Advisory Committee on the Status of Women (1994 - 1998) \nQueensland UNAA International Women's Year Committee (1974 - 1976) \nQuota Club of Brisbane (1959 - 1961) \nQuota Club of Brisbane (1988 - 1989) \nUNAA Status of Women Committee (Brisbane) (1973 - 1976)", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/stirrers-with-style-presidents-of-the-national-council-of-women-of-australia-and-its-predecessors\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/the-national-council-of-women-of-queensland-the-second-fifty-years-1955-2005\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/whos-who-of-australian-women\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/", "Archival Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/ncwa-papers-1984-2006\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/7266-national-council-of-women-of-queensland-minute-books-1905-2004\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/interview-with-laurel-macintosh\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Parker, Judith Ann", "Entry ID": "AWE4938", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/parker-judith-ann\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Geelong, Victoria, Australia", "Death Place": "Brisbane, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Counsellor, Educator, Human Rights Advocate, Women's rights activist, Women's rights organiser", "Summary": "Judith Parker was an activist for human rights over a period of 50 years, with a special interest in the rights of women and children. She was particularly active in the National Councils of Women, at state, national and international levels, and was only the second Western Australian to hold the national presidency (2000-2003). She was responsible for winning the right to hold the International Council of Women triennial conference in Australia (in Perth) in 2003, the first time Australia had hosted this event. Judith Parker was also very active in the United Nations Association of Australia. In 2004, she was made a Member of the Order of Australia and, in 2009, she was invested as a Dame Commander in the Sovereign Order of Saint John of Jerusalem Knights Hospitaller, honouring her for her services to women and human rights.\n", "Details": "Judith Parker was born in in 1941 in Geelong, Victoria, the youngest of 8 daughters of Amelia and Thomas Sinclair. Her parents were both English-born and raised in Australia. Thomas Sinclair managed a series of building companies, and the family followed the building boom. Parker attended primary schools in Mornington, Victoria, and Telopea Park, ACT, followed by a secondary education at the Canberra Church of England Girls Grammar School, from 1953 to 1957. She remembers as formative experiences the training in logical thinking she received at the Grammar School, and the conversations she overheard between neighbours like Heinz Arndt and Manning Clark.\nIn 1958, Parker won a scholarship to study at the Melbourne Kindergarten Training College. She supported herself by working night shifts in the Down's Syndrome ward of the Kew Mental Hospital. She witnessed the transformation in that institution achieved by the reformer, Dr Eric Cunningham Dax, who did away with constraints like straitjackets for patients. From this experience, Parker took away an enduring interest in disability, especially as it affects children. The thesis component of her degree was a study of the effects of parental alcoholism upon small children.\nOn graduating, Judith Parker worked in a Canberra pre-school, the beginning of 32 years in the ACT education system. When a supervisor refused to endorse her decision to enrol a blind student, she took the issue to the school parents and the press, and eventually won her case. A growing interest in dyslexia led her to take a post-graduate course in special education at The University of Canberra, and later a second post-graduate degree in community counselling. She put these skills to use during her last four years in Canberra by running a special pre-school for elective mutes - children who could not or would not speak. In addition, Parker ran a private counselling service assisting children through grief and loss.\nJudith's marriage in 1962 to George Parker, an officer in the Customs Department, and the births of a son and a daughter, did not check her commitment to community engagement. Across this period, she held executive office in the National Council of Women of ACT, the Canberra Preschool Society, the Canberra Mothercraft Society, the ACT Teachers' Federation, SPELD ACT (the Dyslexia and Specific Learning Difficulties Association), NALAG ACT (the National Association for Loss and Grief), the ACT Women's Health Centre, and Anglican Women ACT. As president of Anglican Women, she initiated a series of forums about women's rights within the church, generating much debate.\nParker made an enduring mark in all of these associations, none more so than the National Council of Women. She attended her first meeting of NCWACT in 1961 as a proxy delegate for the Children's Book Council, and was 'blown away' by the 'thinking' women she met, like Alexandra Hasluck and Dame Pattie Menzies. She joined as an associate member, later acting as delegate for the Preschool Society, the Mothercraft Society, SPELD ACT and Anglican Women. She was quickly taken onto the executive and filled a number of roles, including as NCWACT spokesperson to Senate committees. She was also a NCWACT delegate to the UN Decade for Women Conference in Canberra, and to the ICW Conference in India.\nIn 1994, George Parker retired, and the family moved to Waikiki in Western Australia. Judith Parker joined the National Council of Women of Western Australia as an associate member, became the state convenor on child and family, and took various positions on the executive including three years as vice-president. Most unusually, she did not hold a state presidency before standing for national president; her term as president of NCWA WA would occur a few years later, in 2005-2007.\nWhen Judith Parker nominated for the national presidency in 1999, the competition was unusually fierce, with three candidates standing for the position; Parker's victory came despite being the youngest of the candidates and by reputation the most radical. She held the presidency of NCWA from 2000 to 2003. She listed amongst the achievements of her presidency the formation in 2002 of the Australian Women's Coalition, one of three coalitions representing Australian women to government; NCWA, having been funded to provide National Secretariat services, was the designated agency for its establishment. Parker also took pride in the establishment of the NCWA Young Women's Consultative Group and, above all, the organisation of the Triennial General Assembly of the International Council of Women in Perth in 2003. To bring the ICW assembly to Australia seemed an impossible dream; the ICW president told Parker that 'the women from Europe are not going to fly to Australia'. Parker made the dream possible by winning a Western Australian award that financed the preparation of the proposal to hold the assembly, by a passionate presentation of the proposal at the 2000 ICW general assembly in Helsinki, and, finally, by persuading the WA Lotteries Commission to make a very large grant towards the running of the assembly. The conference was a great success, confirming Australia's high profile within the International Council of Women.\nDuring the 2003 General Assembly, Judith Parker was elected to the executive of ICW, with the portfolio of managing ICW projects worldwide. Over the next six years she ran 34 projects around the world to better the lives of women and girls. These included building water tanks in villages along the Kokoda Trail in Papua-New Guinea; setting up computer classes for women in Macedonia; establishing a women's collective in Kenya to buy cows and sell their produce; starting a sewing centre in India for widows forced to become prostitutes; again in India supplying artificial limbs for people damaged by war and leprosy; and in South Africa two projects: one working with girl prostitutes whose parents had died of AIDS, the other teaching women to turn recycled materials into hats and bags and brooches for the tourist trade.\nIn 2005, Parker was an ICW delegate to the 'Beijing+10' conference in New York - the special meeting of the UN Commission on the Status of Women, which reviewed the achievements, and more particularly the failures, in the implementation of the Platform for Action set by the Beijing Conference 10 years before. On her return to Perth, Parker accepted the position of convenor of the Human Rights Committee of the United Nations Association of Australia. In 2008, she took on the role of state president of UNAA (WA Division) and, in 2009, she was elected vice-president of the national body. She was active in pressuring successive governments to further the cause of human rights in Australia, in particular to sign the Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women (CEDAW).\nParker continued her commitment to local community organisations, taking leading positions in the Rockingham Historical Society, the Rockingham Family History Society, the WA Genealogy Society, the Rockingham Women's Health Centre, and the vestry of St Brendan's Anglican Church, Warnbro. She was also a member of the Telstra Consumer Consultative Committee, representing women's interests, and patron of the Partners of Veterans Association (WA). In 2009, she was the chairperson of the committee Honouring Creative Women in Western Australia.\nJudith Parker was the author of several books and numerous articles dealing with the issues of grief and loss, child development and the value of play. In 2004, she was made a Member of the Order of Australia, 'for service to the community through the National Council of Women of Australia and a range of other organisations that benefit women and children'. In the same year, she was awarded the City of Perth Active Citizens Premier's Award. In 2009 she was invested as a Dame in the Sovereign Order of Saint John of Jerusalem, Knights Hospitallers, honouring her for her services to women and human rights. In 2012, she was a recipient of the United Nations Australia Peace Award.\nOn her return from the 'Beijing +10' Conference, Parker told the NCWA that: 'despite these developments all over the world, there continues a reality that women's fundamental human rights are denied. They lack basic education and training; many are unaware of their human rights; and to others rights are unattainable. The challenge is to implement the agreed goals, strategies and commitments made by governments, including the Australian government. To achieve this, non-government organizations, governments and the U.N. must work together'.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/stirrers-with-style-presidents-of-the-national-council-of-women-of-australia-and-its-predecessors\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/ncwa-quarterly-bulletin-2\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/winfo\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/a-peoples-movement-for-the-united-nations\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/a-national-osteoporosis-prevention-and-management-strategy\/", "Archival Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/national-council-of-women-of-western-australia-records-1911-2001\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/ncwa-papers-1984-2006\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/interview-with-judith-parker\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "McCorkindale, Isabella (Isabel)", "Entry ID": "AWE5219", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/mccorkindale-isabella-isabel\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Rutherglen, Lanarkshire, Scotland", "Death Place": "Brisbane, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Temperance activist", "Summary": "Read more about Isabel McCorkindale in our sister publication The Encyclopedia of Women and Leadership in Twentieth-Century Australia.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/the-encyclopedia-of-women-and-leadership-in-twentieth-century-australia\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "McKenzie Hatton, Elizabeth", "Entry ID": "AWE5223", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/mckenzie-hatton-elizabeth\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Richmond, Victoria, Australia", "Death Place": "Coolangatta, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Missionary, Social worker", "Summary": "Read more about Hatton Elizabeth McKenzie in our sister publication The Encyclopedia of Women and Leadership in Twentieth-Century Australia.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/the-encyclopedia-of-women-and-leadership-in-twentieth-century-australia\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Mayo, Marylyn", "Entry ID": "AWE5573", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/mayo-marylyn\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "New Zealand", "Death Place": "Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Academic, Barrister, Lawyer, Solicitor", "Summary": "Marylyn Mayo was an inspirational teacher to many female law students, and encouraged them in their legal careers. She established a full law degree at James Cook University and was influential on many of the University's boards and committees. Marylyn graduated with Bachelor degrees in Law and Arts as one of a small group of female law graduates at the University of Auckland in the 1960. After being admitted as a barrister and solicitor by the Supreme Court of New Zealand, she worked in private practice before joining the Ministry of Works as Auckland District Solicitor.\n", "Details": "Marylyn Mayo graduated with Bachelor degrees in Law and Arts as one of a small group of female law graduates at the University of Auckland in New Zealand in the 1960s. After being admitted as a barrister and solicitor by the Supreme Court of New Zealand, she worked in private practice before joining the Ministry of Works as Auckland District Solicitor.\nMayo began lecturing in law in 1969 at Queensland's Townsville University College, which later became James Cook University of North Queensland. As a woman in a predominately male academic field, she was an inspirational mentor for many women in North Queensland. She realised her dream of establishing a full law degree at James Cook University in 1989 and was the Foundation Head of the School of Law and acting Dean until 1990, after which she continued lecturing. Marylyn was deputy Dean until 1993. In addition to lecturing, she published articles and presented at conferences. She retired from academic life in 1996.\nMarylyn served on several boards and committees, including the Chair of the Townsville Hospital Ethics Committee, and membership of the University and National Health and Medical Research Council Ethics Committee. She also served on various university committees, including the University Council, Academic Board and Promotions Committee. She was president of James Cook University Staff Association and an active member of the James Cook University Branch of the National Tertiary Education Union. Marylyn died in 2002 and has several lectures and scholarships named in her honour.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/a-womans-place-100-years-of-queensland-women-lawyers\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/australian-women-lawyers-as-active-citizens\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Simmonds, Rose", "Entry ID": "AWE5985", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/simmonds-rose\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Islington, London, England, United Kingdom", "Death Place": "Auchenflower, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Photographer", "Summary": "Rose Simmonds was a Brisbane-based photographer who was the only female member of the Queensland Camera Club. She consistently won prizes in competitions run by the club and by the Australasian Photo-Review. She worked in the Pictorialist style from 1926-1932, using the bromoil process to achieve romantic effects, and in the Modernist style from 1933-1940.\n", "Details": "Rose Simmonds was a Brisbane-based photographer who was an active member of the Queensland Camera Club. From 1926-1932 she worked as a Pictorialist, and then from 1933-1940 her style was Modernist. She exhibited nationally and was made an associate member of the Royal Photographic Society of London.\nRose Simmonds was born in Islington, London in 1877. She was the second daughter of Millice Culpin, a medical doctor, and her mother was Hannah Louisa Munsey, n\u00e9e Muncey. The family migrated to Brisbane, Australia in 1891, her father setting up a medical practice at Taringa. Rose was educated at the Brisbane Girls' Grammar School and went on to study art at the Brisbane Technical College.\nShe married John Howard Simmonds on 30 March 1900 and they had two sons. John Simmonds was a stonemason who made a point of photographing the tombstones he worked on. He used a large-plate camera and set up a darkroom in the family home, where he developed and printed his photographs. Rose began assisting him with the photography side of the business and it was not long before she began taking and processing photographs herself. Initially, they were just snapshot photographs of the children, but a lifelong passion had been ignited and she was soon trying her hand at other subjects.\nFrom the late 1920s she was an active member of the Queensland Camera Club, being the only woman among the 14 members. She participated in excursions and presentations organised by the Queensland Camera Club, where an exchange of ideas and creative techniques was fostered. Rose Simmonds began entering her photographs in the monthly competitions that were organised by the Queensland Camera Club and the Australasian Photo-Review (APR and consistently won prizes for her entries. By 1928 she had been elected onto the Queensland Camera Club's committee.\nFrom 1926 to 1932 she worked in the new international style of Pictorialism, her subject matter including portraiture, still life and landscape. Like so many other Pictorialists, she experimented with soft focus and dramatic lighting, but her images were of a particularly high technical standard. She was especially fond of the bromoil process, which she used to create romantic effects. On more than one occasion her works from this period were reproduced in the APR. However, after 1933 her style changed as she came under the influence of modernist photography. Gone was the soft focus and representational approach; instead, she worked in a semi-abstract style using both man-made structures and nature to explore light and shade. Her photograph, Last Rays on the Sand Dunes 1939-1940, is representative of this style, the image capturing the soft undulating ripples of the sand dunes but removing them from any specific geographical or temporal context. As with her Pictorialist phase, she continued to be recognised for her outstanding technical ability during this time.\nFrom 1932 Simmons participated in exhibitions organised by the Photographic Society of New South Wales. She also participated in exhibitions organised by the Professional Photographers' Association of New South Wales and the Sydney Camera Circle in 1938. Her first solo exhibition was held in Brisbane in 1941. She became an associate of the Royal Photographic Society of Great Britain in 1937 and her work was included in an exhibition of Pictorialist photography held in Adelaide in 1940.\nRose Simmonds died on 3 July 1960 in Auchenflower, Brisbane, Queensland.\nTechnical\nRose Simmonds was noted for her technical skills including her clever use of the bromoil process.\nCollections\nJohn Oxley Library, State Library of Queensland\nQueensland Art Gallery\nPicture Queensland, State Library of Queensland\n", "Events": "A solo exhibition of Rose Simmonds' work (1941 - 1941) \nRose Simmond's work featured in the Professional Photographers' Association of New South Wales exhibition. (1938 - 1938) \nRose Simmond's work featured in the Sydney Camera Circle exhibition (1938 - 1938) \nRose Simmonds' work featured in a Pictorial photography exhibition in Adelaide, SA. (1940 - 1940) \nRose Simmonds' work featured in the Photographic Society of NSW Exhibition (1932 - 1932)", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/simmonds-rose-1877-1960\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/a-complementary-caste-a-homage-to-women-artists-in-queensland-past-and-present-5-november-4-december-1988-the-centre-gallery-bundall-road-surfers-paradise\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/rose-simmonds\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/rose-simmonds-queensland-photographer\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/queensland-pictorialist-photography-1920-1950-exhibition-catalogue\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/australian-women-photographers-1840-1960\/", "Archival Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/rose-simmonds-papers-1902-1941\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/4570-rose-simmonds-photographs-louis-wilhelm-karl-wirth-and-hubert-jarvis-works-of-art-undated\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/victorian-salon-of-photography-australian-gallery-file\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "McCausland, Sigrid", "Entry ID": "AWE6033", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/mccausland-sigrid\/", "Type": "Person", "Death Place": "BrisbaneBrisbane, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Academic, Archivist", "Summary": "Sigrid McCausland, a former Senior Lecturer in Archival Science at Charles Sturt University, Australia, was a leader in the international community of archival educators who made a particularly significant contribution to archival education. Her contribution to the field was acknowledged in 2016 when she was honoured with Fellowship of the Australian Society of Archivists.\nSigrid straddled, with distinction, both practitioner and academic roles during her career. Her practitioner roles were unusually varied and included work in government archives, private manuscript collecting archives in large research libraries, as well as many years as University Archivist at both the University of Technology, Sydney and the Australian National University.\nIn 2016, Sigrid was Secretary of the International Congress of Archives (ICA) Section for Archival Education and Training and also a regular member of the Archives and Human Rights Group.\nSigrid passed away in Brisbane, Australia, on 30 November 2016.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/sigrid-mccausland\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Barnard, Mildred Macfarlan", "Entry ID": "AWE6057", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/barnard-mildred-macfarlan\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Carlton, Victoria, Australia", "Death Place": "Brisbane, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Mathematician, Statistician", "Summary": "Mildred Macfarlan Barnard was a statistician, mathematician and biometrician. She worked as an Assistant Biometrician in the Division of Forest Products at the Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR) from 1936-41. Mildred lectured at the University of Melbourne and the Women's College, and later at the University of Queensland. She was also the first woman to chair the Brisbane Branch of the International Biometrics Society, Australasian Region, in 1972.\n", "Details": "Mildred Macfarlan Barnard was the child of Richard James Allman Barnard who taught mathematics at Queen's and Ormond College before lecturing at Duntroon Military College. From 1922 to 1933 he lectured at Melbourne University. The family had been long established in Victoria: Mildred Barnard's grandfather owned a pharmacy where the old Kew Post office now stands.