Women's Royal Australian Naval Service (WRANS) (1942 - 1984)

The Women's Royal Australian Naval Service (WRANS) was initially established with 14 females trained by Florence McKenzie as wireless telegraphists. The Royal Australian Navy enrolled the first 14 girls in April 1941 at HMAS Harman Wireless Telegraphy station. Later on 1 October 1942 they were sworn into the Navy as enlisted personnel with enlisted status.

The First Fourteen at HMAS Harman
WR 1 Frances Provan
WR 2 Joan Furley
WR 3 Pat Ross
WR 4 Denise Owen
WR 5 Marion Stevens
WR 6 June McLeod
WR 7 Daphne Wright
WR 8 Jess Prain
WR 9 Joan Cade
WR 10 Joan Hodges
WR 11 Billie Thompson
WR 12 Judy Alley
WR 13 Shirley Drew
WR 14 Elsie Colless - did not enlist in the Navy but took her discharge.

Four months later the number was increased to 1000. [1]

Patsy Adam-Smith, author of Australian Women at War, states that the service never exceeded 3000 women enlisted at one time. In the WRANS women worked as telegraphists; coders; writers (typists and clerks); transport drivers; car drivers; office orderlies; dental mechanics; cooks; sickberth attendants; stewardesses; press relations officers (which included escorting the press to sea on trials); boarding officers; almoners; dome teacher operators (visual aids used for instruction and entertainment); education officers; vocational guidance; sea transport officers; and air liaison officers (moving RAN officers and ratings to all parts of the globe). There were harbour messengers; an accountant officer; supply assistants; medical, clothing and general stores; a postmaster; a postal clerk (delivering mail to ships in port and on anchor); and watch keepers. There were WRANS working as Translation Interpretors in the Allied Translation Section of General MacArthur's main 'Order of Battle'. Some worked on the degaussing range (assessing the magnetic attraction of vessels as they crossed the degaussing range); they worked in ciphers; visual signalling; signals and communications; radio telegraphy plotting; and as messengers. Others were with the Radar Counter-measure, Allied Intelligence Bureau and Censorship Officers. They were at the Gunnery School, small arms range. One job was to handle all Safe Hand Mail for the port of Sydney, while another was to correct and issue charts to both merchant and naval ship's masters. There was an Assistant to the Staff Officer (Operations) Brisbane and another to the Director of Victualling.

Many WRANS were engaged on technical duties of a secret nature, working long hours under exacting conditions. For many, this meant absolute silence about their work, even after demobilisation, while the end of the war meant that others were released from secrecy. While the most senior men were adamant that WRANS would not work as mechanics, they did indeed work in ordnance artificers' workshops. Several women wore WRANS uniform merely for convenience or safety against the event of their being discovered and, as a civilian, being treated as a spy. [2]

The last wartime WRAN was discharged in 1948 when the WRANS were disbanded, but the service was reconstituted in 1951. By 1959 the WRANS were part of the Permanent Naval Forces, but Government policy of the day was that servicewomen not be employed in combat duties, and members of the WRANS were excluded from seagoing employment.

In 1985 women became fully integrated into the Royal Australian Navy and the WRANS were disbanded by an Act of Parliament. [3]

[1] Ships Belles pp. 67-70
[2] Australian Women at war. p. 215, pp 376-377
[3] http://www.gunplot.net/wrans/wrans1.htm accessed 2002-11-28

Director/s

• MacLeod, Barbara Denise (1929 - 2000)

  [1979 - 1984]

• McClemans, Sheila Mary (1909 - 1988)

Related Corporate Bodies

• Ex-Women's Royal Australian Naval Service (NSW) (1968 - )
• WRANS sub section of the Naval Association of Australia (South Australian Branch) (1954 - )

Related Cultural Artefacts

• WRANS Memorial HMAS Harman
• WRANS Memorial Window

Related People

• Boye, Ruby (Olive) (1891 - 1990)

  Olive Boye was given an honorary commission in the WRANS to give her enlisted status - thus protecting her from the danger of being treated as a spy in the event of her being captured.

  [ - 1946]

• Buscombe, Nina Dorothea Kestell (1919 - 2003)

  [1942 - 1946]

• Curtis-Otter, Margaret Catherine (1910 - 1992)

  Second-in-charge during Second World War

• Darling, Margaret Florence (1923 - )

  [1943 - 1945]

• Doyle, Jess Scott (1921 - 1988)

  [1941 - 1954]

• Hill, Dorothy (1907 - 1997)

  served with

  [1943 - 1945]

• Jorgenson, June (1924 - )

  [1945 - 1947]

• MacLeod, Barbara Denise (1929 - 2000)

  At the time of her retirement, Captain MacLeod had become the highest-ranking woman in the Navy, achieving a status - the closest any woman in any of the Services had come - to flag rank. In the Navy this is Commodore or Rear Admiral

  [1953 - 1984]

• McDonald, Grace Thelma (1927 - )

  [1945 - 1946]

• McKenzie, Florence Violet (1892 - 1982)

  On 28 April 1941 14 female wireless telegraphists trained by Florence McKenzie were enrolled into the Royal Australian Navy.

• Munro, Dorothy Jean (1921 - )

  [1943 - 1946]

• Provan, Frances Betty (1911 - 1963)

  [1941 - 1946]

• Stevens, Marion (1920 - )

  [1941 - 1955]

• Taylor, Marjorie Elsie (1920 - )

  [1943 - 1946]

Books

• Curtis-Otter, M, W.R.A.N.S. : the Women's Royal Australian Naval Service, Naval Historical Society of Australia, Garden Island (NSW), 1975, 99 pp. [ Details... ]
• Fenton Huie, Shirley, Ships belles : the story of the Women's Royal Australian Naval Service in war and peace 1941-1985, Watermark Press, Balmain, N.S.W., 2000, 341 pp. [ Details... ]

Book Sections

• Spurling, kathryn, 'Willing volunteers, resisting society, relucyant Navy: The troubled first years of the Women's Royal Australian Naval Service', in Stevens, David (ed.), The Royal Australian Navy in World Wat II, Allen & Unwin, St Leonards, NSW, pp. 124-134. [ Details... ]

See also

• 'The mobilisation of women into active services / the 'Yankee' invasion / How the war affected women', http://infocus.sl.nsw.gov.au/res/resdesc.cfm?res_code=1272. [ Details... ]
• 'Australian Women and World War ll: Kit', http://infocus.sl.nsw.gov.au/res/resdesc.cfm?res_code=1269. [ Details... ]
• Adam-Smith, Patsy, Australian women at war, Nelson, Melbourne, 1984, 386 pp. [ Details... ]
• Buckley, Martin J., We also served, far north coast N.S.W. ex-servicewomen 1939-1945, Martin J. Buckley, Goonellabah, [N.S.W.], c1995, 154 pp. [ Details... ]
• Southwell-Keely, Michael, 'Australian Servicewomen's Memorial', in War Memorials in Australia, July 2000, http://www.skp.com.au/memorials/pages/00018.htm. [ Details... ]