\nMildred Barnard excelled in mathematics, winning the Dixson Scholarship in 1931, graduating BA and BSc. She took her MA the following year and in 1935 attended University College, London where she wrote the three papers that were accepted for her PhD from the University of London.\nReturning to Australia, she worked with Betty Allan (like her, an alumna of Melbourne Church of England Girls' Grammar School) as Assistant Biometrician in the Division of Forest Products of the CSIR from 1936 to 1941.[1] Her investigations covered such aspects as the holding power of coach screws and the serviceability over time of railway sleepers and telegraph poles. It has been noted that:\nBarnard was quick to point out the defects in such practices as picking out average-looking trees and taking many samples from a few trees rather than the other way around, advocating that representative samples be a priority, that random samples be used wherever practicable, that stratification takes place whenever appropriate, and that samples should be reasonably large in relation to the variability of the characters of interest. She would also point out that before sampling a population or obtaining material for an experiment, it is generally wise to obtain the advice of a statistician! [2]\nIn 1939 she married and until 1956, when the family left for Queensland, she lectured part-time at both the University and Women's College. She lectured thereafter at the University of Queensland. Her Elementary Statistics for Timber Research Workers, twice printed for internal CSIR use, was formally published in 1956.[3] In 1972 she became the first woman to chair the Brisbane Branch of the International Biometrics Society, Australasian Region.\n[1] For a brief description of Allan's life and work see Juliet Flesch and Peter McPhee. 160 Years 160 Stories. Melbourne: Melbourne University Press, 2013. p.4.\n[2] J.B.F. Field, F.E. Speed, T.P. Speed & J.M. Williams. 'Biometrics in the CSIR: 1930-1940'. Australian Journal of Statistics. v. 30(B) (1988): 54-76.\n[3] Mildred M. Barnard and Nell Ditchburne. Elementary Statistics for Use in Timber Research. Melbourne: Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization, Australia, 1956.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/40-years-40-women-biographies-of-university-of-melbourne-women-published-to-commemorate-the-40th-anniversary-of-the-international-year-of-women\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/barnard-mildred-macfarlan-1908-2000\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Harrhy, Edith Mary", "Entry ID": "AWE6181", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/harrhy-edith-mary\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "London, Middlesex, England", "Death Place": "BrisbaneBrisbane, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Composer, Music teacher, Musician, Singer", "Details": "Edith Mary Harrhy was educated at Shenley House School, London, and took her first Trinity College examination at the age of seven. Later she entered the Guildhall School of Music as an Ernest Palmer Scholar and here she studied piano, singing, harmony, counterpoint and opera. During this time she was the recipient of a number of annual scholarships and prizes.\nIn 1914 Edith went on tour with English violinist Mary Law and it was during her travels that she met William Constant Beckx Daly in Australia. The pair married on 8 April 1919 in London, before returning to Melbourne.\nDuring the 1920s Edith travelled with her husband for his work, all-the-while performing for charities, clubs and societies. From 1930 to 1933 Edith and her family lived in London, where she continued giving recitals. On her return to Melbourne, she began her work with amateur and semi-professional musical-theatre groups. She was involved with Gertrude Johnson's Australian National Theatre Movement from its inception in 1935, and was its musical director in 1940-48. She also worked as musical director with the Gilbert and Sullivan Society of Victoria, the Q Guild and the Lyric Light Opera Society. Edith also worked as staff coach and accompanist for the Melbourne Conservatorium of Music Opera Society from 1950.\nEdith was also a life governor of Prince Henry's Hospital and a member of the Lyceum Club.\n", "Archival Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/papers-of-edith-harrhy-1902-1992-manuscript\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/biographical-cuttings-on-edith-harrhy-containing-one-or-more-cuttings-from-newspapers-or-journals\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/manuscript-of-music\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/harrhy-edith\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/subseries-9-12-other-collections-1896-1984\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Olive, Win", "Entry ID": "AWE6205", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/olive-win\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Melbourne, Victoria, Australia", "Death Place": "Yaroomba, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Author, Peace campaigner, Writer", "Summary": "Win Olive was heavily impacted by the events of the Second World War, particularly as most of her male friends were deployed overseas to fight. This experience motivated Win's later anti-war activities, as well as her defence of the environment, her concern for Indigenous people and their fight for justice, and her decision to embark on the journey of the Pacific Peacemaker.\nThe Pacific Peacemaker sailed around the Pacific in protest of nuclear weapons, specifically the launch of the Trident nuclear submarines in North America. Setting sail in December 1981, the journey took the yacht's eleven crew members nine months. The voyage was documented in the film The Land My Mother by David Roberts and Win also published a book about their journey, titled Voyage of the Pacific Peacemaker.\n", "Archival Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/papers-of-win-olive-19-manuscript\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/win-olive-interviewed-by-anne-edgeworth\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/tom-and-mary-wright-collection-deposit-2\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Bonney, Maude Rose", "Entry ID": "AWE6219", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/bonney-maude-rose\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Pretoria, South Africa", "Death Place": "Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Aviator, Pilot", "Summary": "In 1931, aviatrix Maude 'Lores' Bonney broke the Australian record for the longest one-day flight by a woman and the following year she became the first woman to circumnavigate Australia by air. She was also the first person to fly from Australia to England and the first person to undertake a solo flight from Australia to South Africa.\n", "Details": "Maude Rose 'Lores' Rubens was born on November 20, 1897, in Pretoria, South Africa and later settled in Melbourne with her parents. Whilst helping the war effort through the Red Cross during World War I, Lores met Harry Bonney. The pair fell in love, married, and decided to settle in Queensland.\nIt was Harry's first cousin, airman Bert Hinkler, who sparked Lores's interest in flying. She began taking lessons and soon after Harry bought her a Gipsy Moth biplane, which she named My Little Ship.\nLores began breaking aviation records in 1931. Setting off on Christmas Day, Lores flew from Brisbane to Wangaratta, completing the longest one-day solo flight by an Australian female pilot.\nNext, Lores's sights were set on becoming the first female pilot to circumnavigate Australia. Despite a failed first attempt, Lores successfully flew from Perth to Brisbane in August-September 1932, flying a totally of 13,000km and being airborne for 95 hours and 27 minutes.\nTwo records was not enough for Lores and soon she was determined to become the first female to fly solo from Australia to England. Setting off from Archerfield aerodrome on April 10, 1933, Lores's journey was fraught with danger and along the way she crashed her beloved My Little Ship twice. Despite many setbacks, Lores landed in Croydon, England, on June 21 1933 after spending 157 hours and 15 minutes airborne.\nDespite having crashed her aircraft, the Australian press described Lores as the first female to fly solo from Australia to England. In 1934 she was appointed a Member (MBE) of the Order of the British Empire for her feat. Today, however, Jean Batten is regarded as the first woman to have completed this journey. Lores broke another record in 1937, by becoming the first person to fly solo from Australia to South Africa.\nIn January 1991 Lores was appointed a Member of the Order of Australia (AM) 'in recognition of service to aviation'. Despite her achievements, however, Lores's story sadly remains largely forgotten.\n", "Archival Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/papers-of-maude-bonney-circa-1920-circa-1990-manuscript\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/biographical-cuttings-on-lores-bonney-former-aviator-containing-one-or-more-cuttings-from-newspapers-or-journals\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/lores-bonney-aviation-archive\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/notebook-of-maude-bonney-approximately-1933\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/diary-of-maude-bonney-1933\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/diary-of-maude-bonney-1937\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Hopkins, Felicia", "Entry ID": "AWE6225", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/hopkins-felicia\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Bocking, Essex, England", "Death Place": "Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Social worker, Teacher", "Details": "After working as a governess in England, Felicia emigrated to Queensland in c.1862 with her four siblings. In 1865 she married school teacher Francis Hopkins. Felicia taught singing and needlework to the girls at Francis' school, and from 1913 - after the death of her husband - to 1924 she ran their bookselling and stationary business in Rockhampton.\nDuring the late 1860s, Felicia and her husband founded their own children's home for orphans at Athelstane Range.\nFelicia was also one of the first members of the Crusaders' Temperance and Home Mission Society in the area, which Francis and his brother had founded. In addition, she assisted with the foundation of the Band of Hope movement and held a class on her front verandah for more than 45 years.\nIn 1888 Felicia had become involved in the Young Women's Christian Association's (YWCA) Rockhampton Branch. She later became honorary secretary of this branch, a position she held for 24 years. In 1899 Felicia undertook a tour of Queensland, setting up new branches of the YWCA along the way. Felicia was also a member of the Society of Friends and the Benevolent Society.\n", "Archival Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/papers-of-felicia-hopkins-1841-1986-manuscript\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/marriage-certificate-of-francis-hopkins-and-felicia-smith-from-the-society-of-friends\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Walters, Anita", "Entry ID": "AWE6539", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/walters-anita\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Rose Bay, New South Wales, Australia", "Death Place": "Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Nutritionist, Patent examiner, Supervisor", "Summary": "Anita Walters (n\u00e9e Osmond) compiled the first Australian nutritional content of foods table. Called Tables of composition of Australian foods, Special Report Series 2, the report was published by the National Health and Medical Research Council in 1946.\nAfter working in nutrition, Anita became Australia's first female supervising examiner of patents in the early 1970s.\n", "Details": "Anita Walters (n\u00e9e Osmond) was born in Rose Bay, Sydney in 1923. She attended primary school in Adelaide, high school in Canberra and the University of Sydney, where she earned her Bachelor of Science in 1942.\nIn her senior year, she was school captain and received awards in academic scholarship, community service, sportsmanship and a Public Service Board scholarship that enabled her to study at the University of Sydney.\nAnita's summer job before starting university in 1940 was as a laboratory assistant with the CSIRO researching Lucilia cuprina, an introduced green blowfly that lays eggs on sheep, resulting in 'flyblow' or 'fly strike', a significant health risk to sheep.\nAfter achieving her Bachelor of Science, Anita started work researching human nutrition at the Australian Institute of Anatomy (1931 - 1984), part of the Department of Health in Canberra, and located in the renowned art deco building now home to the National Film and Sound Archive.\nIn 1945, Anita compiled a monograph called Tables of composition of Australian foods, Special report series 2, published by the National Health and Medical Research Council in 1946. The publication, widely consulted by dieticians throughout Australian and New Zealand hospitals, is regarded as the first Australian source that identified the nutritional content of foods - protein, carbohydrate, calcium, iron, carotene, vitamin A, thiamin (B1) and vitamin C. It also included a ready-reckoner for the rapid calculation of recommended dietary allowances. Anita updated the booklet in 1948, and again in 1954, 1961, 1966 and 1968 with colleague, Winifred Ellen Wilson. The National Library of Australia holds copies of the books. Anita's well-loved copy has brown-edged pages, a faded blue cover and is practically falling apart.\nDuring her time with the institute, Anita visited Northern Territory missions and primary schools from Darwin to Alice Springs including the Hermannsburg Lutheran Mission (125 kilometres west of Alice Springs) investigating blood vitamin C levels in boys.\nShe then became chief nutrition officer with the Public Health Department of Tasmania for four years in the early 1950s. She visited Flinders, King and Cape Barren Islands and the West Coast including the abandoned mining town of Gormanston as part of Tasmania's goitre prevention scheme. She also travelled through North-West Tasmania presenting demonstrations on preparing wild rosehip syrup as a source of vitamin C for babies and children because orange juice was considered expensive.\nAnita eventually left the Public Health Department: 'I was paid women's wages, which were less than men's wages, but I did the same work!', she said. She went into patent law where, said Anita, 'there was equal pay for men and women!' She qualified as a patent attorney but did not practise. Later, she was appointed to the Attorney-General's Department after achieving Office of Examiner of Patent, Grade 2.\nAfter Anita married, she moved with her husband to Port Moresby, Papua New Guinea. Her husband, who worked in the statistician's branch, Bureau of Statistics and Economics and was 'on loan' from the Australian government to the New Guinea government, assisted in setting up the first census program.\nAnita was one of the few Australian women in Port Moresby who did not work or have children to care for, so she joined the Port Moresby CWA and was president for two years. The CWA supplied lunches for the local primary schools and provided four rooms in the guest house for women going into hospital to have their babies in Port Moresby or Australia.\nThe couple moved back to Canberra and Anita resumed working at the Patent Office and became the first female supervising examiner in the early 1970s. She worked as a patent examiner until she retired in the mid-1970s.\nThe Walters had a holiday home on the Gold Coast, Queensland, which eventually became their permanent address. 'I feel very blessed to have done the things in my life that I have,' said Anita.\n" }, { "Title\/Name": "Hockings, Jessie", "Entry ID": "AWE6628", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/hockings-jessie\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Stamford Hill, Hackney, England", "Death Place": "Southport, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Community worker, Farmer, Volunteer", "Summary": "Jessie Hockings (nee Miller) was a child when her family migrated to Australia from England. After leaving London on 31 July 1909, they arrived in Brisbane on 20 September 1909. They then travelled to a property at Dulacca in the Western Downs region of Queensland.\nIn February 1923, at the age of 23, Jessie Miller married Frank Hockings and almost immediately moved to Thursday Island, where Frank and his brother ran the Wanetta Pearling Co. World War 2 interrupted those operations and the family moved backed to continental Queensland to run a dairy farm at Springbrook, which they purchased in 1945. Sadly, Frank passed away in 1952, but Jessie remained on the farm for another thirteen years. She moved down to the coast at Southport in 1965.\nRegardless of where she lived, the Queensland Country Women's Association (CWA) was a constant feature of Jessie Hocking's life. She was a member for roughly sixty years, maintaining a tradition that ran in the family. Her mother, Jessie Strathearn Miller, was president of Dulacca (Qld) CWA and a younger sister was the secretary-treasurer of the same branch. Jessie was a founding member of the Springbrook CWA in 1957 and a three-time president during the 60s to 80s. She was secretary-treasurer of the Thursday Island branch during her time up there.\nAs well as the CWA, Jessie volunteered at the Red Cross, an aged care residence, and the local hospital ladies' auxiliary.\nIn 1982, a British Empire Medal for Meritorious Civil Service, which she received on her 82nd birthday, acknowledged Jessie's community work, which she continued to do until well into her 80s.\nJessie Hockings passed away in 1991 and is sadly missed by her family and friends. Her legacy lives on in an educational bursary awarded every year by the Springbrook-Mudgeeraba CWA. Since 1992 the branch has presented a local primary school student with the Jessie Hockings Encouragement Award. The $200 bursary aims to help a family ease the financial burden of their child transitioning to high school. It represents her prevailing belief in the importance of a good education.\n", "Details": "The following essay was written by Avril Priem and published in the Winter 2020 edition of the CWA Queensland magazine. It is reproduced in full with permission.\nTHE LADY AND THE LEGACY\nStory by Avril Priem\nFor 27 years, Springbrook-Mudgeeraba CWA has presented a local primary school student with the Jessie Hockings Encouragement Award. \"This $200 bursary aims to help a family ease the financial burden of their child transitioning to high school,\" says president, Robyn Keene.\nWho was Jessie Hockings?\nJessie Hockings was a founding member of the Springbrook CWA in 1957 and a three-time president during the 60s to 80s. Well-respected and much-loved in the district, her belief in supporting education prevails through her legacy.\nJessie's granddaughter, Lorraine Mitchell, says her grandmother did not attend school while growing up on the western Downs. \"Instead, she had lessons at home because there was no money for boarding school.\" Lorraine continues, \"We affectionately called her Grandy. She was eloquent, well-read, an accomplished pianist and singer who held her audiences spellbound. She could quote Shakespeare, whip up a delicious strawberry mousse or make luscious brandied cumquats.\"\nPrickly pear, pearly shells and dairying\nAs a young girl of nine, Jessie Miller emigrated with her family from England in 1909 to the Dulacca district, west of Miles. In contrast to 'England's green and pleasant land', their new country was hot, dry and peppered with prickly pear.\nLorraine recollects the family story: \"When they first arrived from Brisbane with a month's supply of groceries, a 7-pound billy of golden syrup had burst over everything and there was no water to wash it off. Water had to be carted in barrels from a waterhole three miles away. The family lived in bush tents for 14 months while great-grandpa Miller built a house, a dam with pick and shovel, and tried to clear the land of prickly pear by hand - an impossible task. They eventually left that grant of land and developed Myalla, their wheat and beef property.\"\nAt 23, Jessie married Frank Hockings and moved to Thursday Island - to stay for 18 years. Frank and his brother Norman ran the Wanetta Pearling Co.\nWhen Japan entered the war in 1941, Thursday Island became an Australian military zone. The armed services requisitioned the luggers and pearling came to a standstill. Lorraine explains what happened next: \"In 1942, Australian civilians were ordered to leave within 24 hours. Grandy and her three children - my mother Robin, Peg, and David - were evacuated to Brisbane. Leaving her home and life on TI was very stressful for her. Grandpa Frank joined his family later and for a time worked in the Rocklea munitions factory that made hand grenades.\"\nIn 1945, the Hockings took up a dairy farm at Springbrook in the Gold Coast hinterland, and began the hard work of milking twice a day for 20 years. Lorraine's childhood memories are of lush paddocks, spectacular scenery, banana passionfruit growing under the verandah, and finger limes growing in tree stumps. And inside the farmhouse: \"the woodstove, Grandy's roasts and home-baked pies, a sweet cordial made from finger limes, and hot porridge for breakfast served with brown sugar and fresh cream from the dairy.\"\nIn the CWA\nBeing in the CWA ran in the family. Jessie's mother was president of Dulacca CWA and a younger sister, the secretary-treasurer. On Thursday Island, Jessie was the branch secretary-treasurer. \"As a Springbrook CWA member, she was often on the phone organising events, or chatting with members, supporting them and their families,\" remembers Lorraine. \"Grandy was gifted with a wonderful kind heart. Her positive energy and enthusiasm enveloped those around her.\"\nAfter Frank died of a heart attack in 1952, Jessie and family kept the farm going until 1965. She then moved from mountain to coast but continued to attend Springbrook meetings, getting a lift with her friend, Lola Hicks, who had also been a president over the years. Lola would motor up in her 1965 Humber Super Snipe.\nAs well as the CWA, Jessie volunteered at the Red Cross, an aged care residence, and the local hospital ladies' auxiliary. \"She was a hospital 'flower lady' for 15 years and used to say that a bit of flower power helps cheer up the day for both patients and staff,\" smiles Lorraine.\nJessie was also renowned for her jams, pickles and chutneys, all made from garden produce given to her by family, friends and neighbours. A local newspaper reported that in one year she cooked up 491lbs or 222kg! Her jars of tasty home-mades were given away for fundraising or entered into shows and CWA competitions. Her Madras chutney won the CWA state final two years in a row in the 70s.\nIn 1982, a British Empire Medal for Meritorious Civil Service acknowledged Jessie's community work, which she continued to do until well into her 80s. \"She was thrilled to receive a BEM,\" says Lorraine. \"It coincided with her 82nd birthday, so it was a double celebration.\"\nJessie Hockings passed away in 1991 at the age of 91. She was a quintessential CWA lady and true to the CWA Creed was always giving - and looking up, laughing, loving and lifting.\n", "Events": "Jessie Hockings was awarded a British Empire Medal for Meritorious Civil Service in acknowledgement of her community work across several decades. (1982 - 1982)" }, { "Title\/Name": "Berry, Alice Miriam", "Entry ID": "IMP0009", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/berry-alice-miriam\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Sydney, New South Wales, Australia", "Death Place": "Brisbane, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Community worker", "Summary": "Alice Berry understood the problems of living in rural Australia and was committed to finding ways to improve the lives of women and children in rural areas. Through her work in the Country Women's Association in Queensland, and in the Associated Country Women of the World, she made a lasting contribution to the provision of services in country areas. She was appointed to The Order of the British Empire - Dames Commander on 01 January 1960 for Service to country women.\n", "Details": "Alice Berry spent her early years in country New South Wales and attended a one-teacher school at Cobar, where her father, Charles Roy McKenzie, was the gold-mine manager. She continued her education at the Waverley Superior Public School, Sydney and later attended business college, where she gained secretarial skills. Her first position was as secretary to a real estate agent at Wentworthville.\nShe married Henry Berry, a wool classer, grazier and merchant, on 6 June 1921. He had served in World War I in the First Light Horse Regiment in the Middle East. They had two daughters and moved to a sheep property near Tumut, where they remained until 1927. Their next move was to Queensland for the health of one of their daughters and they settled on a property in the Mount Abundance District, near Roma. It was here that Alice Berry came to understand the problems women encountered in rural areas; for example, lack of facilities, poor roads and communication, spasmodic mail services and inadequate health care. She was aware of the role of the Country Women's Association (CWA) in improving life for women and children in rural Australia, and in 1928 she became a founding member and Secretary of the Mt Abundance branch of the CWA of Queensland.\nThe family moved to Woolabra in 1932, a 42,000 acre (16997ha) property in the Charleville district and Alice Berry continued with her CWA activities as well as her domestic duties. A self-reliant woman, she worked energetically for education, mothers' hostels, the aerial medical service and access to seaside cottages.\nDuring World War II she extended her activities to include work for the Red Cross Society and the Australian Comforts Fund. She was also a Commissioner of the Girl Guides' Association.\nDue to her husband's ill health they returned to live in Brisbane, but she remained the CWA's councillor for the Western Division in Queensland. In 1948, she was appointed state international officer and after Henry's death took over the management of Woolabra.\nHer appointments included deputy president of the state CWA (1951-1952), president of the associated Country Women of the World (1953-1959), president of the Queensland CWA (1961-1962), and national president of the CWA in 1962.\nShe was appointed OBE in 1954 and DBE in 1960. In 1971 she was made a member of honour of the Australian Country Women of the World (ACWW). On retirement in 1963, she worked for ten years on the Country Women's Association's archives.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/berry-dame-alice-miriam-dbe\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/the-many-hats-of-country-women-the-jubilee-history-of-the-country-womens-association-of-australia\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/faith-hope-and-charity-australian-women-and-imperial-honours-1901-1989\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/berry-dame-alice-miriam-1900-1978\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/", "Archival Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/alice-berry-cuttings-collection\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/records-of-the-country-womens-association-of-australia-1945-1969-2003-manuscript\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Bolte, Edith Lilian (Jill)", "Entry ID": "IMP0011", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/bolte-edith-lilian-jill\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Skipton, Victoria, Australia", "Death Place": "Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Community worker", "Summary": "Jill Bolte was appointed a Dame (Order of the British Empire - Dames Commander) on 01 January 1973 for public service to Victoria. She was associated with many community organisations, and participated in official duties, while her husband, Sir Henry Bolte, was premier of Victoria for 17 years.\n", "Details": "Jill Elder daughter of Daniel Fowler MacKenzie and Lilian May (n\u00e9e Moss) Elder, was educated at Skipton State School and Methodist Ladies College (Kew). She married Henry Edward Bolte (later Sir Henry) on 24 November 1934. Her husband was elected a Member of the Legislative Assembly (Liberal) for Hampton in 1947. Henry Bolte became leader of the Victorian Liberal party in 1953, and on 7 June 1955 the sixty-first Premier of Victoria. He served a total of 6288 days before retiring on 23 August 1972.\nJill Bolte's voluntary work included positions as member of the State Council, Girl Guides Association (Victoria); State Council member Red Cross Society (Victorian Division). She was president of the Meredith Red Cross from 1949 to 1960 and treasurer from 1939 to 1949.\nAn honorary member of the Women's Gallery Committee and Victoria League, Jill Bolte was also a member of the Alexandra Club, Royal Commonwealth Society, Liberal Club and Barwon Heads Golf Club. Her leisure actives included gardening, tennis, golf and fishing.\nIn 1960 the Australian Red Cross awarded Jill Bolte with a long service medal (20 years) and she received her first Bar in 1974. She also she received the Beaver Award from the Girl Guides Association.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/whos-who-of-australian-women\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/whos-who-in-australia-1985\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/faith-hope-and-charity-australian-women-and-imperial-honours-1901-1989\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Bage, Anna Frederika", "Entry ID": "IMP0096", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/bage-anna-frederika\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Melbourne, Victoria, Australia", "Death Place": "Brisbane, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Academic, Biologist, Sports administrator", "Summary": "Anna Bage was a talented scientist who worked her way through the junior ranks of the Department of Biology at the University of Melbourne to became a forerunner of women in public life in Queensland to where she moved in 1914 to take up the position of lecturer in charge of biology in 1913. In 1914 she became principal of the Women's College, a position she held for the next 32 years. She was committed to the cause of encouraging women to become tertiary educated and travelled widely throughout Queensland to promote her college to rural communities. She was a member of many women's interest groups, and played a lead rolein the formation of the Queensland Women Graduates' Association (later the Queensland Association of University Women). She was president of the Australian Federation of University Women in 1928-29.\nAnna Bage's interests were many and varied. A nature lover, patron of the arts and motoring enthusiast, Bage was also a member of several women's sporting associations. She managed the first hockey team in Australia to travel interstate, from Melbourne to Adelaide in 1908, and was president of the Queensland Women's Hockey Association in 1925-31.\nShe was appointed OBE - Officer of The Order of the British Empire (Civil) - 12 June 1941 for public service.\n", "Events": "Appointed Office to the Order of the British Empire (1941 - 1941) \nAwarded the McBain Research Scholarship (1907 - 1907) \nAwarded the Victorian Government Research Scholarship (1908 - 1908) \nConferred an honorary doctorate of laws by the University of Queensland (1951 - 1951) \nFinal honour scholarship in Biology (1906 - 1906) \nGraduated BSc from the University of Melbourne (1905 - 1905) \nGraduated MSc with second-class honours from the University of Melbourne (1906 - 1906) \nJunior demonstrator in biology at the University of Melbourne (1906 - 1909) \nMember of the National Council of Women of Queensland Recruiting committee (1917 - 1917) \nMember of the Senate at the University of Queensland (1923 - 1949) \nPresident of the Australian Federation of University Women (1928 - 1929) \nPresident of the Field Naturalists' Club (1915 - 1915) \nPresident of the Lyceum Club, Brisbane (1922 - 1923) \nPresident of the Queensland Women's Hockey Association (1925 - 1931) \nPresident of the Women of the University's War Work Group at the University of Queensland (1914 - 1918) \nPresident of the Women of the University's War Work Group at the University of Queensland (1939 - 1945) \nPresident of the Women's Club, Brisbane (1916 - 1916) \nPrincipal of the Women's College at the University of Queensland (1914 - 1946) \nResearch student at King's College, London (1910 - 1911) \nSenior demonstrator in biology at the University of Melbourne (1912 - 1912) \nSenior lecturer in biology at the University of Queensland (1913 - 1913) \nSubstitute delegate to the League of Nations Assembly, Geneva (1926 - 1926) \nSubstitute delegate to the League of Nations Assembly, Geneva (1938 - 1938)", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/bage-anna-frederika-1883-1970-biographical-entry\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/where-are-the-women-in-australian-science-2\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/degrees-of-liberation-a-short-history-of-women-in-the-university-of-melbourne\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/whos-who-in-australia-1950\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/200-australian-women-a-redress-anthology\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/shes-game-women-making-australian-sporting-history-2\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/faith-hope-and-charity-australian-women-and-imperial-honours-1901-1989\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/bage-anna-frederika-freda-1883-1970\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/", "Archival Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/anna-frederika-bage-records\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/anna-frederika-bage-records-2\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/anna-frederika-bage-records-3\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/miscellaneous-papers\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/bage-family-papers\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Smith, Ada", "Entry ID": "IMP0287", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/smith-ada\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Australia", "Death Place": "Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Typist", "Summary": "Ada Smith was appointed Typist in the Land Tax Branch, Brisbane in November 1911. She worked in various other positions, including Confidential Typist to the Deputy Commissioner of Taxation, Central Office, Melbourne (1921-1924) and Personal Typist to State Commissioner of Taxes, Queensland (1924-1942), retiring in December 1954. In recognition of her work in the Taxation Office she was awarded the Imperial Service Medal, 29 March 1955.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/faith-hope-and-charity-australian-women-and-imperial-honours-1901-1989\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/", "Archival Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/honours-and-awards-imperial-service-medals-date-of-award-16-june-1955-recipients-ayrton-alfred-william-and-smith-miss-ada\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Agnew, Mary Ann Eliza", "Entry ID": "PR00146", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/agnew-mary-ann-eliza\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Openshaw, England", "Death Place": "South Brisbane, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Education reformer, Kindergarten teacher", "Summary": "Educated in Liverpool, England, Mary Agnew moved to Queensland in late 1890 to join the Queensland Department of Public Instruction, taking the position of Kindergarten Instructor. Agnew was given the task of raising the standard of education for young children. Applying the methods of Friedrich Frobel, Agnew introduced a syllabus based on the importance of education through activity and play, stressing that young children could not spend long periods of time each day engaged in intellectual learning. Influencing departmental policy on infant and kindergarten work, it was only in the last years of her career that her revolutionary work in pre-school education began to be implemented.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/agnew-mary-ann-eliza-1857-1940\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/mary-agnew\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/34th-report-of-the-secretary-for-the-public-instruction-for-the-year-1909\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/links\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/preschool-pioneer\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/mary-agnew-kindergarten-instructor-for-queensland-schools\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/", "Archival Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/correspondence-3\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/registrar-teachers\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Berry, Margaret", "Entry ID": "PR00156", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/berry-margaret\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Naas, Kildare, Ireland", "Death Place": "New Farm, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Educationist", "Summary": "Immigrating to Australia in 1856 to begin her career as a teacher, Margaret Berry was soon appointed to the position of headmistress and teacher trainer at Brisbane National School in 1860. She\u00a0later moved to the Brisbane Girls' Normal School, where she became the first headmistress,\u00a0serving there\u00a0for forty-three years. Taking a stand for female teachers and students in Queensland, Berry was the only female teacher to give evidence to the Royal Commission into Education in 1874. She also campaigned for the equal pay of female teachers, as well as stressing her faith in the ability of senior girls to undertake advanced scientific subjects.\u00a0\u00a0Late in her career, she became\u00a0an official examiner of female teachers.\nBerry always expected the highest standards from her pupils and above all, she wanted her them to maintain a cultured mind and charming personality.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/berry-margaret-1832-1918\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/miss-berry-the-normal-girls-and-infants-school\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/there-was-a-spirit-about-the-place\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/royal-commission-in-education-votes-and-proceedings-queensland\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/board-of-general-education-queensland-annual-report\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/minister-of-public-instruction-queensland-annual-report\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/margaret-berry-a-pioneer-of-queensland-education\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/", "Archival Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/brisbane-national-school\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/female-teachers-registrar\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Brentnall, Elizabeth", "Entry ID": "PR00177", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/brentnall-elizabeth\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Mansfield, Nottinghamshire, England", "Death Place": "Brisbane, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Political activist", "Summary": "Elizabeth Brentnall was state president of the Woman's Christian Temperance Union (WCTU) in Queensland\u00a0from 1886 to 1899 and afterwards an honorary life president until her death in 1909. She first called for women's suffrage in her presidential address to the WCTU annual convention in 1888. The WCTU formed a separate suffrage department in 1891.\n", "Details": "Forceful, eminently capable and with fine organisational ability, Elizabeth Brentnall had been mistress of a large girl's school before her marriage. She was the daughter of a storekeeper in Mansfield, Nottingham. In 1867 she left her position as headmistress of the Wesleyan day school for girls at Bacup, Lancashire, and followed Frederick Thomas Brentnall to Sydney where they married.\nFrederick Brentnall, a moral extremist, opposed votes for women, except with the property qualification, which placed him in direct opposition to his wife's political ideology. Elizabeth and Frederick had two daughters; Flora, who in 1893 married Edgar Bridal Harris, a well established shipping agent, and Charlotte Amelia. Like her mother, Flora, was a confirmed suffragist and 'Y' organiser for the WCTU.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/a-journalists-memories\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/whos-who-in-brisbane-1900\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/the-encyclopedia-of-women-and-leadership-in-twentieth-century-australia\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Willmore, Henrietta", "Entry ID": "PR00187", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/willmore-henrietta\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "St George Hanover Square, London, England", "Death Place": "Wynnum Brisbane, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Musician, Women's rights activist", "Summary": "Henrietta Willmore received no formal musical training, but overcame this to emerge as a proficient pianist, much in demand in musical circles. As an accompanist or soloist in numerous concerts, she introduced a widening repertoire of classical music, frequently in collaboration with her friend Richard Thomas Jefferies. Her long teaching career began in 1867 through economic necessity when her husband's attempt to establish a printery ended in insolvency. Henrietta became music mistress at Mrs Thomas's Academy for Young Ladies. She pioneered organ recitals and organ-based concerts in Brisbane. She toured South Africa in 1896. Her final appearances were chamber music recitals in Brisbane in 1911 with members of the Jefferies family and her prot\u00e9g\u00e9 Percy Brier.\nWillmore believed in women's political rights and responsibilities; serving on the executive of several women's organizations. The Willmore Discussion Club was formed in 1931 in her honour. She was awarded the Medal de la Reine Elisabeth, a medal instituted on 15 September 1915 and awarded to both Belgians and non-Belgians for services to Belgium and its citizens as a consequence of the 1914-1918 war. It was awarded particularly for relief of the suffering of the civilian population and the sick and wounded.\n", "Details": "Henrietta Willmore was born on 27 March 1842 in London, daughter of a literary editor. Though she had no formal musical training, she became a proficient pianist. At Chester on 25 September 1862 she married Alfred Mallalieu, a property-owner. They arrived in Brisbane in the Prince Consort on 12 May 1864 with their infant daughter.\nFrom 1866 Brisbane audiences responded enthusiastically to Mrs Mallalieu. In 1867 she began a long teaching career when her husband's business failed. Henrietta became music mistress at Mrs Thomas's Academy for Young Ladies. She later taught at other schools and after her husband's death, increased her private classes. Dedicated and determined, she often took promising pupils without charge and gave freely of her skills and organising ability to further the cause of music.\nUndeterred by popular prejudice, she decided to become an organist. Her teacher was Walter Graham Willmore whom she married in All Saints Church, Brisbane, on 28 December 1885: they were unhappy and eventually parted. Henrietta was organist at St John's Pro-Cathedral from 1882 to 1885, at Wickham Terrace Presbyterian Church and at other churches, and pioneered organ recitals and organ-based concerts in Brisbane. The vogue for such entertainments did not last and her fund-raising concerts to retain the Exhibition Building's Willis organ were considered overly classical and met with a cool reception.\nIn contrast, her recitals in Sydney in 1890 proved successful, her pedalling being judged remarkably fine. On a visit to South Africa in 1896 she won praise for 'preserving a calm dignity and firm seat at the instrument while attacking all difficulties'. Her final appearances were chamber music recitals in Brisbane in 1911 with members of the Jefferies family and her prot\u00e9g\u00e9 Percy Brier.\nSurvived by two daughters and one son of the five children of her first marriage, she died at Wynnum, Brisbane, on 22 August 1938 and was buried in Bulimba cemetery with Anglican rites. There is a Henrietta Willmore memorial chair, carved by L. J. Harvey, in Women's College, University of Queensland; Mallalieu Home (her former house at Toowong) is a hostel for female music students.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/an-account-of-the-music-of-st-johns-cathedral-brisbane-from-1843-1887\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/life-and-influence-of-mr-richard-thomas-jefferies\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/the-bands-and-orchestras-of-colonial-brisbane\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/willmore-henrietta-1842-1938\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/", "Archival Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/om73-48-willmore-discussion-club-records-1935-1937\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/om80-54-henrietta-willmore-biography-ca-1940\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Thoms, Patience Rosemary", "Entry ID": "PR00216", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/thoms-patience-rosemary\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Sydney, New South Wales, Australia", "Death Place": "Brisbane, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Businesswoman, Journalist", "Summary": "Patience Rosemary Thoms was elected as the eighth president of the International Federation of Business and Professional Women at the Eleventh International Congress (1968) in London, England and held that position until 1971. She was the first International President from Australia, and also the first from the Southern Hemisphere. She had previously served as Australian President from 1960-1964. She was the Women's News Editor of The Courier Mail for twenty years from 1956.\n", "Details": "As President of the International Federation of Business and Professional Women (IFBPW), Pat Thoms made it a goal to visit as many affiliates as possible to facilitate two-way communication. During her previous twenty-two years of membership, she had held many positions of leadership in both Brisbane Professional Women (BPW) Australia and the IFBPW and was well qualified for leading the organisation, founded in 1930, into its fortieth year.\nAlthough she lived 13,000 miles from International Headquarters in London, Australia's geographical location meant that she had to pass over or through many countries in order to get to Headquarters. She therefore made it a point to visit as many affiliates as possible on her way to and from Executive Committee meetings. Logging over 200,000 miles during her term of office, President Thoms visited members in twenty-nine countries. The trip that was both the longest in distance and shortest in duration covered 29,000 miles in fifteen days! She wrote a history of the first 25 years of the Australian Federation of Business and Professional Women's clubs, 1947-1972.\nOn her retirement as the Women's News Editor of the Courier Mail in 1976 aged 60, she applied for admission to the Bachelor of Arts program in the School of Modern Asian Studies at Griffith University. She graduated in 1980. She worked part-time for the University as a public relations consultant from 1982 to 1986 before being elected to the University Council as a member of Convocation and an appointee of the Governor-in-Council.\nIn 1981 she became first chair of the new Brisbane College of Advanced Education Council. In 1988, she was elected deputy Chancellor of Griffith University and held the position until 1990. She was admitted to the degree of Doctor of the University in 1990. Griffith University awards the Patience Thoms Indigenous Australian (Honours\/Postgraduate) Scholarship annually. The scholarships are designed to assist Indigenous students moving onto Honours and Graduate studies at the University.\nPatience Thoms regarded herself as a feminist, \"but not a radical one\". In an interview with a female journalist in 1995, she recalled: \"the changes over the years since 1946 when I first became associated with the business and professional women's organization are really quite extraordinary\". \"Today's feminists don't think it's changed enough, and it hasn't. There are many things that still need to be done.\"\nAssociated organisations:\n\nMember of the Queensland Film Board of Review (1974-1985)\nMember of Ethics Committee of the Australian Journalists' Association\nMember of the National Drug Advisory Council\nMember of the Council of Queensland Women\n\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/history-1968-1971-patience-r-thoms\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/patience-thoms-obe-duniv\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Griffith, Mary Harriett", "Entry ID": "PR00229", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/griffith-mary-harriett\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Portishead, Somerset, England", "Death Place": "Brisbane, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Community worker, Temperance advocate, Welfare worker", "Summary": "Mary was known for her selfless work in the Brisbane community. She was a member of the Woman's Christian Temperance Union and became founding secretary of the Brisbane Benevolent Society, which helped people in distress following the disastrous floods in south-east Queensland in 1893. She was honorary secretary (vice-president 1912-28) of the committee of Lady Musgrave Lodge, a home for nurses and single female immigrants. As Queensland representative for the Travellers' Aid Society, she maintained contact with the British Women's Emigration League. She served on the ladies' management committee of the Hospital for Sick Children in 1894 - 1924.\nMary was president of the Young Women's Christian Association of Brisbane (1902-12), honorary president to 1921, then honorary life president. She was vice-president of the Queensland division of the British (Australian) Red Cross Society during World War I and in 1921 patroness of St David's Welsh Society of Queensland\u2014Sir Samuel had been founding patron in 1918. Other organizations to which she contributed her intelligence and energy were the National Council of Women, the Brisbane City Mission, the Queensland auxiliary of the London Missionary Society, the British and Foreign Bible Society, the Queensland Women's Electoral League, the Protestant Federation, the United Sudan Mission and the Charity Organisation Society. In 1911 she was appointed a lady of grace of the Order of the Hospital of St John of Jerusalem and was invested at Government House, Brisbane.\n", "Details": "Mary was the third of five children of Rev. Edward Griffith (Congregational minister) and his wife Mary, nee Walker. She was also the older sister of (Sir) Samuel Griffith, premier of Queensland and first Chief Justice of Australia between the years 1845 - 1920. When Edward (Mary's father) accepted a call from the Colonial Missionary Society to found a Congregational Church at Ipswich, he and his family moved to Australia, New South Wales (Queensland). Mary was a gifted writer who contributed articles to church magazines, often anonymously, and compiled a tribute to her father, Memorials of the Rev Edward Griffith (Brisbane, 1892).\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/brisbane-courier-10-july-1925-p-17\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/brisbane-courier-13-december-1911-p-11\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/brisbane-courier-2-may-1927-p-14\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/brisbane-courier-29-july-1930-p-18\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/samuel-walker-griffith\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/widening-horizons-the-ywca-in-queensland-1888-1988\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/the-encyclopedia-of-women-and-leadership-in-twentieth-century-australia\/", "Archival Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/om90-37-griffith-family-papers-1811-1932\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/miss-mary-griffith\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/the-other-griffith-mary-harriett\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Thomson, Estelle", "Entry ID": "PR00238", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/thomson-estelle\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Glasgow, Scotland", "Death Place": "Brisbane, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Artist, Author, Naturalist", "Summary": "Estelle Thomson was a member of the Queensland Naturalists' Club, contributing flowers, paintings and drawings to the club's annual wildflower show. She published Flowers of Our Bush (1929), a guide to Queensland wildflowers, which described and illustrated coastal species. From 1929 to the 1930s Estelle ran a weekly 'Wildflowers' column in the Brisbane Courier, illustrated by her own line drawings. This was followed by her column 'Nature's Ways' in the Telegraph which she maintained until 1950.\nAdditionally, Thomson lectured at women's clubs and schools, illustrating her lectures with delicately hand-coloured lantern slides. During the 1940s Estelle gave a series of children's talks on wildflowers on the Australian Broadcasting Corporation and produced a series of paintings of poisonous plants for the University of Queensland's Medical School. She deposited specimens in the Queensland Herbarium, including some collected on the Granite Belt and at Caloundra. Estelle was also an expert on Queensland birds.\n", "Details": "Estelle Thomson was the daughter of George Comrie-Smith, photographer and artist, and Ethel, nee Thomson. Both her parents were keen naturalists. Estelle's early love of nature was inspired by family visits to the Scottish Highlands and the Lakes District of Cumberland. She was educated at Calder House School at Seascale, Cumberland, and later at a school of physical culture at Dartford, Kent. Estelle was a teacher of physical culture and eurhythmics before her marriage in Glasgow in 1917 to her second cousin, the Queensland surveying engineer Aubrey Frederick Thomson (formerly von Stieglitz), then serving with the Australian Army in Europe during the First World War.\nIn 1919 Estelle and Aubrey Thomson arrived in Brisbane, later to be followed by her parents. They settled on a farm, Wombo, at Eight Mile Plains south of Brisbane, where they raised poultry and small crops until forced to abandon the venture in 1923. The then unspoilt bush of Eight Mile Plains made a lasting impression on Estelle and she became an active member of the Queensland Naturalists' Club from the 1920s. Estelle was vice-president in 1929-30 and president in 1930-31. She was to spend the rest of her life awakening public appreciation of Australian wildflowers, while also raising her four children.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/brilliant-careers-women-collectors-and-illustrators-in-queensland\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/flowers-of-our-bush-with-an-introduction-by-c-t-white\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/early-days-of-brisbane-lyceum\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/lyceum-club-brisbane-incorporated-2\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/", "Archival Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/r-1694-lyceum-club-brisbane-inc-records\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/tr-2080-lyceum-club-brisbane-inc-records-1998-2000\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/r-1453-lyceum-club-brisbane-inc-records\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/r-1229-lyceum-club-brisbane-inc-newsletter\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/r-1600-lyceum-club-brisbane-inc-records-1995-1996%e2%86%b5%e2%86%b5r-1600-lyceum-club-brisbane-inc-records-1995-1996%e2%86%b5%e2%86%b5r-1600-lyceum-club-brisbane-inc-records-1995-1996\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/r-1218-lyceum-club-brisbane-inc-records-1931-1994-2013\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/6602-estelle-thomsons-lantern-slides\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Cooper, Leontine Mary Jane", "Entry ID": "PR00290", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/cooper-leontine-mary-jane\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Battersea, London, England", "Death Place": "Toowong, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Journalist, Scholar, Teacher, Women's rights activist, Writer", "Summary": "Leontine Cooper was Queensland's most significant writer addressing the rights of white women during the movement for woman suffrage in that state. By the late 1880s she had emerged as one of the key activists who contributed to progressive movements in Australian political life and Australian feminism. Cooper wrote short stories for the Boomerang and in the mid 1890s edited Queensland's only women's suffrage newspaper, the Star. For a short time she edited Flashes, a society newspaper, and for a while wrote 'Queensland Notes' for Louisa Lawson's feminist journal, the Dawn.\nIn 1889 Leontine Cooper led a breakaway group from the Woman's Equal Franchise Association, which became known as the Queensland Woman's Suffrage League. Cooper was concerned that the women's suffrage movement should not be 'captured' by the Labor Party, and become subject to party politics. Leontine founded and served as inaugural president of the Brisbane Pioneer Club in 1899 which, like its London namesake, was a progressive women's club.\n", "Details": "Leontine Cooper was the eldest child born to Frenchman Jean Francois Buisson and his English wife Dorothea (nee Smithers). She spent her early life living in the inner-London precinct of Battersea, and then at seaside Brighton, and married her husband, Edward Cooper (a surveyor), in London in 1866. She arrived in Brisbane on the 'Royal Dane' in November 1871, and during the 1870s worked briefly as a school teacher at Chinaman's Creek (now Albany Creek), and subsequently Brisbane Girls' Grammar School, where she taught French.\nDuring the 1880s and 1890s Cooper became a prominent Brisbane literary figure, serving on the influential Brisbane School of Arts committee, and playing an active role within the Brisbane Literary Circle, where she mixed with a number of leading social and political figures within colonial society. It was also during this period that Cooper emerged as a social justice and women's suffrage advocate. She was, for many years, a member of the Society for the Prevention of Cruelty, and in 1891 served as Queensland Government appointee to the Shops and Factories Royal Commission.\nLeontine Cooper does not appear to have been related to pioneering medical practitioner Lilian Cooper who arrived in Brisbane in 1891, and who was also a significant 19th and early 20th century Queensland feminist figure.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/there-is-no-question-more-perplexing-at-the-present-time-and-more-frequently-discussed-than-womens-place-in-society\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/cooper-leontine\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/leontine-cooper\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/only-a-woman\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/womens-suffrage-struggles\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/emma-miller-and-the-campaign-for-womens-suffrage-in-queensland-1894-1905\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/woman-suffrage-in-australia-a-gift-or-a-struggle\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Mottram, Elina Emily", "Entry ID": "PR00305", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/mottram-elina-emily\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Sheffield, England", "Death Place": "Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Architect", "Summary": "Elina Emily Mottram was Queensland's first and longest practicing female architect, establishing her own business in Brisbane in 1924.\n", "Details": "In April 1924 a woman architect, Elina Mottram, opened her own practice in Brisbane, when she established her office in the T&G Building on the corner of Queen and Albert Streets. The Architectural Building Journal of Queensland announced that \"Brisbane has at last a lady architect\u2026we trust that she will get her fair share of public support\". She is considered the most successful of Queensland's early women architects.\nElina Emily Mottram (1903-1996) was born in Sheffield, England, the only child of Arthur Mottram, a building contractor and stonemason. She came to Brisbane in 1906 with her parents and attended Nundah State School. Mottram later undertook studies in Architecture at the Brisbane Central Technical College while employed by architect F R Hall of Brisbane during the city's 1920s construction boom. She received a Diploma in Architecture in 1925. Mottram taught building construction at the Brisbane Central Technical College between 1926 and 1928. During this time she also worked as an architect in Longreach (1926-1928) and in Rockhampton (1928-1929). In Longreach she designed public and commercial buildings, including the Masonic Temple, Longreach Motors and the office of Winchcombe Carson Ltd. She also remodelled the Australian Worker's Union building and the School of Arts.\nMottram registered as an architect with the Royal Australian Institute of Architects in 1930. During the 1930s depression, when work was scarce, she was a postmistress at Raglan via Rockhampton from 1930-1936. In partnership with her father as A and E Mottram, she worked in Rockhampton in 1937 and later in Longreach 1938-1941, where she was foreman of works for her father for the first stage of construction of the Longreach Hospital (1940). She was employed as a draftswoman with the American Army Engineering Office in North Rockhampton in the Second World War. She later worked with the Queensland Railways and designed Eagle Junction Station.\nOther residential commissions by Mottram, included a two-storeyed block of flats in Scott Street at Kangaroo Point c1925, a Tudor revival residence for Zina Cumbrae-Stewart overlooking the river, and a residence for Mrs Thurlby on the corner of Winchester and Hants Roads Ascot (now demolished). Of all the buildings designed by Mottram before World War II, only two survive in Brisbane - the Scott Street Flats and Monkton. Monkton was built in 1925 on Ardoyne Road to the west of Oxley Road at Corinda for William and Margaret Dunlop, who were then only recently married. It was named to commemorate Monkton Farm, William Dunlop's parents' farm which was to the east of Oxley Road. Elina, one of only a handful of women practicing at the time, had been recommended to the Dunlop's, though apparently they did not choose her particularly because she was a woman. William and Margaret Dunlop lived at Monkton their whole lives and raised four boys there. When they died the house was left to their son Robert and the dwelling remains in the family's possession.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/womens-employment-and-professionalism-in-australia-histories-themes-and-places\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/early-queensland-women-architects\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/a-directory-of-queensland-architects-to-1940\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Bedford, Mary Josephine", "Entry ID": "PR00318", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/bedford-mary-josephine\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "England", "Death Place": "Brisbane, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Charity worker, Philanthropist", "Summary": "Josephine Bedford worked tirelessly to improve the lives of impoverished woman and children in Brisbane. She was instrumental in founding the Cr\u00e8che and Kindergarten Association in 1907 and the Playground Association in 1913. The Bedford Playground in Spring Hill commemorates Josephine's outstanding contribution to Queensland children. Josephine volunteered with the Scottish Women's Hospital when World War I broke out and served in Serbia for 12 months as head of the ambulance service. She was awarded the fifth class of the Order of St Sava by the King of Serbia.\n", "Details": "Josephine Bedford arrived in Brisbane in 1891 with her longtime friend and companion Dr Lilian Cooper, with whom she shared accommodation during their student days in England. She helped Lilian establish herself as Queensland's first female doctor while pursuing her own interest in improving the welfare of the state's women and children. As the city's population rapidly grew, Josephine noticed that the inner-suburbs, with their unpaved and unsewered streets, were unsafe for children to play. This realisation, along with the help of the local Reverend, led to the creation of the Cr\u00e8che and Kindergarten Association (C & K) in 1907. By 1911, four centres were operating in Brisbane and a college for kindergarten teachers had been established. On an extended trip overseas, Josephine studied the concept of 'supervised play' and returned to Brisbane in 1918 to help open two supervised playgrounds (in Paddington and Spring Hill).\nMiss Bedford was a committee member of the Queensland Society for the Prevention of Cruelty, first provisional secretary of the National Council of Women in 1906 as well as a member of the Queensland Women's Electoral League. Another of her interests was the Women's Auxiliary of the Hospital for Sick Children.\nDr Lilian Cooper died in 1947, leaving all her assets to Josephine. To commemorate the work of Queensland's first female medical practitioner and her lifelong companion, Josephine Bedford donated their historic home, \"Old St Mary's\", at Kangaroo Point to the Sisters of Charity, on the proviso that it be used to build a hospice for the sick and dying.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/lilian-cooper-1861-1947-and-bedford-josephine-1861-1955\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/lilian-cooper-and-josephine-bedford-lifelong-companions-who-travelled-against-the-tide\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/lilian-violet-cooper\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/lesbians-in-1900s-brisbane\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/cooper-lilian-violet-1861-1947-and-bedford-mary-josephine-1861-1955\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Reid, Joan Innes", "Entry ID": "PR00366", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/reid-joan-innes\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Victoria, Australia", "Death Place": "Townsville, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Community worker, Politician, Social worker, University tutor", "Summary": "Joan Innes Reid influenced many lives as a pioneering social worker and the first woman councillor (and deputy mayor) in Townsville, North Queensland. In 1953 she was the only practicing medical social worker in Queensland outside of Brisbane. Joan also actively involved herself in community work, helping to establish medical, humanitarian and cultural institutions in Townsville. In 1976 she joined the staff of the James Cook University and became the first woman to be awarded an honorary degree by the University in 1995. In 1984 Dr Innes Reid was made a Member of the Order of Australia in recognition of her community work and in 1989 she received life membership to the Australian Association of Social Work.\u00a0 The Joan Innes Reid prize in social work awarded by James Cook University is named in her honour\n", "Details": "Joan Reid spent her early life in country Victoria, raised by her mother and a large extended family. She graduated from the University of Melbourne in 1936 with a Bachelor of Arts before moving to Canada where she studied social work and completed her Masters thesis. Upon returning to Australia in 1953, Joan assumed the role of medical social worker at Townsville General Hospital. She was the only medical social worker practicing north of Brisbane, where she serviced a population of over 250,000.\nJoan worked with the Queensland Country Women's Association, helping to fill the needs of homeless women - particularly those who were pregnant and unmarried. She also made fortnightly trips to Cairns to visit thoracic patients, running art and craft lessons as a form of occupational therapy. When hospital authorities observed the success of her methods, an official occupational therapy unit was established. Joan was also a major player in the 1957 creation of the North Queensland Subnormal Children's Welfare Association (later known as Endeavour). She was also a foundation member of North Queensland Prisoners Aid Society (PAS), which promoted rehabilitation while on the inside and supported families left behind.\nFrustrated by not being able to meet community needs quickly, Joan decided to run for Council, becoming Townsville's first female councillor in 1967; a part-time position so she could continue her hospital work. In 1973 she became Deputy Mayor, and a year later was appointed Townsville Council's first Social Worker. The arts remained her greatest passion, and as chair of the council's cultural committee, she was behind the establishment of the civic theatre and art gallery's, and helped set up the Townsville Museum.\nDr Innes Reid joined the James Cook University, Townsville\u00a0in 1976 as a senior tutor in Behavioural Sciences. She was renowned for her life-long commitment to community development in the region and her efforts were instrumental in the introduction of the Bachelor of Social Work degree at the university, where she was employed as the first field coordinator in the social work program. Dr Innes Reid was a foundation member of the Townsville University Society in 1961. She served on a number of committees including the Council of the College of Advanced Education, the Halls of Residence Committee, and the University Ethics Committee before retiring in 1981.\nA commemorative plaque honouring Joan Innes Reid's contribution to Social Work and Politics in Townsville was unveiled by Mayor Tony Mooneyat at a ceremony on Thursday 28 August 2003.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/tribute-to-joan-innes-reid\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/dr-joan-innes-reid\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/dr-joan-innes-reid-1915-2001\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/joan-innes-reid-1915-2001\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/tropical-odyssey-of-a-pioneer-social-worker-in-north-queensland-joan-innes-reid-with-ros-thorpe\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/the-encyclopedia-of-women-and-leadership-in-twentieth-century-australia\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Dare, Zara", "Entry ID": "PR00401", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/dare-zara\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Shoalhaven, New South Wales, Australia", "Death Place": "Scarborough, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Missionary, Policewoman", "Summary": "Zara Dare was 45 years-old when she applied for a\u00a0position as a\u00a0Queensland police officer. She had previously worked in China for the Salvation Army and, upon returning to Australia, she was an organiser of the Woman's Christian Temperance Union.\nZara and her colleague, Ellen O'Donnell, commenced at the Roma Street Police Station in 1931. Neither of the women was sworn in and therefore did not receive the same pay allowances and privileges (including superannuation) as male officers. Zara's work within the police force was restricted to looking after lost children, escorting female prisoners, and working with victims of domestic and sexual violence. Nine years after joining the police force, Zara retired to marry. It was not until 1965 that Queensland police women were officially sworn in and therefore entitled to some of the privileges enjoyed by men.\n", "Details": "The National Council of Women of Queensland (NCWQ) in 1911 drew attention to the need for women and girls in Queensland to be better served in matters of crime. There were no female police officers in Australia at the time and the NCWQ called for women, experienced and educated in social work, to be given the status of police officers. The appointment of two female police in New South Wales in 1915 was not enough to encourage the Queensland Commissioner of Police William Cahill to follow suit. By 1917 Queensland was the only state without female police. Newspapers and community groups began asking why. The Queensland Country Women's Association (QCWA), the Roman Catholic Archbishop of Brisbane, James Duhig, the NCWQ and the Queensland Women's Electoral League (QWEL) all called for the appointment of women in policing.\nIt was not until Irene Longman was elected to State Parliament in 1929 that the opposition to female police began to be broken down. As past president of the NCWQ and a member of the QWEL, Irene made a submission to cabinet in 1930, outlining the necessity for women to handle sensitive cases such as children, girls and women who have been involved in sexual assault cases. Although the decision was not unanimous, Cabinet consented to the appointment of women in the police force.\nZara Dare, along with Ellen O'Donnell, accepted the offer of positions and the women were based at the Roma Street police station. When the time came to review their appointments and make them permanent, the Police commissioner William Ryan stated that they were well paid for the job they were doing, and although there was nothing under the Police Act 1898 to stop them from being sworn in, he considered that their swearing in would reduce the number of male police constables by two. Zara kept her job by agreeing not to be sworn in. She never received the pay allowances and privileges of her fellow police, nor superannuation.\nThe NCWQ continued to lobby to have Zara and Ellen made permanent, but Police Commissioner Ryan made it clear that if they were not satisfied, they were free to resign at any time. When Zara resigned from the police force to marry, the Queensland Times noted her departure with a small article, headlined \"Policewoman Wanted\". A women's police unit, attached to the Criminal Investigation Bureau (CIB), was established soon after Zara's resignation.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/50-firsts-queensland-policewomen-at-work\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/ellen-odonnell-and-zara-dare-queenslands-first-policewomen\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/journey-to-equality-an-illustrated-history-of-women-in-the-queensland-police\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/zara-dare-1886-1965\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/", "Archival Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/police-service-file-2\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Maunsell, Evelyn", "Entry ID": "PR00407", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/maunsell-evelyn\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Ilford, Essex, England", "Death Place": "Brisbane, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Pastoralist", "Summary": "Evelyn Evans was a young English girl from a well-to-do family, who while in Australia as part of a world trip, met and married station manager Charles Maunsell in 1912. They lived at Mulgrave Station which was located on the frontier of far north Queensland. Evelyn endured incredible hardship, with pioneering forcing her to endure hazards that pushed her far beyond the traditional female role; that of mother, wife and homemaker. Her courage and resourcefulness helped further the position and importance of women in colonial society.\n", "Details": "A young Evelyn Evans left England on a 'round-the-world' adventure and instead found love and a new life in Australia in 1912. She married property manager Charles Maunsell in Cairns, and they lived together at Mulgrave Station near Mareeba, in a tin shed with a concrete floor. Contrary to the soft grey of England, life in the Atherton Tablelands was hot, wet and isolated.\nDespite Evelyn striking up friendships with local Aboriginal children, and running a small school for them on the property, white settlers had a poor reputation among tribal Aborigines in the area. When Charles Maunsell was away mustering they invaded the station and Maggie, mother of the Aboriginal children, hid Evelyn under the bed in order to save her life. Evelyn also survived malaria and several miscarriages, proving to those around her she was no English rose.\nLater she and Charles set up their own dairy property on the Atherton Tableland. They retired to Brisbane where Evelyn became actively involved with the Country Women's Association. In 1968 Evelyn's one and only son Ron Maunsell, won a Country Party plebiscite and in March 1969, took a seat in Federal Parliament as Senator Ron Maunsell. The book, S'pose I Die (1981) was based on Evelyn's diaries and her conversations with author, Hector Holthouse.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/great-pioneer-women-of-the-outback\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/spose-i-die-the-story-of-evelyn-maunsell\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/", "Archival Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/biographical-cuttings-on-evelyn-maunsell-former-pioneer-containing-one-or-more-cuttings-from-newspapers-or-journals\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Corrie, Christina Jane", "Entry ID": "PR00411", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/corrie-christina-jane\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Helensburg-on-Clyde, Scotland", "Death Place": "Brisbane, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Mayoress, Women's rights activist", "Summary": "The Queensland Women's Electoral League (QWEL) was co-founded by Christina Corrie (wife of Brisbane mayor Leslie Corrie) in 1903. The Queensland Women's Electoral League differed from the Women's Electoral Franchise Association (WEFA) in that it was conservative, anti-socialist and pro private enterprise. Its membership was drawn from women in professions and wives of businessmen. Christina Corrie was one of the most well known women in Brisbane in the early 1900s and she used her notoriety to advance the causes of the many social, cultural and charitable institutions she supported.\n", "Details": "Christina Corrie was the daughter of James Drummond Macpherson and Georgina Wood Robertson and was one of seven children. She was born during a visit to Scotland by her parents from New Zealand. Following a short time in Christchurch, New Zealand, the family returned to Scotland when Christina reached school age. She completed her education in Wales, however the family later returned to New Zealand.\nChristina Macpherson married Leslie Gordon Corrie in St Thomas' Church Enfield, Sydney, on 25 March 1899. They lived in Brisbane at Koronui, Bowen Terrace, New Farm. An architect of some renown, Leslie Corrie worked with two consecutive partners before practicing as an architect in a sole practice in 1911. He was elected alderman for Brisbane East in 1901 and served as Mayor of Brisbane between 1902 and 1904. Both Christina and her husband became significant members of the intellectual, social and cultural scene in Brisbane.\nChristina Corrie had a noteworthy role in the cause of the political advancement of women in Queensland. Her greatest contribution to women's causes was her work as first president of the Queensland Women's Electoral League (QWEL), which she co-founded with Margaret Ogg, who later founded the Brisbane Lyceum Club. The two women, both of whom were anti-socialists, were able to affect a major influence on the political development of women in Queensland. QWEL lobbied to win the vote for women in Queensland at state level, and on 25 January 1905 a bill was passed that gave full voting rights to Queensland women.\nAs Mayoress, Christina Corrie ensured that the League attracted publicity and social acceptance. By 1919 the QWEL had grown to become a significant force, with their activities concerning women's issues receiving regular press coverage. In 1908 Corrie and Ogg realised an objective of QWEL in founding a new club for women in Brisbane. Initially known as the Women's Progressive Club, the name changed to the Brisbane Women's Club (BWC) in 1913. The BWC still exists today as a social club for prominent and professional women.\nDue to ill health Christina retired from office in QWEL in 1913, and in a fitting tribute to her contribution to the League, was made Honorary President. Christina's contribution to the Brisbane community extended a great deal further than her achievements through the Queensland Women's Electoral League. She was actively involved in:\n\nDr Barnardo's Home\nNational Council of Women\nWomen's College within the University of Queensland\nNational Council of Women\nCr\u00e8che and Kindergarten Association\nBush Book Club (Vice-president) \nBush Nursing Association\nNew Settlers' League\nMoreton Club (President 1931-32)\nLyceum Club\nMutual Service Club\nQueensland Committee of the Australian Exhibition of Women's Work\nThe Red Cross\nLady Lamington and Brisbane General Hospitals\nSocial Service Institute\nQueensland Ladies' Amateur Swimming Association\nScribblers\n\nLeslie Corrie died at their residence on 2 August 1918. Christina still attended various social events following his death, and then on 11 October 1922 she married Andrew J Thynne in the vestry of St Patrick's Catholic Church, Sydney. Andrew Thynne died on 27 February 1927. Christina kept up her various community interests and having been a foundation member of the Moreton Club in 1924, she became president in 1931-32. She was talented, competent and extremely committed to advancing the well-being of the women and children of Queensland.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/scribblers-a-ladies-literary-society-in-brisbane-1911\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/", "Archival Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/5746-scribblers-papers-1911-2013\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/om71-47-queensland-womens-electoral-league-records-1903-1967\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Crist, Alice Guerin", "Entry ID": "PR00425", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/crist-alice-guerin\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Clare Castle, Ireland", "Death Place": "Toowoomba, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Author, Journalist", "Summary": "Alice Crist was a prolific writer of verse and short fiction, who published widely in the Australian secular and religious press including the Bulletin (Sydney) Worker, Steele Rudd's Magazine, Home Budget, Toowoomba Chronicle, Catholic Advocate and Catholic Press. Crist wrote about her rural and domestic experiences, frequently celebrating the beauty of the bush and the virtues and struggles of Irish Australian pioneers. Crist was also a long-term member and vice-president of the Toowoomba Ladies Literary Society. Her Irish heritage intermingled with a unique Australian flavour and this contributed to the uniqueness of her poetry.\n", "Details": "Alice migrated to Australia with her parents when she was just 2 years old.\u00a0On 4 October 1902 at St Patrick's Catholic Church, Toowoomba, Alice married a German immigrant farmer, Joseph Christ, who later changed his name to Crist. The couple moved to an isolated property at Rosenberg near Bundaberg in 1910 but returned to Toowoomba in 1913 when Jo began a fuel supply business there.\nAlice pursued an active literary life despite significant periods when she had to concentrate on farm work and the care of her five children. Her first book of poetry named When Rody Came to Ironbark was published in 1927 in Sydney Australia and the following year she published Eucharist Lilies and Other Verses in Sydney again. She became friendly with another poet and schoolteacher (Dame) Mary Gilmore, who published her work in the woman's page of the Australian Worker. A marked Celtic influence is discernible in her poems about the homesickness of immigrants and in the sprites and fairies of her nature verse and poems for children.\nHer devout Irish Catholicism was at first associated with democratic politics and in 1902 she joined the Social Democratic Vanguard. In 1917 her youngest brother Felicin was killed at Passchendaele, Belgium; for many years she contributed Anzac Day poems to the Toowoomba Chronicle. From 1927 the Brisbane Catholic Advocate began to pay Crist for rural and religious poems, short stories and a serial celebrating the contribution of the Christian Brothers to Catholic education, which resulted in the novel: 'Go it!Brothers!! (1928). In 1930 she became 'Betty Bluegum', editor of the children's page, and used the versatility of this outlet to stimulate Queensland's Catholic children. Crist's page, like her verse, was an inventive mix of Catholic Irish-Australian nationalism, domestic virtue and appreciation of nature, and encouraged young correspondents.\nIn September 1953 (after her death), a wing of the Holy Spirit Hospital, Brisbane, was dedicated in her name.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/the-womens-pages-australian-women-and-journalism-since-1850-2\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/crist-alice-guerin-1876-1941\/", "Archival Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/family-papers-dornan-family-brisbane\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Potter, Norah Mary", "Entry ID": "PR00431", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/potter-norah-mary\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Cloontamore, Longford, Ireland", "Death Place": "Brisbane, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Religious Sister, Teacher", "Summary": "Mother Patrick Potter was born in Ireland and educated at Cloontagh National School and Longford Convent School. In 1866 she began her novitiate as a Sister of Mercy at Athy Convent, Kildare. Upon arrival in Australia in 1868, Mother Patrick joined the Queensland Sisters of Mercy congregation which had been established by Mother Vincent Whitty, making her profession of vows at Brisbane's All Hallows Convent in 1869. Appointed to All Hallows' school, Mother Patrick contributed greatly to the religious, academic and cultural development of the students. In 1879 she was elected to the administration of the Brisbane congregation of Sisters of Mercy, where she acted as Superior or assistant, for the next 48 years.\n", "Details": "After a few years' teaching in Ipswich, Queensland, Mother Patrick was appointed to an administrative role at All Hallows School (the first secondary school for girls in Queensland). In contributing to All Hallows' agenda, she made a particular contribution to the school's music program. She was a friend to her students, offering advice and encouragement, promoting higher education and preparing candidates for junior examinations at the Universities of Sydney and Queensland. In 1889 she introduced Latin into a course which already included French, Italian and German.\nFollowing Mother Patrick's election to the Brisbane Sisters of Mercy, she assisted in establishing convents and schools in areas as remote as Charleville and Goondiwindi. Mother Vincent Whitty's idea of building a Mater Misericordiae Hospital in Brisbane was enthusiastically adopted by Mother Patrick who brought about the purchase of the South Brisbane land in 1893.She had planned for a children's wing on the site before she died in 1927. The Mater Children's Hospital opened in 1931 and was dedicated to her memory.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/mother-mary-patrick-potter-1849-1927\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/expressions-of-mercy-brisbanes-mater-hospitals-1906-2006\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/potter-norah-mary-1849-1927\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/", "Archival Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/michael-potter-papers\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/7309-photographs-of-the-funeral-of-the-rev-mother-patrick-1927\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Smith, Wilhelmena", "Entry ID": "PR00438", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/smith-wilhelmena\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Australia", "Death Place": "Herberton, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Jockey, Sportswoman", "Summary": "Bill' Smith was a successful North Queensland jockey in the early 1900s. Viewed as small in statue and eccentric in behaviour, it was not until his death in 1975 that it was discovered that 'Bill' Smith was actually a woman, thus making her Australia's first female jockey.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/bill-smith-1886-1975-jockey\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/christian-wilhelmina-bill-smith-1886-1975\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/jockey-a-feminist-hero-wilhemena-deserves-a-proper-tombstone\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/wilhelmena-smith-tribute-now-complete\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/wilhemina-bill-smith\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/the-womens-pages-australian-women-and-journalism-since-1850-2\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Bryan, Edith", "Entry ID": "PR00446", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/bryan-edith\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Derby, Derbyshire, England", "Death Place": "Ascot Brisbane, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Disability rights activist, Teacher", "Summary": "Edith Bryan was appointed head teacher of the school section of the Queensland Blind, Deaf and Dumb Institution in Brisbane, Australia, in 1901. In 1918 the Queensland government assumed responsibility for this charitable organisation and initially Edith retained her position with the institution.\nFollowing an increase in class numbers as a direct result of introduction of the Blind, Deaf and Dumb Instruction Act of 1924, which made the education of deaf children compulsory, it was deemed appropriate in 1926 that a male should take control of the school. Edith retained charge of the deaf section of the school until she retired in 1937, after which she continued to work for the deaf community.\nAn active member of the Queensland Adult Deaf and Dumb Mission which she had helped to establish in 1902, Edith chaired a parent support-group which she had also promoted. The mission named Edith Bryan Hostel in her honour.\n", "Details": "Educated at the local council school, in 1887-91 Edith served as a pupil-teacher at the Royal Institute for the Deaf and Dumb, Derby. Having obtained a diploma (1892) from the College of Teachers of the Deaf, London, she taught in Ireland at the Dublin Institute for the Deaf, then at the Jews' School for the Deaf, London, before returning to Derby in 1893.\nEdith arrived in South Australia in 1895 where, on 29 June at St James's Church, West Adelaide, she married Cecil Charles Bryan, another teacher from the Derby Institute, who was appointed senior teacher at the Blind, Deaf and Dumb institution, Brighton. Following her husband's death in January 1897, Edith took a private teaching post at Port Rush, Antrim, Ireland, and then returned to England in 1899 to teach at the Deaf school, Bristol. Edith arrived in Brisbane on 12 November 1901 to take up her position with the Queensland Blind, Deaf and Dumb Institution.\nUpon determining the aptitude of a student, Bryan would then place each child in either an oral or sign-language group. She had been deeply influenced by the work of Thomas Arnold and used his textbooks in training pupil-teachers. Edith was an advocate for change in Queensland in accordance with the 1889 recommendations of the Royal commission on the condition of the blind, the deaf and the dumb in the United Kingdom. She supported early compulsory education for the blind and the deaf, and recommended appropriate teacher-training. The deaf community had great faith in her integrity and competence. Due to her proficiency in sign language Edith was frequently enlisted as an interpreter.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/bryan-edith-1872-1963\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/the-edith-bryan-hostel-a-commemorative-history-of-the-queensland-deaf-societys-residential-services\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/", "Archival Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/workshop-of-the-queensland-school-for-the-deaf-at-dutton-park-brisbane-ca-1935\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/registers-of-letters-received\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Drew, Ann", "Entry ID": "PR00454", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/drew-ann\/", "Type": "Person", "Birth Place": "Ashton, Devon, England", "Death Place": "Sandgate, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Welfare worker", "Summary": "Ann Drew settled in Toowong, with her husband Richard Langler Drew in the early 1860s. Over the next four decades Ann advocated and helped administer an array of welfare institutions. Most importantly, in April 1871 she founded the Female Refuge and Infants' Home ('Mrs Drew's Home') for young single mothers and their babies. Initially funded by Ann and her friends, the refuge eventually gained government assistance, however, this funding was withdrawn in 1900.\nAs lady president of the Social Purity Society, Ann was involved in the establishment of Lady Musgrave Lodge (1891-1892) as a hostel and training place for immigrants and other 'friendless' girls. She also took part in agitation to repeal the Contagious Diseases Act of 1868 and held the position of secretary of the committee of the Lady Bowen Hospital from 1870 to 1879. In 1906 Ann Drew retired as 'Foundress and Superintendent' of the Female Refuge and Infants' Home.\n", "Details": "On 21 December 1848 at St James's Church, Exeter, Ann married Richard Langler Drew. The couple migrated to Victoria in about 1858 and after three years they moved to Queensland. In 1862 Richard Drew acquired land a few kilometers from Brisbane where he established the 'Village of Toowong'. Considered the driving force behind the growth of Toowong, Drew made land available for the first Church of St Thomas the Apostle, and was one of its original trustees. Richard died on 8 October 1860.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/drew-ann-anne-1822-1907\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/in-retrospect-government-institutions\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/", "Archival Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/female-refuge-infants-home-brisbane-ca-1885\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/lady-musgrave-lodge-brisbane-ca-1910\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Queensland Women's Electoral League", "Entry ID": "AWE0652", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/queensland-womens-electoral-league\/", "Type": "Organisation", "Birth Place": "Brisbane, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Women's suffrage organisation", "Summary": "The Queensland Women's Electoral League (QWEL) was an organisation formed in the last stages of the campaign to obtain woman suffrage for white women in Queensland. While the league claimed to have all women's interests at heart, and that it was to be apolitical, it was very much a liberal-conservative organisation. Although its stated aims included the desire to 'advance political knowledge among women', they also included the desire to 'encourage and preserve private enterprise, and to combat unnecessary interference by the State'. Labor women who attended the QWEL launch in 1903 left once the political agenda became obvious. They went on to form the Women Workers' Political Organisation in opposition. The Women's Christian Temperance Organisation, in response to this political wrangling, called upon its own members to avoid 'the venom of party politics' and concentrate on the task at hand.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/proud-to-be-a-rebel-the-life-and-times-of-emma-miller\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/votes-for-women-the-australian-story\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/women-in-australia-an-annotated-guide-to-records-2\/", "Archival Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/queensland-womens-electoral-league-2\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/om71-47-queensland-womens-electoral-league-records-1903-1967\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/margaret-ogg-fund-list-of-names-for-appeal-letters-1953\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Catholic Women's League State of Queensland Inc.", "Entry ID": "AWE0779", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/catholic-womens-league-state-of-queensland-inc\/", "Type": "Organisation", "Birth Place": "Brisbane, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Social support organisation", "Summary": "The Catholic Women's League State of Queensland was established in 1975. It developed out of the Catholic Daughters of Australia, Brisbane, which was established in 1927. The League aims to unite Catholic women in a common bond of friendship for the promotion of religious, intellectual and social work. Membership is open to all Catholic women who are considered eligible by the branch executive. The organisation operates within the state of Queensland at all levels; state, diocesan\/regional and branch. It is affiliated with the Catholic Women's League Australia Inc. and the World Union of Catholic Women's Organisations.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/", "Archival Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/catholic-womens-league-state-of-queensland-inc-2\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "The Queensland Rural Women's Network Inc", "Entry ID": "AWE0982", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/the-queensland-rural-womens-network-inc\/", "Type": "Organisation", "Birth Place": "Queensland", "Occupations": "Lobby group, Voluntary organisation", "Summary": "Queensland Rural Women's Network Inc (QRWN) was formed in 1993 to meet the needs of women in rural communities throughout the state. Since then it has grown considerably and runs a series of programs in regional centre's as well as being involved at a national and international level.\nThe membership of QRWN is not restricted to women in primary industries. Members include those who work in related roles in the rural and regional communities, such as Department of Primary Industries and Queensland Health Department. We actively seek, and have, a large number of members who undertake a huge variety of activities in their communities.\n\"Our focus is on all rural women and their families\"\nQRWN aims to provide opportunities for the self-development of rural women as well as being a lobby group that undertakes action in all areas affecting rural women and families, when the necessity arises\nVision\n\"To bring together women to support and enhance rural families and communities by building networks of information, friendship and resources.\"\nMission\nIs to help all rural Queensland women, whether living on the land or in the towns, to contribute more effectively to their communities.\nAims\n\u2022 provide a stimulating and interesting forum for discussions and debate on all issues affecting women\n\u2022 provide a support system through networking in all areas of our state network with other groups throughout Australia and the world to improve country-city relationships\n\u2022 encourage provision of services by government agencies and private organisations\n\u2022 praise the status of all rural women\n\u2022 promote the value and diversity of rural industries and communities\n\u2022 encourage personal development and education in rural communities\nStructure\nQRWN extends over six regions under the management of Regional Directors - Northern, Western, Central, Wide Bay Burnett, South East and Border. The Management Committee, with representatives from all over Queensland, meets. There are a number of local branches operating.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Bardon Women's Club", "Entry ID": "AWE1003", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/bardon-womens-club\/", "Type": "Organisation", "Birth Place": "Brisbane, Queensland, Australia", "Death Place": "Brisbane, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Social organisation, Voluntary organisation", "Summary": "The Bardon Women's Club was formed in 1926 with the aim of providing a vehicle for community involvement for the women in this suburb of Brisbane, Queensland, as long as they were not Catholic. The initiative of Mrs. Vera Jones, a local mother and an ex-schoolteacher with a Masters of Science from the University of Queensland, the club was open to non-Catholic women who wanted to 'widen their own horizons', who wanted 'a voice in the community' and also needed some entertainment and 'a social focus'. The club amended its constitution in 1996 to allow membership to non-Protestant women, in accordance with State government anti-discrimination legislation. It ceased operation in 1998.\n", "Details": "The inaugural meeting of the Bardon Women's Club took place on November 19, 1926. Mrs. Vera Jones, in consultation with Mrs. Elizabeth Exley, a local resident with a long involvement in community service in the Brisbane, Queensland, area formed the club with the belief that it was vital that women take an interest, and have a secular voice, in community matters. A well educated woman who moved in academic circles, Vera Jones has been described as 'representative of the \"new woman\" who was emerging after World War 1', in that she was 'interested in women's affairs and aware of the need for women to have a voice in community affairs, but not necessarily through the churches as had been the case in the past.' Most of the founding members were young mothers who brought their children with them to the meetings.\nAffiliated with the National Council of Women, the Bardon Women's Club's first achievement was the establishment of a member's library. Club members read voraciously and took an interest in the activities of other organizations, such as the Ithaca Benevolent society, the Mother's Union, District Nursing, and the Temperance Movement. Many of the founding members were involved in the Lyceum Club, the kindergarten movement and the campaign for a University Women's College, to name a few. Its list of guest speakers at meetings reflects this range and type of interests.\nDuring the depression of the 1930s, members worked closely with the Ithaca Benevolent Society and other relief organizations. They also took an active interest in events happening in Europe, although members did not choose to affiliate with the Queensland Women's Peace Conference in 1936. Along with most affiliates of the National Council of Women, however, they joined the Women's National Volunteer Register during World War II.\nAfter the war, the aims and activities of the club changed somewhat, as it moved from being a community service organization that provided women with a social outlet to a much more 'social' club. The founding members were getting on in age and their attendance at meetings was less frequent. New members were still young mothers but, according to an anonymous member who wrote a short history of the organisation 'domestic help was not so readily available as it had been prior to the war.' Perhaps post-war women in the suburbs didn't have the time and resources to devote to community involvement that the previous generation did? Nevertheless, even as a social club, the Bardon Women's Club served the suburban community well. It experienced its highest membership numbers during the early 1950s.\nBy the early 1990s, the club was struggling for membership, and committee members felt that is was unlikely that 'new, young, and active members' were unlikely to join. As one member in 1993 said 'young women have different interests and are either working or busy with small children.' The club amended its constitution in 1996 to allow membership to non-Protestant women, in accordance with State government anti-discrimination legislation, but this did nothing to halt the slide in membership numbers. After seventy-two years the Bardon Women's Club held its final meeting in 1998\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/", "Archival Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/tr-2108-bardon-womens-club\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/om72-57-womens-voluntary-national-register-queensland-state-council-records-1939-1945\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Women's Voluntary National Register, Queensland State Council", "Entry ID": "AWE1004", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/womens-voluntary-national-register-queensland-state-council\/", "Type": "Organisation", "Birth Place": "Brisbane, Queensland, Australia", "Death Place": "Brisbane, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Services organisation", "Summary": "The Women's Voluntary National Register, Queensland State Council, was established by a gathering of representatives from Queensland women's organisations at a meeting in Brisbane, Queensland on April 26th 1939. It was part of a federal government scheme to determine how many women would be able to provide 'manpower' and national service, if required, when the nation went to war. The list of organizations associated with the register provides evidence of the large number of women who were members of clubs and organizations in the interwar period.\n", "Details": "The Women's Voluntary National Register testifies to the extent to which Australian women were organized into clubs and societies prior to the outbreak of World War II. When Australia went to war, the Federal government wanted to arrive at an understanding of how much 'national service' women (17 years and over) would be able to provide, if it was necessary. The most efficient means of doing this was to tap into the pre-existing network of women's clubs and organizations, and call upon their membership to provide the information. Clubs that affiliated with the register would collect the details of (eligible) volunteers from within their membership base and forward that information to the central register. Women would then be classified according to the type of work available, and the type of work they were suited to do. Women who weren't members of an organization could still volunteer through the state council headquarters, but clearly, 'outsourcing' much of the work to the organizations was a cost and time efficient method of operation.\nAccording to the official regulation book, the objects of the council were:\n1) To co-ordinate methods and generally direct the war activities of the various bodies that will participate in the registration.\n2) To ensure uniformity in methods of registration\n3) To act as the medium between Government authorities and the women's organisations who will complete the register.\nIn 1939 there were 72 affiliated organizations. Forty-six were metropolitan based and twenty-three were from the country. Affiliated organizations included:\nAustralian Comfort Fund\nBardon Women's Club\nBrisbane Women's club\nCatholic Daughters of Australia\nCreche and Kindergarten at Highgate Hill\nLady Musgrave Lodge\nLyceum club\nDistrict Nursing Association\nLeague of Women Voters\nMethodist Women's Emergency Group\nNational Council of Women\nMothercraft Association\nPlayground Association\nWomen's Electoral League\nQueensland Women's Club\nUnited Protestant Women's Association\nToch-H league of Women Helpers\nQCWA\nBritish Jewish Women's Guild and Benevolent Society\nYWCA\nNew Settlers league\nWATC\nBusiness Women's Social Association\nProtestant Women's Club\nCatholic Women's Comfort Fund\nWCTU\nBush Book Club\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/", "Archival Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/tr-2108-bardon-womens-club\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/om72-57-womens-voluntary-national-register-queensland-state-council-records-1939-1945\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Australian Women's Land Army Queensland Division", "Entry ID": "AWE1005", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/australian-womens-land-army-queensland-division\/", "Type": "Organisation", "Birth Place": "Brisbane, Queensland, Australia", "Death Place": "Brisbane, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Services organisation", "Summary": "The Australian Women's Land Army, Queensland Division, was established in July 1942, to help 'fight on the food front.' Queensland women comprised almost one quarter of the nation's enlistees for war on this front. At its peak, 3,000 women were members of the Australian Women's Land Army, 700 of who came from Queensland.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/", "Archival Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/om90-04-australian-womens-land-army-records-1942-1975\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Women's Place Women's Space Steering Committee", "Entry ID": "AWE1006", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/womens-place-womens-space-steering-committee\/", "Type": "Organisation", "Birth Place": "Brisbane, Queensland, Australia", "Death Place": "Brisbane, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Lobby group", "Summary": "The 'Women's Place Women's Space' steering committee was formed in 1989 with the aim of securing a building and funding to resource a women's centre in Brisbane; a building that would provide 'a space for women by women for women, in Brisbane'. An ex-director of the University of Queensland Health Service, Dr Janet Irwin, is credited with initiating the concept, which received the public support of 173 women's organizations, representing 200,000 women throughout Queensland. The then Lord Mayor of Brisbane, Sally Anne Atkinson, gave the proposal her strong support\n", "Details": "After the World Expo stage in Brisbane in 1988 was over, prominent Queensland feminists argued that the women of Queensland, whose millions of hours of unpaid labour had made the event such a success, should be offered a 'permanent thank you present'; an 'indestructable well done' in the form of a 'Women's space'. Initially, the concept built upon ideas that had been floated in the 1970s about the need for a National Women's Research Centre, along the lines of the model offered by the Australian Institute of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Studies (AIATSIS). The proposed 'Stockmen's Hall of Fame' was also a source of inspiration, with supporters arguing that 'women are equally (more) important than stockmen with their 'Hall of Fame'.\nThe steering committee decided upon the concept of a multipurpose centre, of which a 'Hall of Fame' that focused on the achievements of women in the public and private sector, would be just one section. As well as the 'Hall of Fame', which was not to get 'bogged down by an emphasis on inequalities and injustices', but was to illustrate 'the active role that women from a multiplicity of backgrounds have played or are playing in Australian society', the space would include a gallery area, an auditorium, meeting rooms, a board room and a library. It was envisaged that revenue could be raised by leasing other areas to suitable tenants, such as health professionals, child minding facilities and counseling services.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/", "Archival Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/5519-soroptimist-international-south-queensland-region-records-1966-2012\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/4094-womens-place-womens-space-steering-committee-plans-june-1992\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/om79-02-11-womens-community-aid-association-records\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/4497-womens-place-records\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "The Women's Community Aid Centre", "Entry ID": "AWE1007", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/the-womens-community-aid-centre\/", "Type": "Organisation", "Birth Place": "Brisbane, Queensland, Australia", "Death Place": "Brisbane, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Lobby group", "Summary": "The Women's Community Aid Association was established in the 1970s in order to lobby local, state and federal governments for funding to establish a Women's Resource and Education Centre in Brisbane.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/", "Archival Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/4094-womens-place-womens-space-steering-committee-plans-june-1992\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "The Lady Musgrave Lodge Committee", "Entry ID": "AWE1008", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/the-lady-musgrave-lodge-committee\/", "Type": "Organisation", "Birth Place": "Brisbane, Queensland, Australia", "Death Place": "Brisbane, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Philanthropic organisation", "Summary": "The Lady Musgrave Lodge Committee was the initiative of a group of Brisbane women who felt that there was a need to provide a good home for working women and girls in Brisbane. The committee raised and administered funding to support the lodge where respectable young women could 'take rest or board while waiting a new situation.' Primarily designed to be a first port of call for young emigrant women arriving in the colony, it was also a place to stay for local working women and girls between jobs. It was named for its first patron, Queensland Governor's wife, Lady Lucinda Musgrave.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/", "Archival Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/r-381-lady-musgrave-lodge-committee-records\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/lady-musgrave-lodge-brisbane-ca-1910\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Ithaca Benevolent Society", "Entry ID": "AWE1010", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/ithaca-benevolent-society\/", "Type": "Organisation", "Birth Place": "Brisbane, Queensland, Australia", "Death Place": "Brisbane, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Philanthropic organisation", "Summary": "The Ithaca Benevolent Society was established in 1900 by a group of Brisbane women to relieve poverty and hardship amongst the 'deserving poor'. With the passage of time, the interests of the society evolved to encompass more women-centred interests. They were particularly concerned with the interests of mothers and their children, and spokespeople at the time claimed the association was instrumental in campaigns that sought to set up systems of state aid for mothers.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/", "Archival Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/tr-2108-bardon-womens-club\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Association of Queensland Women's Forum Clubs", "Entry ID": "AWE1012", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/association-of-queensland-womens-forum-clubs\/", "Type": "Organisation", "Birth Place": "Brisbane, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Public Speaking Organisation Supervisory Body", "Summary": "The Association of Queensland Women's Forum Clubs was established in 1947 to operate as a central administrative and supervisory body for the growing number of Women's Forum Clubs that formed in Queensland after 1945. The first of these clubs was established in Brisbane, Queensland, in 1941, with the aim of fostering public speaking amongst women. The club maintained a non- party political, non-sectarian stance, and was unaffiliated with any other organizations, except The National Council of Women. The association still exists, under the name of Forum Communicators Association Inc. It acts as the umbrella body for twenty-three (in 2004) forum clubs across Queensland.\n", "Details": "On July 22nd, 1941, a number of prominent Brisbane women called a public meeting of women to discuss the possibility of forming a club for women who were interested in learning public speaking skills. The idea was received enthusiastically by the assembled group, and the first Queensland Women's Forum Club was established on July 30th, 1941. The first ordinary meeting of the new forum club was held on August 20th, 1941 in the blue room at the hotel Canberra.\nThe objects of the Queensland Women's Forum Clubs were:\n1. To improve the standard of speaking among women,\n2. To provide opportunities for women to learn and practice meeting procedure and duties of office-bearers of clubs and organizations,\n3. To maintain freedom of speech,\n4. To encourage a continued interest in education,\n5. To demonstrate to the community the value of loyalty and truth, clarity of thought and the love of the English tongue\n6. To promote loyal fellowship.\n1945 was a year that saw massive growth in the number of clubs across Queensland and the first regional club was established in Mackay. Many clubs began a series of luncheon meetings, as well as the traditional evening meetings, to assist members who found it difficult to get away from home in the evenings. As the number of clubs grew, so did the need for a central administrative body. The Association of Queensland Women's Forum Clubs, known as the Dais, was formed as were, eventually, regional councils.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/secretarys-report\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/syllabus\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/forum-newsletter-association-of-queensland-womens-forum-club\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/constitution-by-laws-standing-orders-and-brief-history-of-the-association-of-queensland-womens-forum-clubs\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/information-handbook\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/speaking-in-public\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/", "Archival Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/om68-19-association-of-queensland-womens-forum-clubs-records-1943-1968\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/28646-association-of-queensland-womens-forum-clubs-records-1960-2013\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Queensland Women's Forum Clubs (Chermside Forum)", "Entry ID": "AWE1013", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/queensland-womens-forum-clubs-chermside-forum\/", "Type": "Organisation", "Birth Place": "Brisbane, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Public Speaking Club", "Summary": "On July 22nd, 1941, a number of prominent Brisbane women called a public meeting of women to discuss the possibility of forming a club for women who were interested in learning public speaking skills. The idea was received enthusiastically by the assembled group, and the first Queensland Women's Forum Club was established on July 30th, 1941. The first ordinary meeting of the new forum club was held on August 20th, 1941 in the blue room at the hotel Canberra. The Chermside Forum was established in the 1960s.\n", "Details": "The objects of the Chermside Women's Forum Club were:\n7. To improve the standard of speaking among women,\n8. To provide opportunities for women to learn and practice meeting procedure and duties of office-bearers of clubs and organizations,\n9. To maintain freedom of speech,\n10. To encourage a continued interest in education,\n11. To demonstrate to the community the value of loyalty and truth, clarity of thought and the love of the English tongue\n12. To promote loyal fellowship.\n1945 was a year that saw massive growth in the number of clubs across Queensland and the first regional club was established in Mackay. Many clubs began a series of luncheon meetings, as well as the traditional evening meetings, to assist members who found it difficult to get away from home in the evenings. As the number of clubs grew, so did the need for a central administrative body. The Association of Queensland Women's Forum Clubs, known as the Dais, was formed as were, eventually, regional councils.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/", "Archival Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/om68-19-association-of-queensland-womens-forum-clubs-records-1943-1968\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Women's Equal Franchise Association", "Entry ID": "AWE1014", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/womens-equal-franchise-association\/", "Type": "Organisation", "Birth Place": "Brisbane, Queensland, Australia", "Death Place": "Brisbane, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Women's suffrage organisation", "Summary": "The Women's Equal Franchise Association (WEFA) of Queensland was formed in February 1894, marking a timely revitalisation of the woman suffrage movement in that state. Its first president was Mrs Eleanor Trundle, and it represented women who were Labor in their politics. From the outset, the association linked its struggle for votes for women with the campaign against plural voting in Queensland. Once both these aims were achieved, in January 1905, the association held a 'celebration social' and disbanded itself.\n", "Details": "Almost immediately upon being formed in 1894, the Queensland Women's Equal Franchise Association splintered. The women of the Queensland Woman's Suffrage League (WSL), headed by Leontine Cooper, were concerned that the WEFA's links to Labor politics, and the campaign against plural voting, would hinder progress towards achieving woman suffrage in Queensland. Attempts to reconcile the two factions in the month that followed the split were unsuccessful. Therefore, less than two months after its formation, the WEFA held new elections for office bearers. On this occasion, Eleanor Trundle was defeated and Emma Miller, a remarkable Queensland Labor woman, took her place, remaining President of the association for the eleven years of the campaign. Eleanor Trundle moved her energies across to the Queensland Women's Christian Temperance Union (WCTU). Despite the political wrangling that broke out on various occasions between the WEFA and the WSL (with the WCTU remaining firmly apolitical) these three organisations enjoyed fragile moments of cooperation for most of the campaign.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/woman-suffrage-in-australia-a-gift-or-a-struggle\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Children By Choice Association Incorporated", "Entry ID": "AWE1118", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/children-by-choice-association-incorporated\/", "Type": "Organisation", "Birth Place": "Brisbane, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Women's Reproductive Health Service", "Summary": "A lobby group that promotes women's sexual and reproductive health choices in relation to unplanned pregnancy, Children by Choice (CbyC) was established in 1972 as an offshoot of the Queensland branch of the Abortion Law Reform Association (ALRA), to offer family planning advice and counselling to women confronted by the reality of an unplanned pregnancy. At this time, legislation dating back to 1899 criminalised abortion and most Queensland women had to travel interstate to obtain one. This legal reality led to staff at CbyC expanding their range of activities to include offering counselling and medical referral services to doctors at St Anne's Hospital in Sydney. By 1975 CbyC had developed a package deal with Ansett Airlines and Population Services International (PSI) to help women to travel to Sydney for abortions. It was not the original intention for CbyC to become an abortion referral service, but this became the Association's best known activity at that early point in its history.\nDespite having bricks thrown through the windows of their premises and their funding slashed periodically throughout the last three decades, CbyC have continued to provide essential counselling services to the women of Queensland. 'The survival of Children by Choice has been a story of struggle and sacrifice.'\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/", "Archival Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/julia-trubridge-freebury-further-papers-1960s-2004\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/ephemera-relating-to-womens-movement-organisations\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Women in Australia's Working History", "Entry ID": "AWE2155", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/women-in-australias-working-history\/", "Type": "Place", "Birth Place": "Barcaldine, Queensland, Australia", "Summary": "In July 2002, the Australian Workers Heritage Centre celebrated the opening of Stage One of its national $8 million project, Women in Australia's Working History. The first stage is an exhibition, A Lot On Her Hands, featuring the working experiences of a diverse range of Australian women.\n", "Details": "The Australian Workers Heritage Centre is a museum style complex opened in 1991 in the grounds of the old Barcaldine State School in southwestern Queensland. Many of the original structures have been reinvented into exhibition space, telling the stories of Australia's working history through objects, art and multi-media presentations. Historic workplaces of yesteryear, including a one-teacher school, police watch-house and railway station, have been relocated to the centre from throughout Queensland.\nThe exhibition A Lot on Her Hands is a major component of the Working Women project at the centre. It looks at the experience of Australian women in paid and unpaid work, from both the perspective of the individual and in the context of the broader issues in our nation's history. The exhibition features a diverse range of Australian women, some known to us, others less well known but equally inspirational. The title reflects the understated resilience of the women represented in the exhibition. Some of the individuals featured include:\n\nRuth Hegarty, a child of the stolen generation and indigenous advocate;\nLouisa Lawson, newspaper proprietor, suffragist and mother;\nMary Barry, business woman and goat farmer;\nJoan Kirner, Australia's first woman Premier.\n\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/songs-of-the-unsung-heroes-stories-and-verse-celebrating-australian-women-and-their-work\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "McLeod Country Golf Club", "Entry ID": "AWE2291", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/mcleod-country-golf-club\/", "Type": "Organisation", "Birth Place": "Mt Ommaney, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Sporting Organisation, Sporting Venue", "Summary": "The McLeod Country Golf Club as founded in 1968 with the establishment of the first 9 holes. The 18 hole course was completed by 1972. Located in the western suburbs of Brisbane, Queensland, it is the only golf club in the southern hemisphere managed by female members. The club welcomes both females (Members) and males (Fellows) and has recently commenced a proactive program to encourage juniors.\n", "Details": "When organised women's golfing competition was in its infancy in Australia, even some well informed men championed the benefits of the sport for women. Renowned golfer D. G. Soutar, the 1903 Amateur Champion of Australasia, who went on to publish The Australian Golfer and then design Melbourne, Victoria's famous Kingston Heath course, commented in 1903 that, 'I am pretty well convinced that the majority of women who follow the game\u2026like it, first and foremost, for the healthy open-air exercise it affords.' According to Soutar improved physical well-being wasn't the only benefit to be enjoyed by women from a round of golf. 'It promotes a habit of self control,' he noted, 'which is not often consciously developed by women, and it steadies the nerves. It takes women out of themselves,' he continued, 'and acts as a gentle counter-poise to tea and gossip.'\nSixty years later, it wasn't tea that a handful of Queensland women golfers were imbibing as they 'gossiped', but Christmas drinks. Associates of the Ashgrove and Keparra clubs were in animated discussion about the prospect of establishing a golf club open to all, but controlled by women. They were tired of the access restrictions placed on women, who could never be more than associate members of gold clubs. Given that many of them were professionals and members of the paid workforce, the restrictions rankled even more; women were rarely, if ever, given weekend access. The redoubtable Kathleen Atherton who, a couple of years earlier, had raised the idea at a meeting of the Queensland Ladies' Golf Union (QLGU) to a lukewarm response, was probably amongst their number. In the intervening years, she had found a willing ally in Hilda Reid, secretary to the Chairman of the Southern Electricity Authority of Queensland. The two of them formed the nucleus of a hard-working group of women who lobbied for support, looked for land and raised public awareness.\nAt the same time the largest private real estate development in Australia was transforming land with Brisbane River frontage near Mt Ommaney, eight kilometers southwest of Brisbane. The Centenary Estates residential housing development had endured a slump in the early 1960s but had recovered momentum by 1965. An ambitious project, it was given Brisbane City Council approval on the proviso that the developers, among other things, financed a new bridge across the Brisbane River, a freeway that connected the bridge to the main road system and the development of an 18 hole golf course. Sixty hectares of flood prone, riverfront land was earmarked for the purpose. The developers were keen to see the course built; they knew it would add to the attractiveness of the surrounding residential blocks that they were trying to sell. They just didn't want to take on the expense of doing so. Therefore, in 1966 they advertised that they would sell the land for $1 in exchange for the purchaser's undertaking to build the course.\nThese two seemingly unrelated courses of events became connected when, in November 1966, a former President of the Ashgrove Golf Club, Jim Newborough, drew Kathleen and Hilda's attention to the advertisement. They quickly arranged an inspection (Kathleen was a geographer and capable of making a well informed assessment) and were pleased by what they saw. Encouraged to do so by Peter Lightfoot, a senior executive of the property development company, they convened a public meeting at the Ashgrove Golf Club on January 16, 1967 to gauge the level of support that a women's golf club might receive. The novelty of the event attracted a high level of media attention, and Hilda took full advantage of the opportunity that the occasion presented. She explained the idea to reporters from the Brisbane Telegraph.\n'Our idea is a golf club run in reverse to the present general set up, where women players are restricted to cut playing times. We don't want our venture to be a Women's Only club, and will welcome men players. But we do want it to be a club where women golfers can play as often as they like, and not cut to restricted, blocked times, especially at the weekends as they are now at most crowded metropolitan clubs\u2026We have found there is a growing band of women golfers, business and professional women, who can't play on the mid-week days set aside as most clubs for associate competition.'\nHilda even encouraged detractors and critics to attend. 'We want as many as we can get to this meeting, knockers as well as supporters\u2026so that a clearer picture may be drawn of the possibilities of launching the venture.' Needless to say, despite the presence of critics, the meeting only served to convince Kathleen and Hilda that they were on the right track and that if they built the club it would succeed.\nThe road from this meeting to eventual land acquisition was by no means a smooth one. Despite eventually receiving support from state and national golfing organizations to pursue the idea, and despite working hard to gather community support from all around the state for the concept of a club for and controlled by women, there were many influential people, who could not see how it would work and therefore did not want to invest in the idea. Amongst them was Sir Arthur Fadden, former Prime Minister and Treasurer, and the presiding Chairman of the Centenary Estates Board of Directors. He and other board members had not approved of the publicity that the public meeting had generated and feared that women did not have the requisite business skills required to see the venture succeed. They were concerned that enabling the idea would see the company become a laughing stock and that this would have a detrimental effect on land sale targets.\nPeter Lightfoot was clearly more of a visionary than the members of the board he reported to. He finally convinced them to allow the women a six month option on the land, expiring in January 1968. Acceding to this request, the board imposed one important condition. The word 'women's' could not appear in the name of the club. Scrapping the proposed name of the Mt Ommaney Women's Golf Club was a small price for the steering committee to pay - but what to use in its place? The committee, comprising of Hilda Reid, Kathleen Atherton, Gwen Osterlund, Marge Irvine, Muriel Pottage and Pat Herd, still wanted a name that promoted the course as a place for women's golf.\nThey decided upon naming the club in honour of a woman who was never an elite golfer but who had, nevertheless, dedicated most of her adult life to golf administration. Gertrude McLeod was an Associate member of the Royal Queensland Golf Club and President of the Indooroopilly Golf Club Associates. She was President of the Queensland Ladies' Golf Union for thirty years, its first life member and the first Queenslander to be President of the Australian Ladies' Golf Union. She served as Vice-President of the English Ladies' Golf Union. She was a firm and forthright supporter of the project and willingly gave her name to the new venture.\nThe first year of 'operation' was challenging, particularly the six months leading up to the expiration of the option in January 1968. At its best, public reaction to the project was patronizing, at worst it was derisory and reflected the common view that even during the weekend, a woman's place was in the home. A journalist from the Melbourne Age, hinting at the real gender politics that shaped the issue of women's access to weekend golf, shared his thoughts:\n'For many years one of the simplest ways for Dad to escape from Mum and the kids at weekends has been for him to announce that he has lined up a game of golf with his friends. Male friends, of course. Women couldn't do the same. Most clubs don't want women to play on weekends. Most men don't want to babysit on their days off.'\nAllowing women access to sport on the weekends meant that men would have to take on domestic responsibilities that they had hitherto been able to avoid; the Age journalist clearly saw the Brisbane ladies' proposal to be the thin end of the wedge.\nApart from the problems with public perception there were pressing practical concerns, chiefly the need to raise a loan to proceed with the development of the land before their option ran out. The steering committee, despite its comprising of several women with well established professional and business credentials, encountered a lot of closed doors as they approached financial institutions for a loan. In this era, women trying to raise funds for home mortgages and businesses found things difficult at the best of times; raising money to build a golf course when all you had as collateral was 60 acres of flood prone land was nigh on impossible. Eventually, the State Government Insurance Office (SGIO) came to the party, approving a loan for $40,000 over fifteen years at 7% interest. Significant conditions were imposed; five committee members were required to take out life insurance policies with SGIO to cover the amount of the loan. And the loan could only be drawn upon after the committee had spent $8,000 of its own funds.\nBut at least they had the commitment before option expiry date, which meant that it was time to hold a general meeting to officially form the club and have the Memorandum and Articles of Association approved. On February 28, 1968, this meeting was held and the McLeod Country Golf Club, the purpose of which was '\u2026to establish, maintain and carry on a golf club for both men and women players and their families\u2026', was formed. Membership clauses that stipulated that the number of Fellows could never exceed 45% of the full membership protected women's interests, ensuring that the club, although open to all, would always be controlled by women. The course would be challenging only, in an Australian first, it would be designed with the needs of women golfers in mind. 'Our aim is to make McLeod a Championship course for women but not at the expense of the average golfer and always keeping in mind the length of the course.'\nAll the committee needed to do now was raise their own funds and start spending them. Signing up members was an obvious revenue source, but this needed to be handled carefully; members would allow some period of grace but they would want some part of the course to be playable before the year was out. The committee had to manage the inflow and outflow of funds on a weekly basis to ensure the development tasks, such as building a dam, could proceed apace. Members and potential members needed to see that they weren't signing up to a white elephant. Fundraising efforts were many and varied; the committee held Walk-a-Thons, fundraising parties, talent shows and German beer nights.\nThey even entered television quiz shows that offered contestants cash prizes. In September 1968, Hilda Reid, Rae McKenzie and Stella McMinn entered Play Your Hunch, a show that required contestants to tell the story of an unlikely event that had actually happened to them, with a panel having to guess who it happened to. The McLeod team decided to choose a story from Rae McKenzie's catalogue of Northern Australian stories. Originally from Mt Isa in northern Queensland, Rae had numerous crocodile hunting experiences and the team settled on one of these. The panel failed to guess the origin of the story correctly, so the McLeod team came away $40 richer and with three tea sets that were used by the club for many, many years. The women of the McLeod Country Club committee were a remarkably resourceful bunch!\nEventually, after a number of legal hitches and frustrating hold ups, the club, Brisbane City Council, SGIO and Centenary Estates Co. came to terms and agreed that the women should take control of the land. A memorable ceremony took place on September 21, 1968, under trees near the site of the ninth green. Peter Lightfoot presented the signed agreement to Kath Atherton, Sir Arthur Fadden, who once opposed the idea wholeheartedly, applauded enthusiastically. And Kath Atherton, floated the idea five years earlier, reflected on the meaning of the occasion.\n'What do you see? You see first a dam, admittedly not much water in it yet; a diversion channel with scarcely any grass on it; greens and tees in embryo stage. But we see a vision, a dream about to be realized\u2026'\nThe Mcleod Country Club still thrives and remains the only female run golf club in the southern hemisphere. It's amazing what a group of 'gossipy' women, 'taken out of themselves' and with 'habits of self control' can do.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/women-on-course-the-mcleod-country-golf-club-1968-1993\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/shes-game-women-making-australian-sporting-history-2\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/mcleod-gertrude-evelyn-1891-1971\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "War Widows' Guild of Australia (Queensland) Inc", "Entry ID": "AWE2681", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/war-widows-guild-of-australia-queensland-inc\/", "Type": "Organisation", "Birth Place": "Brisbane, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Community organisation", "Summary": "The War Widows' Guild of Australia was formed in 1945 in Victoria by the late Mrs Jessie Mary Vasey OBE, CBE, widow of Major-General George Vasey. In 1947 the Queensland State Branch was formed. The Guild aims to watch over and protect the interests of war widows by lobbying politicians and offering its members friendship, empathy and comfort in times of need, particularly in the loss of a partner. Its motto is as relevant today as it was at the Guild's formation over 60 years ago:-\nWe all belong to each other\nWe all need each other\nIt is in serving each other\nAnd in sacrificing for our common good\nThat we are finding our true life\n(Extract from an Empire Day Message from His Majesty the late King George the Sixth in 1949).\n", "Details": "It was Mrs Vasey's belief in \"self-help\" that led to the establishment of the Guild through craft classes. The sale of crafts also augmented the widows' meagre pensions. Queensland established a very successful weaving school under the leadership of Mrs Connie Hoffman who came up from Melbourne to teach. These craft groups brought the young widows together and gave them a purpose as well as the companionship of other widows.\nThe first Sub-Branch was formed in Toowoomba on 8 August 1947, just four days before the State Guild. Today there are 24 Sub-Branches throughout Queensland and five Social Groups in Brisbane where volunteer war widows look after the interests of their members by living the words of the Guild Motto.\nToday the Guild not only provides a \"listening ear\", it provides friendship, welfare advice, social functions and activities, new member orientation, tours, a quarterly Bulletin magazine, volunteer hospital visitor service, nursing home visitors, various scholarships to universities in Queensland, Maj-jong, Bridge classes and Alexander Technique classes (the art of gentle exercise).\nA further service the Guild provides is that of a Community Services Officer (CSO) who informs members and their families of services available in the community and how to access these services. The CSO will discuss any matters or concerns the members may have, either by a visit to the member's home or by telephone, and make any necessary referrals.\nThe Queensland Vasey Housing Auxiliary (War Widows' Guild) was established in 1961 to provide suitable accommodation at an affordable price for war widows over 55 years of age and other eligible persons. Today the Auxiliary manages 6 blocks of units in and around Brisbane (110 units) as well as 2 holiday units at Caloundra on the North Coast.\nThe Queensland Guild owes its success to the early foundation members. Those who took up the challenge at the inaugural meeting in 1947 were Mrs Hazel Sanders (Hopkinson) - President; Mesdames Betty Crombie (Deshon) and Edna Duff - Vice-Presidents; Mrs Doris Houston - Honorary Treasurer and Mrs J. Bird - Honorary Secretary. The subscription was set at one shilling a year. [1]\nSubsequent State Presidents\n\nMrs Betty Crombie (Deshon) 1948-1950\nMrs Gertrude McKay 1950-1951\nMrs Margaret Gordon 1951-1954\nMrs Billie Hughes OAM 1954-1994\nMrs Jean Walters 1994-1997\nMrs Marjory Brown BEM 1997-2000\nMrs Alison Armstrong FCPA 2000 -2003\nMrs Norma Whitfield 2003-2006\nMrs Barbara Murphy 2006-\n\nMrs Billie Hughes OAM held the position of National President from 1981 to 1986. Mrs Norma Whitfield is the current National President (2004 to date).\nToday the Guild is managed by a State Council of 25 comprising the State President, two Vice Presidents, Honorary Treasurer and 21 Council members.\nThe Guild is represented on various ex-service committees and the State President attends several memorial services throughout the year to lay a wreath on behalf of war widows. Sub-Branch representatives lay wreaths on behalf of their local members in the regional centres.\n2007 marks the 60th anniversary of the War Widows' Guild in Queensland and members are proud of the achievements of the strong and dedicated women who have gone before them, particularly the earlier members who laid the foundations for the success of the organisation and the benefits that war widows receive today.\nTo be eligible for membership, a widow must be designated \"War Widow\" by the Department of Veterans' Affairs, meaning that their partner's death has been accepted as due to war causes. Re-married war widows, war widowers or Defence Service Widows in receipt of compensation from the Department of Veterans' Affairs are also eligible. The majority of members are widows from the Second World War. As our members age, we are now looking towards our younger widows from subsequent wars as well as Peacekeeping personnel widows to carry on the wonderful work of our forebears and preserve Mrs Vasey's aspiration to have all war widows living with dignity and security.\nThis entry was provided by Veronica Kratzmann, State Secretary of the War Widows' Guild of Australia (Queensland) Inc., April 2007.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/no-mean-destiny-the-story-of-the-war-widows-guild-of-australia-1945-85-2\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Ladies Literary Society", "Entry ID": "AWE2720", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/ladies-literary-society\/", "Type": "Organisation", "Birth Place": "Brisbane, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Writers Group", "Summary": "In 1911, 32 women came together to form a Literary Society. They were intelligent, creative and active women who contributed significantly to the social and cultural life of Brisbane at the time. These women were not only writers but worked in many charitable, feminist and cultural spheres. They were travellers and observers. They contributed to the Comforts Fund in World War I and were active in women's suffrage movements. Some held a prominent social status by virtue of their husbands' occupations in academia, medicine, law, civil service and the professions, but - until recently - little was known of the contribution of the women themselves. Jean Stewart's Scribblers: A Ladies Literary Society in Brisbane, 1911 was published in 2007 by Kingswood Press.\n", "Details": "Members of Scribblers, 1911-1912\n\nMary Elkington\nChristina Corrie\/Thynne\nCaroline, Lady Macartney\nHermiene Ulrich\/Parnell\nMary Cullen\nEvelyn Drury\nLucy Wilton Love\nChristina Sandford Jackson\nMary Gibson\nTrucaninni Corrie\nAnnie Turner\nZina Cumbrae-Stewart\nKatherine Needham\nSelina Rivers\nKate Lilley\nLilian Cholmeley\nJane Bourne\nDr Eleanor Bourne\nJessie Murphy\nNaomi Waugh\nEdith Dickson\nKate Gall\nGetrude Pattinson\nAmy Steele\nLillian Bernays\nElizabeth Baker\nGrace Bond\nMaria Lightoller\nAmy Norton\nEva Hockings\/McLay\nEdith Wassell\nMary, Lady MacGregor\n\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Workers' Educational Association of Queensland", "Entry ID": "AWE3960", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/workers-educational-association-of-queensland\/", "Type": "Organisation", "Birth Place": "Brisbane, Queensland, Australia", "Death Place": "Brisbane, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Educational Association, Workers' Association", "Summary": "The Workers' Educational Association (W.E.A.) of Queensland was formed in Brisbane in 1913 after the visit of Albert Mansbridge, the founder of the Association in Great Britain. Its aim was to bring extra-mural university education to the working class. Of the first thirty-eight people that enrolled, fourteen of them were women, with feminist and socialist Emma Miller being one of them. Women soon outnumbered men in most of the classes, particularly those that were concerned with leisure activities. \nThe W.E.A. was disbanded by the state government in 1939 for allegedly supporting subversive activities, although its membership list indicates that most of the members were women who wanted to learn how to enhance their leisure time. Having said that, it did operate as a forum for the discussion and promotion of new ideas. For instance, Marion Piddington delivered a series of her innovative sex education lectures to the association in 1928.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/women-in-australia-an-annotated-guide-to-records-2\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/", "Archival Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/om64-13-workers-educational-association-of-queensland-records-1913-1932\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Society of the Sacred Advent", "Entry ID": "AWE4159", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/society-of-the-sacred-advent\/", "Type": "Organisation", "Birth Place": "Brisbane, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Religious organisation", "Summary": "The Society of the Sacred Advent is an Anglican religious order founded in 1892 by Caroline Amy Balguy (later to be known as Mother Caroline). She migrated from England to do the job at the request of the Reverend Stone-Wigg, Vicar of St John's Pro-Cathedral in Brisbane, Queensland, who saw the need for an Anglican religious order for women in Brisbane. In its early days, the Society of the Sacred Advent focused on ministering to the needs of women and children. It established several schools and children's homes throughout Queensland in order to advance its mission\nThe Society still has two girls' schools located in Brisbane; St Margaret's and St Aidan's. Although the Sisters are no longer involved in the day-to-day running of the schools, two Sisters remain active on each of the School Councils.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/the-society-of-the-sacred-advent\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/a-short-history-of-the-society-of-the-sacred-advent-1892-1942-with-a-foreword-by-the-archbishop-of-brisbane\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/crawford-emma-1864-1939\/", "Archival Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/society-of-sacred-advent-papers\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Sisters Inside Inc.", "Entry ID": "AWE5645", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/sisters-inside-inc\/", "Type": "Organisation", "Birth Place": "Brisbane, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "human rights organisation", "Summary": "Sisters Inside Inc. is an independent community organisation that exists to advocate for the human rights of women in the criminal justice system, and to address gaps in the services available to them.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/list-of-speeches\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/list-of-resources\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Zonta Club of Brisbane", "Entry ID": "AWE5651", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/zonta-club-of-brisbane\/", "Type": "Organisation", "Birth Place": "Brisbane, Queensland, Australia", "Summary": "The Zonta Club of Brisbane was the first Zonta Club in Queensland. It was chartered on October 1, 1971.\nIn addition to supporting international projects through the Zonta International Foundation, the Zonta Club of Brisbane also supports a variety of local projects and awards.\n", "Archival Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/r-438-zonta-club-of-brisbane-records-1982-2011\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Supreme Court of Queensland", "Entry ID": "AWE5952", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/supreme-court-of-queensland\/", "Type": "Organisation", "Birth Place": "Brisbane, Queensland, Australia", "Summary": "The Supreme Court is the highest court in Queensland. It is made up of two divisions: the Trial Division and the Court of Appeal. While the Trial Division hears the most serious criminal cases, as well as all civil matters involving amounts of more than $750,000, the Court of Appeal hears appeals from the District and Supreme Courts and also from tribunals.\n" }, { "Title\/Name": "Supreme Court of Queensland - Court of Appeal", "Entry ID": "AWE5953", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/supreme-court-of-queensland-court-of-appeal\/", "Type": "Organisation", "Birth Place": "Brisbane, Queensland, Australia", "Summary": "The Court of Appeal is one of the two divisions of the Supreme Court of Queensland, the other being the Trial Division. Established in 1991, the Court of Appeal hears appeals from the District and Supreme Courts and from tribunals. Decisions of the Court of Appeal are made by a panel of three to five judges of the Supreme Court.\n" }, { "Title\/Name": "District Court of Queensland", "Entry ID": "AWE5960", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/district-court-of-queensland\/", "Type": "Organisation", "Birth Place": "Queensland, Australia", "Summary": "The District Court is constituted under the District Court of Queensland Act 1967 (QLD). It deals with serious criminal offences such as rape, armed robbery and fraud. It also hears appeals from cases decided in the Magistrates' Court and disputes involving sums greater than $150,000 but less than $750,000. The judges of the District Court also sit in the Planning and Environment Court and in the Children's Court of Queensland.\n" }, { "Title\/Name": "Children's Court of Queensland", "Entry ID": "AWE5964", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/childrens-court-of-queensland\/", "Type": "Organisation", "Birth Place": "Queensland, Australia", "Summary": "Established in 1992, the Children's Court of Queensland (CCQ) deals with all juveniles who commit criminal offences while under the age of 17 years, unless the court orders that the matter be dealt with in an adult court. The CCQ is presided over by judges who have been appointed from the District Court. There is no jury. Matters are heard in accordance with the guidelines set down in the Children's Court Act 1992 and the Youth Justice Act 1992. Matters involving children can, in addition, be heard in the Magistrates or Supreme Court.\n" }, { "Title\/Name": "Magistrates' Court of Queensland", "Entry ID": "AWE5967", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/magistrates-court-of-queensland\/", "Type": "Organisation", "Birth Place": "Queensland, Australia", "Summary": "The Magistrates Court represents the first tier of the Queensland Courts system. It is the place where most criminal cases are first heard; it is also where most civil actions are heard. It deals with civil cases where the amount in dispute is $150,000 or less. Some minor family law matters are dealt with by the Court as too are matters covered by the Customs Act 1901, the Social Security Act 1991 and the Taxation Act 1953. The Court also hears the majority of domestic violence matters, and applications for child protection orders.\n" }, { "Title\/Name": "Queensland Ladies' Golf Union", "Entry ID": "AWE6560", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/queensland-ladies-golf-union\/", "Type": "Organisation", "Birth Place": "Queensland, Australia", "Summary": "The Queensland Ladies' Golf Union was formed in October 1922 with representatives from all clubs.\n" }, { "Title\/Name": "Brisbane Girls Grammar School", "Entry ID": "AWE6592", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/brisbane-girls-grammar-school\/", "Type": "Organisation", "Birth Place": "Queensland, Australia", "Summary": "Established in 1875, Brisbane Girls Grammar School is one of Queensland's original grammar schools.\n" }, { "Title\/Name": "Young Women's Christian Association, Queensland", "Entry ID": "AWE6602", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/young-womens-christian-association-queensland\/", "Type": "Organisation", "Birth Place": "Rockhampton, Queensland, Australia", "Summary": "The Young Women's Christian Association was established in Queensland in 1888 at Rockhampton.\nIn 2011, three Queensland branches amalgamted to form YWCA Queensland. These branches were Brisbane, Townsville, and Downs and SW Queensland (based in Toowoomba).\n" }, { "Title\/Name": "Commonwealth Games (12th: 1982: Brisbane)", "Entry ID": "IMP0087", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/commonwealth-games-12th-1982-brisbane\/", "Type": "Event", "Birth Place": "Queensland, Australia", "Summary": "Held in Brisbane in October 1982, the 12th Commonwealth Games attracted demonstrations from Aboriginal people and supporters, part of the campaign for land rights.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/neville-bonner-takes-on-the-role-of-elder\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/a-showpiece-for-what-the-commonwealth-games\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/great-moments-in-indigenous-history-commonwealth-games-demos-1982\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/people-of-australia-key-events-in-population-society-the-environment\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Brisbane Women's Club", "Entry ID": "PR00162", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/brisbane-womens-club\/", "Type": "Organisation", "Birth Place": "Brisbane, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Philanthropic organisation, Women's reform group, Women's Rights Organisation", "Summary": "One of the oldest women's clubs in Queensland, the Brisbane Women's Club was formed in 1908 under the sponsorship of the Queensland Women's Electoral League. Originally called the Women's Progressive Club, the name was changed to the Brisbane Women's Club in May 1912. Ardent feminist and women's rights campaigner Margaret Ogg was one of the 59 founding members.\nThe objectives of the club were to provide a social centre for women workers in the cause of reform and to encourage free discussion on subjects of public importance, including social, political and municipal matters. The club lobbied the Brisbane City Council and the State Government for the betterment of the community. In an effort to improve the life of rural women, the club was instrumental in the establishment of the Queensland Country Women's Association in 1922 and the Bush Book Club in 1921. The Brisbane Women's Club celebrated its centenary in 2008 and continues to provide a social and cultural centre with a philanthropic charter.\n", "Details": "Margaret Ogg is credited with founding the Brisbane Women's Club and it was under her guidance members became a driving force to develop Brisbane into a better place for women to live and work. The Brisbane Women's Club was a place where women were encouraged to take on leadership roles and fulfil their potential. The first club premises were in a building on the corner of Adelaide and Albert Streets. For many years contributions were made to a building fund and eventually the club bought its own building at 107 Albert Street in 1964.\nThe Brisbane Women's Club met every second and fourth Thursday of each month, with the second Thursday dedicated to social activities while the fourth Thursday was educational. Invited guests would present a paper at these meetings. In 1913 Margaret Ogg suggested holding frequent debates among members to encourage public speaking. The first debate was held on 3 August and the topic for discussion was 'Should Women Enter Parliament'.\nDuring both world wars, the Brisbane Women's Club ran the War Work Circle. Members would knit and sew for refugees and soldiers and raise funds for the Red Cross. They worked in groups to weave 126 camouflage nets and make over 2500 articles of clothing. Brisbane Women's Club members served in World War I, World War II and the Vietnam War. Club members met immigrant ships at the docks to welcome and assist young girls arriving in Brisbane. They also established the Traveller's Aid Society in 1929, which assisted confused and tired travellers arriving in Brisbane to get to their accommodation or connecting plane, bus, tram or train.\nThe club sponsored such reforms as:\n\nwaiting sheds for tram passengers\nnumbering tram stops\nname plates on trees in the Botanical Gardens\ndating milk bottles\nerecting a shelter shed on North Quay\ninstalling traffic lights at busy intersections\nthe supply of milk for school children\nzebra crossings outside schools\nbetter street lighting\nequal pay for women\nthe removal of the double standard in divorce laws\nthe right of women to sit on juries\nthe establishment of baby clinics\nchanges to laws that would allow women to be elected to local councils and to sit on governing boards\nthe introduction of domestic science for schoolgirls into the Queensland school curriculum\n\nThe club had a strong connection with the National Council of Women, the Queensland Women's Electoral League, the Brisbane Lyceum Club, the Queensland Deaf & Dumb Mission, the Queensland Bush Book Club, the Mission to Seamen, the Country Women's Association and the Cr\u00e8che and Kindergarten Association.\nUpon Margaret Ogg's death in 1953, the club established a scholastic bursary in her memory. It was to be awarded to the girl who gained the highest marks in social studies in the Scholarship examination. In 1970 the Margaret Ogg Memorial Bursary was created for the best short story in the Warana Writer's Competition for under 18 year olds. The winner received a book prize. In 2009 the Brisbane Women's Club and Yvonne Haysom Bursary takes the form of a scholarship that is open to students of the Conservatorium of Music, Griffith University. It is valued at $1000 and is awarded annually to a female undergraduate studying in the creative arts.\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/", "Archival Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/annual-report-and-financial-statements-brisbane-womens-club\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/28405-brisbane-womens-club-records-1908-2013\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/newsletter-brisbane-womens-club\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/7976-brisbane-womens-club-records-1908-2008\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/28386-dining-room-of-brisbane-womens-club-work-of-art-1930\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/ephemera-relating-to-womens-movement-organisations\/" }, { "Title\/Name": "Lyceum Club Brisbane Incorporated", "Entry ID": "PR00247", "Entry URL": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/lyceum-club-brisbane-incorporated\/", "Type": "Organisation", "Birth Place": "Brisbane, Queensland, Australia", "Occupations": "Women's organisation", "Summary": "The Lyceum Club Brisbane, founded in 1919, was directly modelled on the London Lyceum Club. It is a club for women interested in the arts, science, contemporary issues and the pursuit of lifelong learning. The club is apolitical and non-sectarian. Membership of the club is open to women who have university, conservatorium or other tertiary qualifications of a standard approved by the Management Committee; have published original work in literature, science, art or music; or have given important public service\n", "Details": "In May 1914 a small group of women met to discuss the possibility of forming a Lyceum Club, and a letter was sent to the London Lyceum Club requesting information. The reply stated that 50 members were required to form a club. Some of the women became international members of the London Lyceum Club, including Miss Margaret Ogg, who acted as chair of the group and Miss May Paten, a writer, as secretary.\nThe group met on and off but it was difficult for them to reach the required number of 50 members, especially with World War I intervening. However, by 1919, they felt that there was sufficient interest to go ahead with calling for members. They placed a notice in the Brisbane Courier of Wednesday 30 April 1919, inviting interested women to attend a meeting of Brisbane members of the London Lyceum Club at the Brisbane Women's Club on Friday 2 May at 8.00 pm. The notice gave information about Lyceum.\nAt the meeting Margaret Ogg explained the objective of the meeting was to form a Queensland Branch of the London Lyceum Club, which would act as a common meeting ground for university graduates and the teaching, journalistic, medical, dental and legal professions. That evening all present formed themselves into a new general committee with a sub-committee nominated to draw up a constitution and rules. Miss Margaret Ogg was elected President and Miss Paten Honorary Secretary.\nThe annual subscription was set at 10 shillings with an entrance fee of the same amount. It was decided to meet on the first Monday of the month and this practice continues today. In those early times the meetings were held at 8.00pm, evening dress was always worn and continued to be worn for many years, certainly up to the mid 1950s. The President's chair was made in 1936 by a then well known furniture maker, Mr Gordon. Mrs Eva Robson was president at the time and the chair was in memory of Mrs Mary Munro who had preceded Mrs Robson as president.\nToday the objectives of the Lyceum Club are to:\n\nAssociate in a non-political, non-sectarian social club, women of all nations who are interested in the advancement of literature, science, the arts and music, and who desire to promote that good feeling and comradeship which can result only from a knowledge acquired by a personal association \nAfford to its members all the usual privileges, advantages, conveniences and accommodations of a club \nProvide and maintain a club house or club rooms for the use of the members of the Association \nOrganise study circles on topics central to the members' interests \nArrange lectures, entertainment and other functions \nEffect liaison with practising members and to encourage students of disciplines within the varied areas of interest of members \nAffiliate, through the Australian Association of Lyceum Clubs, with the International Association of Lyceum Clubs.\n\n", "Published Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/early-days-of-brisbane-lyceum\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/lyceum-club-brisbane-incorporated-2\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/trove\/", "Archival Resources": "https:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/r-1694-lyceum-club-brisbane-inc-records\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/tr-2080-lyceum-club-brisbane-inc-records-1998-2000\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/r-1453-lyceum-club-brisbane-inc-records\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/r-1229-lyceum-club-brisbane-inc-newsletter\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/r-1600-lyceum-club-brisbane-inc-records-1995-1996%e2%86%b5%e2%86%b5r-1600-lyceum-club-brisbane-inc-records-1995-1996%e2%86%b5%e2%86%b5r-1600-lyceum-club-brisbane-inc-records-1995-1996\/ \nhttps:\/\/www.womenaustralia.info\/entries\/r-1218-lyceum-club-brisbane-inc-records-1931-1994-2013\/" } ]